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The Missing Scholarship Behind Virtual Heritage Infrastructures 虚拟遗产基础设施背后缺失的学术研究
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161383
E. Champion
This theoretical position paper outlines four key issues blocking the development of effective 3D models that would be suitable for the aims and objectives of virtual heritage infrastructures. It suggests that a real-time game environment which composes levels at runtime from streaming multimedia components would offer advantages in terms of editing, customisation and personalisation. The paper concludes with three recommendations for virtual heritage infrastructures.
这篇理论立场文件概述了四个关键问题,这些问题阻碍了有效的3D模型的发展,这些模型将适用于虚拟遗产基础设施的目的和目标。这表明,在运行时使用流媒体组件组合关卡的实时游戏环境将在编辑、定制和个性化方面提供优势。最后,对虚拟遗产基础设施建设提出了三点建议。
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引用次数: 6
Conservation Digital Report: Standard Documentation in Cultural Heritage 保护数字报告:文化遗产的标准文件
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161405
L. Baratin, G. Scicolone, S. Lonati
The 'documentation', in general terms, is the need to gather informations collected for a specific topic so they can be available now and in the future. Obtaining the information is a process that involves many steps: the study, the analysis and the elaboration of the information; all these processes expand and transform the common conception of the term, as not only a mere recording of a phenomenon. In this sense, the documentation becomes an operation 'dynamic, as the basis for further considerations on the object analysed. The documentation of an artwork before restoration can be summarized in three sequential steps: • preliminary documentation to identify the problem and guide the next steps; • systematic and comprehensive documentation, to provide both global and detail vision on the artwork; • additional documentation, with further investigation and checks to be developed over time. The documentation needs, therefore, the correct setup of a systematic structure of informations into a system of classification to store the acquired data, and this process depends on the correct understanding of the theme. In order to standardize the acquisition and disclosure of information, it is therefore necessary to standardize the process of documentation as a whole, from the earliest steps of collection to the presentation of results. 'ConditionReport.it' software system allows the drafting and completion online of an actual 'condition report' for many different kind of artworks, thanks to a flexible and interactive software that can be adjusted according to the different public or private requirements, creating personalized documents. Some examples will illustrate the potential of the system as a standardization of the documentation process for conservation and restoration of different types of cultural heritage, and also as management system for data from different sources.
一般来说,“文档”是需要收集为特定主题收集的信息,以便现在和将来可以使用这些信息。获取信息是一个涉及多个步骤的过程:对信息的研究、分析和阐述;所有这些过程都扩展和改变了术语的一般概念,而不仅仅是对一种现象的记录。从这个意义上说,文档成为一个动态操作,作为进一步考虑所分析对象的基础。修复前的艺术品的文件可以总结为三个连续的步骤:•初步文件,以确定问题和指导下一步;•系统和全面的文件,以提供整体和详细的视觉艺术作品;•额外的文件,随着时间的推移将进行进一步的调查和检查。因此,文档需要将信息的系统结构正确地设置为分类系统,以存储所获取的数据,而这一过程取决于对主题的正确理解。因此,为了使信息的获取和披露标准化,有必要对整个文件编制过程进行标准化,从最初的收集步骤到结果的呈现。“ConditionReport。它的软件系统允许为许多不同类型的艺术品起草和在线完成实际的“状态报告”,这要归功于一个灵活的交互式软件,可以根据不同的公共或私人要求进行调整,创建个性化的文件。一些例子将说明该系统作为保护和恢复不同类型文化遗产的文件程序标准化的潜力,以及作为不同来源数据的管理系统的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Experience Etruria: a Cross-media Platform for E-culture and Tourism 体验伊特鲁利亚:电子文化与旅游的跨媒体平台
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161385
Antonella Guidazzoli, G. Bellavia, Daniele De Luca, M. Liguori, Lorenzo Castiello, Alessandro Pirotti
Experience Etruria aims at promoting the Italian Latium, Tuscany and Umbria regions starting from their common Etruscan roots, their landscape and food and wine wonders. The project includes a web portal, a downloadable and printable map with 4 sensory routes, related to local food and Etruscan sites and museums, and an emotional video. The video merges Computer Graphics and real-life shootings, joining a trend that is spreading among the educational productions.
