首页 > 最新文献

Parkinsonism & related disorders最新文献

英文 中文
Assessment of SLC25A46 variants in idiopathic Parkinson's disease SLC25A46变异在特发性帕金森病中的评估
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108092
Zachary Schneider , Hui Liu , Mohammad Dehestani , Mary B. Makarious , Peter Wild Crea , Sara Bandres-Ciga , Thomas Gasser , Jonggeol J. Kim , Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2)
Rare damaging variants in the SLC25A46 gene were recently reported to be associated with optic atrophy and parkinsonism in compound heterozygous state. Here, we comprehensively investigated the role of SLC25A46 variation in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) by leveraging whole genome sequencing (WGS) and genotyping imputed data from the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2) and the Accelerating Medicines Partnership for Parkinson's disease initiative (AMP-PD). Our analyses included genotyping imputed data from 19,573 PD cases and 11,748 neurologically healthy controls of European, African Admixed, African, East Asian, Ashkenazi Jewish, Middle Eastern, Central Asian, and Latino and Indigenous people of the Americas ancestries from GP2. Additionally, we mined WGS data from 924 PD patients and 229 healthy controls, as well as 3359 PD cases and 4153 neurologically healthy controls of European ancestry from GP2 and AMP-PD, respectively. Burden analysis of rare non-synonymous variants across case-control individuals from WGS data did not find evidence of SLC25A46 association with PD. Of the four SLC25A46 variants observed, the p.K256R variant previously reported by Bitetto et al. was found in 1/3359 controls and 1/4153 cases of European ancestry but its association was not significant. In addition, we identified p.E79K/p.V211M in 1/3359 controls and 1/4153 cases, without confirmation of a putative compound heterozygosity effect due to the lack of phasing data. This variant was also identified in Admixed American/Latin American, African Admixed, Ashkenazi Jewish, and Central Asian ancestries. However, no significant enrichment in cases versus controls was observed. Our results do not support a major role for SLC25A46 in idiopathic PD in the European population or other ancestries, though our imputation results require cautious interpretation for ultra-rare variants.
SLC25A46基因中罕见的破坏性变异最近被报道与复合杂合状态下的视神经萎缩和帕金森病有关。在这里,我们利用来自全球帕金森遗传学计划(GP2)和加速帕金森病药物合作计划(AMP-PD)的全基因组测序(WGS)和基因分型数据,全面研究了SLC25A46变异在特发性帕金森病(PD)中的作用。我们的分析包括来自GP2的19573例PD病例和11748例神经健康对照的基因分型数据,这些人包括欧洲人、非洲混血儿、非洲人、东亚人、德系犹太人、中东人、中亚人、拉丁人和美洲土著祖先。此外,我们还从924名PD患者和229名健康对照者,以及来自GP2和AMP-PD的3359名PD患者和4153名神经健康对照者中分别挖掘了WGS数据。从WGS数据中对病例对照个体中罕见的非同义变异进行负担分析,未发现SLC25A46与PD相关的证据。在观察到的四种SLC25A46变异中,Bitetto等人先前报道的p.K256R变异在1/3359对照和1/4153欧洲血统的病例中被发现,但其相关性不显著。此外,我们鉴定出p.E79K/p。V211M在1/3359对照和1/4153病例中,由于缺乏相位数据,没有证实假定的复合杂合效应。这种变异也在混血儿美洲/拉丁美洲、非洲混血儿、德系犹太人和中亚血统中被发现。然而,与对照组相比,在病例中没有观察到显著的富集。我们的结果不支持SLC25A46在欧洲人群或其他祖先的特发性PD中的主要作用,尽管我们的归算结果需要对超罕见变异进行谨慎的解释。
{"title":"Assessment of SLC25A46 variants in idiopathic Parkinson's disease","authors":"Zachary Schneider ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Mohammad Dehestani ,&nbsp;Mary B. Makarious ,&nbsp;Peter Wild Crea ,&nbsp;Sara Bandres-Ciga ,&nbsp;Thomas Gasser ,&nbsp;Jonggeol J. Kim ,&nbsp;Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2)","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare damaging variants in the <em>SLC25A46</em> gene were recently reported to be associated with optic atrophy and parkinsonism in compound heterozygous state. Here, we comprehensively investigated the role of <em>SLC25A46</em> variation in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) by leveraging whole genome sequencing (WGS) and genotyping imputed data from the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2) and the Accelerating Medicines Partnership for Parkinson's disease initiative (AMP-PD). Our analyses included genotyping imputed data from 19,573 PD cases and 11,748 neurologically healthy controls of European, African Admixed, African, East Asian, Ashkenazi Jewish, Middle Eastern, Central Asian, and Latino and Indigenous people of the Americas ancestries from GP2. Additionally, we mined WGS data from 924 PD patients and 229 healthy controls, as well as 3359 PD cases and 4153 neurologically healthy controls of European ancestry from GP2 and AMP-PD, respectively. Burden analysis of rare non-synonymous variants across case-control individuals from WGS data did not find evidence of <em>SLC25A46</em> association with PD. Of the four <em>SLC25A46</em> variants observed, the p.K256R variant previously reported by Bitetto et al. was found in 1/3359 controls and 1/4153 cases of European ancestry but its association was not significant. In addition, we identified p.E79K/p.V211M in 1/3359 controls and 1/4153 cases, without confirmation of a putative compound heterozygosity effect due to the lack of phasing data. This variant was also identified in Admixed American/Latin American, African Admixed, Ashkenazi Jewish, and Central Asian ancestries. However, no significant enrichment in cases versus controls was observed. Our results do not support a major role for <em>SLC25A46</em> in idiopathic PD in the European population or other ancestries, though our imputation results require cautious interpretation for ultra-rare variants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 108092"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retinal structural changes in Parkinson's disease: differences in pRNFL thickness between GBA1-associated and idiopathic cases 帕金森病视网膜结构改变:gba1相关病例和特发性病例间pRNFL厚度的差异
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108134
Giacomo Portaro , Michelangelo Giacomelli , Sara Grisanti , Lisa Taruffi , Giulia Di Rauso , Valentina Fioravanti , Gaetano Salomone , Giacomo Argenziano , Rossella Sabadini , Giulia Toschi , Ottavia Iotti , Isabella Campanini , Andrea Merlo , Lorenzo Cavazzuti , Benedetta Damiano , Sara Scaltriti , Augusto Scaglioni , Jefri J. Paul , Peter Bauer , Giuseppe Biagini , Francesco Cavallieri

