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Sub-Riemannian Geometric Approach to Design Nonlinear Optimal STATCOM Controller for Power Systems 电力系统非线性最优STATCOM控制器的亚黎曼几何设计
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386882
A. Halder, Debasish Mondal
Sub-Riemannian geometry (SRG) is one of the important and innovative areas of modern optimal control theory. This work implements the idea of Riemannian’s to design nonlinear Static Compensator (STATCOM) for the mitigation of power system stability problem. The concept of minimizing geodesic of the sub-Riemannian geometry is employed to determine the optimal control law for a STATCOM. To test the nonlinear controllability of the study systems the method of iterative Lie brackets has been used. The robustness of the designed controller has been investigated by applying typical contingency to the study system. It has been revealed that the Sub-Riemannian geometry based nonlinear controller is effective in 3-phase-toearth fault circumstances. Advantage of SRG based controller design over other approaches is that the concept of geodesic can be easily framed to get nonlinear control law despite the lack of applicability of Ponttyagin’s Maximum Principle and other methods. Moreover, the complexity of solving the state and co-state equations required in the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) approach can be avoided in SRG method.
亚黎曼几何(SRG)是现代最优控制理论的重要创新领域之一。本文将黎曼的思想应用于非线性静态补偿器的设计,以缓解电力系统的稳定性问题。利用次黎曼几何的最小测地线概念确定了STATCOM的最优控制律。为了检验研究系统的非线性可控性,采用了迭代李括号法。通过将典型偶然性应用于研究系统,研究了所设计控制器的鲁棒性。研究表明,基于亚黎曼几何的非线性控制器在三相接地故障情况下是有效的。基于SRG的控制器设计相对于其他方法的优点是,尽管Ponttyagin极大值原理和其他方法缺乏适用性,但测地线的概念可以很容易地框架得到非线性控制律。此外,SRG方法还可以避免Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB)方法中求解状态方程和协态方程的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparative Review on Renewable Energy Application, Difficulties and Future Prospect 可再生能源的应用、难点与前景比较
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386520
U. Nath, Ruma Sen
According to the population growth, the energy demand has grown rapidly. Besides these, economic and technological improvement demands more energy utilization. But the world’s treasured energies are limited. It is also important that more uses of conventional energy resources create a huge greenhouse gas which have an adverse effect on global ecosystem. But without energy, modernization of our civilization is quite impossible. So, to save our planet, we have to choose some alternative resources of energy. That alternative energy sources should be renewable and sustainable. In this world we can find different types of renewable energy in different geographical position. The main advantages of renewable energy are that, it has a little effect on ecosystem, it can be collected even in bad weather condition and overall it is a weapon to fight against environmental pollution. It has a great influence on economic growth, job creation and energy security. But there are some problems in storing of renewable energy. Scientists and investors are continuously trying to overcome this problem. Sometime, protest from common people during the installation of renewable energy set up, make the situation difficult. Employment opportunities and some facilities reduce the protest against the application of sustainable energy. Public education and awareness on renewable energy helps the policymaker to make decisions. From study of review papers about the renewable energy it is found that a massive experiment is going on sustainable energy. This paper has established an idea about different renewable energy application, their difficulties of application and their solution. It is also observed that with rising government strategy to reduce carbon emission for economic growth and with proper technique and storage arrangement, the renewable energy application will significantly expand in few years.
