The technological developments in networking solutions, information and communication services create the basis for the provisioning of complex, real-time services. This paper addresses the charging and billing of such advanced services. Customers of complex real-time services want real-time billing information to manage their expenses while using such services. Similarly, service providers want to manage their financial risks. Determining the actual charge during a service session implies that most of the billing processes need to be executed in near real-time. Advanced services will be composed of services provided by various 3rd party providers residing in different domains. Hence, charging and billing of advanced services requires a billing system capable of composing charging and billing information from providers in different domains on a near real-time basis. We present an architecture for such a real-time, multi-domain billing system. This paper presents an enterprise model for real-time inter-domain billing, comprising the role of the end-user, subscriber, the service provider, the 3rd party provider, and the billing provider. The model builds on the RM-ODP Enterprise Viewpoint, the eTOM and the Shared Information/Data model (SID). Key words: inter-domain billing, real-time, service composition
{"title":"Case Study on Human/System Interaction Specification using UML for ODP","authors":"Hiroshi Miyazaki, Akira Tanaka","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.21","url":null,"abstract":"The technological developments in networking solutions, information and communication services create the basis for the provisioning of complex, real-time services. This paper addresses the charging and billing of such advanced services. Customers of complex real-time services want real-time billing information to manage their expenses while using such services. Similarly, service providers want to manage their financial risks. Determining the actual charge during a service session implies that most of the billing processes need to be executed in near real-time. Advanced services will be composed of services provided by various 3rd party providers residing in different domains. Hence, charging and billing of advanced services requires a billing system capable of composing charging and billing information from providers in different domains on a near real-time basis. We present an architecture for such a real-time, multi-domain billing system. This paper presents an enterprise model for real-time inter-domain billing, comprising the role of the end-user, subscriber, the service provider, the 3rd party provider, and the billing provider. The model builds on the RM-ODP Enterprise Viewpoint, the eTOM and the Shared Information/Data model (SID). Key words: inter-domain billing, real-time, service composition","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122060984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have huge improvement potential both in domain and in collaboration/interoperability capabilities. Before implementing respective improvement measures it's necessary to assess the performance in specific process areas which we divide in domain (e.g. tourism) and collaboration oriented ones. Both in enterprise collaboration (EC) and in enterprise interoperability (EI) the behavior of organizations regarding interoperability must be improved.
{"title":"Improvement model for collaborative networked organizations","authors":"J. Withalm, Walter Wölfel","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.36","url":null,"abstract":"Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have huge improvement potential both in domain and in collaboration/interoperability capabilities. Before implementing respective improvement measures it's necessary to assess the performance in specific process areas which we divide in domain (e.g. tourism) and collaboration oriented ones. Both in enterprise collaboration (EC) and in enterprise interoperability (EI) the behavior of organizations regarding interoperability must be improved.","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"1 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131639481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Management on inter-enterprise collaborations (business networks) still face grand challenges especially in terms of managing interoperability of nonfunctional properties (NFPs) at various levels (technical, semantic, pragmatic). This paper identifies three categories of nonfunctional properties (collaborative for business level, contractual for communication issues, extrafunctional for computational dependability) and describes how facilities are provided in the Pilarcos architecture for declaring, negotiating and enforcing agreed nonfunctional properties on collaborating business services and their joint activities.
{"title":"A Comparison Study of Viewpoint Approaches in Service Enterprise Architecture","authors":"B. Traverson","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.4","url":null,"abstract":"Management on inter-enterprise collaborations (business networks) still face grand challenges especially in terms of managing interoperability of nonfunctional properties (NFPs) at various levels (technical, semantic, pragmatic). This paper identifies three categories of nonfunctional properties (collaborative for business level, contractual for communication issues, extrafunctional for computational dependability) and describes how facilities are provided in the Pilarcos architecture for declaring, negotiating and enforcing agreed nonfunctional properties on collaborating business services and their joint activities.","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132351696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Romero, Carlos Parra, L. Seinturier, L. Duchien, R. Casallas
In pervasive environments, users can potentially access a variety of services through their mobile devices. However, in order to use the new services, we need to adapt the functionality of these devices. To achieve it, we propose to load a bootstrap into them that is able to communicate with the services. However this bootstrap has to be adapted due to the diversity of services offered in the environment, which are heterogeneous regarding aspects such as communication and discovery. Our bootstrap has two layers: the application layer and the middleware layer. This paper focuses in the middleware layer. We propose an architecture based on the service component architecture (SCA). The architecture eases the reconfiguration of the components at runtime to support different communication mechanisms and service discovery protocols. Besides, using SCA, we can add new functionality to the middleware platform that can be provided by remote applications (SCA or not).
