Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456403
Zhichao Ji, Huabiao Qin
Face detection is the process of locating the position where faces are present in an image. Not all proposed face detection methods are suitable for direct hardware implementation. This paper proposes an improved skin-color based face detect method and outlines its transition from a software to hardware-based implementation. The hardware implementation of the face detect algorithm is examined by the FPGA (ALTERA CYCLONE EP1C6, field programmable gate arrays). Results show that it is robust to challenges of cluttered backgrounds, partial occlusion and varying illuminations. Its high detection and tracking performance makes it quite suitable for real-time applications, especially for power-limited devices, such as video surveillance systems for automated security, environment, transportation and health-care monitoring applications.
{"title":"A vehicle surveillance system for face detection","authors":"Zhichao Ji, Huabiao Qin","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456403","url":null,"abstract":"Face detection is the process of locating the position where faces are present in an image. Not all proposed face detection methods are suitable for direct hardware implementation. This paper proposes an improved skin-color based face detect method and outlines its transition from a software to hardware-based implementation. The hardware implementation of the face detect algorithm is examined by the FPGA (ALTERA CYCLONE EP1C6, field programmable gate arrays). Results show that it is robust to challenges of cluttered backgrounds, partial occlusion and varying illuminations. Its high detection and tracking performance makes it quite suitable for real-time applications, especially for power-limited devices, such as video surveillance systems for automated security, environment, transportation and health-care monitoring applications.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130769427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456365
L. de Oliveira Neris, V.O. Roda, O. Trindade
Automatic guidance systems have became important in agriculture to reduce the operator's work and fatigue, resulting in higher efficiency and safety in field operations. Most crops are cultivated in rows, hence enabling the development of a row-recognition system to accurately follow a row of plants without overrunning the crop. This paper presents a novel approach for extracting agricultural machine position from field images based on the look-ahead method and vanishing points. The proposed method facilitates the development of the guidance controller, simplifying the tuning and increasing the guidance system response and stability. The goal was to develop a quick position extraction method, based on the fact that by decreasing the image processing time increases the position data rate, providing fast response feedback control. Results demonstrated that the use of look- ahead method and vanishing point simplifies the guidance controller development and satisfactorily works with shadows, gaps, weeds and different light conditions.
{"title":"A method for agricultural machine guidance on row crops based on the vanishing point","authors":"L. de Oliveira Neris, V.O. Roda, O. Trindade","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456365","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic guidance systems have became important in agriculture to reduce the operator's work and fatigue, resulting in higher efficiency and safety in field operations. Most crops are cultivated in rows, hence enabling the development of a row-recognition system to accurately follow a row of plants without overrunning the crop. This paper presents a novel approach for extracting agricultural machine position from field images based on the look-ahead method and vanishing points. The proposed method facilitates the development of the guidance controller, simplifying the tuning and increasing the guidance system response and stability. The goal was to develop a quick position extraction method, based on the fact that by decreasing the image processing time increases the position data rate, providing fast response feedback control. Results demonstrated that the use of look- ahead method and vanishing point simplifies the guidance controller development and satisfactorily works with shadows, gaps, weeds and different light conditions.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123177986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456364
Zhou Lei, Luo Yugong, Yang Diange, L. Keqiang, Lian Xiaomin
Regenerative braking plays an important role in improving the efficiency of electric vehicles. But excessive regenerative torque may affect the anti-lock brake control. The paper presents a novel brake control strategy for electric vehicles which integrates the regenerative brake control and anti-lock brake control. The strategy is designed based on a novel idea called "slip trial method", where the regenerative brake torque and the friction brake torque are coordinated according to the slip of driving wheels. The strategy depends on neither road condition identification nor longitudinal braking force estimation. Simulation studies show that the strategy can obtain almost the optimal regenerative brake efficiency, and the tire slips are regulated in the stable region.
{"title":"A novel brake control strategy for electric vehicles based on slip trial method","authors":"Zhou Lei, Luo Yugong, Yang Diange, L. Keqiang, Lian Xiaomin","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456364","url":null,"abstract":"Regenerative braking plays an important role in improving the efficiency of electric vehicles. But excessive regenerative torque may affect the anti-lock brake control. The paper presents a novel brake control strategy for electric vehicles which integrates the regenerative brake control and anti-lock brake control. The strategy is designed based on a novel idea called \"slip trial method\", where the regenerative brake torque and the friction brake torque are coordinated according to the slip of driving wheels. The strategy depends on neither road condition identification nor longitudinal braking force estimation. Simulation studies show that the strategy can obtain almost the optimal regenerative brake efficiency, and the tire slips are regulated in the stable region.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"2006 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120920285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Location-aware computing becomes an exciting research as recent advancements in RF circuits and wireless communication stacks. In this paper, we present a fingerprinting based location estimation technology in ZigBee network. The system uses the signal strength from several base stations rather than time or angle for determining the location of mobile station. Instead of modeling the complex attenuation of signal strength, the system models the probabilistic distribution in different geographical areas which we called fingerprinting. It combines the measured data and fingerprinting to determine the mobile station's location. The experiment results demonstrate the validity of location estimation in ZigBee network based on fingerprinting.
