Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e111260
Saif Aldeen Jaber
Objectives : The worldwide spreading of Covid-19 and the serious side effects associated with have pushed the scientist to study the several challenges produced after the end of the pandemic. Emotional health problems that airport workers have progressed after Covid-19 especially due to the high contact with people from different nationalities. The purpose of this research was to examine the level of anxiety of the selected population in the association with several factors like gender, age, and other demographical factors. Materials and methods : A 214 workers from Heathrow airport with 113 females and 101 males and with age range 20–50 were selected to the study. Different demographical factors were examined to see its relation with anxiety levels that resulted from Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). SPSS 28x was used to perform different statistical analysis test on the collected data. Results : Gender, experience, salary, and education were found to affect the level of anxiety significantly with a P -value lower or equal to 0.05 at confidence interval of 95%. Males were found to exert higher percentage of anxiety symptoms when compared with female. While salary above or lower than 30000$ was found to have a similar percentages and effect. On the other hand, experience played an important role to reduce anxiety, while education have increased the risk of anxiety. Conclusion : Different authorities and work locations including airports should be taking in consideration the anxiety after the end of Covid-19 pandemic to reduce the serious clinical outcomes associated with anxiety.
{"title":"Assessment of anxiety levels for Heathrow Airport workers after Covid-19 pandemic situation","authors":"Saif Aldeen Jaber","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e111260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e111260","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : The worldwide spreading of Covid-19 and the serious side effects associated with have pushed the scientist to study the several challenges produced after the end of the pandemic. Emotional health problems that airport workers have progressed after Covid-19 especially due to the high contact with people from different nationalities. The purpose of this research was to examine the level of anxiety of the selected population in the association with several factors like gender, age, and other demographical factors. Materials and methods : A 214 workers from Heathrow airport with 113 females and 101 males and with age range 20–50 were selected to the study. Different demographical factors were examined to see its relation with anxiety levels that resulted from Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). SPSS 28x was used to perform different statistical analysis test on the collected data. Results : Gender, experience, salary, and education were found to affect the level of anxiety significantly with a P -value lower or equal to 0.05 at confidence interval of 95%. Males were found to exert higher percentage of anxiety symptoms when compared with female. While salary above or lower than 30000$ was found to have a similar percentages and effect. On the other hand, experience played an important role to reduce anxiety, while education have increased the risk of anxiety. Conclusion : Different authorities and work locations including airports should be taking in consideration the anxiety after the end of Covid-19 pandemic to reduce the serious clinical outcomes associated with anxiety.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109767
Trifon Angelov, Anna Gavrilova, Nikolay Panayotov, Galina Dyakova, Alexandar Pashev, Genadi Gavrilov, Maya Yotova
Capsaicinoids are amides, a type of secondary metabolites in hot peppers, responsible for their hot taste also known as pungency. They possess many pharmacological properties with great potential for pharmacy like analgesic, blood glucose level reduction, insulin level improvement, reduction of triglycerides and cholesterol levels, etc. For the needs of this study a reliable and easy applicable RP-HPLC method with UV detection for determination of capsaicinoids was developed. Two traditional and two newly selected Bulgarian hot pepper varieties were studied. The concentrations of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in the pericarp and the seeds were determined respectively. According to the Scoville heat unit (SHU) equivalence of the pericarps, the varieties Dzhulyunska shipka 1021, Zlatna shipka and Kehlibar show moderate pungency and present a potential value for the pharmaceutical and food industries. The current study contributes to the scientific database with regard to the pungency of Capsicum annuum L. varieties.
