Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456370
Xuezhi Wen, Huai Yuan, Wei Liu, Hong Zhao
Feature extraction is a key point of pattern recognition. Wavelet features are attractive for vehicle detection because they form a compact representation, encode edges, capture information from multi-resolution, and can be computed efficiently. This paper concerns the improvement of wavelet features. Currently, the wavelet features directly based on signed coefficients are easily affected by the surroundings and illumination conditions and cause high intra-class variability. In order to deal with this problem, an improved wavelet feature extraction approach based on unsigned coefficients is proposed. Compare the proposed approach to current popular feature extraction methods using Support Vector Machine (SVM) for vehicle detection. The proposed approach shows super performance under various illuminations and different roads (different day time, different scenes: highway, urban common road, urban narrow road).
{"title":"An improved wavelet feature extraction approach for vehicle detection","authors":"Xuezhi Wen, Huai Yuan, Wei Liu, Hong Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456370","url":null,"abstract":"Feature extraction is a key point of pattern recognition. Wavelet features are attractive for vehicle detection because they form a compact representation, encode edges, capture information from multi-resolution, and can be computed efficiently. This paper concerns the improvement of wavelet features. Currently, the wavelet features directly based on signed coefficients are easily affected by the surroundings and illumination conditions and cause high intra-class variability. In order to deal with this problem, an improved wavelet feature extraction approach based on unsigned coefficients is proposed. Compare the proposed approach to current popular feature extraction methods using Support Vector Machine (SVM) for vehicle detection. The proposed approach shows super performance under various illuminations and different roads (different day time, different scenes: highway, urban common road, urban narrow road).","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131161909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456399
Guangcai Zou, Yugong Luo, X. Lian, Keqiang Li
A direct yaw-moment control (DYC) method based on the control target dynamic regulated is proposed to achieve integrated optimization between stability and maneuverability for the DYC system of independent 4WD EV. Firstly, the integrated control target for the stability and maneuverability is determined with the improved 2DOF bicycle model. Furthermore based on the "feedforward+feedback" control structure, the DYC controller is designed which combines the dynamical sliding mode control (DSMC) and LQ control. In the end the direct yaw moment is realized by the longitudinal forces of the four independent driving wheels which are distributed utilizing the symmetry strategy. The simulation experiments show that this DYC system can restrain the side slip angle effectively and keep higher yaw rate without the deterioration of the longitudinal performance. Moreover, the robustness of systems for road adhesion conditions variation and vehicle parameters uncertainties is also guaranteed in simulation validation.
{"title":"A research of DYC for independent 4WD EV based on control target dynamic regulated","authors":"Guangcai Zou, Yugong Luo, X. Lian, Keqiang Li","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456399","url":null,"abstract":"A direct yaw-moment control (DYC) method based on the control target dynamic regulated is proposed to achieve integrated optimization between stability and maneuverability for the DYC system of independent 4WD EV. Firstly, the integrated control target for the stability and maneuverability is determined with the improved 2DOF bicycle model. Furthermore based on the \"feedforward+feedback\" control structure, the DYC controller is designed which combines the dynamical sliding mode control (DSMC) and LQ control. In the end the direct yaw moment is realized by the longitudinal forces of the four independent driving wheels which are distributed utilizing the symmetry strategy. The simulation experiments show that this DYC system can restrain the side slip angle effectively and keep higher yaw rate without the deterioration of the longitudinal performance. Moreover, the robustness of systems for road adhesion conditions variation and vehicle parameters uncertainties is also guaranteed in simulation validation.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"450 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134485518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456381
Tianyi Hong, Huabiao Qin
It is a difficult problem to make drivers drowsiness detection meet the needs of real time in embedded system; meanwhile, there are still some unsolved problems like drivers' head tilted and size of eye image not large enough. This paper proposes an efficient method to solve these problems for eye state identification of drivers' drowsiness detection in embedded system which based on image processing techniques. This method break traditional way of drowsiness detection to make it real time, it utilizes face detection and eye detection to initialize the location of driver's eyes; after that an object tracking method is used to keep track of the eyes; finally, we can identify drowsiness state of driver with PERCLOS by identified eye state. Experiment results show that it makes good agreement with analysis.
