Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.4900
Javeria Alvi, A. Wasim, Mohsin Ali, M. A. Khalily, Z. Rehman, T. Sultan
Objective: To determine the outcome of Refractory Status Epilepticus (RSE) in children and the factors affecting the outcome. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: High Dependency Unit of Pediatrics Neurology Department at the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, from Aug 2019 to Mar 2020. Methodology: This study was conducted on the children presenting with refractory status epilepticus. Structured proforma was used for recording predictive factors. Modified Rankin scale prior to the presentation and Glasgow Coma Scale at presentation were documented and compared with the discharge scores. Results: Out of 75 children, 46 (61.4%) were males with mean age of 4.43 ± 3.47 years. Common etiologies were acute symptomatic in 37 (49.3%), progressive encephalopathy in 19 (25.3%), static encephalopathy in 9 (11.9%), remote symptomatic in 4 (5.3%), acute on remote symptomatic in 3 (4.0%), idiopathic and unclassified in remaining patients. Mean time between seizures onset and first benzodiazepine injection was 44 ± 36 minutes. Duration of RSE was <24 hours in 17 (22.7%), 24-48 hours in 15 (20.0%), 48-72 hours in 14 (18.6%), 72-96 hours in 12 (16%) and >96 hours in 17 (22.7%). At discharge 33 (44%) returned to baseline, 31 (41%) developed neurological disability while 11 (15%) expired during the stay. Etiology and duration of status epilepticus had significant impact on outcome with p-value of 0.021 and 0.041, respectively. Conclusion: Acute etiology was associated with higher mortality whereas return to baseline was also fair among survivors. This poses implications for emergency management to significantly............
{"title":"OUTCOMES OF REFRACTORY STATUS EPILEPTICUS IN CHILDREN","authors":"Javeria Alvi, A. Wasim, Mohsin Ali, M. A. Khalily, Z. Rehman, T. Sultan","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.4900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.4900","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the outcome of Refractory Status Epilepticus (RSE) in children and the factors affecting the outcome. \u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study. \u0000 Place and Duration of Study: High Dependency Unit of Pediatrics Neurology Department at the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, from Aug 2019 to Mar 2020. \u0000 Methodology: This study was conducted on the children presenting with refractory status epilepticus. Structured proforma was used for recording predictive factors. Modified Rankin scale prior to the presentation and Glasgow Coma Scale at presentation were documented and compared with the discharge scores. \u0000Results: Out of 75 children, 46 (61.4%) were males with mean age of 4.43 ± 3.47 years. Common etiologies were acute symptomatic in 37 (49.3%), progressive encephalopathy in 19 (25.3%), static encephalopathy in 9 (11.9%), remote symptomatic in 4 (5.3%), acute on remote symptomatic in 3 (4.0%), idiopathic and unclassified in remaining patients. Mean time between seizures onset and first benzodiazepine injection was 44 ± 36 minutes. Duration of RSE was <24 hours in 17 (22.7%), 24-48 hours in 15 (20.0%), 48-72 hours in 14 (18.6%), 72-96 hours in 12 (16%) and >96 hours in 17 (22.7%). At discharge 33 (44%) returned to baseline, 31 (41%) developed neurological disability while 11 (15%) expired during the stay. Etiology and duration of status epilepticus had significant impact on outcome with p-value of 0.021 and 0.041, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Acute etiology was associated with higher mortality whereas return to baseline was also fair among survivors. This poses implications for emergency management to significantly............","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87721974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71isuppl-3.4298
S. Aslam, A. Asghar, S. Bukhari, S. Akhtar, H. Mumtaz, Muhammad Waseem
Objective: To see graft uptake success rate in platelet rich fibrin aided underlay myringoplasties using temporalis fascia graft compared to conventional underlay myringoplasties. Study Design: Double blind randomized controlled trial study. Place and Duration of Study: ENT department, Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital, from Jan to Jun 2019. Methodology: Sixty cases with dry central tympanic membrane perforations were recruited. The patients suffering from sensori-neural hearing loss and co-morbidities like diabetes were excluded. The sampling technique was probability simple random. Patients were divided into two groups by lottery method. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS. The chi square test was applied to calculate p-value. Results: Out of total 60 patients 38 were males and 22 were females. Study group’s (Fibrin) mean age was 31.77 ± 12.43 years and Control group’s mean age was 27.53 ± 11.41 years. All the patients in platelet rich fibrin group had successful graft uptake at 2 months follow-up. In control group with conventional technique 23 out of 30 patients had successful graft uptake and rest 7 patients had different issues leading to graft rejection. Conclusion: In under lay myringoplasty procedure, application of platelet rich fibrin on temporalis fascia graft edge and perforation edges has significantly improved the successful uptake rate of graft.