{"title":"Capsaicinoids content in some Bulgarian varieties of Capsicum annuum L. obtained by RP-HPLC","authors":"Trifon Angelov, Anna Gavrilova, Nikolay Panayotov, Galina Dyakova, Alexandar Pashev, Genadi Gavrilov, Maya Yotova","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109767","url":null,"abstract":"Capsaicinoids are amides, a type of secondary metabolites in hot peppers, responsible for their hot taste also known as pungency. They possess many pharmacological properties with great potential for pharmacy like analgesic, blood glucose level reduction, insulin level improvement, reduction of triglycerides and cholesterol levels, etc. For the needs of this study a reliable and easy applicable RP-HPLC method with UV detection for determination of capsaicinoids was developed. Two traditional and two newly selected Bulgarian hot pepper varieties were studied. The concentrations of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in the pericarp and the seeds were determined respectively. According to the Scoville heat unit (SHU) equivalence of the pericarps, the varieties Dzhulyunska shipka 1021, Zlatna shipka and Kehlibar show moderate pungency and present a potential value for the pharmaceutical and food industries. The current study contributes to the scientific database with regard to the pungency of Capsicum annuum L. varieties.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135396404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A healthy lifestyle is the main expression of positive health behavior. Movement is a natural need of every child and is a basic preventive tool for strengthening children‘s health. Sport is a complex process that improves the qualities of movements, strengthens the muscles of the body and forms physical endurance through its positive influence on all organs and systems. Sports activities have a beneficial effect on the psyche and personality of adolescents and are defined as the main factor for maintaining, preserving and improving health and a healthy lifestyle. In most European countries, the teaching methodology is aimed at finding the meaning and encouraging the desire of each student to engage in regular physical activity. The article aims to familiarize the audience with the impact of sports on various organs and systems, with the benefits for the physical and mental health of adolescents from sports activities, as well as to provide information on recommendations for the correct choice of sports depending on the constitution and disposition of adolescents.
{"title":"The benefits of sports for the physical and mental health of adolescents","authors":"Maria Stamova Vakrilova Becheva, Angelina Georgieva Kirkova-Bogdanova, Krasimira Milcheva Kazalakova, Stefka Achkova Ivanova","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e111888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e111888","url":null,"abstract":"A healthy lifestyle is the main expression of positive health behavior. Movement is a natural need of every child and is a basic preventive tool for strengthening children‘s health. Sport is a complex process that improves the qualities of movements, strengthens the muscles of the body and forms physical endurance through its positive influence on all organs and systems. Sports activities have a beneficial effect on the psyche and personality of adolescents and are defined as the main factor for maintaining, preserving and improving health and a healthy lifestyle. In most European countries, the teaching methodology is aimed at finding the meaning and encouraging the desire of each student to engage in regular physical activity. The article aims to familiarize the audience with the impact of sports on various organs and systems, with the benefits for the physical and mental health of adolescents from sports activities, as well as to provide information on recommendations for the correct choice of sports depending on the constitution and disposition of adolescents.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134912305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109952
Adeola Tawakalitu Kola-Mustapha
Topical therapies are essential for controlling Acne Vulgaris because they have specific therapeutic effects on the skin. Through a meta-analysis, this study seeks to determine the effectiveness of topical acne treatments in the management of Acne Vulgaris. Data extraction and systematic study of literatures were both included in the methodology utilized for this meta-analysis. Controlled clinical trials and randomized controlled trials comparing topical acne treatments with placebos were included as inclusion criteria. The search strategy used techniques for assessing the quality of results, additional sources, and electronic databases. The pooled effect sizes and publication bias were computed using a random effects model. The results were presented as effect estimates, confidence ranges, and significance levels. The RR estimate for the common effect model is 5.1986, and the 95% confidence interval is [3.8070; 7.0990]. According to this, persons who receive topical acne treatments have a 5.1986 times higher chance of getting a good result than those who receive a placebo. Overall, there isn’t much proof of publication bias in the meta-analysis of topical pharmaceutical therapies for Acne Vulgaris, according to the findings of the linear regression test of funnel plot asymmetry. These results provide useful insights into the use of topical treatments for Acne Vulgaris and highlight the targeted mechanism of action, rigorous clinical study designs, consideration of heterogeneity, and statistical significance of the topical acne agents.