{"title":"Drivers drowsiness detection in embedded system","authors":"Tianyi Hong, Huabiao Qin","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456381","url":null,"abstract":"It is a difficult problem to make drivers drowsiness detection meet the needs of real time in embedded system; meanwhile, there are still some unsolved problems like drivers' head tilted and size of eye image not large enough. This paper proposes an efficient method to solve these problems for eye state identification of drivers' drowsiness detection in embedded system which based on image processing techniques. This method break traditional way of drowsiness detection to make it real time, it utilizes face detection and eye detection to initialize the location of driver's eyes; after that an object tracking method is used to keep track of the eyes; finally, we can identify drowsiness state of driver with PERCLOS by identified eye state. Experiment results show that it makes good agreement with analysis.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122530121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456389
W. Feng, Z. Hu, Ma Xiao-jian, Yang Lin, Z. Bin
A novel regenerative braking algorithm based on continuously variable transmission is proposed to make effective and maximum use of the brake energy in order to improve fuel economy. In the braking torque distribution of the novel regenerative algorithm, the regenerative torque is determined by considering the vehicle velocity, the maximal generation torque and state of the electric motor, the maximal charging power and voltage of the energy storage component. The actual driven wheels braking pressure which is reduced by the amount of the regenerative braking force is supplied from the electronic hydraulic brake system. The novel regenerative baking algorithm maximizes the actual regenerative power recuperated by the energy storage component. The simulation results show that actual regenerative power recuperation by the novel algorithm is more than the conventional one, and life-span of brake disks is also prolonged.
{"title":"Regenerative braking algorithm for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle with continuously variable transmission","authors":"W. Feng, Z. Hu, Ma Xiao-jian, Yang Lin, Z. Bin","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456389","url":null,"abstract":"A novel regenerative braking algorithm based on continuously variable transmission is proposed to make effective and maximum use of the brake energy in order to improve fuel economy. In the braking torque distribution of the novel regenerative algorithm, the regenerative torque is determined by considering the vehicle velocity, the maximal generation torque and state of the electric motor, the maximal charging power and voltage of the energy storage component. The actual driven wheels braking pressure which is reduced by the amount of the regenerative braking force is supplied from the electronic hydraulic brake system. The novel regenerative baking algorithm maximizes the actual regenerative power recuperated by the energy storage component. The simulation results show that actual regenerative power recuperation by the novel algorithm is more than the conventional one, and life-span of brake disks is also prolonged.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130492757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456366
Yuan Sun, Wuling Huang, S. Tang, X. Qiao, Fei-Yue Wang
This paper addresses an OSEK/VDX and OSGi-based embedded software platform for vehicular applications. Basically, it is a wireless and networked distributed service system and consists of (1) an OSEK/VDX-based vehicular application specific embedded operating systems platform; (2) an OSGi-based automotive service system which is composed of automotive central service platform, remote vehicular service platform and vehicle/home interactive platform. The system is deployed by integrating the functions of communication, navigation, entertainment, diagnostics, monitoring and many others. Meanwhile, by using wireless network, it realizes the interconnection among vehicles, home service platform, remote vehicular service center and roadside systems.