Introduction

In recent years, retinal structural changes have attracted considerable attention as a potential biomarker of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Several studies have reported a reduced Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (pRNFL) thickness in patients with PD compared with age-matched controls. However, potential retinal differences between “idiopathic” PD and GBA1-associated PD (GBA-PD) remain largely unexplored.

Methods

In this single-center observational study, we enrolled 59 PD patients: 32 GBA-PD and 27 non-mutated (NM-PD). A comprehensive clinical assessment included MoCA, MDS-UPDRS and Hoehn-Yahr. Spectral-domain OCT measured pRNFL thickness at 3.5, 4.1 and 4.7 mm diameters across six sectors. Statistical analysis assessed intergroup differences and associations with clinical variables.

Results

NM-PD exhibited significantly thinner temporal sectors compared to GBA-PD (p < .05, Mann-Whitney U test). In NM-PD, positive correlations emerged between temporal-superior pRNFL and MoCA scores, in line with previous studies, and, more surprisingly, between nasal-inferior sector and MDS-UPDRS part-IV. No robust associations with clinical variables were found in GBA-PD.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates differences in retinal thickness between GBA-PD and NM-PD. In particular, a lower pRNFL in NM-PD may be the product of a different pathophysiological mechanism. Moreover, sector-specific retinal thickness showed correlations to cognitive impairment and motor complications in NM-PD. These observations provide novel insights into genotype-specific mechanisms of neurodegeneration in PD and suggest that retinal imaging may offer a window into both cognitive and motor complications. Further longitudinal studies, including healthy controls and expanded retinal layer analyses, are needed to confirm and expand these findings.
近年来,视网膜结构变化作为帕金森病(PD)神经退行性变的潜在生物标志物引起了人们的广泛关注。一些研究报道了PD患者的视网膜神经纤维层(pRNFL)厚度比年龄匹配的对照组减少。然而,“特发性”PD和gba1相关PD (GBA-PD)之间潜在的视网膜差异在很大程度上仍未被探索。方法在这项单中心观察性研究中,我们招募了59例PD患者:32例GBA-PD和27例非突变(NM-PD)。综合临床评估包括MoCA、MDS-UPDRS和Hoehn-Yahr。光谱域OCT测量了六个扇区直径为3.5、4.1和4.7 mm的pRNFL厚度。统计分析评估组间差异及与临床变量的关联。结果sm - pd与GBA-PD相比,颞叶明显变薄(p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U检验)。在NM-PD中,颞下pRNFL和MoCA评分之间出现正相关,与先前的研究一致,更令人惊讶的是,鼻下段和MDS-UPDRS part-IV之间也出现正相关。GBA-PD与临床变量无明显关联。结论GBA-PD与NM-PD在视网膜厚度上存在差异。特别是,NM-PD的pRNFL较低可能是不同病理生理机制的产物。此外,部分特异性视网膜厚度与NM-PD的认知功能障碍和运动并发症相关。这些观察结果为帕金森病神经退行性变的基因型特异性机制提供了新的见解,并表明视网膜成像可能为认知和运动并发症提供了一个窗口。进一步的纵向研究,包括健康对照和扩展视网膜层分析,需要证实和扩展这些发现。
{"title":"Retinal structural changes in Parkinson's disease: differences in pRNFL thickness between GBA1-associated and idiopathic cases","authors":"Giacomo Portaro ,&nbsp;Michelangelo Giacomelli ,&nbsp;Sara Grisanti ,&nbsp;Lisa Taruffi ,&nbsp;Giulia Di Rauso ,&nbsp;Valentina Fioravanti ,&nbsp;Gaetano Salomone ,&nbsp;Giacomo Argenziano ,&nbsp;Rossella Sabadini ,&nbsp;Giulia Toschi ,&nbsp;Ottavia Iotti ,&nbsp;Isabella Campanini ,&nbsp;Andrea Merlo ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Cavazzuti ,&nbsp;Benedetta Damiano ,&nbsp;Sara Scaltriti ,&nbsp;Augusto Scaglioni ,&nbsp;Jefri J. Paul ,&nbsp;Peter Bauer ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Biagini ,&nbsp;Francesco Cavallieri","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In recent