{"title":"Efficacy of topical acne agents in the treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Insights from a meta-analysis","authors":"Adeola Tawakalitu Kola-Mustapha","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109952","url":null,"abstract":"Topical therapies are essential for controlling Acne Vulgaris because they have specific therapeutic effects on the skin. Through a meta-analysis, this study seeks to determine the effectiveness of topical acne treatments in the management of Acne Vulgaris. Data extraction and systematic study of literatures were both included in the methodology utilized for this meta-analysis. Controlled clinical trials and randomized controlled trials comparing topical acne treatments with placebos were included as inclusion criteria. The search strategy used techniques for assessing the quality of results, additional sources, and electronic databases. The pooled effect sizes and publication bias were computed using a random effects model. The results were presented as effect estimates, confidence ranges, and significance levels. The RR estimate for the common effect model is 5.1986, and the 95% confidence interval is [3.8070; 7.0990]. According to this, persons who receive topical acne treatments have a 5.1986 times higher chance of getting a good result than those who receive a placebo. Overall, there isn’t much proof of publication bias in the meta-analysis of topical pharmaceutical therapies for Acne Vulgaris, according to the findings of the linear regression test of funnel plot asymmetry. These results provide useful insights into the use of topical treatments for Acne Vulgaris and highlight the targeted mechanism of action, rigorous clinical study designs, consideration of heterogeneity, and statistical significance of the topical acne agents.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indicators of the success in pharmaceutical services at pharmacy can be seen from customer satisfaction which is influenced by trust in pharmacy. The existence of customer satisfaction realted to pharmaceutical services is potentially important in patient adherence to their health care. The aims of this study is to examine the relationship model of satisfaction and trust in pharmacy. This research is a quantitative study with a survey design using a cross-sectional approach. It was conducted in June 2023 on a sample of 252 customers of community pharmacies in Magelang, Indonesia. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling method. Data analysis using Partial Least Square Path Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of hypothesis testing based on probability values (p<0.05) indicate that the infrastructure, medication information and trust in a pharmacist had an effect on customer satisfaction. Trust in pharmacies that are influenced by consumer satisfaction can influence consumers to trust pharmacists. Trust is a service component that is dynamic in line with consumer needs following market conditions and pharmacy competition. Therefore it must be considered.
{"title":"The complex mechanism of developing trust in pharmacy","authors":"Indriyati Hadi Sulistyaningrum, Prasojo Pribadi, Arifin Santoso, Erki Arfianto, Rayi Citra Ayu Pangestuti, Nahdliyah Umma, Meiliana Purnama Ningrum","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109396","url":null,"abstract":"Indicators of the success in pharmaceutical services at pharmacy can be seen from customer satisfaction which is influenced by trust in pharmacy. The existence of customer satisfaction realted to pharmaceutical services is potentially important in patient adherence to their health care. The aims of this study is to examine the relationship model of satisfaction and trust in pharmacy. This research is a quantitative study with a survey design using a cross-sectional approach. It was conducted in June 2023 on a sample of 252 customers of community pharmacies in Magelang, Indonesia. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling method. Data analysis using Partial Least Square Path Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of hypothesis testing based on probability values (p&lt;0.05) indicate that the infrastructure, medication information and trust in a pharmacist had an effect on customer satisfaction. Trust in pharmacies that are influenced by consumer satisfaction can influence consumers to trust pharmacists. Trust is a service component that is dynamic in line with consumer needs following market conditions and pharmacy competition. Therefore it must be considered.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134912031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e94344
Diana Demydiak, L. Slobodianiuk, Oleg Gerush, L. Budniak, Valeriia Sydor, O. Skrynchuk, O. Demydiak, Nadiia Panasenko, Vadym Ratynskyi
Aster novi-belgii is a perennial ornamental herb native to eastern Canada and the United States of America, cultivated in Ukraine. This species should be considered a possible source of phenolic compounds, principally hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids. Therefore, in this study, the aim was to determine these compounds in Aster novi-belgii by HPLC-DAD analysis, and validation of this chromatographic method and lay a scientific and technical basis for the utilization and development of the plant resources of the cultivated plants of the genus Aster. The HPLC-DAD method determined the flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids composition and content in the herb of Aster novi-belgii L. The HPLC-DAD method allowed the detection of 13 phenolic compounds, namely 6 hydroxycinnamic acids (chlorogenic, sinapic, caffeic, syringic, trans-cinnamic, trans-ferulic acids), and 7 flavonoids (kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, naringin, quercetin, luteolin, rutin, kaempferol, rhamnetin). The quantitative detection showed that the main hydroxycinnamic acids were chlorogenic acids (15069.21 ± 0.34 µg/g) and sinapic acids (949.95 ±0.22 µg/g). Concerning flavonoids, the largest amounts were kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (8989.79 ±0.31 µg/g) and naringin (2092.02 ± 0.26 µg/g). HPLC-DAD method was evaluated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limits of quantification, and limits of detection. The calibration curves of reference substances were linear (R2 ≥ 0.997), the LODs were in the range of 0.21–1.71 µg/mL, and the LOQs – of 0.48–5.19 µg/mL, respectively. Our phytochemical research confirms that the study material is a rich source of hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids. Findings mean that Aster novi-belgii is a promising plant because of the important role of these phenolic compounds in many biological processes.
