Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icps.2017.7945101
Samuel Vega Cotto, Weijen Lee
This paper describes an experimental process and detailed information related to an 100KW PV system case study at the Kayenta Health Center, which is located in the Navajo Nation. Information about the solar irradiance on site, the PV system performance, the power quality at the facility, and observation of the related equipment is gathered. Experimental data validate the theoretical data available for the zone, the facility, the systems and the equipment. Detailed study of existing PV system at the Navajo nation combined with modeling and simulation will discover additional information, tools, process and methodology for the future implementation of the microgrid in other tribal health care facilities. Observation and results demonstrate that the actual implementation of the microgrid at Kayenta Health Center enhance the power quality, result in optimum power system design, produce energy savings and reduce environmental pollution.
{"title":"Microgrid modular design for tribal healthcare facilities: Kayenta Health Center PV system case study","authors":"Samuel Vega Cotto, Weijen Lee","doi":"10.1109/icps.2017.7945101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icps.2017.7945101","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an experimental process and detailed information related to an 100KW PV system case study at the Kayenta Health Center, which is located in the Navajo Nation. Information about the solar irradiance on site, the PV system performance, the power quality at the facility, and observation of the related equipment is gathered. Experimental data validate the theoretical data available for the zone, the facility, the systems and the equipment. Detailed study of existing PV system at the Navajo nation combined with modeling and simulation will discover additional information, tools, process and methodology for the future implementation of the microgrid in other tribal health care facilities. Observation and results demonstrate that the actual implementation of the microgrid at Kayenta Health Center enhance the power quality, result in optimum power system design, produce energy savings and reduce environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122935164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icps.2017.7945118
G. Constante-Flores, M. Illindala
This paper investigates the effect of uncertainty in solar irradiance for the photovoltaic (PV) generation, and its impact on the power flow in a distribution network. The solar irradiance available in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Resource Data Center is clustered into two states: high and low irradiance defined by a threshold. The uncertainty is modeled based on Non-Gaussian distribution, obtained using kernel density estimation. This estimation aids in achieving the probability density function and cumulative distribution functions of the solar irradiance. Moreover, the load demand and wind uncertainties are modeled according to Gaussian and Weibull distribution functions, respectively. As part of probabilistic power flow, the backward/forward sweep method is used to solve each scenario of the Monte Carlo Simulation. The proposed framework is applied to the 33-node test system considering three different test cases. The first case considers deployment of PV systems in three microgrids of the electric grid, and the other two test cases analyze different levels of penetration of randomly allocated PV and wind power systems. At the end, the results indicate potential reverse power flow through certain branches of the grid, and the renewables have a major impact on the system.
{"title":"Data-driven probabilistic power flow analysis for a distribution system with Renewable Energy sources using Monte Carlo Simulation","authors":"G. Constante-Flores, M. Illindala","doi":"10.1109/icps.2017.7945118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icps.2017.7945118","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effect of uncertainty in solar irradiance for the photovoltaic (PV) generation, and its impact on the power flow in a distribution network. The solar irradiance available in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Resource Data Center is clustered into two states: high and low irradiance defined by a threshold. The uncertainty is modeled based on Non-Gaussian distribution, obtained using kernel density estimation. This estimation aids in achieving the probability density function and cumulative distribution functions of the solar irradiance. Moreover, the load demand and wind uncertainties are modeled according to Gaussian and Weibull distribution functions, respectively. As part of probabilistic power flow, the backward/forward sweep method is used to solve each scenario of the Monte Carlo Simulation. The proposed framework is applied to the 33-node test system considering three different test cases. The first case considers deployment of PV systems in three microgrids of the electric grid, and the other two test cases analyze different levels of penetration of randomly allocated PV and wind power systems. At the end, the results indicate potential reverse power flow through certain branches of the grid, and the renewables have a major impact on the system.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132187388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icps.2017.7945133
A. Ferreira, André M. Silva, A. D. de Almeida
Single-phasing is one of the major causes of motor failure in the industry. The electric motor market is changing fast due to the minimum energy performance standards. In a large number of cases, particularly when the original old motors are retrofitted with motors of higher efficiency classes, the respective overload protection devices are not properly tuned/configured or upgraded/replaced. In this paper, an overview of the motor protective devices and the main results of an experimental study on the behavior of five three-phase 7.5-kW, 400-V, 50-Hz, 4-pole motors, namely, four squirrel-cage induction motors of IE1, IE2/EPAct, IE3/NEMA Premium and IE4 classes and one line-start permanent-magnet of IE4 class, under single-phasing supply at no-load, locked-rotor and part-load operation, are presented. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that, in general, modern commercial thermal overload relays or thermal-magnetic circuit-breakers are able to protect line-operated motors against single-phasing operation, tripping within a safe time window, as long as they have differential mode mechanism, their trip class is properly selected, and the current setting correctly adjusted as a function of the motor efficiency class, technology, service factor, load, rated power and rated current.
