Pub Date : 2017-06-08DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945115
Li Wang, Shun-Chin Ke, Ting-Wei Hong, Chien-Hsiang Yu, Chuan-Chieh Yeh, Wei-Sheng Liu, Bing-Lin Kuan, Xiu-Yu Lu, A. Prokhorov
This paper studies and analyzes the special power-quality measurement results of a commercial onshore wind farm connected to the power grid of Taiwan Power System when Typhoon Matmo passed through Taiwan. This Kuan-Yuan onshore wind farm of 28.5 MW with nineteen 1.5-MW wind-turbine generator (WTGs) based on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is connected to Kuan-Yin primary substation through two of four step-up main transformers of 161/69 kV, 200 MVA. The measured data were recorded from July 22, 2014 to July 29, 2014 for total 7 days. During the measurement period, Typhoon Matmo just passed through Taiwan and the nineteen WTGs were forced to stop. Special operating characteristics of the studied Kuan-Yuan wind farm subject to Typhoon Matmo were also recorded and studied. According to the measured results, the power quality of the studied Kuan-Yuan onshore wind farm during the measurement period can meet the grid code of Taiwan Power Company (TPC) except the voltage flicker of ΔV10. The time and date of the measured reactive power, maximum voltage variation, maximum voltage flicker, and maximum total demand distortion of current of the studied onshore wind farm related to the time and date of Typhoon Matmo are also discussed.
{"title":"Special field measurement results of an onshore wind farm connected to power grid of Taiwan Power System subject to Typhoon Matmo","authors":"Li Wang, Shun-Chin Ke, Ting-Wei Hong, Chien-Hsiang Yu, Chuan-Chieh Yeh, Wei-Sheng Liu, Bing-Lin Kuan, Xiu-Yu Lu, A. Prokhorov","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945115","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies and analyzes the special power-quality measurement results of a commercial onshore wind farm connected to the power grid of Taiwan Power System when Typhoon Matmo passed through Taiwan. This Kuan-Yuan onshore wind farm of 28.5 MW with nineteen 1.5-MW wind-turbine generator (WTGs) based on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is connected to Kuan-Yin primary substation through two of four step-up main transformers of 161/69 kV, 200 MVA. The measured data were recorded from July 22, 2014 to July 29, 2014 for total 7 days. During the measurement period, Typhoon Matmo just passed through Taiwan and the nineteen WTGs were forced to stop. Special operating characteristics of the studied Kuan-Yuan wind farm subject to Typhoon Matmo were also recorded and studied. According to the measured results, the power quality of the studied Kuan-Yuan onshore wind farm during the measurement period can meet the grid code of Taiwan Power Company (TPC) except the voltage flicker of ΔV10. The time and date of the measured reactive power, maximum voltage variation, maximum voltage flicker, and maximum total demand distortion of current of the studied onshore wind farm related to the time and date of Typhoon Matmo are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129666476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-08DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945114
Li Wang, Chien-Hsiang Yu, Chuan-Chieh Yeh, Bing-Lin Kuan, Xiu-Yu Lu, A. Prokhorov
This paper investigates and analyzes the measured power-quality results of an onshore wind farm with three wind-turbine generators connected to the power grid of Taiwan Power System. The three 2-MW wind permanent-magnet synchronous generators of the studied Taichung Power Plant's onshore wind farm are connected to the extra-high-voltage bus of 161 kV through a step-up three-winding distribution transformer of 161/23.9/11.9 kV, 60/30/30 MVA. The measured results were recorded from October 8th, 2015 to November 13th, 2015 for total 37 days. The recorded power-quality results include current harmonics, voltage flickers, and voltage variations. Special output-limitation outcomes of the studied wind farm were also recorded. According to the analyzed long-term measurement results, the power-quality indices such as system frequency, voltage variations, voltage flickers based on ΔV10, and total demand distortion of current at the point of common coupling can meet the grid code of Taiwan Power Company.