比利时紫菀是一种多年生观赏草本植物，原产于加拿大东部和美国，栽培于乌克兰。该物种应被认为是酚类化合物的可能来源，主要是羟基肉桂酸和类黄酮。因此，本研究的目的是通过HPLC-DAD分析测定比利时紫菀中的这些化合物，并对该色谱方法进行验证，为紫菀属栽培植物资源的利用和开发奠定科学技术基础。HPLC-DAD法测定了紫菀中黄酮类化合物和羟基肉桂酸的组成及含量，共检出13种酚类化合物，即6种羟基肉桂酸(绿原酸、辛子酸、咖啡酸、丁香酸、反式肉桂酸、反式阿魏酸)和7种黄酮类化合物(山奈酚3- o - β - d -葡萄糖苷、柚皮素、槲皮素、木犀草素、芦丁、山奈酚、鼠李素)。定量检测结果表明，羟基肉桂酸主要为绿原酸(15069.21±0.34µg/g)和辛酸(949.95±0.22µg/g)。黄酮含量最高的是山奈酚3- o - β - d -葡萄糖苷(8989.79±0.31µg/g)和柚皮苷(2092.02±0.26µg/g)。对HPLC-DAD方法的线性度、精密度、准确度、定量限和检出限进行评价。标准物质的标度曲线呈线性关系(R2≥0.997)，检出限分别为0.21 ~ 1.71µg/mL和0.48 ~ 5.19µg/mL。我们的植物化学研究证实，研究材料是羟基肉桂酸和类黄酮的丰富来源。这些研究结果表明，紫菀是一种很有前途的植物，因为这些酚类化合物在许多生物过程中起着重要的作用。
{"title":"HPLC-DAD analysis of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in Aster novi-belgii L.","authors":"Diana Demydiak, L. Slobodianiuk, Oleg Gerush, L. Budniak, Valeriia Sydor, O. Skrynchuk, O. Demydiak, Nadiia Panasenko, Vadym Ratynskyi","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e94344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e94344","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aster novi-belgii is a perennial ornamental herb native to eastern Canada and the United States of America, cultivated in Ukraine. This species should be considered a possible source of phenolic compounds, principally hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids. Therefore, in this study, the aim was to determine these compounds in Aster novi-belgii by HPLC-DAD analysis, and validation of this chromatographic method and lay a scientific and technical basis for the utilization and development of the plant resources of the cultivated plants of the genus Aster. The HPLC-DAD method determined the flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids composition and content in the herb of Aster novi-belgii L. The HPLC-DAD method allowed the detection of 13 phenolic compounds, namely 6 hydroxycinnamic acids (chlorogenic, sinapic, caffeic, syringic, trans-cinnamic, trans-ferulic acids), and 7 flavonoids (kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, naringin, quercetin, luteolin, rutin, kaempferol, rhamnetin). The quantitative detection showed that the main hydroxycinnamic acids were chlorogenic acids (15069.21 ± 0.34 µg/g) and sinapic acids (949.95 ±0.22 µg/g). Concerning flavonoids, the largest amounts were kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (8989.79 ±0.31 µg/g) and naringin (2092.02 ± 0.26 µg/g). HPLC-DAD method was evaluated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limits of quantification, and limits of detection. The calibration curves of reference substances were linear (R2 ≥ 0.997), the LODs were in the range of 0.21–1.71 µg/mL, and the LOQs – of 0.48–5.19 µg/mL, respectively. Our phytochemical research confirms that the study material is a rich source of hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids. Findings mean that Aster novi-belgii is a promising plant because of the important role of these phenolic compounds in many biological processes.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72783905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109129
Angel T. Alvarado, Ana María Muñoz, Nesquen Tasayco-Yataco, Fabricio Gamarra-Castillo, R. Ybañez-Julca, María R. Bendezú, H. Chávez, Jorge A. García, Felipe Surco-Laos, E. J. Melgar-Merino, Pompeyo A. Cuba-García, Patricia Castillo-Romero, Nelly Vega-Ramos, B. Loja-Herrera, Mario Pineda-Pérez, Mario Bolarte-Arteaga
Currently, there is a greater interest in using natural products in various chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. However, these investigations have not considered the components of grape seeds. In this context, the current study explored the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hypoglycemic activity of biophenols and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from Vitis vinifera L. muscat and quebranta seeds from the Ica Valley, Peru. The total polyphenol content (TPC) of muscat (1.57±0.015 mg GAE/g) and quebranta (1.43±0.015 mg GAE/g) seeds was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH• free radical