随着人口的增长,能源需求迅速增长。除此之外,经济和技术的进步要求更多的能源利用。但是这个世界珍贵的能源是有限的。同样重要的是,更多地使用传统能源会产生巨大的温室气体,对全球生态系统产生不利影响。但是没有能源,我们的文明现代化是不可能的。所以,为了拯救我们的星球,我们必须选择一些替代能源。替代能源应该是可再生和可持续的。在这个世界上,我们可以在不同的地理位置找到不同类型的可再生能源。可再生能源的主要优点是,它对生态系统的影响很小,即使在恶劣的天气条件下也可以收集,总的来说,它是对抗环境污染的武器。它对经济增长、创造就业和能源安全有着巨大的影响。但是可再生能源的储存存在一些问题。科学家和投资者一直在努力克服这个问题。有时,在安装可再生能源装置期间,普通民众的抗议使情况变得困难。就业机会和一些设施减少了对可持续能源应用的抗议。公众对可再生能源的教育和认识有助于决策者做出决策。通过对可再生能源相关文献的研究发现,人们正在对可持续能源进行大规模的实验。本文对不同类型的可再生能源的应用、应用难点及解决方案进行了阐述。研究还发现,随着政府减少碳排放以促进经济增长的战略的加强,加上适当的技术和储存安排,可再生能源的应用将在几年内显著扩大。
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引用次数: 10
The Factors of Environmental and Social Awareness, Altruism as Determinants of Purchase Intention, Green Brand Loyalty and Green Brand Evangelism 环境与社会意识因素、利他主义作为购买意愿的决定因素、绿色品牌忠诚与绿色品牌传播
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386784
Agil Devrian Saputra, Windi Pranoto, Yuniarty
The environment continues to run into damage due to excessive consumption patterns of unfriendly environment products. Therefore, in order to mend the current condition of the earth, we must change over to the use of green brands (non-plastic). More and more consumers were aware of the impact that unfriendly products consumed could have a negative impact on the environment. This could be used by companies and marketers to promote their green brands. And support from the government of Jakarta, Indonesia, which encourages the use of green brands (non-plastic). This study analyzed the factors of environmental and social awareness in Jakarta, Indonesia, as determinants of green brand loyalty, purchase intention and green brand evangelism. The testing was using the technique of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Partial Least Square (PLS). This study targeted 155 respondents as a sample with respondents who have used green brands to collect data using online questionnaires. The study findings showed that the factors of environmental and social awareness, altruism of purchase intention and green brand loyalty have a significant effect on the determinants of purchase intention, green brand loyalty and green brand evangelism.
由于过度消费对环境不友好的产品,环境继续受到破坏。因此,为了修补地球的现状,我们必须转向使用绿色品牌(非塑料)。越来越多的消费者意识到消费不友好产品会对环境产生负面影响。这可以被公司和营销人员用来推广他们的绿色品牌。印尼雅加达政府鼓励使用绿色品牌(非塑料)。本研究分析印尼雅加达的环境和社会意识因素,作为绿色品牌忠诚度、购买意愿和绿色品牌传播的决定因素。检验采用结构方程模型(SEM)偏最小二乘法(PLS)技术。本研究以155名受访者为样本,使用绿色品牌的受访者通过在线问卷收集数据。研究发现,环境与社会意识、购买意愿的利他性和绿色品牌忠诚对购买意愿、绿色品牌忠诚和绿色品牌传播的决定因素有显著影响。
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引用次数: 3
Maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic system by Perturb & Observe and Incremental Conductance methods under normal and partial shading conditions 用摄动观测法和增量电导法跟踪正常和部分遮阳条件下光伏系统的最大功率点
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386964
Saptaparna Basu Roy Chowdhury, A. Mukherjee, P. Gayen
Photovoltaic cells or PV cells and solar power are prime topics of research and investigation now a day, especially in an era when conventional fuels are on the verge of extinction in near future. Hence, determination of the Maximum Power Point or MPP is indispensable for extracting the peak power out of the solar cells at any given point of time. The proposed method investigates the Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance Method to track the same MPP of Photovoltaic System under normal condition. This work has been extended further to study the situation of failure of these above methods to track MPP during partial shading of the solar cells. A simulation model of an array of PV cells is designed in MATLAB software and simulation is conducted for observing I-V characteristics of the same. The acquired signals are further analyzed using the above two methods to obtain the MPP under normal operating condition; as well as, the condition of failure of the same in case of partial shading occurring due to any natural, environmental or manmade causes as also studied. It is observed that the above techniques are effective for single peak P-V curve only and fails under multiple peaks which arise during partial shading conditions.