years, retinal structural changes have attracted considerable attention as a potential biomarker of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Several studies have reported a reduced Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (pRNFL) thickness in patients with PD compared with age-matched controls. However, potential retinal differences between “idiopathic” PD and GBA1-associated PD (GBA-PD) remain largely unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-center observational study, we enrolled 59 PD patients: 32 GBA-PD and 27 non-mutated (NM-PD). A comprehensive clinical assessment included MoCA, MDS-UPDRS and Hoehn-Yahr. Spectral-domain OCT measured pRNFL thickness at 3.5, 4.1 and 4.7 mm diameters across six sectors. Statistical analysis assessed intergroup differences and associations with clinical variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NM-PD exhibited significantly thinner temporal sectors compared to GBA-PD (p &lt; .05, Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test). In NM-PD, positive correlations emerged between temporal-superior pRNFL and MoCA scores, in line with previous studies, and, more surprisingly, between nasal-inferior sector and MDS-UPDRS part-IV. No robust associations with clinical variables were found in GBA-PD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates differences in retinal thickness between GBA-PD and NM-PD. In particular, a lower pRNFL in NM-PD may be the product of a different pathophysiological mechanism. Moreover, sector-specific retinal thickness showed correlations to cognitive impairment and motor complications in NM-PD. These observations provide novel insights into genotype-specific mechanisms of neurodegeneration in PD and suggest that retinal imaging may offer a window into both cognitive and motor complications. Further longitudinal studies, including healthy controls and expanded retinal layer analyses, are needed to confirm and expand these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 108134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of best practice advisory on reducing contraindicated medications in hospitalized patients with Parkinson's disease 最佳实践建议对减少住院帕金森病患者禁忌症用药的影响
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108129
Zhimin Xu , Andy Jiang , Nishitha Bujala , Ariel Sackonvitz , Colleen Bond , Carolin Dohle , Katherine Amodeo

Background

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) face heightened risks during hospitalization, including prolonged hospital stay and discharge to higher levels of care. Possible contributing factors include non-adherence to home medication regimens and administration of contraindicated medications.

Objective

To evaluate the impact of Best Practice Advisory (BPA), integration into Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) aimed at minimizing the prescription of contraindicated dopamine blocking agents (DBA) in hospitalized PD patients.

Methods

This is a single center, retrospective, cohort study comparing frequency of administration of contraindicated medications before and after implementation of a BPA at Westchester Medical Center (WMC) between January 2023 and July 2024. The primary outcome is the prescription of DBA. Secondary outcomes included discharge level of care, and hospital length of stay.