{"title":"ROLE OF FIBRIN GLUE FOR BETTER SUCCESS RATE IN MYRINGOPLASTY","authors":"S. Aslam, A. Asghar, S. Bukhari, S. Akhtar, H. Mumtaz, Muhammad Waseem","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v71isuppl-3.4298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71isuppl-3.4298","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To see graft uptake success rate in platelet rich fibrin aided underlay myringoplasties using temporalis fascia graft compared to conventional underlay myringoplasties. \u0000Study Design: Double blind randomized controlled trial study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: ENT department, Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital, from Jan to Jun 2019. \u0000Methodology: Sixty cases with dry central tympanic membrane perforations were recruited. The patients suffering from sensori-neural hearing loss and co-morbidities like diabetes were excluded. The sampling technique was probability simple random. Patients were divided into two groups by lottery method. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS. The chi square test was applied to calculate p-value. \u0000Results: Out of total 60 patients 38 were males and 22 were females. Study group’s (Fibrin) mean age was 31.77 ± 12.43 years and Control group’s mean age was 27.53 ± 11.41 years. All the patients in platelet rich fibrin group had successful graft uptake at 2 months follow-up. In control group with conventional technique 23 out of 30 patients had successful graft uptake and rest 7 patients had different issues leading to graft rejection. \u0000Conclusion: In under lay myringoplasty procedure, application of platelet rich fibrin on temporalis fascia graft edge and perforation edges has significantly improved the successful uptake rate of graft.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84060024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.5809
S. Saleem, Shabnam Hamid, Maria Iram, Abdul Basit Jilani, Faiza Umbreen, Iram Zakria
Objective: To study the effect of fine particulate matter exposure in instigating depressive-like response and total body weight changes in C57BL/6J mice. Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with the Military Hospital, Rawalpindi and the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, from Jun to Sep 2020. Methodology: Thirty male and female C57BL/6 mice, 8 weeks of age, weighing 37 ± 2 gm were obtained from NIH, Islamabad. They were retained in separate cages in the animal house of NIH under standard laboratory conditions. The animals were divided into two groups, 15 mice in each group (8 males and 7 females) Group A was marked as control, received regular diet and water ad libitum. Group B (experimental group) received dynamic inhalation of 3 mg/m³ fine particles (soot) through air circulation for 6h/d for 12 weeks, in a plastic cabin measuring 2x2x2 feet fitted with two small fans for evenly distribution of PM. The initial and final weight of animals was recorded, and a tail suspension test was performed to assessdepression in form of immobility. Result: The experimental group after exposure to fine particulate matter showed decreased activity and behavioural deficits with p-value <0.001 and loss in total body weight as compared to the control group with a p-value <0.001. Conclusion: Fine particulate matter has a significant effect on behaviour and cognition. It also causes a decrease in the total body weight of animals due to stress and agitation.