体验伊特鲁里亚旨在推广意大利的拉丁、托斯卡纳和翁布里亚地区,从他们共同的伊特鲁里亚根源、他们的景观、食物和葡萄酒奇观开始。该项目包括一个门户网站,一个可下载和可打印的地图,上面有4条感官路线,与当地食物、伊特鲁里亚遗址和博物馆有关,以及一个情感视频。这段视频融合了计算机图形学和现实生活中的枪击事件,加入了在教育制作中蔓延的一种趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Selection of Video Frames for Path Regularization and 3D Reconstruction 用于路径正则化和三维重建的视频帧自动选择
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161376
G. Pavoni, M. Dellepiane, M. Callieri, Roberto Scopigno
Video sequences can be a valuable source to document the state of objects and sites. They are easy to acquire and they usually ensure a complete coverage of the object of interest. One of their possible uses is to recover the acquisition path, or the 3D shape of the scene. This can be done by applying structure-from-motion techniques to a representative set of frames extracted from the video. This paper presents an automatic method for the extraction of a predefined number of representative frames that ensures an accurate reconstruction of the sequence path, and possibly enhances the 3D reconstruction of the scene. The automatic extraction is obtained by analyzing adjacent frames in a starting subset, and adding/removing frames so that the distance between them remains constant. This ensures the reconstruction of a regularized path and an optimized coverage of all the scene. Finally, more frames are added in the portions of the sequence when more detailed objects are framed. This ensures a better description of the sequence, and a more accurate dense reconstruction. The method is automatic, fast and independent from any assumption about the acquired object or the acquisition strategy. It was tested on a variety of different video sequences, showing that a satisfying result can be obtained regardless of the length and quality of the input.
视频序列是记录物体和地点状态的有价值的来源。它们很容易获得,并且通常可以确保完全覆盖感兴趣的对象。它们的一个可能用途是恢复获取路径,或场景的3D形状。这可以通过对从视频中提取的一组具有代表性的帧应用动态结构技术来实现。本文提出了一种自动提取预定义数量的代表性帧的方法,以确保序列路径的准确重建,并可能增强场景的三维重建。通过分析起始子集中的相邻帧,并添加/删除帧,使它们之间的距离保持恒定,从而实现自动提取。这确保了正则化路径的重建和对所有场景的优化覆盖。最后,当更详细的对象被框架时,在序列的部分添加更多的帧。这确保了更好的序列描述和更准确的密集重建。该方法具有自动、快速、不依赖于对获取对象或获取策略的任何假设的特点。在各种不同的视频序列上进行了测试,结果表明,无论输入的长度和质量如何,都可以获得令人满意的结果。
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引用次数: 5
Representation and Visualization of Urban Fabric through Historical Documents 历史文献对城市肌理的再现与可视化
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161399
John Samuel, Clémentine Périnaud, S. Servigne, Georges Gay, G. Gesquière
Documents serve an important role in understanding change in urban fabric. The available multidimensional (spatial, temporal and thematic) information in these documents narrate not only the various features of the elements of the urban fabric but also notifies their changes during time. CityGML standard is used to spatially and temporally represent the city objects. But it misses features to represent city lifecycle and its linked documents. The first part has been addressed recently. In this article, we propose an extension to CityGML standard to integrate city objects and relevant associated documents. Proposing a solution based on standards permits data interoperability. We also briefly describe how these documents are visualized in our current 3D urban environment prototype built over CityGML.
文献在理解城市结构变化方面发挥着重要作用。这些文件中可用的多维(空间、时间和主题)信息不仅叙述了城市结构元素的各种特征,而且还通知了它们随时间的变化。CityGML标准用于在空间和时间上表示城市对象。但它缺少表示城市生命周期及其链接文档的功能。第一部分最近已经讨论过了。在本文中,我们提出了对CityGML标准的扩展,以集成城市对象和相关文档。提出基于标准的解决方案允许数据互操作性。我们还简要描述了如何在CityGML上构建的当前3D城市环境原型中可视化这些文档。
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引用次数: 18
Digital Epigraphic Heritage Made Simple: an Android App for Exploring 3D Roman Inscriptions 数字铭文遗产变得简单:一个探索3D罗马铭文的安卓应用程序
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/GCH.20161402
M. Ramírez, J. P. Suárez, A. Trujillo, Pablo Fernández, J. M. Santana, Sebastián Ortega
Spain keeps an exceptional epigraphic heritage, dated from the Roman civilization, that integrates thousands of Latin inscriptions nowadays disseminated along the Iberian peninsula. For many purposes such as education, innovation, cataloging, study and dissemination of this type of historical documentation, a clear demand of placing all this epigraphic heritage into modern 3D graphics, internet and mobile devices is increasing. We present the novel 'Epigraphia 3D' for handheld devices, a native Android app for exploring a total of 60 Roman inscriptions from the National Museum of Roman Art (Merida, Badajoz). The work emphasizes the 3D nature feature for navigating through the inscriptions, by using Glob3 Mobile, an open source GIS framework for visualizing the 3D inscriptions. Besides, an error analysis of the simplified models is tackled.