Results

Two-hundred and eleven charts were reviewed, and patients with confirmed diagnosis of PD or related Parkinsonism, who were prescribed dopaminergic medications at the time of admission were included. After BPA implementation, there was a statistically significant drop in rates of contraindicated prescriptions for psychosis and antiemetics, 33.33 %–2.86 % (p < 0.001) and 11.11 %–0 % (p < 0.001), respectively. There were no significant changes in LOS or discharge to higher levels of care between periods.

Conclusion

Implementing a BPA effectively reduced the prescription of contraindicated medications for PD patients. This highlights the value of targeted BPAs in improving PD patient safety and lays the groundwork for further medication quality improvement initiatives aimed at optimizing inpatient care for this vulnerable population.
背景:帕金森病(PD)患者在住院期间面临更高的风险,包括延长住院时间和出院时接受更高水平的护理。可能的影响因素包括不遵守家庭用药方案和服用禁忌症药物。目的:评估最佳实践咨询(BPA)的影响,并将其整合到电子病历(EMRs)中,以最大限度地减少住院PD患者禁忌多巴胺阻断剂(DBA)的处方。方法:这是一项单中心、回顾性、队列研究,比较了2023年1月至2024年7月在Westchester Medical center (WMC)实施BPA前后禁忌症药物的使用频率。主要结果是DBA的处方。次要结局包括出院护理水平和住院时间。结果:我们回顾了211张图表,纳入了确诊为PD或相关帕金森病的患者,并在入院时服用了多巴胺能药物。实施双酚a后,精神病和止吐药的禁忌症处方率下降了33.33% - 2.86% (p)。结论:实施双酚a有效减少了PD患者的禁忌症药物处方。这突出了靶向双酚a在改善PD患者安全方面的价值,并为进一步提高药物质量的举措奠定了基础,旨在优化这一弱势群体的住院护理。
{"title":"Impact of best practice advisory on reducing contraindicated medications in hospitalized patients with Parkinson's disease","authors":"Zhimin Xu ,&nbsp;Andy Jiang ,&nbsp;Nishitha Bujala ,&nbsp;Ariel Sackonvitz ,&nbsp;Colleen Bond ,&nbsp;Carolin Dohle ,&nbsp;Katherine Amodeo","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) face heightened risks during hospitalization, including prolonged hospital stay and discharge to higher levels of care. Possible contributing factors include non-adherence to home medication regimens and administration of contraindicated medications.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the impact of Best Practice Advisory (BPA), integration into Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) aimed at minimizing the prescription of contraindicated dopamine blocking agents (DBA) in hospitalized PD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a single center, retrospective, cohort study comparing frequency of administration of contraindicated medications before and after implementation of a BPA at Westchester Medical Center (WMC) between January 2023 and July 2024. The primary outcome is the prescription of DBA. Secondary outcomes included discharge level of care, and hospital length of stay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two-hundred and eleven charts were reviewed, and patients with confirmed diagnosis of PD or related Parkinsonism, who were prescribed dopaminergic medications at the time of admission were included. After BPA implementation, there was a statistically significant drop in rates of contraindicated prescriptions for psychosis and antiemetics, 33.33 %–2.86 % (p &lt; 0.001) and 11.11 %–0 % (p &lt; 0.001), respectively. There were no significant changes in LOS or discharge to higher levels of care between periods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Implementing a BPA effectively reduced the prescription of contraindicated medications for PD patients. This highlights the value of targeted BPAs in improving PD patient safety and lays the groundwork for further medication quality improvement initiatives aimed at optimizing inpatient care for this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 108129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145669167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unraveling gait and balance impairment in cervical dystonia: associated features, functional implications, and the effect of botulinum toxin 颈椎肌张力障碍的步态和平衡障碍:相关特征、功能含义和肉毒杆菌毒素的影响
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108130
Silvia Galli , Claudia Ledda , Silvia Gallo , Maurizio Zibetti , Francesco Marenco , Marcello Campagnoli , Domiziana Rinaldi , Morena Giovannelli , Carlo Alberto Artusi , Gabriele Imbalzano , Leonardo Lopiano

Background

Cervical dystonia (CD) may affect not only head posture but also gait and balance. The relationship between quantitative gait abnormalities and perceived disability, the contribution of head tremor (HT) and the impact of botulinum toxin (BoNT) on these disturbances remain unclear.