assay for muscat and quebranta (IC50: 38.60±0.624 µg/mL and 42.83±0.306 µg/mL, respectively) and by FRAP 0.79±0.030 μg TEAC/g for muscat and 0.61±0.038 μg TEAC/g for quebranta. After inducing experimental hyperglycemia with alloxane in Rattus norvegicus strain Holtzman, treatment was carried out for 7 days and glucose levels were measured at 1, 2 and 4 hours. At a dose of 500 mg/kg, orally, of biophenols/PUFA from muscat and quebranta seeds, a hypoglycemic effect was observed; whose results were verified with the Shapiro-Wilk test (p-value > α = 0.05), Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (p-value 0.0001 < α = 0.05), Student’s T with p-value < α = 0.05 at 1 hour for days 1 to 6, and p-value 0.999 > α = 0.05 for 2 and 4 hours on day 7, indicates a small probability of difference; in ANOVA results the mean difference is significant (p-value 0.0001 < α 0.05). The Pearson analysis found a strong correlation [0.50 ≤ (0.9530–0.9827) < 1.0] between glibenclamide/biophenols-PUFA glucose levels. Current data show an in vitro antioxidant effect and hypoglycemic activity of the seeds of grapes of the muscat and quebranta varieties. Graphical abstract
{"title":"In vitro antioxidant and in vivo hypoglycemic activity of biophenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids from Vitis vinifera L. muscat and quebranta seeds from the Valley of Ica-Peru","authors":"Angel T. Alvarado, Ana María Muñoz, Nesquen Tasayco-Yataco, Fabricio Gamarra-Castillo, R. Ybañez-Julca, María R. Bendezú, H. Chávez, Jorge A. García, Felipe Surco-Laos, E. J. Melgar-Merino, Pompeyo A. Cuba-García, Patricia Castillo-Romero, Nelly Vega-Ramos, B. Loja-Herrera, Mario Pineda-Pérez, Mario Bolarte-Arteaga","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109129","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there is a greater interest in using natural products in various chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. However, these investigations have not considered the components of grape seeds. In this context, the current study explored the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hypoglycemic activity of biophenols and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from Vitis vinifera L. muscat and quebranta seeds from the Ica Valley, Peru. The total polyphenol content (TPC) of muscat (1.57±0.015 mg GAE/g) and quebranta (1.43±0.015 mg GAE/g) seeds was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH• free radical assay for muscat and quebranta (IC50: 38.60±0.624 µg/mL and 42.83±0.306 µg/mL, respectively) and by FRAP 0.79±0.030 μg TEAC/g for muscat and 0.61±0.038 μg TEAC/g for quebranta. After inducing experimental hyperglycemia with alloxane in Rattus norvegicus strain Holtzman, treatment was carried out for 7 days and glucose levels were measured at 1, 2 and 4 hours. At a dose of 500 mg/kg, orally, of biophenols/PUFA from muscat and quebranta seeds, a hypoglycemic effect was observed; whose results were verified with the Shapiro-Wilk test (p-value > α = 0.05), Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (p-value 0.0001 < α = 0.05), Student’s T with p-value < α = 0.05 at 1 hour for days 1 to 6, and p-value 0.999 > α = 0.05 for 2 and 4 hours on day 7, indicates a small probability of difference; in ANOVA results the mean difference is significant (p-value 0.0001 < α 0.05). The Pearson analysis found a strong correlation [0.50 ≤ (0.9530–0.9827) < 1.0] between glibenclamide/biophenols-PUFA glucose levels. Current data show an in vitro antioxidant effect and hypoglycemic activity of the seeds of grapes of the muscat and quebranta varieties.\u0000 \u0000 Graphical abstract\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82565190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e110012
Wejdan A Shroukh, N. Yasein, Farihan Barghouti, Manar Yousef, G. Alnajdawi