{"title":"EFFECT OF FINE PARTICULATE MATTER EXPOSURE ON TRIGGERING DEPRESSIVE-LIKE RESPONSE AND TOTAL BODY WEIGHT IN C57BL/6J MICE","authors":"S. Saleem, Shabnam Hamid, Maria Iram, Abdul Basit Jilani, Faiza Umbreen, Iram Zakria","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.5809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.5809","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the effect of fine particulate matter exposure in instigating depressive-like response and total body weight changes in C57BL/6J mice. \u0000Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with the Military Hospital, Rawalpindi and the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, from Jun to Sep 2020. \u0000Methodology: Thirty male and female C57BL/6 mice, 8 weeks of age, weighing 37 ± 2 gm were obtained from NIH, Islamabad. They were retained in separate cages in the animal house of NIH under standard laboratory conditions. The animals were divided into two groups, 15 mice in each group (8 males and 7 females) Group A was marked as control, received regular diet and water ad libitum. Group B (experimental group) received dynamic inhalation of 3 mg/m³ fine particles (soot) through air circulation for 6h/d for 12 weeks, in a plastic cabin measuring 2x2x2 feet fitted with two small fans for evenly distribution of PM. The initial and final weight of animals was recorded, and a tail suspension test was performed to assessdepression in form of immobility. \u0000Result: The experimental group after exposure to fine particulate matter showed decreased activity and behavioural deficits with p-value <0.001 and loss in total body weight as compared to the control group with a p-value <0.001. \u0000Conclusion: Fine particulate matter has a significant effect on behaviour and cognition. It also causes a decrease in the total body weight of animals due to stress and agitation.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85897464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3589
Musab Bin Noor, A. W. Butt, W. Iqbal, Maimuna Rashid
Objectives: To compare the mean improvement in pain on Visual Analogue Scale by Suprascapular Nerve block and Intra-articular steroid injection in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Place and Duration of Study: Pain Clinic, Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Rawalpindi from 25th October 2017 to 24th April 2018 Patients & Methods: 60 patients with CVA and shoulder pain on hemiplegic side for at least 2 weeks were included in study after non-probability consecutive sampling after meeting inclusion criteria. Subjects were randomized by lottery into two groups; Group A receiving Suprascapular Nerve block with 5ml of 1% Lignocaine with Group B receiving Intra-articular 40mg Triamcinolone Acetonide plus 1 ml of 1% Lignocaine injections. Mean change in pain scores on VAS was calculated between score at baseline and at 4 weeks post-intervention Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 59.17 ± 9.81 years and in group B was 39.96 ± 11.11 years. Out of 60 patients, 34 (56.67%) were males and 26 (43.33%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Mean duration of stroke was 7.50 ± 2.66 months. Mean pain change on VAS in Group A (Suprascapular Nerve block) was 3.83 ± 1.12 cm while in Group B (Intra-articular steroid injection) it was 2.17 ± 0.99 cm (p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion: This study concluded that Suprascapular Nerve block offered better improvement in hemiplegic shoulder pain on Visual Analogue Scale at 4 weeks as compared to intraarticular steroid injection.