Methods

We analyzed gait and balance in twenty-one CD patients (nine with HT) and twenty-two healthy controls (HC) by wearable sensors. Validated scales for CD severity, pain and quality of life (Tsui; TWSTRS-2; CDQ24; CDIP58) were used and CD patients re-evaluated one month after BoNT. Functional impact of gait impairment was assessed by multivariate analyses.

Results

Compared with HC, CD patients showed reduced gait speed, cadence, and stride length, longer double-support time, greater stride-length variability (SLV), and increased postural sway (all p < 0.05). SLV was the only gait parameter associated with the CDIP58-Walking subscale (p = 0.003) and remained an independent predictor after age, sex, CD-duration and CD-severity adjustment (p = 0.035). Patients with HT had greater sway than those without tremor after adjusting for disease severity (p = 0.038). All gait and balance parameters were similar after BoNT, except for reduced gait asymmetry. In the HT subgroup, sway improved significantly (p = 0.011).

Conclusions

This study confirms subtle gait and balance abnormalities in CD, with SLV emerging as a potential biomarker of functional impairment. HT appears to exacerbate balance dysfunction, while BoNT may partly improve sway in this subgroup. These findings suggest that sensor-based gait analysis may complement clinical evaluation and guide management in CD.
背景:颈肌张力障碍(CD)不仅会影响头部姿势,还会影响步态和平衡。定量步态异常与感知残疾之间的关系,头震颤(HT)的贡献以及肉毒杆菌毒素(BoNT)对这些障碍的影响尚不清楚。方法采用可穿戴传感器对21例CD患者(9例合并HT)和22例健康对照(HC)的步态和平衡进行分析。使用经验证的CD严重程度、疼痛和生活质量量表(Tsui; TWSTRS-2; CDQ24; CDIP58),并在BoNT后一个月对CD患者进行重新评估。通过多变量分析评估步态障碍对功能的影响。结果与HC相比,CD患者的步速、步速、步幅均降低,双支撑时间延长,步幅变异性(SLV)增大,体位摇摆增加(p < 0.05)。SLV是唯一与cdip58步行亚量表相关的步态参数(p = 0.003),并且在年龄、性别、cd持续时间和cd严重程度调整后仍然是一个独立的预测因子(p = 0.035)。在调整疾病严重程度后,HT患者比无震颤患者有更大的摇摆(p = 0.038)。除步态不对称性减少外,BoNT后所有步态和平衡参数相似。在HT亚组中,摇摆明显改善(p = 0.011)。结论:本研究证实了CD患者微妙的步态和平衡异常,SLV可能是功能障碍的潜在生物标志物。HT似乎加剧了平衡功能障碍,而BoNT可能在一定程度上改善该亚组的摇摆。这些发现表明基于传感器的步态分析可以补充临床评估和指导CD的管理。
{"title":"Unraveling gait and balance impairment in cervical dystonia: associated features, functional implications, and the effect of botulinum toxin","authors":"Silvia Galli ,&nbsp;Claudia Ledda ,&nbsp;Silvia Gallo ,&nbsp;Maurizio Zibetti ,&nbsp;Francesco Marenco ,&nbsp;Marcello Campagnoli ,&nbsp;Domiziana Rinaldi ,&nbsp;Morena Giovannelli ,&nbsp;Carlo Alberto Artusi ,&nbsp;Gabriele Imbalzano ,&nbsp;Leonardo Lopiano","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cervical dystonia (CD) may affect not only head posture but also gait and balance. The relationship between quantitative gait abnormalities and perceived disability, the contribution of head tremor (HT) and the impact of botulinum toxin (BoNT) on these disturbances remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed gait and balance in twenty-one CD patients (nine with HT) and twenty-two healthy controls (HC) by wearable sensors. Validated scales for CD severity, pain and quality of life (Tsui; TWSTRS-2; CDQ24; CDIP58) were used and CD patients re-evaluated one month after BoNT. Functional impact of gait impairment was assessed by multivariate analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with HC, CD patients showed reduced gait speed, cadence, and stride length, longer double-support time, greater stride-length variability (SLV), and increased postural sway (all p &lt; 0.05). SLV was the only gait parameter associated with the CDIP58-Walking subscale (p = 0.003) and remained an independent predictor after age, sex, CD-duration and CD-severity adjustment (p = 0.035). Patients with HT had greater sway than those without tremor after adjusting for disease severity (p = 0.038). All gait and balance parameters were similar after BoNT, except for reduced gait asymmetry. In the HT subgroup, sway improved significantly (p = 0.011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms subtle gait and balance abnormalities in CD, with SLV emerging as a potential biomarker of functional impairment. HT appears to exacerbate balance dysfunction, while BoNT may partly improve sway in this subgroup. These findings suggest that sensor-based gait analysis may complement clinical evaluation and guide management in CD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 108130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phenotypic heterogeneity in P102L Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease: A case of spastic paraparesis with ataxia. P102L Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker疾病的表型异质性:痉挛性截瘫伴共济失调1例。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108131
Karla Salinas-Barboza, Juan Manuel Altamirano
{"title":"Phenotypic heterogeneity in P102L Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease: A case of spastic paraparesis with ataxia.","authors":"Karla Salinas-Barboza, Juan Manuel Altamirano","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":" ","pages":"108131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protective or Pathogenic? Kinase activity and the neurodevelopmental origins of G2019S LRRK2-Associated Parkinson's disease 保护性还是致病性?G2019S lrrk2相关帕金森病的激酶活性和神经发育起源