西班牙保留了一份特殊的铭文遗产,可以追溯到罗马文明,整合了成千上万的拉丁铭文,如今沿着伊比利亚半岛传播。出于教育、创新、编目、研究和传播这类历史文献的许多目的,将所有这些铭文遗产放入现代3D图形、互联网和移动设备的明确需求正在增加。我们为手持设备展示了新颖的“Epigraphia 3D”,这是一款原生Android应用程序,用于探索来自罗马艺术国家博物馆(Merida, Badajoz)的总共60个罗马铭文。通过使用开源GIS框架Glob3 Mobile来可视化3D铭文,这项工作强调了通过铭文导航的3D特性。此外,还对简化模型进行了误差分析。
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引用次数: 1
Interdisciplinary Dialogue Towards an Enhanced Understanding of Optical Techniques for Recording Material Cultural Heritage - Results of a COST Action 跨学科对话,增进对记录物质文化遗产的光学技术的理解——COST行动的结果
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161412
F. Boochs, Anna Bentkowska-Kafel, Stefanie Wefers
The COST Transdomain Action TD1201, Colour and Space in Cultural Heritage [COSb], 2012--2016, contributes to the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage (CH) by enhancing shared understanding, between experts from various disciplines, of the spectral and spatial recording of physical CH objects. Optimal recording, adapted to the requirements of a CH application, should involve experts from multiple disciplines and industries. Such an interdisciplinary approach is necessary "in order to protect, preserve, analyze, understand, model, virtually reproduce, document and publish important CH in Europe and beyond" [COSa]. In order to fulfil this goal, experts from 28 European countries entered into a multidisciplinary dialogue trying to establish a common understanding of spatial and spectral recording techniques best suited for particular CH applications. Several COSCH groups worked on the characterisation of spatial and spectral recording techniques; the use of algorithms and processing chains; and requirements of analysis, restoration and visualisation of CH surfaces and objects. A range of possible applications of optical techniques, now available to recording and examination of CH objects, have been tested through six COSCH case studies [BKM17]. These projects have exposed the challenges of common understanding of the processes involved, and differences in disciplinary research needs and methods. A number of issues have been identified, sometimes as basic as lack of common specialist terminology and relevant technical standards. The complexity of the field became apparent in the course of designing COSCHKR, ontological knowledge representation, which employs semantic technologies. After four years of interdisciplinary dialogue, COSCH leaves a legacy that will help the dialogue to continue, technology to develop, and specialist training to better respond to the actual needs of the interdisciplinary CH research communities.
成本跨领域行动TD1201,文化遗产中的色彩与空间[COSb], 2012- 2016,通过加强不同学科专家对文化遗产物理物体的光谱和空间记录的共同理解,有助于保护和保存文化遗产(CH)。适应CH应用要求的最佳记录应该包括来自多个学科和行业的专家。这种跨学科的方法是必要的,“为了保护、保存、分析、理解、模拟、虚拟复制、记录和出版欧洲及其他地区的重要CH”[COSa]。为了实现这一目标,来自28个欧洲国家的专家进行了多学科对话,试图建立对最适合特定CH应用的空间和光谱记录技术的共同理解。几个cossch小组致力于空间和光谱记录技术的特征;算法和处理链的使用;以及CH表面和物体的分析、恢复和可视化要求。光学技术的一系列可能应用,现在可用于记录和检查CH物体,已经通过六个COSCH案例研究进行了测试[BKM17]。这些项目暴露了对所涉及的过程的共同理解的挑战,以及学科研究需求和方法的差异。已经确定了一些问题,有时是缺乏共同的专业术语和有关技术标准等基本问题。在设计采用语义技术的本体知识表示COSCHKR的过程中,该领域的复杂性变得明显。经过四年的跨学科对话,COSCH留下的遗产将有助于对话的继续,技术的发展和专家培训,以更好地响应跨学科卫生研究界的实际需求。
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引用次数: 1
Toward a Multimodal Photogrammetric Acquisition and Processing Methodology for Monitoring Conservation and Restoration Studies 面向监测保护和恢复研究的多模态摄影测量采集和处理方法
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161409
A. Pamart, Odile Guillon, J. Vallet, L. Luca
Close-range photogrammetry is nowadays a common technique applied to acquire 3D data on Cultural Heritage (CH) artifacts. Image-based modeling are indeed providing useful resources for the documentation and the conservation but it is also set more recently as a monitoring tool that could help the decision making in term of restoration. The 3D footprint restitutes as a point cloud, the appearance according to a definite spatial resolution and at a given time, the visible surface of an artifact. Nevertheless, different techniques of scientific imaging are also used to obtain complementary information. This paper explores a multimodal approach of the photogrammetric survey and data processing to reach a multidimensional data integration (i.e. spatial, temporal and, or spectral).
