Abstract In order to define the new religious movements on Romanian territory beginning in the 19th century, the following terms need to be explained: sect Church, Evangelical Church, and Neo-Protestant Church. First, the term ‘sect’ has negative connotations, and it is being used more and more seldom after the Communist era. Second, the term ‘Evangelical’ is currently more accepted even by historians (such as Dorin Dobrincu) but it still can be confusing because it refers to German Lutherans. Finally, the term ‘Neo-Protestant’ is problematic because it can lead to confusion about modern Lutheran Protestantism, which is called in German Neoprotestantismus. This work uses the term ‘Neo-Protestant’ as it will be shown that these cults have a historical sustainability of classical Protestantism bringing new aspects but still respecting the same frame, the same matrix.
{"title":"Modern Religious Movements on Romanian Territory Can Evangelical Cults in Romania Historically be Seen as NeoProtestant?","authors":"Vlad Bogdan Cristian","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to define the new religious movements on Romanian territory beginning in the 19th century, the following terms need to be explained: sect Church, Evangelical Church, and Neo-Protestant Church. First, the term ‘sect’ has negative connotations, and it is being used more and more seldom after the Communist era. Second, the term ‘Evangelical’ is currently more accepted even by historians (such as Dorin Dobrincu) but it still can be confusing because it refers to German Lutherans. Finally, the term ‘Neo-Protestant’ is problematic because it can lead to confusion about modern Lutheran Protestantism, which is called in German Neoprotestantismus. This work uses the term ‘Neo-Protestant’ as it will be shown that these cults have a historical sustainability of classical Protestantism bringing new aspects but still respecting the same frame, the same matrix.","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128428544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The Union of 1918 stands in the Romanian historiography as the great event of the national history, the moment when Romanians who had been living for centuries under foreign rules came together in one united country. Despite the enthusiasm of those days, soon it became obvious that putting together areas with different histories, different backgrounds and different cultures was not such a simple process. The difficulties and the setbacks of the aftermath of the Great Union entered more recently the attention of the Romanian historiography, preoccupied for a long time rather on its significance for the nation than on its hardships. The present study addresses one of the issues debated in the interwar Romanian press, regarding the extent to which Transylvania was getting loose of its foreign marks and gaining a Romanian character.
{"title":"“The Hardships of the Beginning”. The “Foreign Character” of Transylvanian Towns in the Interwar Press","authors":"Maria Tătar-Dan","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Union of 1918 stands in the Romanian historiography as the great event of the national history, the moment when Romanians who had been living for centuries under foreign rules came together in one united country. Despite the enthusiasm of those days, soon it became obvious that putting together areas with different histories, different backgrounds and different cultures was not such a simple process. The difficulties and the setbacks of the aftermath of the Great Union entered more recently the attention of the Romanian historiography, preoccupied for a long time rather on its significance for the nation than on its hardships. The present study addresses one of the issues debated in the interwar Romanian press, regarding the extent to which Transylvania was getting loose of its foreign marks and gaining a Romanian character.","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124799322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The 1990s and the early 2000s was a period of revitalization of the Romani studies in Romania. Participants in the process were non-Roma as well as Roma authors. The religious practices and the affiliations of the Romanies was regarded to be a significant matter to start building a dignified profile of the ethnic group from the perspective of the in - group members who ventured to participate in knowledge production,. If a first generation of Roma intellectuals were more concerned to find corelations and provide explanations in a more or less essentialized fashion, the analysis of the scientific literature authored by a young generation of the in-group members indicate a certain tendency to over-politicize the topic of religiosity and the religious affiliation of the Romanian Romanies. In the process, the Romanian Orthodox Church has been turned into a target. Specifically, the acknowledgment that the dominating religious actor from Romania took part in the perpetuation of the state of slavery of the Romanies makes the Romanian Orthodoxy vulnerable to a series of recent public attacks. This inglorious past is used to symbolically and rhetorically justify the ongoing reaffiliation of the Romanies to neo-Protestant churches. Recognizably, the politicization of the religious affiliation of the minority group was started by a first generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals and the young generation only intensified their attacks. If one considers the in-group knowledge production in a comparative manner, one can realize that a first generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals found it reasonable to accommodate the Romanipen to the religious background dominating in Romania, while a young generation has chosen to overtly and loudly confront the national hegemon religious institution. This is the main trend, but, as I will demonstrate it is not at all a unique approach to the religiosity of the Romanies as undertook by in-group voices. Some Romanian Roma authors have preferred to re-write back to their ethnic and generational peers and to take side with the Romanian Orthodox Church. In their research, the Romanies end up being blamed by a mendacious relation to the religious institution to which the majority Romanian population has been affiliating for centuries. At the same time, the neo-Protestant churches are suspected to act superficially and their missionary work among the Roma communities could be indirectly suggested to represent the convenient meeting ground between two religious scammers. In the present paper I discuss to what extent the new generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals have considered suitable to weaponize the knowledge production on this specific matter and outline the political stakes behind the arguments employed to carry this symbolical and rhetorical battle between in-group narratives.