{"title":"Location estimation in ZigBee Network based on fingerprinting","authors":"Qingming Yao, Fei-Yue Wang, Hui Gao, Kunfeng Wang, Hongxia Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456358","url":null,"abstract":"Location-aware computing becomes an exciting research as recent advancements in RF circuits and wireless communication stacks. In this paper, we present a fingerprinting based location estimation technology in ZigBee network. The system uses the signal strength from several base stations rather than time or angle for determining the location of mobile station. Instead of modeling the complex attenuation of signal strength, the system models the probabilistic distribution in different geographical areas which we called fingerprinting. It combines the measured data and fingerprinting to determine the mobile station's location. The experiment results demonstrate the validity of location estimation in ZigBee network based on fingerprinting.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129099543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456401
Huabiao Qin, Yongpin Gao, Honglin Gan
Whether a driver is fatigued or not can be reflected by his eyes during the course of driving, so it is practical to use the information about the driver's eyes to monitor his fatigue state. Among these, eye location is the key problem. Based on the existing eye location algorithms, specifically for the driver fatigue state surveillance system, this paper presents a method based on facial features. The experiment results show that this method is robust and real-time, it's adaptive to human face in different conditions such as different backgrounds, different light conditions, different size and rotating angles, open and close eyes, with glasses on or not.
{"title":"Precise eye location in driver fatigue state surveillance system","authors":"Huabiao Qin, Yongpin Gao, Honglin Gan","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456401","url":null,"abstract":"Whether a driver is fatigued or not can be reflected by his eyes during the course of driving, so it is practical to use the information about the driver's eyes to monitor his fatigue state. Among these, eye location is the key problem. Based on the existing eye location algorithms, specifically for the driver fatigue state surveillance system, this paper presents a method based on facial features. The experiment results show that this method is robust and real-time, it's adaptive to human face in different conditions such as different backgrounds, different light conditions, different size and rotating angles, open and close eyes, with glasses on or not.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115710153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456371
Xuezhi Wen, Huai Yuan, Chunyan Song, Wei Liu, Hong Zhao
A motorcycle detection algorithm is proposed to solve imbalanced datasets in motorcycle recognition based on SVM ensembles. Moreover, an improved Wavelet feature algorithm is also presented. Experimental results show that the presented method has high precision and recall. Furthermore, the system performance can also be improved by increasing learning.
{"title":"An algorithm based on SVM ensembles for motorcycle recognition","authors":"Xuezhi Wen, Huai Yuan, Chunyan Song, Wei Liu, Hong Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456371","url":null,"abstract":"A motorcycle detection algorithm is proposed to solve imbalanced datasets in motorcycle recognition based on SVM ensembles. Moreover, an improved Wavelet feature algorithm is also presented. Experimental results show that the presented method has high precision and recall. Furthermore, the system performance can also be improved by increasing learning.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117166000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456404
Liu Xin, Dai Bin, He Hangen
TMs paper presents a real-time single-frame pedestrian detection approach. Combining efficient interesting regions selection and proper SVM classifier, the method is applicable to the autonomous vehicles running on urban roads. Experiment results with test dataset extracted from real driving on urban roads are presented to illustrate the performance of this approach.
{"title":"Vision-based real-time pedestrian detection for autonomous vehicle","authors":"Liu Xin, Dai Bin, He Hangen","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456404","url":null,"abstract":"TMs paper presents a real-time single-frame pedestrian detection approach. Combining efficient interesting regions selection and proper SVM classifier, the method is applicable to the autonomous vehicles running on urban roads. Experiment results with test dataset extracted from real driving on urban roads are presented to illustrate the performance of this approach.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123469505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456372
Wei Liu, Chunyan Song, Xuezhi Wen, Huai Yuan, Hong Zhao
A monocular vision based detection algorithm is presented to detect rear vehicles. Our detection algorithm consist of two main steps: knowledge based hypothesis generation and appearance based hypothesis verification. In the hypothesis generation step, a shadow extraction method is proposed based on contrast sensitivity to extract regions of interest (ROI), it can effectively solve the problems caused by casting shadow and illuminations. In the hypothesis verification step, one improved wavelet feature extraction approach based on HSV space was proposed. Moreover, in order to satisfy different application requirements, a new method based on probability density function is proposed to decide the decision boundary for Support Vector Machine. The algorithm was tested under various traffic scenes at different daytime, the result illustrated good performance.