近景摄影测量法是目前用于获取文物三维数据的常用技术。基于图像的建模确实为文档和保护提供了有用的资源,但它最近也被设置为一种监测工具,可以帮助在恢复方面做出决策。3D足迹恢复为点云,根据确定的空间分辨率和给定时间,工件的可见表面的外观。然而,不同的科学成像技术也被用来获得补充信息。本文探讨了摄影测量和数据处理的多模态方法,以达到多维数据集成(即空间、时间和或光谱)。
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引用次数: 11
Color Restoration of Scanned Archaeological Artifacts with Repetitive Patterns 具有重复图案的扫描考古文物的颜色恢复
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161392
Danit Gilad-Glickman, I. Shimshoni
Our work addresses the problem of virtually restoring archaeological artifacts. Virtual restoration is the process of creating a noise-free model of a degraded object, to visualize its original appearance. Our work focuses on restoring the coloring of the object. We considered both 2D and 3D objects, including scans of ancient texts and 3D models of decorated pottery. Our denoising method exploits typical characteristics of archaeological artifacts, such as repetitive decoration motifs and a limited palette of colors. Our classification method is based on minimization of an energy function, which includes a correspondence term, to encourage consistent labeling of similar regions. The energy function is minimized using the Graph-Cuts algorithm.
我们的工作解决了虚拟修复考古文物的问题。虚拟修复是为退化物体创建无噪声模型,使其原始外观可视化的过程。我们的工作重点是恢复物体的颜色。我们考虑了2D和3D对象,包括古代文本的扫描和装饰陶器的3D模型。我们的去噪方法利用了考古文物的典型特征,如重复的装饰图案和有限的颜色调色板。我们的分类方法是基于能量函数的最小化,其中包括一个对应项,以鼓励相似区域的一致标记。使用Graph-Cuts算法最小化能量函数。
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引用次数: 1
Web-based Exploration of Semantically Rich 3D Decorative Ornament 语义丰富的三维装饰装饰的网络探索
Pub Date : 2016-10-05 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20161390
K. Rodriguez-Echavarria, D. Few, R. Song
The aim of this research is to document and provide easy access and exploration to 3D decorative ornament, in order to support its preservation and reuse in future products. The research focuses on the Regency style of ornamentation used to decorate different type of objects such as furniture, and, for example, in architecture. The ambition of the project is to bring this decorative art into the 21st Century by conducting research using the latest 3D access technologies as well as applying additive manufacturing technologies to its reproduction. Therefore, this paper will contribute information about the development of an accessible, web based, digital repository with semantically rich 3D ornamental shapes. This repository has the potential to make the content available to a variety of users, including art historians and designers.
本研究的目的是记录并提供方便的访问和探索3D装饰装饰,以支持其在未来产品中的保存和再利用。研究的重点是摄政风格的装饰,用于装饰不同类型的物体,如家具,例如,在建筑中。该项目的目标是通过使用最新的3D访问技术进行研究,并将增材制造技术应用于其复制,将这种装饰艺术带入21世纪。因此,本文将提供关于开发一个可访问的、基于web的、具有丰富语义的3D装饰形状的数字存储库的信息。这个存储库有可能使内容可供各种用户使用,包括艺术史学家和设计师。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Eurographics Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage
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