目的:比较肩胛上神经阻滞和关节内类固醇注射对偏瘫肩痛患者视觉模拟疼痛评分的平均改善程度。研究设计:随机对照试验地点和研究时间:2017年10月25日至2018年4月24日，拉瓦尔品第武装部队康复医学研究所疼痛诊所。患者和方法:60例CVA和偏瘫侧肩部疼痛至少2周的患者在符合纳入标准后进行非概率连续抽样纳入研究。受试者随机分为两组;A组给予1%利多卡因5ml的肩膜上神经阻滞，B组给予曲安奈德40mg关节内加1%利多卡因1ml注射。结果:A组患者的平均年龄为59.17±9.81岁，B组患者的平均年龄为39.96±11.11岁。60例患者中，男性34例(56.67%)，女性26例(43.33%)，男女比例为1.3:1。平均脑卒中持续时间为7.50±2.66个月。VAS平均疼痛变化A组(肩胛上神经阻滞组)为3.83±1.12 cm, B组(关节内类固醇注射组)为2.17±0.99 cm (p值= 0.0001)。结论:与关节内类固醇注射相比，肩胛上神经阻滞在4周时对偏瘫肩关节疼痛有更好的改善。
{"title":"A COMPARISON OF SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE BLOCK VS INTRAARTICULAR STEROID INJECTION IN IMPROVEMENT OF HEMIPLEGIC SHOULDER PAIN","authors":"Musab Bin Noor, A. W. Butt, W. Iqbal, Maimuna Rashid","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3589","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To compare the mean improvement in pain on Visual Analogue Scale by Suprascapular Nerve block and Intra-articular steroid injection in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain. \u0000Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Pain Clinic, Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Rawalpindi from 25th October 2017 to 24th April 2018 \u0000Patients & Methods: 60 patients with CVA and shoulder pain on hemiplegic side for at least 2 weeks were included in study after non-probability consecutive sampling after meeting inclusion criteria. Subjects were randomized by lottery into two groups; Group A receiving Suprascapular Nerve block with 5ml of 1% Lignocaine with Group B receiving Intra-articular 40mg Triamcinolone Acetonide plus 1 ml of 1% Lignocaine injections. Mean change in pain scores on VAS was calculated between score at baseline and at 4 weeks post-intervention \u0000Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 59.17 ± 9.81 years and in group B was 39.96 ± 11.11 years. Out of 60 patients, 34 (56.67%) were males and 26 (43.33%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Mean duration of stroke was 7.50 ± 2.66 months. Mean pain change on VAS in Group A (Suprascapular Nerve block) was 3.83 ± 1.12 cm while in Group B (Intra-articular steroid injection) it was 2.17 ± 0.99 cm (p-value = 0.0001). \u0000Conclusion: This study concluded that Suprascapular Nerve block offered better improvement in hemiplegic shoulder pain on Visual Analogue Scale at 4 weeks as compared to intraarticular steroid injection.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73457522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v1i1.6039
Uzair Mushahid, Sayed Nusrat Raza, Muhammad Ali, Shoaib Ahmed, Abdul Hakim, Shakeel Ahmed
Objective: To apply the St Thomas’ Hospital (STH) classification of round window type, in a Pakistani pediatric population undergoing cochlear implantation, and rate the inter observer variability of applying this classification. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Apr 2019 to Dec 2020. Methodology: Patients were examined per-operatively by a panel of four surgeons after "optimal" posterior tympanotomy for round window variations, as per STH classification of approachability of RWM. The observations of the four surgeons were recorded and interobserver variation was assessed and analyzed. Results: A total of 100 patients were operated, 45 females and 55 males. Mean age was 3.8 years. There was minimal inter observer variability with regards to round window type and extent of "optimal" posterior tympanotomy. Three patients had type I, 76 had type IIA, 15 had type IIB and 6 patients had type III. Round window insertion/membranous cochleostomy was possible in 70 patients, whereas the rest require extended round window approach or bony cochleostomy. Conclusion: The STH classification is a useful predictor of route of CI electrode insertion and most patients can undergo RW insertion with confidence based on minimal variation between surgeons when applying the STH classification as well as when deciding the extent of surgical exposure.