{"title":"A monocular-vision rear vehicle detection algorithm","authors":"Wei Liu, Chunyan Song, Xuezhi Wen, Huai Yuan, Hong Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456372","url":null,"abstract":"A monocular vision based detection algorithm is presented to detect rear vehicles. Our detection algorithm consist of two main steps: knowledge based hypothesis generation and appearance based hypothesis verification. In the hypothesis generation step, a shadow extraction method is proposed based on contrast sensitivity to extract regions of interest (ROI), it can effectively solve the problems caused by casting shadow and illuminations. In the hypothesis verification step, one improved wavelet feature extraction approach based on HSV space was proposed. Moreover, in order to satisfy different application requirements, a new method based on probability density function is proposed to decide the decision boundary for Support Vector Machine. The algorithm was tested under various traffic scenes at different daytime, the result illustrated good performance.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128258345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456400
Guangcai, Yugong, Ke-qiang, Xiaomin, Zou, Luo, Li, Lian
A slip ratio control method using fuzzy dynamical sliding mode strategy (fuzzy DSMC) is proposed to reduce the slip ratio oscillations in the independent AWD EV traction control. The slip ratios are also accurately estimated in a new way to support this control process. Firstly in this control method, the fuzzy logic method is applied respectively to regulate the switching surface and the reaching law of DSMC with the estimated slip ratios, which are used to weaken the chattering and improve the convergence rate to some extent Furthermore the control structure of DSMC is designed to obtain the smooth torque outputs from all independent traction motors, which are implemented in the anti-skid control for EV in the end. The simulation experiments show that the method can greatly avoid the drawback of control chattering occurred in the classical sliding mode control. Moreover, the robustness of systems for parameter uncertainties is also guaranteed in simulation validation.
{"title":"Slip ratio control of independent AWD EV based on fuzzy DSMC","authors":"Guangcai, Yugong, Ke-qiang, Xiaomin, Zou, Luo, Li, Lian","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456400","url":null,"abstract":"A slip ratio control method using fuzzy dynamical sliding mode strategy (fuzzy DSMC) is proposed to reduce the slip ratio oscillations in the independent AWD EV traction control. The slip ratios are also accurately estimated in a new way to support this control process. Firstly in this control method, the fuzzy logic method is applied respectively to regulate the switching surface and the reaching law of DSMC with the estimated slip ratios, which are used to weaken the chattering and improve the convergence rate to some extent Furthermore the control structure of DSMC is designed to obtain the smooth torque outputs from all independent traction motors, which are implemented in the anti-skid control for EV in the end. The simulation experiments show that the method can greatly avoid the drawback of control chattering occurred in the classical sliding mode control. Moreover, the robustness of systems for parameter uncertainties is also guaranteed in simulation validation.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"412 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134288697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456386
Fei Yan, T. Tang
The safety of control systems are becoming increasingly important as computers pervade them on which human life depends. In rail transportation fields, this has become more complex and the methods to ensure the correctness of train control system have been slow in development. The failure to meet time deadline can have serious or even fatal consequences. This paper presents a new method for performing this verification task. In the proposed method the real-time system is modeled by Timed Automata Network (TAN) and verified by model checking which explores the state space to determine whether the system satisfies a given specification. The case study of ATP (Automatic Train Protection) shows how the method can assist in designing more efficient and reliable real-time systems. Firstly, the state transitions and multi-tasks ATP onboard model will be modeled with Timed Automata Network (TAN) model, and then the time sequences of each task are expressed in UML Sequence Diagrams. Finally, the timing characteristics will be verified to meet the requirement by SMV model checker. A major conclusion of the survey is that formal methods, while still immature in some respects, can be used successfully to model and verify real-time concurrent systems.
{"title":"Formal modeling and verification of real-time concurrent systems","authors":"Fei Yan, T. Tang","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456386","url":null,"abstract":"The safety of control systems are becoming increasingly important as computers pervade them on which human life depends. In rail transportation fields, this has become more complex and the methods to ensure the correctness of train control system have been slow in development. The failure to meet time deadline can have serious or even fatal consequences. This paper presents a new method for performing this verification task. In the proposed method the real-time system is modeled by Timed Automata Network (TAN) and verified by model checking which explores the state space to determine whether the system satisfies a given specification. The case study of ATP (Automatic Train Protection) shows how the method can assist in designing more efficient and reliable real-time systems. Firstly, the state transitions and multi-tasks ATP onboard model will be modeled with Timed Automata Network (TAN) model, and then the time sequences of each task are expressed in UML Sequence Diagrams. Finally, the timing characteristics will be verified to meet the requirement by SMV model checker. A major conclusion of the survey is that formal methods, while still immature in some respects, can be used successfully to model and verify real-time concurrent systems.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"364 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124576502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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