{"title":"Religious Affiliation as a Political Site of Contestation? Polemical Voices of a New Generation of Romanian Romani Authors*","authors":"Marian Zăloagă","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The 1990s and the early 2000s was a period of revitalization of the Romani studies in Romania. Participants in the process were non-Roma as well as Roma authors. The religious practices and the affiliations of the Romanies was regarded to be a significant matter to start building a dignified profile of the ethnic group from the perspective of the in - group members who ventured to participate in knowledge production,. If a first generation of Roma intellectuals were more concerned to find corelations and provide explanations in a more or less essentialized fashion, the analysis of the scientific literature authored by a young generation of the in-group members indicate a certain tendency to over-politicize the topic of religiosity and the religious affiliation of the Romanian Romanies. In the process, the Romanian Orthodox Church has been turned into a target. Specifically, the acknowledgment that the dominating religious actor from Romania took part in the perpetuation of the state of slavery of the Romanies makes the Romanian Orthodoxy vulnerable to a series of recent public attacks. This inglorious past is used to symbolically and rhetorically justify the ongoing reaffiliation of the Romanies to neo-Protestant churches. Recognizably, the politicization of the religious affiliation of the minority group was started by a first generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals and the young generation only intensified their attacks. If one considers the in-group knowledge production in a comparative manner, one can realize that a first generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals found it reasonable to accommodate the Romanipen to the religious background dominating in Romania, while a young generation has chosen to overtly and loudly confront the national hegemon religious institution. This is the main trend, but, as I will demonstrate it is not at all a unique approach to the religiosity of the Romanies as undertook by in-group voices. Some Romanian Roma authors have preferred to re-write back to their ethnic and generational peers and to take side with the Romanian Orthodox Church. In their research, the Romanies end up being blamed by a mendacious relation to the religious institution to which the majority Romanian population has been affiliating for centuries. At the same time, the neo-Protestant churches are suspected to act superficially and their missionary work among the Roma communities could be indirectly suggested to represent the convenient meeting ground between two religious scammers. In the present paper I discuss to what extent the new generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals have considered suitable to weaponize the knowledge production on this specific matter and outline the political stakes behind the arguments employed to carry this symbolical and rhetorical battle between in-group narratives.","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121154387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review: Dansul Natașei. O istorie culturalӑ a Rusiei","authors":"Andrei Guțu","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123051342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The First Parliamentary Elections In Năsăud County, Organized After The Accession Of King Carol II The elections organized in 1931 represent the first electoral events after the ascension to the throne of King Carol II. The weak authority of the regency meant that the restoration was done without any major opposition from the citizens, who, on the contrary, welcomed the event. In Năsăud county, Carol’s arrival and proclamation as king was received with great enthusiasm by the population and the authorities. After the resignation of the P.N.Ţ government, the King tasked N. Iorga to form a government of national union. This government was, in fact, the first technocratic government in Romanian history. The national union was also organized in Năsăud county, where it had a joint list with the liberals and campaigned against P. N. Ţ. By appointing this government, the King wanted to show the parties that a government can be made outside of the parties. After the June 1931 general elections in Năsăud county, the National Union obtained the two senatorial mandates and one deputy mandate, the People’s Party received one deputy mandate, and the other deputy mandate went to P.N.Ţ.The Iorga government was actually an attempt by King Carol II to govern outside of the parties and over the parties, an experiment that ultimately was a failure, the following governments belonging to the parties.