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108133
Emilia M. Gatto , Alberto J. Espay , Melisa Espindola , Gustavo Da Prat , Marcelo A. Kauffman
Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most common monogenic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD), with the p.Gly2019Ser (G2019S) variant being particularly prevalent. The LRRK2 gene encodes a large, multi-domain protein (LRRK2) belonging to the Roco family, possessing both kinase and GTPase activities. Because normal LRRK2 function is critical for neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, vesicle trafficking, mitochondrial homeostasis, and neuroinflammatory pathways, pathogenic LRRK2 variants likely impair these functions. This is supported by rodent models and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) studies suggesting that G2019S LRRK2 variants accelerate neuronal differentiation and disrupt synaptic function early in development, while kinase overactivity (phosphorylation of various substrates) is critical during normal embryonic growth. Contrary to the dominant gain-of-toxic-function hypothesis, these observations support an alternative loss-of-function framework, whereby increased kinase activity may be a compensatory cellular strategy to counteract the loss or alteration of the homeostatic and neurodevelopmental functions associated with G2019S LRRK2. If validated by further studies, including ongoing LRRK2 kinase inhibitor trials, future LRRK2-PD therapeutic strategies may shift from broad kinase inhibition toward individualized modulation of specific LRRK2-mediated impairments, such as vesicle trafficking, mitochondrial integrity, or microglial dysfunction. Such an approach would recognize LRRK2-PD not as a single entity but as a biologically heterogeneous group of PD subtypes.
富亮氨酸重复激酶2 (LRRK2)基因突变是帕金森病(PD)最常见的单基因原因,其中p.Gly2019Ser (G2019S)变体尤为普遍。LRRK2基因编码一个大的多结构域蛋白(LRRK2),属于Roco家族,具有激酶和GTPase活性。由于正常的LRRK2功能对神经元发育、突触可塑性、囊泡运输、线粒体稳态和神经炎症通路至关重要,致病性LRRK2变异可能会损害这些功能。啮齿动物模型和诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)研究支持这一观点,表明G2019S LRRK2变异体在发育早期加速神经元分化并破坏突触功能,而激酶过度活性(各种基质的磷酸化)在正常胚胎生长过程中至关重要。与主要的毒性功能获得假说相反,这些观察结果支持另一种功能丧失框架,即增加激酶活性可能是一种代偿性细胞策略,以抵消与G2019S LRRK2相关的稳态和神经发育功能的丧失或改变。如果得到进一步研究的验证,包括正在进行的LRRK2激酶抑制剂试验,未来的LRRK2- pd治疗策略可能会从广泛的激酶抑制转向个体化调节特定的LRRK2介导的损伤,如囊泡运输、线粒体完整性或小胶质细胞功能障碍。这样的方法将识别LRRK2-PD不是作为一个单一的实体,而是作为PD亚型的生物学异质性组。
{"title":"Protective or Pathogenic? Kinase activity and the neurodevelopmental origins of G2019S LRRK2-Associated Parkinson's disease","authors":"Emilia M. Gatto ,&nbsp;Alberto J. Espay ,&nbsp;Melisa Espindola ,&nbsp;Gustavo Da Prat ,&nbsp;Marcelo A. Kauffman","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (<em>LRRK2</em>) gene are the most common monogenic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD), with the p.Gly2019Ser (G2019S) variant being particularly prevalent. The <em>LRRK2</em> gene encodes a large, multi-domain protein (LRRK2) belonging to the Roco family, possessing both kinase and GTPase activities. Because normal LRRK2 function is critical for neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, vesicle trafficking, mitochondrial homeostasis, and neuroinflammatory pathways, pathogenic <em>LRRK2</em> variants likely impair these functions. This is supported by rodent models and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) studies suggesting that G2019S <em>LRRK2</em> variants accelerate neuronal differentiation and disrupt synaptic function early in development, while kinase overactivity (phosphorylation of various substrates) is critical during normal embryonic growth. Contrary to the dominant gain-of-toxic-function hypothesis, these observations support an alternative loss-of-function framework, whereby increased kinase activity may be a compensatory cellular strategy to counteract the loss or alteration of the homeostatic and neurodevelopmental functions associated with G2019S <em>LRRK2</em>. If validated by further studies, including ongoing LRRK2 kinase inhibitor trials, future LRRK2-PD therapeutic strategies may shift from broad kinase inhibition toward individualized modulation of specific LRRK2-mediated impairments, such as vesicle trafficking, mitochondrial integrity, or microglial dysfunction. Such an approach would recognize LRRK2-PD not as a single entity but as a biologically heterogeneous group of PD subtypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 108133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145678406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identifying the “Sweet Spot” for GPi DBS Programming 确定GPi DBS编程的“最佳点”
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108132
Lubna Jafri , Jessica Tate , Mary Ann Thenganatt , Deepal Shah-Zamora , Adrian Laxton , Stephen B. Tatter , Mustafa S. Siddiqui