{"title":"Investigation into the measured power-quality results and special output-limitation outcomes at Taichung Power Plant's onshore wind farm in Taiwan","authors":"Li Wang, Chien-Hsiang Yu, Chuan-Chieh Yeh, Bing-Lin Kuan, Xiu-Yu Lu, A. Prokhorov","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945114","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates and analyzes the measured power-quality results of an onshore wind farm with three wind-turbine generators connected to the power grid of Taiwan Power System. The three 2-MW wind permanent-magnet synchronous generators of the studied Taichung Power Plant's onshore wind farm are connected to the extra-high-voltage bus of 161 kV through a step-up three-winding distribution transformer of 161/23.9/11.9 kV, 60/30/30 MVA. The measured results were recorded from October 8th, 2015 to November 13th, 2015 for total 37 days. The recorded power-quality results include current harmonics, voltage flickers, and voltage variations. Special output-limitation outcomes of the studied wind farm were also recorded. According to the analyzed long-term measurement results, the power-quality indices such as system frequency, voltage variations, voltage flickers based on ΔV10, and total demand distortion of current at the point of common coupling can meet the grid code of Taiwan Power Company.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116628684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945112
S. Saleh, X. F. S. Onge, J. D. McLeod, W. M. McGivney
This paper experimentally tests a new multi-level generator-side ac-dc power electronic converter (PEC) for applications in permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). The tested generator-side PEC is designed as a cascaded H-bridge multi-level PEC, and is fed by one 3φ supply. The used H-bridge cells are modified such that each cell is composed of a forward half-bridge and a backward half-bridge. The forward half-bridge produces a dc voltage, while the backward half-bridge provides a path for the current to flow to the next H-bridge cell (connected in series). The new multi-level ac-dc PEC is implemented for experimental testing as a generator-side ac-dc PEC in a 7.5 kW PMG-based WECS. The tested acdc PEC is operated using switching signals that are generated by the sinusoidal level-shifted pulse width modulation strategy. Experimental test results demonstrate reduced harmonic distortion in input currents, efficient and high quality power transfer from the PMG to the dc link, and high input power factor.
{"title":"The experimental performance of a multi-level AC-DC power electronic converter for PMG-based WECSs","authors":"S. Saleh, X. F. S. Onge, J. D. McLeod, W. M. McGivney","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945112","url":null,"abstract":"This paper experimentally tests a new multi-level generator-side ac-dc power electronic converter (PEC) for applications in permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). The tested generator-side PEC is designed as a cascaded H-bridge multi-level PEC, and is fed by one 3φ supply. The used H-bridge cells are modified such that each cell is composed of a forward half-bridge and a backward half-bridge. The forward half-bridge produces a dc voltage, while the backward half-bridge provides a path for the current to flow to the next H-bridge cell (connected in series). The new multi-level ac-dc PEC is implemented for experimental testing as a generator-side ac-dc PEC in a 7.5 kW PMG-based WECS. The tested acdc PEC is operated using switching signals that are generated by the sinusoidal level-shifted pulse width modulation strategy. Experimental test results demonstrate reduced harmonic distortion in input currents, efficient and high quality power transfer from the PMG to the dc link, and high input power factor.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128212184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945111
S. A. Saleh, X. F. S. Onge, W. M. McGivney, J. D. McLeod
This paper presents the development and performance evaluation of new multi-level ac-dc power electronic converter (PEC) for applications in permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). In order to feed the multi-level ac-dc PEC from one 3ϕ supply, it is built by using modified H-bridge cells. Each of the modified H-bridge cells is constructed from forward and backward half-bridges. The forward half-bridge conducts the current to the output side of level n, while the backward half-bridge conducts the current from level n to level n + 1. The developed multi-level ac-dc PEC is operated by switching signals generated by the sinusoidal level-shifted pulse width modulation (LSPWM) switching strategy. The multi-level ac-dc PEC is implemented for evaluating its performance, when used as a generator-side PEC in a PMG-based WECS. Performance results demonstrate reduced harmonic distortion in the input ac currents, improved power transfer from the PMG to the dc link, and reduced pulsations in the PMG electromagnetic torque.