{"title":"VARIATIONS IN ACCESSIBILITY OF ROUND WINDOW VIA POSTERIOR TYMPANOTOMY APPROACH IN COCHLEAR IMPLANT SURGERY","authors":"Uzair Mushahid, Sayed Nusrat Raza, Muhammad Ali, Shoaib Ahmed, Abdul Hakim, Shakeel Ahmed","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v1i1.6039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v1i1.6039","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To apply the St Thomas’ Hospital (STH) classification of round window type, in a Pakistani pediatric population undergoing cochlear implantation, and rate the inter observer variability of applying this classification. \u0000Study Design: Cross sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Apr 2019 to Dec 2020. \u0000Methodology: Patients were examined per-operatively by a panel of four surgeons after \"optimal\" posterior tympanotomy for round window variations, as per STH classification of approachability of RWM. The observations of the four surgeons were recorded and interobserver variation was assessed and analyzed. \u0000Results: A total of 100 patients were operated, 45 females and 55 males. Mean age was 3.8 years. There was minimal inter observer variability with regards to round window type and extent of \"optimal\" posterior tympanotomy. Three patients had type I, 76 had type IIA, 15 had type IIB and 6 patients had type III. Round window insertion/membranous cochleostomy was possible in 70 patients, whereas the rest require extended round window approach or bony cochleostomy. \u0000Conclusion: The STH classification is a useful predictor of route of CI electrode insertion and most patients can undergo RW insertion with confidence based on minimal variation between surgeons when applying the STH classification as well as when deciding the extent of surgical exposure.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"19 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72593519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v1i1.4159
Muhammad Ali, S. Attiq, Sayed Nusrat Raza, Abdul Hakim, Shakeel Ahmed, Shaukat Ali, Farhan Akbar, Syed Waqar Abbas
Objective: To analyze the frequency and sites of bone erosion on computerized tomograghy scan in Allergic Fungal Rhinosinustis in Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, Malir Karachi and Rawalpindi, from Jan 2010 to Dec 2019. Methodology: Total 230 cases of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis were screened, out of which 85 patients having bone erosions on computerized tomograpghy scan were included in the study. Bone erosion in different paranasal sinuses and their sub sites were evaluated. Depending upon the number of bone erosion, patients were divided into three categories as mild, moderate and severe. Those having erosion at a single site were labelled as mild, those with two sub sites of erosion as moderate and those with more than two subsites of erosion were labelled as severe cases. Results: Detailed evaluation of computerized tomography scan of paranasal sinuses revealed bone erosion in 85/230 (36.9%) cases. Mean affected age was 23.96 ± 12.71 years. There were 52 (61.1%) males and 33 (38.9%) females. Ethmoid sinus was the most commonly involved sinus to have bone erosions 55 (38.19%) followed by maxillary sinus 38 (26.38%) then sphenoid sinus 27 (18.75%) and lastly frontal sinus 24 (16.6%). Out of 85 patients 48 (56.1%) were having mild, 22 (25.8%) moderate and 15 (17.6%) had severe disease. Conclusion: Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis has high frequency of bone erosion. Computerized tomography scan is an important and effective investigation in finding these bony erosions and ethmoid sinus is the.....
{"title":"FREQUENCY OF BONE EROSION ON COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPGHY SCAN IN ALLERGIC FUNGAL RHINOSINUSITIS","authors":"Muhammad Ali, S. Attiq, Sayed Nusrat Raza, Abdul Hakim, Shakeel Ahmed, Shaukat Ali, Farhan Akbar, Syed Waqar Abbas","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v1i1.4159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v1i1.4159","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the frequency and sites of bone erosion on computerized tomograghy scan in Allergic Fungal Rhinosinustis in Pakistan. \u0000Study Design: Retrospective observational study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, Malir Karachi and Rawalpindi, from Jan 2010 to Dec 2019. \u0000Methodology: Total 230 cases of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis were screened, out of which 85 patients having bone erosions on computerized tomograpghy scan were included in the study. Bone erosion in different paranasal sinuses and their sub sites were evaluated. Depending upon the number of bone erosion, patients were divided into three categories as mild, moderate and severe. Those having erosion at a single site were labelled as mild, those with two sub sites of erosion as moderate and those with more than two subsites of erosion were labelled as severe cases. \u0000Results: Detailed evaluation of computerized tomography scan of paranasal sinuses revealed bone erosion in 85/230 (36.9%) cases. Mean affected age was 23.96 ± 12.71 years. There were 52 (61.1%) males and 33 (38.9%) females. Ethmoid sinus was the most commonly involved sinus to have bone erosions 55 (38.19%) followed by maxillary sinus 38 (26.38%) then sphenoid sinus 27 (18.75%) and lastly frontal sinus 24 (16.6%). Out of 85 patients 48 (56.1%) were having mild, 22 (25.8%) moderate and 15 (17.6%) had severe disease. \u0000Conclusion: Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis has high frequency of bone erosion. Computerized tomography scan is an important and effective investigation in finding these bony erosions and ethmoid sinus is the.....","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75027313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3483