Introduction

Clinical success of deep brain stimulation (DBS) depends on accurate electrode placement and stimulation within the brain targets. This study aims to explore the optimal stimulation site in the globus pallidus interna (GPi) to address the existing knowledge gap.

Methods

A retrospective chart review included Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who underwent GPi DBS between 2020 and 22 at our institution. We used stimulation data at six months post-op to generate a stimulation field model (SFM) for each lead and aggregated to generate volumetric stimulation heatmaps. Primary outcome measure was Clinical Global Impression-Change (CGI-C) scale, determined by response in contralateral tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia, correlated with SFM to generate ideal locations for stimulation in GPi. The secondary outcome measures were difference in pre- and post-DBS Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) III scores.

Results

Twenty-two PD patients with 36 GPi leads were included. Mean age: 64 ± 8.5 years; 67 % were male. For right GPi leads, 11/16 (69 %) had CGI-C of 1 and 5/16 (31 %) had 2. For left GPi leads, 13/20 (65 %) and 7/20 (35 %) had CGI-C of 1 and 2, respectively. MDS-UPDRS improved from 33.5 to 19.7 (41 %) post-op (p = 0.0003) with significant reduction in levodopa equivalent dosage (p = 0.00043).

Conclusions

We identified the “sweet spot” corresponding with CGI-C of 1 in the postero-lateral and mid region of GPi on axial and coronal sequences, respectively. Our findings support the previously reported limited evidence in the literature and can be helpful in image-guided DBS programming in patients with PD.
脑深部电刺激(DBS)的临床成功取决于准确的电极放置和脑靶内刺激。本研究旨在探索内苍白球(GPi)的最佳刺激部位,以弥补现有的知识空白。方法回顾性分析了2020年至2022年间在我院接受GPi DBS治疗的帕金森病(PD)患者。我们利用术后6个月的增产数据为每个导联生成增产场模型(SFM),并汇总生成体积增产热图。主要结果测量是临床整体印象变化(CGI-C)量表,由对侧震颤、强直和运动迟缓的反应决定,与SFM相关,以产生GPi的理想刺激位置。次要结局指标是dbs前后运动障碍学会统一帕金森病评定量表(MDS-UPDRS) III评分的差异。结果共纳入PD患者22例,GPi导联36枚。平均年龄:64±8.5岁;67%为男性。对于右侧GPi导联,11/16(69%)的CGI-C为1,5/16(31%)的CGI-C为2。对于左侧GPi导联,13/20(65%)和7/20(35%)的CGI-C分别为1和2。MDS-UPDRS从术后33.5分提高到19.7分(41%)(p = 0.0003),左旋多巴当量剂量显著降低(p = 0.00043)。结论在轴位和冠状位序列上,我们分别在GPi的后外侧和中间区域找到了与CGI-C值为1对应的“甜蜜点”。我们的研究结果支持了先前文献中报道的有限证据,并且可以帮助PD患者的图像引导DBS规划。
{"title":"Identifying the “Sweet Spot” for GPi DBS Programming","authors":"Lubna Jafri ,&nbsp;Jessica Tate ,&nbsp;Mary Ann Thenganatt ,&nbsp;Deepal Shah-Zamora ,&nbsp;Adrian Laxton ,&nbsp;Stephen B. Tatter ,&nbsp;Mustafa S. Siddiqui","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Clinical success of deep brain stimulation (DBS) depends on accurate electrode placement and stimulation within the brain targets. This study aims to explore the optimal stimulation site in the globus pallidus interna (GPi) to address the existing knowledge gap.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective chart review included Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who underwent GPi DBS between 2020 and 22 at our institution. We used stimulation data at six months post-op to generate a stimulation field model (SFM) for each lead and aggregated to generate volumetric stimulation heatmaps. Primary outcome measure was Clinical Global Impression-Change (CGI-C) scale, determined by response in contralateral tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia, correlated with SFM