{"title":"A new multi-level AC-DC power electronic converter for applications in PMG-based WECSs","authors":"S. A. Saleh, X. F. S. Onge, W. M. McGivney, J. D. McLeod","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945111","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development and performance evaluation of new multi-level ac-dc power electronic converter (PEC) for applications in permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). In order to feed the multi-level ac-dc PEC from one 3ϕ supply, it is built by using modified H-bridge cells. Each of the modified H-bridge cells is constructed from forward and backward half-bridges. The forward half-bridge conducts the current to the output side of level n, while the backward half-bridge conducts the current from level n to level n + 1. The developed multi-level ac-dc PEC is operated by switching signals generated by the sinusoidal level-shifted pulse width modulation (LSPWM) switching strategy. The multi-level ac-dc PEC is implemented for evaluating its performance, when used as a generator-side PEC in a PMG-based WECS. Performance results demonstrate reduced harmonic distortion in the input ac currents, improved power transfer from the PMG to the dc link, and reduced pulsations in the PMG electromagnetic torque.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134277605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945093
L. Martirano, E. Habib, G. Parise, Giacomo Greco, M. Cianfrini, L. Parise, F. Massarella, Paolo di Laura Frattura
Buildings with mixed residential and commercial units show relevant power peak that re further enhanced by shifting to electric source of nowadays gas-driven systems. The proposed solution is to organize a microgrid for such kind of buildings, aggregating different users with a common electric distribution system with a unique connection to the grid, a local common generation and a common heating/cooling system (electric-driven). This approach upgrades a group of independent several small users with rigid loads and chaotic behavior, to a large user with a flexible and controlled profile. A central building automation control system (BACS) managing all built-in technical systems and smart appliances may control load minute by minute, shifting in time plannable and controllable ones merging different kinds of load, obtaining a flatter diagram. The authors consider the suggested approach convenient to realize demand side management (DSM) for residential/commercial buildings. DSM exploits the flexibility of smart appliances and the thermal inertia of the structure, by imposing local and central set-points of heating and cooling systems according to the actual global net load and generation at a given moment. In the present paper, main aspects of the proposed control system are presented and simulations for a given case study with local PV generation are provided. Results show that this approach may lead to power peak reduction up to 20% even in the unfavorable case of combining commercial and residential units. Moreover, full self-consumption of locally generated energy from RES may be achieved.
{"title":"Demand side management in mixed residential/commercial buildings with PV on site generation","authors":"L. Martirano, E. Habib, G. Parise, Giacomo Greco, M. Cianfrini, L. Parise, F. Massarella, Paolo di Laura Frattura","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945093","url":null,"abstract":"Buildings with mixed residential and commercial units show relevant power peak that re further enhanced by shifting to electric source of nowadays gas-driven systems. The proposed solution is to organize a microgrid for such kind of buildings, aggregating different users with a common electric distribution system with a unique connection to the grid, a local common generation and a common heating/cooling system (electric-driven). This approach upgrades a group of independent several small users with rigid loads and chaotic behavior, to a large user with a flexible and controlled profile. A central building automation control system (BACS) managing all built-in technical systems and smart appliances may control load minute by minute, shifting in time plannable and controllable ones merging different kinds of load, obtaining a flatter diagram. The authors consider the suggested approach convenient to realize demand side management (DSM) for residential/commercial buildings. DSM exploits the flexibility of smart appliances and the thermal inertia of the structure, by imposing local and central set-points of heating and cooling systems according to the actual global net load and generation at a given moment. In the present paper, main aspects of the proposed control system are presented and simulations for a given case study with local PV generation are provided. Results show that this approach may lead to power peak reduction up to 20% even in the unfavorable case of combining commercial and residential units. Moreover, full self-consumption of locally generated energy from RES may be achieved.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115405811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945095
Long Zhao, Zhi-ying Yang, Weijen Lee
As a vital part of the Smart Grid concept, load participation has been widely accepted and applied by power industries. As an effective tool to improve reliability, stability, and financial efficiency of the power grids, Demand response (DR) has brought numerous financial and technical benefits to power systems. As one of the price-based DR programs with less control costs, the Time-of-Use (TOU) program has been applied as default rates by many utility companies. To avoid financial risks and make the most profit out of the wholesale market, utility companies treat TOU as an effective marketing strategy to change customers' electricity consumption patterns. However, due to the complexity of human behaviors and disparities of residential locations, many of the existing TOU programs are not as effective as expected. The purpose of this research is to examine the key reasons underlying the ineffectiveness of most extant TOU programs, and to demonstrate that zero pricing can be a remedy, due to its unique properties in enhancing consumers' responsiveness to TOU programs. Actual utility usage data from residential consumers in both Shanghai (China) and Texas (USA) are used to support our propositions. Properly implementing zero pricing into TOU programs with scientific strategy has the potential to bring considerable profit for utility companies.
