Polyhedron最新文献

{"title":"Antimony(III) complexes of benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, structural analysis, and biological evaluation","authors":"Ibrahim I. Ozturk ,&nbsp;Okan Ucar ,&nbsp;Anita M. Grześkiewicz ,&nbsp;Maciej Kubicki ,&nbsp;Christina N. Banti ,&nbsp;Sotiris K. Hadjikakou","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the successful synthesis and detailed characterization of three novel antimony(III) complexes with the general formulas [SbL₄Cl₂]·L·Cl (<strong>1</strong>), [SbL₃Cl₃] (<strong>2</strong>), and [SbL₃Br₃] (<strong>3</strong>), where “L” denotes a thiosemicarbazone derivative containing a benzene moiety. The complexes were obtained in excellent yields and exhibited high stability in both solid and solution states. Comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed the monodentate coordination of the neutral thiosemicarbazone ligands to the Sb(III) center via the sulfur donor atom. The biological evaluation indicated that the complexes display enhanced antiproliferative activity against HeLa cervical cancer cells compared to their free ligands, suggesting their potential as anticancer agents. Additionally, the complexes demonstrated appreciable antibacterial activity, particularly against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. epidermidis</em>, indicating their promise as antimicrobial agents. Overall, this research advances the understanding of antimony(III) thiosemicarbazone complexes and highlights their potential relevance in drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 117912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic structure and reactivity of mixed-ligand dinuclear RuIr, RuRh, and RuRu polyhydride-bridged complexes: A DFT-based investigation","authors":"Abdelatif Messaoudi","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis of a series of bimetallic diruthenium complexes [Cp^‡Ru(μ-H)₃IrCp^⁎], [Cp^‡Ru(μ-H)₃RhCp^⁎], [Cp^‡Ru (μ-H)₃{Ru(p-cymene)}], [Cp^‡Ru(μ-H)₃{Ru(benzene)}] and [Cp^‡Ru(μ-H)₂(μ-Cl){Ru(p-cymene)}] (Cp* = C₅Me₅, Cp^‡ = C5^tBu₃H₂, p-cymene = CH₃C₆H₄CH(CH₃)₂)) (A1-A5), incorporating various metal centers (Ir, Rh) and ligands (hydrides, chloride, Cp*) using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP level with LanL2DZ and def2-TZVP basis sets. The geometric structures, electronic configurations, molecular orbitals, global reactivity descriptors, electrostatic potentials, atomic charges, TDOS, UV–Vis absorption spectra, and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were systematically investigated. Geometry optimizations reveal excellent agreement with experimental data, with def2-TZVP offering slightly improved accuracy in metal-ligand bond distances and angles. The HOMO-LUMO gap analysis and frontier molecular orbitals show that complexes A1 and A5 have the narrowest gaps, indicating higher reactivity, while A3 displays the highest electron delocalization and charge transfer capability. Reactivity descriptors position A2 as the most electrophilic species, with high electronegativity and electron affinity, whereas A3 acts as the best donor. Molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) maps show distinct charge distributions and identify nucleophilic and electrophilic regions, highlighting the strong influence of ligand identity. Charge analysis supports significant polarization effects, particularly in A5 due to the chloride ligand. UV–Vis spectral simulations predict strong absorption in the visible region for A5, with metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and π → π* transitions, indicating potential in photonic applications. Furthermore, NLO property analysis reveals that A3-A5 exhibit substantial hyperpolarizabilities, suggesting their promise as materials for second-order NLO applications. Altogether, this work underscores the sensitivity of electronic and optical properties to ligand environment, metal type, and computational treatment, offering valuable guidance for the design of functional organometallic complexes in catalysis, optoelectronics, and molecular electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 117909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opposing effects of bipyridine ligand substitution on the luminescence of Sm(III) (f-f) and Ce(III) (d-f) complexes","authors":"Qing-Dou Xu ,&nbsp;Yu-Jing Ma ,&nbsp;Han Xiao ,&nbsp;Qian-Qian Yang ,&nbsp;Min Cao ,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the influence of the electron donating ability of the sensitization ligand on the photoluminescence properties in Sm(III) and Ce(III) complexes, a group of complexes [Sm(NO₃)₃(4,4′-dmbpy)₂] (<strong>1</strong>) and [Ce(NO₃)₃(4,4′-dmbpy)₂] (<strong>2</strong>) (4,4′-dmbpy = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) were synthesized and fully characterized. Comparing the photoluminescence properties of complexes <strong>1</strong> and [Sm(NO₃)₃(bpy)₂] or <strong>2</strong> and [Ce(NO₃)₃(bpy)₂], the experimental results show that for Sm(III) complexes, decreasing the electron donating ability of the sensitization ligand leads to an increase in the maximum emission band intensity and fluorescence lifetime; for Ce(III) complexes, weakening the electron donating ability of the sensitization ligand results in a decrease in the maximum emission band intensity and fluorescence lifetime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 117905"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of structural, magnetic, electrical polarization, optical and microwave absorption properties of rGO/hexaferrites composites","authors":"Mehboob Ali ,&nbsp;Saba Sharif ,&nbsp;Farhan Sadiq ,&nbsp;Humaira Aslam ,&nbsp;Zainab Altaf ,&nbsp;Sadaf Naz ,&nbsp;Imran Sadiq ,&nbsp;Eman.A. Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Raheel ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahbaz ,&nbsp;Saira Riaz ,&nbsp;Shahzad Naseem","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposed the formation of rGO/Sr₂Fe₈O₁₄ nanocomposite for structural, magnetic, optical and microwave absorption applications. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Strontium-based T-type hexaferrite (Sr₂Fe₈O₁₄) nanocomposites were prepared by ceramic method while the T-type hexaferrite was prepared by following the sol gel auto-combustion method. Respectively. The XRD analysis of all the samples confirmed the presence of both phases in the composites. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) revealed that all the samples possessed a soft magnetic nature. The saturation and remanence magnetization increased while coercivity declined by enhancing T-type hexaferrite concentration in rGO. The polarization versus electric field hysteresis loops demonstrated the lossy behavior and this behavior increased with the addition of T-type hexagonal ferrites. To analyze the optical investigation, photo-luminance (PL) and UV–visible spectroscopies were employed. The PL outcomes revealed the ultraviolet and visible region emission. The UV–visible spectroscopy results showed the enhancement in absorbance of photo-energy with the addition of T-type content while optical band gap energy decreased. The pure T-type hexaferrites sample exhibited the maximum value of microwave absorption (−23.04) at 0.46 GHz frequency. These results divulge the importance of the present synthesized composites in photo-catalytic activities and microwave absorption properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 117914"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional MOFs anode protection layer design for high-performance aqueous zinc ion batteries","authors":"Xunfei Ma ,&nbsp;Bo Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Liu ,&nbsp;Han Yu ,&nbsp;Na Sun ,&nbsp;Zhe Gong ,&nbsp;Mingdong Zhou ,&nbsp;Yaguang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrochemical performance of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) is significantly hindered by dendritic growth of the zinc anode, which shortens the cycling life. To address these challenges, a two-dimensional (2D) zinc-based metal-organic framework (MOF), namely a Zn(II) coordination polymer (ZHPCA) [<span><span>1</span></span>], was synthesized via a solvothermal method. The ZCu-modified zinc electrode (ZCu@Zn) was fabricated by integrating ZHPCA with copper powder as an interfacial modification layer (ZCu), using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a binder. The ZCu layer effectively mitigated both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and surface corrosion of the zinc anode. During the zinc deposition/stripping process, ZCu provided an effective substrate for zinc-ion nucleation, enabling uniform deposition and structural homogenization, thereby effectively suppressing dendrite growth. As a result, the assembled ZCu@Zn||ZCu@Zn symmetric battery demonstrated a low over potential of 40 mV and an extended cycle life of 900 h. In addition, activated carbon (AC) was employed as the cathode to assemble ZCu@Zn||AC hybrid capacitors, which exhibited a significantly enhanced capacitive performance. In conclusion, employing ZCu@Zn as a modified zinc anode offers a promising strategy for improving the stability and reversibility of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"285 ","pages":"Article 117915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and structural characterization of self-assembled silver(I) complexes of the pyrazole