Uzma Nisar, Hina Nasir, A. Slehria, Abdur Rahim Rahim Palwa, R. Hussain, D. Khan
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of plasma D-dimer levels with findings of 128-slice spiral computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in patients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism. Study Design: Retrospective observational study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Computed Tomography, Armed Forces Institute of Radiology & Imaging, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018. Methodology: A total of 59 patients were inducted who presented in Emergency Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi with clinical suspicion of Pulmonary Embolism. The main symptoms were shortness of breath and chest pain. Plasma D-dimer levels of all patients were sent to laboratory and CTPA was performed at Computed Tomography department, Armed Forces Institute of Radiology & Imaging using 128-slice spiral computed tomography. Results: 36 patients (61%) were males and 23 (39%) were females with an average age of 48.03 ± 18.06 years (range 23-85 years). Out of 59 patients, D-dimer levels were raised in 28 cases (47.4%) while 31 patients (52.6%) showed normal levels. Pulmonary Embolism was detected by CTPA in 30 cases (50.8%) while 29 patients (49.2%) were without obvious abnormality. Conclusion: Plasma D-Dimer levels show low sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value and cannot exclude Pulmonary Embolism without CTPA. Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) remains diagnostic modality of choice for definitive assessment of Pulmonary Embolism in patients reporting at the emergency reception.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF 128-SLICE SPIRAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY PULMONARY ANGIOGRAPHY (CTPA) FINDINGS WITH PLASMA D-DIMER LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH CLINICAL SUSPICION OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM","authors":"Uzma Nisar, Hina Nasir, A. Slehria, Abdur Rahim Rahim Palwa, R. Hussain, D. Khan","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3483","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the effectiveness of plasma D-dimer levels with findings of 128-slice spiral computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in patients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism. \u0000Study Design: Retrospective observational study \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of Computed Tomography, Armed Forces Institute of Radiology & Imaging, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018. \u0000Methodology: A total of 59 patients were inducted who presented in Emergency Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi with clinical suspicion of Pulmonary Embolism. The main symptoms were shortness of breath and chest pain. Plasma D-dimer levels of all patients were sent to laboratory and CTPA was performed at Computed Tomography department, Armed Forces Institute of Radiology & Imaging using 128-slice spiral computed tomography. \u0000Results: 36 patients (61%) were males and 23 (39%) were females with an average age of 48.03 ± 18.06 years (range 23-85 years). Out of 59 patients, D-dimer levels were raised in 28 cases (47.4%) while 31 patients (52.6%) showed normal levels. Pulmonary Embolism was detected by CTPA in 30 cases (50.8%) while 29 patients (49.2%) were without obvious abnormality. \u0000Conclusion: Plasma D-Dimer levels show low sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value and cannot exclude Pulmonary Embolism without CTPA. Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) remains diagnostic modality of choice for definitive assessment of Pulmonary Embolism in patients reporting at the emergency reception.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84348026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3316
Syed Shehzad Hasnain, Syed Taokeer Ahmed Rizvi, I. Ashraf, Romesa Q Khan, W. Niazi, A. Rao
Objective: To determine the commonest site of non-suicidal self-inflicted firearm wound in comparison with accidental firearm wounds. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospitals Jhelum, Bannu & Kharian, from Nov 2014 to Nov 2018. Methodology: Sixty-four patients with firearm injuries were observed. All the participants were males between the ages of 18- 60 years. The injuries were determined to be either self-inflicted or accidental by an independent committee. The participants’ replies and responses were assessed by dividing them into five main domains by using quantitative software SPSS version 20. Variables involving demographic characteristics of participants such as age, occupation, marital and socioeconomic status, were associated with mental health variables such as psychological stress, previous history of self-harm and clinical psychiatric illness. Result: Fifteen subjects were found to have self-inflicted injuries and 50 had accidental injuries. There was a marked preference for left foot and left lower limb as a site for non-suicidal self-inflicted injuries (94.6%) as compared to other sites (left upper extremity 1.8%, chest 1.8% and right lower extremity 1.8%). Conclusions: Left lower limb and left foot was a more common site for self-injury as compared to the other sites.