{"title":"Single-phasing protection of line-operated motors of different efficiency classes","authors":"A. Ferreira, André M. Silva, A. D. de Almeida","doi":"10.1109/icps.2017.7945133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icps.2017.7945133","url":null,"abstract":"Single-phasing is one of the major causes of motor failure in the industry. The electric motor market is changing fast due to the minimum energy performance standards. In a large number of cases, particularly when the original old motors are retrofitted with motors of higher efficiency classes, the respective overload protection devices are not properly tuned/configured or upgraded/replaced. In this paper, an overview of the motor protective devices and the main results of an experimental study on the behavior of five three-phase 7.5-kW, 400-V, 50-Hz, 4-pole motors, namely, four squirrel-cage induction motors of IE1, IE2/EPAct, IE3/NEMA Premium and IE4 classes and one line-start permanent-magnet of IE4 class, under single-phasing supply at no-load, locked-rotor and part-load operation, are presented. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that, in general, modern commercial thermal overload relays or thermal-magnetic circuit-breakers are able to protect line-operated motors against single-phasing operation, tripping within a safe time window, as long as they have differential mode mechanism, their trip class is properly selected, and the current setting correctly adjusted as a function of the motor efficiency class, technology, service factor, load, rated power and rated current.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130827796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icps.2017.7945131
Yuan-Kang Wu, Guan-Ting Ye, Kuo-Ting Tang
This work develops an under-frequency preventive control strategy for micro grid energy systems that are based on evaluating the initial one-hour-ahead system operating status and applies a real-time correction method. The developed preventive control system evaluates initial system flexibility based on a forecast of net load; it provides a low-frequency preventive control strategy to ensure stable operation and a corrective process; and an economic dispatch strategy to reduce operating cost. This system can be operated automatically, stably and economically.
{"title":"Preventive control strategy for an island power system that considers system security and economics","authors":"Yuan-Kang Wu, Guan-Ting Ye, Kuo-Ting Tang","doi":"10.1109/icps.2017.7945131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icps.2017.7945131","url":null,"abstract":"This work develops an under-frequency preventive control strategy for micro grid energy systems that are based on evaluating the initial one-hour-ahead system operating status and applies a real-time correction method. The developed preventive control system evaluates initial system flexibility based on a forecast of net load; it provides a low-frequency preventive control strategy to ensure stable operation and a corrective process; and an economic dispatch strategy to reduce operating cost. This system can be operated automatically, stably and economically.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128338685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icps.2017.7945124
Chowdhury Andalib-Bin-Karim, Xiaodong Liang, N. Khan, Huaguang Zhang
Due to varying and intermittent nature of wind resource, grid connected wind farms pose significant technical challenges to power grid on power quality and voltage stability. Wind farm Q-V characteristic curve at the point of interconnection (POI) can offer valuable information for voltage control actions and provide essential indication about voltage stability. Data driven analytics is a promising approach to determine characteristics of a large complex system, physical model of which is difficult to obtain. In this paper, the data driven analytics is used to determine Q-V curve of grid connected wind farms based on measurement data recorded at the POI. Different curve fitting models, such as Polynomial, Gaussian and Rational, are evaluated and best fit is determined based on different graphical and numerical evaluation metrics. A case study is conducted using field measurement data at two grid connected wind farms currently in operation in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is found that the Gaussian (degree 2) model describes the Q-V relationship most accurately for the two wind farms. The obtained functions and processed data can be used in the voltage controller design. The plotted QV curve can also be used to determine the reactive margin at the POI for voltage stability evaluation. As a generic method, the proposed approach can be employed to determine Q-V characteristic curve of any grid connected large wind farms.