{"title":"Design of an OSEK/VDX and OSGi-based embedded software platform for vehicular applications","authors":"Yuan Sun, Wuling Huang, S. Tang, X. Qiao, Fei-Yue Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456366","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses an OSEK/VDX and OSGi-based embedded software platform for vehicular applications. Basically, it is a wireless and networked distributed service system and consists of (1) an OSEK/VDX-based vehicular application specific embedded operating systems platform; (2) an OSGi-based automotive service system which is composed of automotive central service platform, remote vehicular service platform and vehicle/home interactive platform. The system is deployed by integrating the functions of communication, navigation, entertainment, diagnostics, monitoring and many others. Meanwhile, by using wireless network, it realizes the interconnection among vehicles, home service platform, remote vehicular service center and roadside systems.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128548310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456387
Liang Zhao, Fei-Yue Wang
Due to the complexity of traffic flow characteristics, the traditional statistical regression models have been unsuitable for the traffic flow prediction. And thereby the paper proposes the fuzzy time series method to predict short- term traffic flow. First, we proposes an improved fuzzy time series prediction model, i.e. , ratio-median lengths of intervals two-factors high-order fuzzy time series. The prediction model simultaneously considers impact of many factors on the traffic flow formulation. For achieving higher prediction accuracy, the ratio-median lengths of intervals method is adopted to adaptively partition the universe of discourse of linguistic variable. Then it is used to predict the raw traffic flow data which are collected at Zizhu Bridge in Beijing. The experiment result verifies that the improved fuzzy time series prediction model can achieve high prediction accuracy.
{"title":"Short-term traffic flow prediction based on ratio-median lengths of intervals two-factors high-order fuzzy time series","authors":"Liang Zhao, Fei-Yue Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456387","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the complexity of traffic flow characteristics, the traditional statistical regression models have been unsuitable for the traffic flow prediction. And thereby the paper proposes the fuzzy time series method to predict short- term traffic flow. First, we proposes an improved fuzzy time series prediction model, i.e. , ratio-median lengths of intervals two-factors high-order fuzzy time series. The prediction model simultaneously considers impact of many factors on the traffic flow formulation. For achieving higher prediction accuracy, the ratio-median lengths of intervals method is adopted to adaptively partition the universe of discourse of linguistic variable. Then it is used to predict the raw traffic flow data which are collected at Zizhu Bridge in Beijing. The experiment result verifies that the improved fuzzy time series prediction model can achieve high prediction accuracy.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134229529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456363
S. Shankar, A. Yedla
Highway safety, collision avoidance and road traffic congestion control are emerging applications of vehicular ad-hoc networks. Inter-vehicular communication could increase driver awareness and distribution of information among vehicles on the road. The safety messages being transmitted or exchanged between vehicles are usually short and have ephemeral utility. Ad-hoc networks of this kind also tend to have a large number of contending nodes. Our work proposes MAC layer extensions to the 802.11e variant of the 802.11 WiFi standard, applied in such scenarios. We describe possible messages that may be transmitted and classification of messages based on urgency. Our enhancements reduce redundancy in safety message broadcasts, by avoiding multiple transmissions of the same report, providing for more optimized channel utilization, especially in cases when a common obstacle generates a similar message at every vehicle within an area.
{"title":"MAC layer extensions for improved QoS in 802.11 based vehicular ad hoc networks","authors":"S. Shankar, A. Yedla","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456363","url":null,"abstract":"Highway safety, collision avoidance and road traffic congestion control are emerging applications of vehicular ad-hoc networks. Inter-vehicular communication could increase driver awareness and distribution of information among vehicles on the road. The safety messages being transmitted or exchanged between vehicles are usually short and have ephemeral utility. Ad-hoc networks of this kind also tend to have a large number of contending nodes. Our work proposes MAC layer extensions to the 802.11e variant of the 802.11 WiFi standard, applied in such scenarios. We describe possible messages that may be transmitted and classification of messages based on urgency. Our enhancements reduce redundancy in safety message broadcasts, by avoiding multiple transmissions of the same report, providing for more optimized channel utilization, especially in cases when a common obstacle generates a similar message at every vehicle within an area.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123598284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456407
Yongchao Zhang, Kun Huang, F. Yu, Y. Gu, Daofei Li
Existing hydraulic active suspension system has several disadvantages such as slow response, high energy consumption and complexity. An energy-regenerative electrical suspension is utilized whose motor actuator is composed of a permanent-magnet direct-current motor with a ball screw and a nut. The significant characteristic of the suspension is that vibration energy from the road excitation can be regenerated and transformed into electric energy while good suspension performance can be maintained. The performance tests of the DC motor are carried out. The regeneration and vibration control performances are verified by the full-vehicle experiments in the IST RoadLab four post rig. Experimental results of the electrical system functioning as a passive suspension system show the feasibility of vibration energy regeneration. The prototype is designed and produced based on the rear suspension structure of a typical passenger car.