光伏电池或PV电池和太阳能发电是当今研究和调查的主要主题,特别是在传统燃料在不久的将来濒临灭绝的时代。因此,确定最大功率点或MPP对于提取太阳能电池在任何给定时间点的峰值功率是必不可少的。该方法研究了摄动观测法和增量电导法在正常情况下对光伏系统相同MPP的跟踪。本工作将进一步扩展到研究上述方法在太阳能电池部分遮阳时跟踪MPP的失败情况。在MATLAB软件中设计了光伏电池阵列的仿真模型,并对其I-V特性进行了仿真观察。利用上述两种方法对采集到的信号进行进一步分析,得到正常工作状态下的MPP;此外,还研究了由于任何自然、环境或人为原因造成部分遮阳的情况下,相同的失效情况。观察到上述技术仅对单峰P-V曲线有效,而在部分遮阳条件下出现的多峰P-V曲线失效。
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引用次数: 3
Traffic Surveillance and Navigation of Un-Armed Vehicle with Conversion of solar energy 基于太阳能转换的非武装车辆交通监控与导航
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386739
Sayan Samanta, Shreyash K. Dutta, Sayak Banerjee, Soumodip Sengupta, Naveen Kumar Garika
Now a day’s dependence on modern technology is increasing with high momentum. There is a certain increase in the use of modern technology during the last two decades specially the last decade have saw some tremendous break -through in modern technology. Today almost every field is dependent on modern technology. One of the most dependent and useful technology is “Un-Armed Areal Vehicle” or DRONE. It has flexibility of take-off and landing in wide range. DRONES can be very useful in rescuing mission. Attaching the DRONE with camera with night vision mode then it can be used in searching operations even in the dark and by attaching it with a diaphragm we could hear the sound by taking to a certain range for the sound to be received as a result it could also be utilised as SPY DRONE thus enabling the user to rescue or spying by keeping the operator at safe place. Solar energy is also a very useful non-exhaustible source for increasing endurance of UAVs as endurance is one of the main drawbacks in UAVs. Hence drones are also operated with solar energy.
如今,人们对现代科技的依赖正在迅猛增长。在过去的二十年里,现代技术的使用有了一定的增加,特别是在过去的十年里,现代技术取得了一些巨大的突破。今天,几乎每个领域都依赖于现代技术。最依赖和有用的技术之一是“非武装无人机”或无人机。它具有大范围起降的灵活性。无人机在救援任务中非常有用。将无人机与带有夜视模式的相机连接起来,然后它甚至可以在黑暗中用于搜索操作,并且通过将它与隔膜连接起来,我们可以通过将声音接收到一定范围来听到声音,因此它也可以用作SPY无人机,从而使用户能够通过将操作员保持在安全的地方来救援或间谍。太阳能也是提高无人机续航能力的一种非常有用的不竭能源,因为续航能力是无人机的主要缺点之一。因此,无人机也使用太阳能。
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引用次数: 0
Robust Lyapunov based Observer for Estimation of SoC of Lithium-Ion Battery 基于稳健Lyapunov的锂离子电池荷电状态估计观测器
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386733
Palash Jain, Saumajit Saha, V. Sankaranarayanan
State of Charge (SoC) estimation is one of the most important functions of the Battery Management System as it ensures safe and reliable operation of Lithium-Ion battery. A state estimator is used for Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) estimation, which is then used to estimate SoC from the known SoC-OCV function. A robust observer is used for state estimation since the internal parameters of the Lithium-Ion battery are sensitive to SoC. Moreover, the stability and convergence of the proposed observer are guaranteed by Lyapunov-based stability analysis. The simple design and less computational complexity of the proposed observer makes it easy to be implemented on a low-cost microcontroller.