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected physicians’ practices of prescribing antibiotics for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs). Aim: This study aims to explore the perceptions of resident physicians in a teaching hospital towards antibiotic prescribing for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a qualitative study based on conducting in-depth face-to-face interviews with resident physicians. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim in Arabic, translated to English, anonymised, and analysed thematically. Results: Data analysis produced five broad themes: determinants of prescribing antibiotics for URTIs before and after the pandemic, uncertainty in differentiating between COVID-19 cases and other URTIs, the shift in antibiotic prescribing for URTIs following the pandemic, the place of azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19, and patients’ expectations of antibiotic prescribing. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the COVID-19 pandemic added to the complexity of controlling the use of antibiotics in a country that is already striving against inappropriate antibiotics utilization.
{"title":"Perceptions of resident physicians towards antibiotic prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study","authors":"Wejdan A Shroukh, N. Yasein, Farihan Barghouti, Manar Yousef, G. Alnajdawi","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e110012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e110012","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected physicians’ practices of prescribing antibiotics for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs).\u0000 Aim: This study aims to explore the perceptions of resident physicians in a teaching hospital towards antibiotic prescribing for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000 Methods: This was a qualitative study based on conducting in-depth face-to-face interviews with resident physicians. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim in Arabic, translated to English, anonymised, and analysed thematically.\u0000 Results: Data analysis produced five broad themes: determinants of prescribing antibiotics for URTIs before and after the pandemic, uncertainty in differentiating between COVID-19 cases and other URTIs, the shift in antibiotic prescribing for URTIs following the pandemic, the place of azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19, and patients’ expectations of antibiotic prescribing.\u0000 Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the COVID-19 pandemic added to the complexity of controlling the use of antibiotics in a country that is already striving against inappropriate antibiotics utilization.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81827600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e101537
Aditya Trias Pradana, G. Haro, Novarianti Marbun, S. Rahmi, I. Iksen
Hypertension is one of the silent killers in human life which is characterized by uncontrolled blood pressure. Although many therapeutic drugs have demonstrated success in treating hypertension, these treatments have their own drawbacks, most notably in terms of cost and side effects. Hypertension treatment with natural products has lately been proposed. This study focused on the potential of Allium schoenoprasum against hypertension based on network pharmacology and molecular docking strategies. Interested compounds and targets were identified by searching accessible databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) were conducted to determine the potential targets from Allium schoenoprasum. In this study, 10 potentially active compounds were obtained. PPI results showed SCR, STAT3, PIK3R1, CTNBB1, and ESR1 as the main targets of hypertension. GO and KEGG investigation confirmed the PPI targets are mainly involved in protein binding and catalytic in the membrane and cytoplasm. In the end, by using molecular docking, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and quercetin showed the most potent compounds in Allium schoenoprasum against hypertension. In summary, Allium schoenoprasum exhibited antihypertensive activity via network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches.