{"title":"Effectiveness of zero pricing in TOU demand reponses at the residential level","authors":"Long Zhao, Zhi-ying Yang, Weijen Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945095","url":null,"abstract":"As a vital part of the Smart Grid concept, load participation has been widely accepted and applied by power industries. As an effective tool to improve reliability, stability, and financial efficiency of the power grids, Demand response (DR) has brought numerous financial and technical benefits to power systems. As one of the price-based DR programs with less control costs, the Time-of-Use (TOU) program has been applied as default rates by many utility companies. To avoid financial risks and make the most profit out of the wholesale market, utility companies treat TOU as an effective marketing strategy to change customers' electricity consumption patterns. However, due to the complexity of human behaviors and disparities of residential locations, many of the existing TOU programs are not as effective as expected. The purpose of this research is to examine the key reasons underlying the ineffectiveness of most extant TOU programs, and to demonstrate that zero pricing can be a remedy, due to its unique properties in enhancing consumers' responsiveness to TOU programs. Actual utility usage data from residential consumers in both Shanghai (China) and Texas (USA) are used to support our propositions. Properly implementing zero pricing into TOU programs with scientific strategy has the potential to bring considerable profit for utility companies.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129591243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945100
Ming-Tse Kuo, Ming-Chang Tsou, Shiue‐Der Lu
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have largely replaced conventional light circuits, and have been applied in household lighting, smart lighting, and commercial lighting systems. LED driver structures can be divided into single-stage or double-stage power management structures. Previously, systems with a single-stage power management structure, which featured a fixed-frequency structure, were commonly used for low-power systems, whereas those with a double-stage power management structure were regularly used for high-power commercial dimming systems. However, the use of two-stage power management structures is generally not recommended because they have several drawbacks, including poor power factors (PFs) under the all kinds of load condition, larger output power range, more expensive component costs, requiring extensive circuit sizes, and complex dimming systems. To solve these problems, this study proposed a single-stage flyback AC-DC converter for commercial LED dimming systems; this system structure replaces both single-stage and double-stage power management structures and ameliorates load efficiencies under light and heavy loads, enhances power factors, lowers total harmonic distortion, has a simple structure, and is cheap and easy to commercialize. To verify the feasibility of this structure in replacing existing structures, simulations and experiments were performed in commercial areas that required T8-LED 16.8 W converters per ping. Measured data showed a dimming range from of 6.5% load to 100% full load, a load efficiency of 88.51% at full load, a maximum power factor of 99.67%, and an overall system efficiency that satisfied Energy Star standards. Therefore, the converter proposed in this study can be used for LED lighting.
{"title":"Single-stage flyback AC-DC converters of high energy efficiency for commercial LED dimming systems","authors":"Ming-Tse Kuo, Ming-Chang Tsou, Shiue‐Der Lu","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945100","url":null,"abstract":"Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have largely replaced conventional light circuits, and have been applied in household lighting, smart lighting, and commercial lighting systems. LED driver structures can be divided into single-stage or double-stage power management structures. Previously, systems with a single-stage power management structure, which featured a fixed-frequency structure, were commonly used for low-power systems, whereas those with a double-stage power management structure were regularly used for high-power commercial dimming systems. However, the use of two-stage power management structures is generally not recommended because they have several drawbacks, including poor power factors (PFs) under the all kinds of load condition, larger output power range, more expensive component costs, requiring extensive circuit sizes, and complex dimming systems. To solve these problems, this study proposed a single-stage flyback AC-DC converter for commercial LED dimming systems; this system structure replaces both single-stage and double-stage power management structures and ameliorates load efficiencies under light and heavy loads, enhances power factors, lowers total harmonic distortion, has a simple structure, and is cheap and easy to commercialize. To verify the feasibility of this structure in replacing existing structures, simulations and experiments were performed in commercial areas that required T8-LED 16.8 W converters per ping. Measured data showed a dimming range from of 6.5% load to 100% full load, a load efficiency of 88.51% at full load, a maximum power factor of 99.67%, and an overall system efficiency that satisfied Energy Star standards. Therefore, the converter proposed in this study can be used for LED lighting.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127645825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945108
D. Paul
This paper clarifies the bolted single-phase-ground fault current flow directions and its' phasor diagram for a high-resistance grounded (HRG) power system. The paper clarifies that the system charging current 3ICO (vector sum of currents from un-faulted phases to ground) flow direction remains unchanged, whereas the same current called the capacitive component of the phase-ground fault current (ICGF) flow is in the reverse direction to 3ICO. This follows the mathematical relationship, ICGF = − 3ICO at the fault location and at the power system neutral. Many publications fail to apply this concept to phasor diagrams of phase-ground fault current, showing the phase-ground fault current power factor lagging, with respect to faulted phase-neutral voltage, which is questionable. Other publications, including the IEEE Std. 142-2007 contains figures of HRG systems that do not use the relationship ICGF = − 3ICO, causing application confusion. This paper recommends use of the relationship ICGF = − 3ICO for HRG power systems and se of “phasor” instead of “vector” to present phase-ground fault currents with respect to faulted phase-neutral voltage, and faulted phase to two un-faulted phases voltages.