目的:比较非自杀性火器伤与意外火器伤的最常见部位。研究设计:横断面研究。学习地点和时间:2014年11月至2018年11月，杰赫勒姆、班努和哈里安三军联合医院。方法:对64例火器伤患者进行观察。所有的参与者都是年龄在18- 60岁之间的男性。一个独立委员会确定这些伤害是自己造成的，还是意外造成的。通过使用定量软件SPSS version 20将参与者的回答和回应分为五个主要领域进行评估。涉及参与者人口统计学特征的变量，如年龄、职业、婚姻和社会经济地位，与心理健康变量，如心理压力、既往自残史和临床精神疾病相关。结果:自伤15例，意外伤害50例。与其他部位(左上肢1.8%、胸部1.8%和右下肢1.8%)相比，左脚和左下肢作为非自杀性自我伤害的部位明显更受欢迎(94.6%)。结论:与其他部位相比，左下肢和左脚是最常见的自伤部位。
{"title":"SELF-INFLICTED FIREARM INJURIES AS COMPARED TO THE ACCIDENTAL FIREARM INJURY; A COMPARATIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY TO DETERMINE THE COMMONEST SITE OF NON-SUICIDAL SELF-INFLICTED INJURIES","authors":"Syed Shehzad Hasnain, Syed Taokeer Ahmed Rizvi, I. Ashraf, Romesa Q Khan, W. Niazi, A. Rao","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.3316","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the commonest site of non-suicidal self-inflicted firearm wound in comparison with accidental firearm wounds. \u0000Study Design: Cross sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospitals Jhelum, Bannu & Kharian, from Nov 2014 to Nov 2018. \u0000Methodology: Sixty-four patients with firearm injuries were observed. All the participants were males between the ages of 18- 60 years. The injuries were determined to be either self-inflicted or accidental by an independent committee. The participants’ replies and responses were assessed by dividing them into five main domains by using quantitative software SPSS version 20. Variables involving demographic characteristics of participants such as age, occupation, marital and socioeconomic status, were associated with mental health variables such as psychological stress, previous history of self-harm and clinical psychiatric illness. \u0000Result: Fifteen subjects were found to have self-inflicted injuries and 50 had accidental injuries. There was a marked preference for left foot and left lower limb as a site for non-suicidal self-inflicted injuries (94.6%) as compared to other sites (left upper extremity 1.8%, chest 1.8% and right lower extremity 1.8%). \u0000Conclusions: Left lower limb and left foot was a more common site for self-injury as compared to the other sites.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86023646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.5163
Kiran Azim, A. M. Sheikh, Muhammad Masood Khokhar, Asma Kanwal, Touqeer Akbar, Shafaq Masood
Objective: To evaluate the level of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease in pre and post-surgical intervention period. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2019. Methodology: After written informed consent from parents and approval of hospital ethical committee 152 children and adolescents with congenital heart disease were included in the study. Demographic and clinical data was recorded on relevant proforma. In addition to clinical assessment the level of anxiety and depression were objectively measured with the help of Urdu version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale by the mental health specialist a day before and 15 days after surgery. Results: The mean age of participants was 14.5 ± 3.3 years. Out of 152 participants, 80 (52.6%) were females, while 72 (47.4%) were males. Level of anxiety and depression was found higher in the preoperative period being 44 (28.9%) and 52 (34.2%) which dropped significantly in the postoperative period to 16 (10.5%) and 8 (5.3%) respectively. Majority of the patients had Tetralogy of Fallot i.e., 52 (34.2%) followed by Ventricular Septal Defect in 24 (15.7%) and Atrial Septal Defect in 18 (11.2%). Females were more likely to have depression than males (p-value=0.01). Conclusion: We found significant decrease in anxiety and depression in the postoperative period.