{"title":"Determine Q-V characteristics of grid connected wind farms for voltage control using data driven analytics approach","authors":"Chowdhury Andalib-Bin-Karim, Xiaodong Liang, N. Khan, Huaguang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/icps.2017.7945124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icps.2017.7945124","url":null,"abstract":"Due to varying and intermittent nature of wind resource, grid connected wind farms pose significant technical challenges to power grid on power quality and voltage stability. Wind farm Q-V characteristic curve at the point of interconnection (POI) can offer valuable information for voltage control actions and provide essential indication about voltage stability. Data driven analytics is a promising approach to determine characteristics of a large complex system, physical model of which is difficult to obtain. In this paper, the data driven analytics is used to determine Q-V curve of grid connected wind farms based on measurement data recorded at the POI. Different curve fitting models, such as Polynomial, Gaussian and Rational, are evaluated and best fit is determined based on different graphical and numerical evaluation metrics. A case study is conducted using field measurement data at two grid connected wind farms currently in operation in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is found that the Gaussian (degree 2) model describes the Q-V relationship most accurately for the two wind farms. The obtained functions and processed data can be used in the voltage controller design. The plotted QV curve can also be used to determine the reactive margin at the POI for voltage stability evaluation. As a generic method, the proposed approach can be employed to determine Q-V characteristic curve of any grid connected large wind farms.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124070403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icps.2017.7945134
V. Wagner
Vacuum circuit breaker switching induced transients can cause frequency induced medium voltage transformer dielectric damage where the two are coupled with short cable. The most common mitigation method is to add a resistor/capacitor snubber at the transformer terminals. While this approach has proved highly effective, there is little discussion of variations on the snubber application. This paper describes the results of switching tests of a vacuum circuit breaker connected to a 1 MVA transformer through medium voltage cable. First, the mechanism was investigated. The tests show the resonance is induced by the broad band frequency content due to the high dv/dt of the circuit breaker current chopping and the chopping rate. Next, mitigation variations were examined such as snubber location, sizing and effectiveness on the transformer secondary.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of switching induced transformer resonance mitigation","authors":"V. Wagner","doi":"10.1109/icps.2017.7945134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icps.2017.7945134","url":null,"abstract":"Vacuum circuit breaker switching induced transients can cause frequency induced medium voltage transformer dielectric damage where the two are coupled with short cable. The most common mitigation method is to add a resistor/capacitor snubber at the transformer terminals. While this approach has proved highly effective, there is little discussion of variations on the snubber application. This paper describes the results of switching tests of a vacuum circuit breaker connected to a 1 MVA transformer through medium voltage cable. First, the mechanism was investigated. The tests show the resonance is induced by the broad band frequency content due to the high dv/dt of the circuit breaker current chopping and the chopping rate. Next, mitigation variations were examined such as snubber location, sizing and effectiveness on the transformer secondary.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129679262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ppic.2017.8003878
Michael Pingal, S. Panetta
This document discusses some common mistakes that are made in the commissioning of High Resistance Grounding (HRG) systems. While high resistance grounding has been in use for some time, many commissioning teams are less familiar with HRG systems and various issues can arise in the commissioning process. Topics discussed include: compatibility of equipment with HRG systems; how system configuration affects testing and verification; and key points for training programs.
{"title":"Common problems in the commissioning of HRG systems","authors":"Michael Pingal, S. Panetta","doi":"10.1109/ppic.2017.8003878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppic.2017.8003878","url":null,"abstract":"This document discusses some common mistakes that are made in the commissioning of High Resistance Grounding (HRG) systems. While high resistance grounding has been in use for some time, many commissioning teams are less familiar with HRG systems and various issues can arise in the commissioning process. Topics discussed include: compatibility of equipment with HRG systems; how system configuration affects testing and verification; and key points for training programs.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123800014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/icps.2017.7945105
F. Freschi, Massimo Mitolo, R. Tommasini
Common solids (e.g. flour, sugar, etc.) can be suspended and transported in air via pneumatic conveying systems. Finely divided solid substances dispersed into a dust cloud (e.g. into a silo) can form a potential explosive atmosphere, if in the right concentration with the oxidizing agent (e.g. air). In addition, it is known that the pneumatic handling of substance, which allows its transport at a certain velocity, can generate static charges; thus, a possible competent ignition source may be also created.
{"title":"Analysis of causation of a dust explosion in industrial plant","authors":"F. Freschi, Massimo Mitolo, R. Tommasini","doi":"10.1109/icps.2017.7945105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icps.2017.7945105","url":null,"abstract":"Common solids (e.g. flour, sugar, etc.) can be suspended and transported in air via pneumatic conveying systems. Finely divided solid substances dispersed into a dust cloud (e.g. into a silo) can form a potential explosive atmosphere, if in the right concentration with the oxidizing agent (e.g. air). In addition, it is known that the pneumatic handling of substance, which allows its transport at a certain velocity, can generate static charges; thus, a possible competent ignition source may be also created.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114447148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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