ligands: effect of anion and VT NMR study","authors":"Munmun Mondal,&nbsp;Ganesan Mani","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of an anion on the structure of the silver complex is investigated. The reaction between 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazolylmethyl)-5-(phenylsulfonylmethyl)pyrrole <strong>LH</strong> and AgBF₄ gives a discrete two-coordinate silver complex [Ag(<strong>LH</strong>)₂]BF₄ <strong>1</strong>. Conversely, the same ligand <strong>LH</strong> reacts with AgOCOCF₃ to give an extended 1D polymeric network structure [Ag(<em>μ</em>-<strong>LH</strong>)(<em>μ</em>-CF₃COO)]_n <strong>2</strong>. With a silver ion containing the divalent sulfate ion, it forms a three-coordinate silver complex [Ag(<strong>LH</strong>)₃]₂SO₄ <strong>3</strong>, which encapsulates the SO₄²⁻ ion in its cavity. Yet another polymeric structure that encapsulates SO₄²⁻ ion [Ag₂(3,5-dimethylpyrazole)₄(<em>μ</em>-SO₄)] <strong>4</strong> was obtained by treating Ag₂SO₄ with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole. Complex <strong>4</strong> exhibits a dynamic behavior in solution between the sulfate-bridged complexes with the trans and cis orientations of the pyrazole NH groups, as studied by the variable temperature (VT) ¹H NMR method. The important features are the argentophilic interaction, the pyrrole ring π-interaction, and the ditopic nature of ligands <strong>LH</strong> and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, which all facilitate the formation of these structurally intriguing complexes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 117910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitromethane gas absorption in interlocked icosahedral M12L8 nanocages","authors":"Stefano Elli,&nbsp;Antonino Famulari,&nbsp;Javier Martí-Rujas","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The self-assembly of tris-pyridyl-benzene ligand with ZnI₂ in the presence of benzaldehyde yields a poly-[n]-catenane formed of large M₁₂L₈ metal organic cages (MOCs) which is used to study guest exchange of small non-aromatic molecules like nitromethane. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that guest exchange reaction takes place via gas-solid single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) process. The single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) data allowed to determine the ordered guest content within the M₁₂L₈ nanocages. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations specific for solid state crystalline systems have been carried out to estimate the energy interactions among host and guest molecules (<em>E</em>_host-guest) and to compute the maps of electrostatic potential (MEPs) for each guest. The outcomes of the DFT results helped to rationalize the guest exchange reaction considering both ordered and disordered molecules in the system were the <em>E</em>_host-guest differs only in ∼4 kcal/mol. The role of the interlocking among M₁₂L₈ cages in the host dynamic behavior and the overall catenane structural stability is emphasised. The observed nitromethane guest uptake is important in the field of gas-solid molecular inclusion for instance in applications for the absorption of gases like CO₂, CH₄, SO₂ or NOx compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 117908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and antibacterial properties of cobalt (II) phthalocyanine-coated titanium surfaces","authors":"Ece Tugba Saka ,&nbsp;Salih Durdu ,&nbsp;Kadriye Ozcan ,&nbsp;Yasemin Caglar","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phthalocyanines are important in coating technology primarily as stable, vibrant pigments that improve the aesthetic, durability, and sometimes functional performance of coatings in industrial, automotive, architectural, and specialty applications. Based on this purpose, in this work we used cobalt phthalocyanine complex for surface coating with antibacterial properties. For this purpose, cobalt (II) phthalocyanine (Pc) was coated onto titanium (cp-Ti) by dip coating process. The phase compositions, morphology and elemental distribution - amount of the surfaces were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX-mapping and EDX-area), respectively. Wettability and surface free energy of the surfaces were investigated by sessile drop - contact angle goniometer. Pc-coated surface indicated more hydrophobic behavior compared to bare Ti surface. Moreover, <em>in vitro</em> antibacterial activity of all surfaces evaluated under dark- and sunlight-conditions by bacterial count method via <em>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli)</em>. For both bacteria, it was demonstrated that the antibacterial