to generate ideal locations for stimulation in GPi. The secondary outcome measures were difference in pre- and post-DBS Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) III scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two PD patients with 36 GPi leads were included. Mean age: 64 ± 8.5 years; 67 % were male. For right GPi leads, 11/16 (69 %) had CGI-C of 1 and 5/16 (31 %) had 2. For left GPi leads, 13/20 (65 %) and 7/20 (35 %) had CGI-C of 1 and 2, respectively. MDS-UPDRS improved from 33.5 to 19.7 (41 %) post-op (p = 0.0003) with significant reduction in levodopa equivalent dosage (p = 0.00043).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified the “sweet spot” corresponding with CGI-C of 1 in the postero-lateral and mid region of GPi on axial and coronal sequences, respectively. Our findings support the previously reported limited evidence in the literature and can be helpful in image-guided DBS programming in patients with PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 108132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation (TPS) as a potential “add-on” intervention in patients with Parkinson's disease 经颅脉冲刺激(TPS)作为帕金森病患者潜在的“附加”干预措施的效果
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108128
Paolo Manganotti , Marco Liccari , Tiziana Maria Isabella Lombardo , Jacopo Della Toffola , Valentina Cenacchi , Miloš Ajčević , Mauro Catalan , Pierpaolo Busan
{"title":"Effects of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation (TPS) as a potential “add-on” intervention in patients with Parkinson's disease","authors":"Paolo Manganotti ,&nbsp;Marco Liccari ,&nbsp;Tiziana Maria Isabella Lombardo ,&nbsp;Jacopo Della Toffola ,&nbsp;Valentina Cenacchi ,&nbsp;Miloš Ajčević ,&nbsp;Mauro Catalan ,&nbsp;Pierpaolo Busan","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 108128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two homozygous KIF1C variants in a Turkish family presenting with cerebellar dysfunction and spastic paraparesis with MRI findings 两个纯合子KIF1C变异在土耳其家庭表现为小脑功能障碍和痉挛性截瘫的MRI结果
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108127
Gullu Tarhan , Sahinde Fazilet Hiz , Busra Elif Inanir , Gulsah Simsir , Seyma Tekgul , Ayse Nazlı Basak , Sebahat Nacar Dogan
{"title":"Two homozygous KIF1C variants in a Turkish family presenting with cerebellar dysfunction and spastic paraparesis with MRI findings","authors":"Gullu Tarhan ,&nbsp;Sahinde Fazilet Hiz ,&nbsp;Busra Elif Inanir ,&nbsp;Gulsah Simsir ,&nbsp;Seyma Tekgul ,&nbsp;Ayse Nazlı Basak ,&nbsp;Sebahat Nacar Dogan","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 108127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Levodopa consumption in sleep: A novel parasomnia in Parkinson's disease 睡眠中的左旋多巴消耗:帕金森病中一种新的睡眠异常
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108122
Shreyashi Jha, Mandar S. Jog
{"title":"Levodopa consumption in sleep: A novel parasomnia in Parkinson's disease","authors":"Shreyashi Jha,&nbsp;Mandar S. Jog","doi":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.108122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19970,"journal":{"name":"Parkinsonism & related disorders","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 108122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Parkinsonism & related disorders
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1