荷电状态(SoC)估算是电池管理系统的重要功能之一,是锂离子电池安全可靠运行的重要保障。状态估计器用于开路电压(OCV)估计,然后根据已知的SoC-OCV函数估计SoC。由于锂离子电池内部参数对荷电状态敏感,采用鲁棒观测器进行状态估计。通过基于lyapunov的稳定性分析,保证了该观测器的稳定性和收敛性。该观测器设计简单,计算复杂度低,易于在低成本微控制器上实现。
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引用次数: 0
Relevance of Color spaces and Color channels in performing Image dehazing 色彩空间和色彩通道在图像消雾中的相关性
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386521
Sriparna Banerjee, Pritam Ghosh, Pranay Kumar Singha, Swati Chowdhuri, S. S. Chaudhuri
In recent years, image dehazing has became a widely popular research topic because of its societal importance. Proper dehazing of images is very necessary to restore the visibility of images. In order to perform accurate dehazing of images it is very essential to identify the color channels of hazy images in different color spaces which are getting more influenced by the scattering and attenuation of scene light due to the presence of haze particles in the atmosphere in comparison to the other less influenced color channels so that the effect of airlight on the selected (more influenced) color channels can be removed and visibility of degraded hazy images can be fully restored without even processing the least influenced color channels. In this paper, we have performed a comprehensive analyses by comparing the histograms and the intensities of the color channels of different hazy (both nighttime and daytime) images and haze free images of the same scene to identify which of the color channels in RGB, HSV and L*a*b color spaces are getting more influenced by the presence of haze in the atmosphere in both daytime and nighttime hazy images as the characteristics of nighttime hazy images vastly differs from those of daytime hazy images.
近年来,图像去雾因其重要的社会意义而成为一个广泛流行的研究课题。为了恢复图像的可见性,对图像进行适当的去雾处理是十分必要的。为了执行准确dehazing图像是很基本的识别颜色通道的模糊图像在不同的颜色空间越来越受到现场光的散射和衰减由于大气霾粒子的存在相比,其他不影响颜色通道,这样空气光对选择的影响(影响)颜色通道可以删除和可见性退化的模糊图像可以完全恢复甚至不处理影响最小的颜色通道。在本文中,我们进行了全面的分析,通过比较同一场景的不同雾霾(包括夜间和白天)图像和无雾霾图像的直方图和颜色通道的强度,以确定哪些颜色通道在RGB中,由于夜间朦胧图像的特征与白天朦胧图像有很大的不同,因此无论是白天朦胧图像还是夜间朦胧图像,HSV和L*a*b色彩空间都受到大气中雾霾的影响越来越大。
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引用次数: 0
Design of DC-DC converter-based interfacing for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery 基于DC-DC转换器的钒液流电池接口设计
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386743
Bidisha Samanta, Archisman Kar, Sayantan Chanda, A. Bhattacharjee
This paper contains a design of a charge controller system for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB) based on dc-dc converter schemes. The pulse width modulated boost converter has been chosen for this purpose because of its ability to regulate the dc output voltage with high efficiency and simple control. Contrary to normal batteries used in same applicable fields, the point of contention in designing a VRFB system charge controller happen to be that charging current of the battery and the compatible electrolyte flow rate for keeping overall system efficiency high, while achieving maximum charging efficiency and energy transfer rate. This charging system scheme was formulated and executed on a 6 kWh VRFB storage setup. The charging scheme that was implemented in this setup uses a 3-stage energy transfer algorithm, and practical optimization of solar irradiance profiles have been incorporated here. The equivalent electrical model of the scheme has been simulated and tested in computer simulation software like MATLAB and Simulink and the results have been used to further optimize the charging scheme. The performance parameters like output terminal voltage of the total battery system, state of charge (SOC), power consumed at charging, power output at discharge, etc. are analyzed in results. A generalized VRFB charging system is presented in this paper and thus can be very useful in solar PV power system in terms of scalable VRFB storage application.