activity was in excess of 92 % under sunlight conditions while it was less than 8 % under dark conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 117878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the synthesis of visible-light-induced indium oxide supported graphitic carbon nitride (In2O3/g-C3N4) for photocatalytic degradation of brilliant green dye","authors":"Awais Khalid ,&nbsp;Pervaiz Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Rafiq","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating shortage of potable water, exacerbated by increasing populations, industrial expansion, and urban growth, is a global concern for environmental sustainability. The disposal of Brilliant Green (BG) dye-contaminated wastewater from different sectors unveils a substantial danger, and traditional treatment techniques can prove expensive and inefficient. Herein, a highly efficient and cost-effective indium oxide-supported graphitic carbon nitride (In₂O₃/g-C₃N₄) photocatalyst was developed through a wet impregnation approach for its utilization in the mitigation of BG dye. Multiple characterizations were conducted to gain an understanding of the crystallographic characteristics, microstructures, composition, and optical characteristics of the prepared photocatalyst. The synthesized In₂O₃/g-C₃N₄–30 photocatalyst displayed remarkable photoactivity, with 97.31 % BG degradation in 60 min under exposure to visible light, in contrast to pure In₂O₃ (62.58 %) and g-C₃N₄ (44.7 %). The enhancement in performance is due to the decreased bandgap energy, greater surface area, and unique heterojunction architecture of In₂O₃/g-C₃N₄–30. Kinetic analysis suggested the BG degradation adhered to pseudo-first-order kinetics, exhibiting rate constants of 0.0577, 0.0158, and 0.0094 min⁻¹ for In₂O₃/g-C₃N₄–30, In₂O₃, and g-C₃N₄, respectively. The optimization of significant parameters, including the influence of catalyst dose, dye concentration, pH, and interfering anions on photoactivity, was thoroughly investigated. Research on quenching studies indicated that superoxide radicals (O₂^•−) and hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) were the principal active species accountable for the degradation of pollutants. The recycling potential study demonstrated that the photocatalyst retained excellent photocatalytic efficacy after five consecutive uses. Ultimately, this study offers significant insights into the advancement of sophisticated In₂O₃/g-C₃N₄–30 heterojunction photocatalysts for wastewater remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 117907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Binuclear zinc(II) complex as an efficient catalyst for selective N-methylation reaction of amines with CO2 under mild reaction conditions","authors":"Krishna Chandra Murmu ,&nbsp;Debashis Saha ,&nbsp;Juli Nanda Goswami ,&nbsp;Urmila Saha ,&nbsp;Bhriguram Das ,&nbsp;Surajit Biswas ,&nbsp;Ennio Zangrando ,&nbsp;Malay Dolai","doi":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poly.2025.117902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The capture and conversion of carbon dioxide from sustainable source has proven as a viable alternative in the production of key organic compounds. Here, the in-situ synthesis of a zinc metal complex, [Zn(II)₂(H₂L)(HL)](ClO₄)₃ (<strong>1</strong>), using 2-acetyl pyridine and succinic-hydrazide is addressed. The single crystal X-ray diffraction data of <strong>1</strong> revealed a dinuclear species with the two octahedral symmetry related zinc metal ions co-ordinated by a N₄O₂ donor set. Complex <strong>1</strong> acts as an efficient catalyst in the preparation of <em>N</em>-methylated products from amines through CO₂ fixation reaction. The involvement of cost effective polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), a reducing agent obtained as a by-product from numerous reactions, makes this protocol more sustainable and environmentally friendly. A variety of <em>N</em>-methylated derivatives was produced from the correspondent aromatic amines with high yield and selectivity at 90 °C temperature under carbon dioxide at 1 atm pressure after 6–10 h of reaction. Even heterocyclic non aromatic amines furnished a very good percentage (96–98 %) of the desired <em>N</em>-methyl products via the same catalytic reaction in just 5 h of reaction time. The catalyst effectiveness of this catalysis process can be easily recognized by the high TON (2.2 × 10⁴–3.2 × 10⁴) and TOF values (2.2 × 10³–6.4 × 10³ h⁻¹) observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20278,"journal":{"name":"Polyhedron","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 117902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}