卡洛二世国王即位后举行的第一次议会选举是卡洛二世国王即位后举行的第一次选举。摄政王的软弱权威意味着复辟没有受到公民的强烈反对，相反，他们欢迎这一事件。在nnurusuud县，卡罗尔的到来和宣布为国王受到了人民和当局的极大热情。P.N.Ţ政府辞职后，国王责成尼奥尔加组建全国联合政府。事实上，这届政府是罗马尼亚历史上第一个技术官僚政府。全国工会也在nnlourud县成立，在那里它与自由派有一个联合名单，并反对P. N. Ţ。通过任命这个政府，国王想向各党派表明，政府可以在各党派之外成立。1931年6月nnursurud县大选后，国民联盟党获得两席参议员和一席众议员，人民党获得一席众议员，另一席众议员为P.N.Ţ。伊奥尔加政府实际上是国王卡罗尔二世试图在政党之外统治政党，这一实验最终以失败告终，之后的政府都属于政党。
{"title":"Primele Alegeri Parlamentare Din Județul Năsăud, Organizate După Urcarea PE Tron a Regelui Carol II","authors":"Ovidiu Bindea","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The First Parliamentary Elections In Năsăud County, Organized After The Accession Of King Carol II The elections organized in 1931 represent the first electoral events after the ascension to the throne of King Carol II. The weak authority of the regency meant that the restoration was done without any major opposition from the citizens, who, on the contrary, welcomed the event. In Năsăud county, Carol’s arrival and proclamation as king was received with great enthusiasm by the population and the authorities. After the resignation of the P.N.Ţ government, the King tasked N. Iorga to form a government of national union. This government was, in fact, the first technocratic government in Romanian history. The national union was also organized in Năsăud county, where it had a joint list with the liberals and campaigned against P. N. Ţ. By appointing this government, the King wanted to show the parties that a government can be made outside of the parties. After the June 1931 general elections in Năsăud county, the National Union obtained the two senatorial mandates and one deputy mandate, the People’s Party received one deputy mandate, and the other deputy mandate went to P.N.Ţ.The Iorga government was actually an attempt by King Carol II to govern outside of the parties and over the parties, an experiment that ultimately was a failure, the following governments belonging to the parties.","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128754638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laurențiu Vlad, Istorii româneşti ale ideii de Europa, secolele XVII-XXI (imagini, note, reflecții), Colecția Studii Europene, Iași, Editura Institutul European, 2021, 344 p.","authors":"Georgeta Fodor","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2021-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2021-0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126712033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The name of American historian Keith Hitchins has been established over the past three decades among the Romanian and foreign readers who are passionate about Romanian history, primarily because of his syntheses of modern history, which have demonstrated a great deal of objectivity and professionalism. The lines below focused on its last synthesis, the brief history of Romania, in which the author outlined the most important moments in our history, from Antiquity to the post-communist period.
{"title":"Cărţile Istoricului Keith Hitchins: Ultima Sinteză De Istoria României","authors":"Corina Teodor","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The name of American historian Keith Hitchins has been established over the past three decades among the Romanian and foreign readers who are passionate about Romanian history, primarily because of his syntheses of modern history, which have demonstrated a great deal of objectivity and professionalism. The lines below focused on its last synthesis, the brief history of Romania, in which the author outlined the most important moments in our history, from Antiquity to the post-communist period.","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127932127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The launch of the Erasmus program in 1987 is the result of a long series of negotiations and discussions on the future of the European Union. Although the Erasmus program is currently considered the European Union’s most successful program in the field of education, its adoption has not been an easy process. This is due to the lack of a unanimous vision for the social and cultural side of unification, but also to the economic limitations of the Community. The growing number of participants, as well as the impact on young Europeans, have contributed to the program’s popularity. What started as a pilot program in the field of education, has acquired over time the characteristics of a generational phenomenon. The representatives of the Erasmus generation are those who widely share the values promoted by the European Union, their contribution is often invoked in debates on the development and future of Europe.
{"title":"Erasmus. From Pilot Program to Generational Phenomenon","authors":"Anda-Florina Țibuleac","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2021-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2021-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The launch of the Erasmus program in 1987 is the result of a long series of negotiations and discussions on the future of the European Union. Although the Erasmus program is currently considered the European Union’s most successful program in the field of education, its adoption has not been an easy process. This is due to the lack of a unanimous vision for the social and cultural side of unification, but also to the economic limitations of the Community. The growing number of participants, as well as the impact on young Europeans, have contributed to the program’s popularity. What started as a pilot program in the field of education, has acquired over time the characteristics of a generational phenomenon. The representatives of the Erasmus generation are those who widely share the values promoted by the European Union, their contribution is often invoked in debates on the development and future of Europe.","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128603102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radu Mârza, Călători români privind pe fereastra trenului. O încercare de istorie culturală (1830-1930), Iași, Editura Polirom, 2020, 214 p.","authors":"Corina Teodor","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114678063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mișcarea națională a românilor din Transilvania între 1849-1918. Documente, vol. VII/1, vol. VII/2, Dumitru Suciu (coord.), Simion Retegan Loránd Mádly, Mirela Popa-Andrei, Daniela Deteșan, București, Editura Academiei Române, 2015, 505 p.; 2019, LXXXI +473 p.","authors":"Anișoara Balog","doi":"10.2478/amsh-2021-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/amsh-2021-0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206123,"journal":{"name":"Acta Marisiensis. Seria Historia","volume":"2018 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131731167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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