{"title":"An SCA-Based Middleware Platform for Mobile Devices","authors":"Daniel Romero, Carlos Parra, L. Seinturier, L. Duchien, R. Casallas","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.17","url":null,"abstract":"In pervasive environments, users can potentially access a variety of services through their mobile devices. However, in order to use the new services, we need to adapt the functionality of these devices. To achieve it, we propose to load a bootstrap into them that is able to communicate with the services. However this bootstrap has to be adapted due to the diversity of services offered in the environment, which are heterogeneous regarding aspects such as communication and discovery. Our bootstrap has two layers: the application layer and the middleware layer. This paper focuses in the middleware layer. We propose an architecture based on the service component architecture (SCA). The architecture eases the reconfiguration of the components at runtime to support different communication mechanisms and service discovery protocols. Besides, using SCA, we can add new functionality to the middleware platform that can be provided by remote applications (SCA or not).","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129692283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses the problem of describing and analyzing data manipulation within business process workflow specifications. We apply a model-driven approach. We begin with business requirement specifications, consisting of an ontology and an associated set of normative rules, that define the ways in which business processes can interact. We then transform this specification into a Petri Net workflow model and, separately, an Event B specification. The former models can be submitted to further behavioural analysis to ensure, for instance, satisfaction of liveness and safety properties. The latter specifications are important as we can use theorem proving techniques to check and refine data representation with respect to process evolution. An important property of the transformation is semantic equivalence between the Petri net model and Event-B model.
{"title":"Normative Ontologies for Data-Centric Business Process Management","authors":"I. Poernomo, T. Umarov","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.47","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of describing and analyzing data manipulation within business process workflow specifications. We apply a model-driven approach. We begin with business requirement specifications, consisting of an ontology and an associated set of normative rules, that define the ways in which business processes can interact. We then transform this specification into a Petri Net workflow model and, separately, an Event B specification. The former models can be submitted to further behavioural analysis to ensure, for instance, satisfaction of liveness and safety properties. The latter specifications are important as we can use theorem proving techniques to check and refine data representation with respect to process evolution. An important property of the transformation is semantic equivalence between the Petri net model and Event-B model.","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121084016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IT organizations that wish to implement the best practices recommended by the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) need to specify the level of service provided to their customers. The implemented service needs to comply with this specification. We propose a method for describing declarative specifications of services, and of their planned constructions. These specifications can then be used to verify the alignment between the specification and the construction. This method is based on first-order logic and on refinement theory for alignment verification. The alignment verification is automated using the Alloy specification language and the Alloy Analyzer tool. The method is illustrated with the example of a utility emergency service inspired from a real project.
{"title":"Declarative Specification and Alignment Verification of Services in ITIL","authors":"I. Rychkova, Gil Regev, A. Wegmann","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.28","url":null,"abstract":"IT organizations that wish to implement the best practices recommended by the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) need to specify the level of service provided to their customers. The implemented service needs to comply with this specification. We propose a method for describing declarative specifications of services, and of their planned constructions. These specifications can then be used to verify the alignment between the specification and the construction. This method is based on first-order logic and on refinement theory for alignment verification. The alignment verification is automated using the Alloy specification language and the Alloy Analyzer tool. The method is illustrated with the example of a utility emergency service inspired from a real project.","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124382404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Systems based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA) can be implemented with many different technologies, and in particular, they can be implemented with a heterogeneous set of technologies. An enterprise service bus (ESB) is a typical option for bridging the technology boundaries. It is desirable to have technology-independent models of the core services in the IT system. We present here computation-independent models (CIMs) and platform-independent models (PIMs) for service oriented architectures. Our models have the following advantages: Some of the CIMs are closely related to Petri net approaches; the PIMs are expressed in the same formalism as the CIMs; a canonical PIM is easily derived from a CIM; the semantics of the PIMs matches the operation of a typical enterprise service bus architecture. Finally, both CIM and PIM are defined as core semantic data models and can therefore be created with most semantic data modeling tools.