{"title":"Experimental verification of energy-regenerative feasibility for an automotive electrical suspension system","authors":"Yongchao Zhang, Kun Huang, F. Yu, Y. Gu, Daofei Li","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456407","url":null,"abstract":"Existing hydraulic active suspension system has several disadvantages such as slow response, high energy consumption and complexity. An energy-regenerative electrical suspension is utilized whose motor actuator is composed of a permanent-magnet direct-current motor with a ball screw and a nut. The significant characteristic of the suspension is that vibration energy from the road excitation can be regenerated and transformed into electric energy while good suspension performance can be maintained. The performance tests of the DC motor are carried out. The regeneration and vibration control performances are verified by the full-vehicle experiments in the IST RoadLab four post rig. Experimental results of the electrical system functioning as a passive suspension system show the feasibility of vibration energy regeneration. The prototype is designed and produced based on the rear suspension structure of a typical passenger car.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"652 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123976179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456383
Daofei Li, Bin Li, F. Yu, Shangqian Du, Yongchao Zhang
For vehicles equipped with co-existing active systems of steering, driving and braking, in order to avoid subsystem interferences and further exploit performance improvement potential, a top-down integrated controller with main/servo- loop structure is designed. Firstly, a sliding mode controller in the main-loop calculates the generalized stabilizing forces. Then in the servo-loop, a control allocation approach based on constrained quadratic programming is adopted to reasonably and optimally distribute these generalized stabilizing forces to tire force vector, which will be further converted to wheel control torques and active steering angles using inverse tire model and slip controller. Co-simulation of Matlab/Simulink and MSC CarSim clarifies that by directly considering actuator limits, the proposed controller can significantly improve vehicle handling performances.
{"title":"A top-down integration approach to vehicle stability control","authors":"Daofei Li, Bin Li, F. Yu, Shangqian Du, Yongchao Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456383","url":null,"abstract":"For vehicles equipped with co-existing active systems of steering, driving and braking, in order to avoid subsystem interferences and further exploit performance improvement potential, a top-down integrated controller with main/servo- loop structure is designed. Firstly, a sliding mode controller in the main-loop calculates the generalized stabilizing forces. Then in the servo-loop, a control allocation approach based on constrained quadratic programming is adopted to reasonably and optimally distribute these generalized stabilizing forces to tire force vector, which will be further converted to wheel control torques and active steering angles using inverse tire model and slip controller. Co-simulation of Matlab/Simulink and MSC CarSim clarifies that by directly considering actuator limits, the proposed controller can significantly improve vehicle handling performances.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"389 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132417635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456380
Lei Chen, B. Ning, Tian-Hua Xu
Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) system is the most advanced train control system in the world nowadays. How to model and simulate the system to find the design defects in the research and development has became one of the key issues of CBTC research. This paper describes a method of developing the hierarchy system model and refined modular model of Vehicle-on-board Automatic Train Protection (V-ATP) subsystem of CBTC system using Colored Petri Net (CPN). The aim is to provide a simulation environment for the research and development of V-ATP subsystem.
{"title":"Research on modeling and simulation of vehicle-on-board Automatic Train Protection subsystem of Communication Based Train Control system","authors":"Lei Chen, B. Ning, Tian-Hua Xu","doi":"10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2007.4456380","url":null,"abstract":"Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) system is the most advanced train control system in the world nowadays. How to model and simulate the system to find the design defects in the research and development has became one of the key issues of CBTC research. This paper describes a method of developing the hierarchy system model and refined modular model of Vehicle-on-board Automatic Train Protection (V-ATP) subsystem of CBTC system using Colored Petri Net (CPN). The aim is to provide a simulation environment for the research and development of V-ATP subsystem.","PeriodicalId":202772,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128483878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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