{"title":"ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE BEFORE AND AFTER SURGICAL INTERVENTION PERIOD","authors":"Kiran Azim, A. M. Sheikh, Muhammad Masood Khokhar, Asma Kanwal, Touqeer Akbar, Shafaq Masood","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.5163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.5163","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the level of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease in pre and post-surgical intervention period. \u0000Study Design: Quasi experimental study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2019. \u0000Methodology: After written informed consent from parents and approval of hospital ethical committee 152 children and adolescents with congenital heart disease were included in the study. Demographic and clinical data was recorded on relevant proforma. In addition to clinical assessment the level of anxiety and depression were objectively measured with the help of Urdu version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale by the mental health specialist a day before and 15 days after surgery. \u0000Results: The mean age of participants was 14.5 ± 3.3 years. Out of 152 participants, 80 (52.6%) were females, while 72 (47.4%) were males. Level of anxiety and depression was found higher in the preoperative period being 44 (28.9%) and 52 (34.2%) which dropped significantly in the postoperative period to 16 (10.5%) and 8 (5.3%) respectively. Majority of the patients had Tetralogy of Fallot i.e., 52 (34.2%) followed by Ventricular Septal Defect in 24 (15.7%) and Atrial Septal Defect in 18 (11.2%). Females were more likely to have depression than males (p-value=0.01). \u0000Conclusion: We found significant decrease in anxiety and depression in the postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88294494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.7428
N. Mustafa, A. Maqsood
Objective: To translate and psychometrically validate the center for epidemiological studies for depression scale (CES-DC) for Pakistani children. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Various schools in Rawalpindi, from Feb to Mar 2021. Methodology: Present study comprised of translation, cross-language validation and investigation of psychometric properties of the scale into Urdu Language. Urdu translated version and strength and difficulty questionnaire were administered on 154 primary school children from various private schools situated in Rawalpindi district. Cronbach’s alpha reliability, item-total correlation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for analysis. Results: Results revealed that this scale had good internal consistency and reliability (Urdu-version α=0.73; English-version α = 0.65) along with correlation coefficients over a period of 15 days (r=0.96). Cronbach’s alpha value of scales was found to be fairly high (r=0.78 and r=0.81). Item-total correlation of translated scale was also satisfactory (ranged from 0.04-0.58) and Pearson’s correlation of translated version with strength and difficulty questionnaire indicated good convergent validity (r= 0.54; p<0.01). Conclusion: Results supported the feasibility, reliability and validity of the Urdu version of this scale to screen depression among Urdu speaking pediatric Pakistani population.
{"title":"VALIDATION OF URDU VERSION OF CENTER FOR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES FOR DEPRESSION SCALE FOR CHILDREN IN CONTEXT OF PAKISTAN","authors":"N. Mustafa, A. Maqsood","doi":"10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.7428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.7428","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To translate and psychometrically validate the center for epidemiological studies for depression scale (CES-DC) for Pakistani children. \u0000Study Design: Cross-sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Various schools in Rawalpindi, from Feb to Mar 2021. \u0000Methodology: Present study comprised of translation, cross-language validation and investigation of psychometric properties of the scale into Urdu Language. Urdu translated version and strength and difficulty questionnaire were administered on 154 primary school children from various private schools situated in Rawalpindi district. Cronbach’s alpha reliability, item-total correlation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for analysis. \u0000Results: Results revealed that this scale had good internal consistency and reliability (Urdu-version α=0.73; English-version α = 0.65) along with correlation coefficients over a period of 15 days (r=0.96). Cronbach’s alpha value of scales was found to be fairly high (r=0.78 and r=0.81). Item-total correlation of translated scale was also satisfactory (ranged from 0.04-0.58) and Pearson’s correlation of translated version with strength and difficulty questionnaire indicated good convergent validity (r= 0.54; p<0.01). \u0000Conclusion: Results supported the feasibility, reliability and validity of the Urdu version of this scale to screen depression among Urdu speaking pediatric Pakistani population.","PeriodicalId":19982,"journal":{"name":"PAFMJ","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91534211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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