{"title":"Phasor diagram of a single-phase-ground fault current in a high-resistance grounded power system","authors":"D. Paul","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945108","url":null,"abstract":"This paper clarifies the bolted single-phase-ground fault current flow directions and its' phasor diagram for a high-resistance grounded (HRG) power system. The paper clarifies that the system charging current 3I<inf>CO</inf> (vector sum of currents from un-faulted phases to ground) flow direction remains unchanged, whereas the same current called the capacitive component of the phase-ground fault current (I<inf>CGF</inf>) flow is in the reverse direction to 3I<inf>CO</inf>. This follows the mathematical relationship, I<inf>CGF</inf> = − 3I<inf>CO</inf> at the fault location and at the power system neutral. Many publications fail to apply this concept to phasor diagrams of phase-ground fault current, showing the phase-ground fault current power factor lagging, with respect to faulted phase-neutral voltage, which is questionable. Other publications, including the IEEE Std. 142-2007 contains figures of HRG systems that do not use the relationship I<inf>CGF</inf> = − 3I<inf>CO</inf>, causing application confusion. This paper recommends use of the relationship I<inf>CGF</inf> = − 3I<inf>CO</inf> for HRG power systems and se of “phasor” instead of “vector” to present phase-ground fault currents with respect to faulted phase-neutral voltage, and faulted phase to two un-faulted phases voltages.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128424703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945094
Kexing Lai, M. Illindala
Careful design and planning is essential for successful integration of energy storage system (ESS) in a shipboard dc hybrid power system. An optimization model for resiliency enhancement and total cost reduction is proposed in this paper. The resilience of a shipboard power system with and without ESS are evaluated by means of resiliency index values under fault conditions. Furthermore, the influence of ESS on total cost is analyzed quantitatively. A detailed design of ESS is carried out, and optimal ESS configurations with different device combinations for various requirements are determined. Both single-node static and dynamic planning strategies are evaluated and the principles of planning strategy selection are discussed. Several key results are presented from the optimization model, built on General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) platform. Simulation results show significant improvement from the proposed design and planning of ESS on shipboard dc hybrid power system.
{"title":"Design and planning strategy for energy storage system in a shipboard dc hybrid power system","authors":"Kexing Lai, M. Illindala","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945094","url":null,"abstract":"Careful design and planning is essential for successful integration of energy storage system (ESS) in a shipboard dc hybrid power system. An optimization model for resiliency enhancement and total cost reduction is proposed in this paper. The resilience of a shipboard power system with and without ESS are evaluated by means of resiliency index values under fault conditions. Furthermore, the influence of ESS on total cost is analyzed quantitatively. A detailed design of ESS is carried out, and optimal ESS configurations with different device combinations for various requirements are determined. Both single-node static and dynamic planning strategies are evaluated and the principles of planning strategy selection are discussed. Several key results are presented from the optimization model, built on General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) platform. Simulation results show significant improvement from the proposed design and planning of ESS on shipboard dc hybrid power system.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131550059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945109
F. Freschi, Massimo Mitolo, R. Tommasini
This paper discusses fundamental electrical safety issues, and the protection against electric shock of persons interacting with electric vehicles. The safety of users may be challenged by the vehicle's increased operating voltages, at different frequencies, possibly making more complex the protection against direct and indirect contacts. The electric safety of the vehicle is herein examined in both normal operating conditions, and in the case of electrical and/or mechanical failures; safety during charging is also examined. Solutions to improve safety are proposed, also in light of the evolution of the technology, and of applicable technical standards.
{"title":"Electrical safety of electric vehicles","authors":"F. Freschi, Massimo Mitolo, R. Tommasini","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2017.7945109","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses fundamental electrical safety issues, and the protection against electric shock of persons interacting with electric vehicles. The safety of users may be challenged by the vehicle's increased operating voltages, at different frequencies, possibly making more complex the protection against direct and indirect contacts. The electric safety of the vehicle is herein examined in both normal operating conditions, and in the case of electrical and/or mechanical failures; safety during charging is also examined. Solutions to improve safety are proposed, also in light of the evolution of the technology, and of applicable technical standards.","PeriodicalId":201563,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/IAS 53rd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"183 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121084336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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