{"title":"Technology-Independent Modeling of Service Interaction","authors":"Gerald Weber","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.56","url":null,"abstract":"Systems based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA) can be implemented with many different technologies, and in particular, they can be implemented with a heterogeneous set of technologies. An enterprise service bus (ESB) is a typical option for bridging the technology boundaries. It is desirable to have technology-independent models of the core services in the IT system. We present here computation-independent models (CIMs) and platform-independent models (PIMs) for service oriented architectures. Our models have the following advantages: Some of the CIMs are closely related to Petri net approaches; the PIMs are expressed in the same formalism as the CIMs; a canonical PIM is easily derived from a CIM; the semantics of the PIMs matches the operation of a typical enterprise service bus architecture. Finally, both CIM and PIM are defined as core semantic data models and can therefore be created with most semantic data modeling tools.","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117040591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yohsuke Isozaki, Yoshihiro Kanna, Koki Kato, Tsuyoshi Kanai, Daisuke Miyamoto, S. Kikuchi
Monitoring on heterogeneous large-scale business process is crucial for system management. But heterogeneous large-scale business processes cannot be satisfactorily monitored because there is no interoperability among process monitoring functions provided by multiple vendors. We found that monitoring on messages and messaging activities of Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL) processes was suitable for monitoring of heterogeneous large-scale business process. We present a common audit-data format that is designed for monitoring heterogeneous business processes. Additionally, we present the results of monitoring heterogeneous business processes by this common audit-data.
{"title":"Monitoring Cross-Site Processes Executed across Heterogeneous WS-BPEL Processors","authors":"Yohsuke Isozaki, Yoshihiro Kanna, Koki Kato, Tsuyoshi Kanai, Daisuke Miyamoto, S. Kikuchi","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.46","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring on heterogeneous large-scale business process is crucial for system management. But heterogeneous large-scale business processes cannot be satisfactorily monitored because there is no interoperability among process monitoring functions provided by multiple vendors. We found that monitoring on messages and messaging activities of Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL) processes was suitable for monitoring of heterogeneous large-scale business process. We present a common audit-data format that is designed for monitoring heterogeneous business processes. Additionally, we present the results of monitoring heterogeneous business processes by this common audit-data.","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126965604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viewpoint modeling has demonstrated to be an effective approach for specifying complex software systems by means of a set of independent viewpoints and correspondences between them. During its life cycle, a software system continuously evolves, as well as its specification changes to meet new requirements or to adapt to business changes. As a consequence, views and correspondences can be added, modified or removed, which may cause synchronization and consistency problems in the system specifications. In this paper, we explore the use of ASP to represent viewpoints, views and correspondences using its declarative logic and features, and we outline how this approach can be suitable to manage and maintain viewpoint synchronization in evolution scenarios.
{"title":"Tools and Infrastructure Facilities for Controlling Non-Functional Properties in Inter-Enterprise in Collaborations","authors":"L. Kutvonen","doi":"10.1109/EDOCW.2008.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW.2008.58","url":null,"abstract":"Viewpoint modeling has demonstrated to be an effective approach for specifying complex software systems by means of a set of independent viewpoints and correspondences between them. During its life cycle, a software system continuously evolves, as well as its specification changes to meet new requirements or to adapt to business changes. As a consequence, views and correspondences can be added, modified or removed, which may cause synchronization and consistency problems in the system specifications. In this paper, we explore the use of ASP to represent viewpoints, views and correspondences using its declarative logic and features, and we outline how this approach can be suitable to manage and maintain viewpoint synchronization in evolution scenarios.","PeriodicalId":205960,"journal":{"name":"2008 12th Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124856513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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