本文设计了一种基于dc-dc变换器的钒液流电池充电控制器系统。脉宽调制升压变换器具有调节直流输出电压的效率高、控制简单等优点,因此被选用。与相同应用领域使用的普通电池不同,VRFB系统充电控制器设计的争论点恰好是电池的充电电流和兼容的电解质流速,以保持系统整体效率高,同时实现最大的充电效率和能量传输速率。该充电系统方案在6 kWh VRFB存储装置上制定并执行。在此设置中实现的充电方案使用了三阶段能量传递算法,并在此纳入了太阳辐照度剖面的实际优化。在MATLAB、Simulink等计算机仿真软件中对该方案的等效电学模型进行了仿真和测试,并利用仿真结果对充电方案进行了进一步优化。结果分析了整个电池系统的输出端电压、充电状态(SOC)、充电时消耗的功率、放电时输出的功率等性能参数。本文提出了一种通用的VRFB充电系统,可用于太阳能光伏发电系统中可扩展的VRFB存储应用。
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引用次数: 1
Study and Verification of Ferroresonance Simulated with Rudenburg’s Method 鲁登堡法模拟铁磁共振的研究与验证
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386880
Rajat Shubhra Pal, M. Roy
Ferroresonance is a complicated electrical phenomenon which has long been a problem for power utilities. Besides establishing mitigation techniques, researchers have also concentrated their efforts to predict or confirm ferroresonance occurrence in susceptible networks. The study requires mathematically adequate transformer models for computer simulations. A graphical analysis had been done by R. Rudenburge in the year 1950. But it was difficult to simulate those analyses experimentally in power system as ferroresonance may lead to complete destruction of the transformer under ferroresonance. Objective of this paper is to study ferroresonance and examine the effect of variation of different circuit parameters on ferroresonance using a suitable circuit model. The non-linear dynamic model of the transformer is used and ferroresonance has been simulated under various circuit conditions and compared with R. Rudenburge method.
铁共振是一种复杂的电现象,长期以来一直困扰着电力系统。除了建立缓解技术外,研究人员还集中精力预测或确认易感网络中铁共振的发生。这项研究需要数学上足够的变压器模型来进行计算机模拟。Rudenburge在1950年做了一个图形分析。但由于铁磁谐振可能导致变压器在铁磁谐振下完全损坏,因此在电力系统中很难进行实验模拟。本文的目的是利用合适的电路模型,研究不同电路参数的变化对铁磁谐振的影响。采用变压器的非线性动力学模型,在各种电路条件下进行了铁磁谐振仿真,并与R. Rudenburge方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 3
A Survey on Mobile Edge Computing: Efficient Energy Management System 移动边缘计算研究:高效能源管理系统
Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1109/IEMRE52042.2021.9386951
Charu Guleria, K. Das, A. Sahu
With a sharp and steady growth of handheld devices, Internet of Things (IoT) and their related sectors, the need for more demanding, computation-intensive at subsequently lower latency has arisen. To curb the growing need while moving along the ever-increasing pace of resource-hungry and intensive mobile and handheld applications like the better quality of graphics and animation in the mobile gaming industry, there is an ardent need for powerful computational hardware. By bringing cloud computing resources to the end-users (mobile devices in this context), otherwise known as MEC (mobile edge computing) and thus it proves to be efficient energy management of resources like lower offloading computation and less time taken for computation. The need for capable hardware is solved by using existing cloud services. MEC holds the potential to give a platform to the numerous content marketers and services towards the handheld and mobile industry. The improvement in networking and newer and efficient technological advancements make MEC a highly potent possibility. A brief overview of MEC, its related research and advances have been discussed in the paper.
随着手持设备、物联网(IoT)及其相关领域的急剧稳定增长,对更高要求、计算密集型、随后更低延迟的需求已经出现。为了抑制不断增长的需求,同时跟上资源消耗和密集的移动和手持应用(如移动游戏行业中更高质量的图像和动画)不断增长的步伐,人们迫切需要强大的计算硬件。通过将云计算资源带给最终用户(在这种情况下的移动设备),也称为MEC(移动边缘计算),因此它被证明是有效的资源能源管理,如更低的卸载计算和更少的计算时间。使用现有的云服务解决了对功能强大的硬件的需求。MEC有潜力为众多面向手持和移动行业的内容营销人员和服务提供一个平台。网络的改进和更新高效的技术进步使MEC成为一种非常强大的可能性。本文简要介绍了MEC的研究概况,并对其相关研究进展进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2021 Innovations in Energy Management and Renewable Resources(52042)
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