{"title":"Identification of potential molecular target of hypertension from Allium schoenoprasum by using network pharmacology and molecular docking strategies","authors":"Aditya Trias Pradana, G. Haro, Novarianti Marbun, S. Rahmi, I. Iksen","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e101537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e101537","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension is one of the silent killers in human life which is characterized by uncontrolled blood pressure. Although many therapeutic drugs have demonstrated success in treating hypertension, these treatments have their own drawbacks, most notably in terms of cost and side effects. Hypertension treatment with natural products has lately been proposed. This study focused on the potential of Allium schoenoprasum against hypertension based on network pharmacology and molecular docking strategies. Interested compounds and targets were identified by searching accessible databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) were conducted to determine the potential targets from Allium schoenoprasum. In this study, 10 potentially active compounds were obtained. PPI results showed SCR, STAT3, PIK3R1, CTNBB1, and ESR1 as the main targets of hypertension. GO and KEGG investigation confirmed the PPI targets are mainly involved in protein binding and catalytic in the membrane and cytoplasm. In the end, by using molecular docking, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and quercetin showed the most potent compounds in Allium schoenoprasum against hypertension. In summary, Allium schoenoprasum exhibited antihypertensive activity via network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84775092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e107237
E. Qnais, A. Alqudah, M. Wedyan, R. Y. Athamneh, Y. Bseiso, R. AbuDalo, Muna Oqal, O. Gammoh
Aim: This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory activity and potential mechanisms of essential oil of Tamarix aphylla (EOTA). Methods: The essential oils were extracted from the plant’s aerial parts using hydrodistillation and analyzed through gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The essential oils were assessed for their anti-inflammatory effects using well-established inflammation models, namely carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis. To evaluate the antioxidant activity of the essential oil, measurements were taken for nitric oxide radical-scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation. Results: The predominant components of the EOTA were 6,10,14-Trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (20.2%), β-Ionone (20.1%), Dodecanoic acid (12.2%), and trans-β-Caryophyllene (10%.1). The study found that EOTA significantly reduced edema, peritonitis, myeloperoxidase activity, and NOx-peritoneal lavage concentration induced by carrageenan. Additionally, the essential oil exhibited significant inhibition of nitric oxide radical production triggered by sodium nitroprusside. Furthermore, EOTA demonstrated the ability to prevent lipid peroxidation induced by Fe+2- or Fe+2 plus H2O2. Conclusion: The findings suggest that EOTA possesses anti-inflammatory activity, potentially linked to its antioxidant capacity.
{"title":"Potential anti-inflammatory activity of the Tamarix aphylla essential oil","authors":"E. Qnais, A. Alqudah, M. Wedyan, R. Y. Athamneh, Y. Bseiso, R. AbuDalo, Muna Oqal, O. Gammoh","doi":"10.3897/pharmacia.70.e107237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e107237","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory activity and potential mechanisms of essential oil of Tamarix aphylla (EOTA).\u0000 Methods: The essential oils were extracted from the plant’s aerial parts using hydrodistillation and analyzed through gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The essential oils were assessed for their anti-inflammatory effects using well-established inflammation models, namely carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis. To evaluate the antioxidant activity of the essential oil, measurements were taken for nitric oxide radical-scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation.\u0000 Results: The predominant components of the EOTA were 6,10,14-Trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (20.2%), β-Ionone (20.1%), Dodecanoic acid (12.2%), and trans-β-Caryophyllene (10%.1). The study found that EOTA significantly reduced edema, peritonitis, myeloperoxidase activity, and NOx-peritoneal lavage concentration induced by carrageenan. Additionally, the essential oil exhibited significant inhibition of nitric oxide radical production triggered by sodium nitroprusside. Furthermore, EOTA demonstrated the ability to prevent lipid peroxidation induced by Fe+2- or Fe+2 plus H2O2.\u0000 Conclusion: The findings suggest that EOTA possesses anti-inflammatory activity, potentially linked to its antioxidant capacity.","PeriodicalId":20086,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacia","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89472691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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