Goriparthi Rajyalakshmi, Y. Ravikumar, D. Ramakrishna, Samba Siva Rao Kumbha
In this paper, the development and designing of angle-independent metamaterial microwave absorbers are presented. The unit cell consists of two concentric circle that are linked by consolidated resistors. The absorber is built on a dielectric substrate (FR4) with a thickness of 3.2 mm (λ/0.07) and a dielectric constant of 4.3. The wideband absorption is acquired in the range of 2.8 to 10.42 GHz with a wide band of 7.62 GHz with absorptivity above 90%. In the area of interest, a flat band is obtained, and to examine the current distribution and electric field in the respective region, two peaks are considered at a frequency of 3.66 and 9.54 GHz, with maximum absorptivity of 99.99% and 99.44%, respectively. The presented absorber is examined under different angles for phi and theta variation. From the phi variation, it is observed that for all the angles, absorptivity does not vary, which confirms that the absorber is acting as an angle independent. The fabricated sheet consists of an array of a unit cell, which is examined inside the anechoic chamber with the help of two horn antennas and vector network analyzer. The tested and simulated results are compared, and it was observed that they are close in their agreement. At the end of the manuscript, the presented and already reported arts are compared, and it is observed that the presented one operates for the low frequency with higher bandwidth. The presented absorber can be practically used for defense applications for Radar Cross Sections reduction.
本文介绍了不依赖于角度的超材料微波吸收器的发展和设计。单晶胞由两个同心圆组成，它们由整合电阻连接。吸收器建立在厚度为3.2 mm (λ/0.07)，介电常数为4.3的介电衬底(FR4)上。在2.8 ~ 10.42 GHz范围内获得宽带吸收，其中7.62 GHz宽带吸收率在90%以上。在感兴趣的区域，得到了一个平坦的波段，为了检查各自区域的电流分布和电场，考虑了两个峰，频率为3.66和9.54 GHz，最大吸光度分别为99.99%和99.44%。在不同角度下对所提出的吸收器进行了phi和θ变化的检验。从phi的变化，可以观察到，对于所有的角度，吸收率都不变化，这证实了吸收器的作用与角度无关。制造的薄片由一个单元阵列组成，在两个喇叭天线和矢量网络分析仪的帮助下在消声室内进行检测。将试验结果与模拟结果进行了比较，发现两者吻合较好。在本文的最后，对所提出的和已经报道的艺术进行了比较，并观察到所提出的艺术在低频下具有较高的带宽。所提出的吸波器可实际用于减少雷达横截面的防御应用。
{"title":"Angle Independent Metamaterial Absorber for S and C Band Application","authors":"Goriparthi Rajyalakshmi, Y. Ravikumar, D. Ramakrishna, Samba Siva Rao Kumbha","doi":"10.2528/pierc22120501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierc22120501","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, the development and designing of angle-independent metamaterial microwave absorbers are presented. The unit cell consists of two concentric circle that are linked by consolidated resistors. The absorber is built on a dielectric substrate (FR4) with a thickness of 3.2 mm (λ/0.07) and a dielectric constant of 4.3. The wideband absorption is acquired in the range of 2.8 to 10.42 GHz with a wide band of 7.62 GHz with absorptivity above 90%. In the area of interest, a flat band is obtained, and to examine the current distribution and electric field in the respective region, two peaks are considered at a frequency of 3.66 and 9.54 GHz, with maximum absorptivity of 99.99% and 99.44%, respectively. The presented absorber is examined under different angles for phi and theta variation. From the phi variation, it is observed that for all the angles, absorptivity does not vary, which confirms that the absorber is acting as an angle independent. The fabricated sheet consists of an array of a unit cell, which is examined inside the anechoic chamber with the help of two horn antennas and vector network analyzer. The tested and simulated results are compared, and it was observed that they are close in their agreement. At the end of the manuscript, the presented and already reported arts are compared, and it is observed that the presented one operates for the low frequency with higher bandwidth. The presented absorber can be practically used for defense applications for Radar Cross Sections reduction.","PeriodicalId":20699,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Electromagnetics Research C","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48744752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaolong Qi, Lei Zhang, Weixian Tan, Pingping Huang, Zhonggen Wei, Haikun Liu
{"title":"Method for Calculating True Value of Landslide Deformation Based on Micro Deformation Monitoring Radar","authors":"Yaolong Qi, Lei Zhang, Weixian Tan, Pingping Huang, Zhonggen Wei, Haikun Liu","doi":"10.2528/pierc23032004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierc23032004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20699,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Electromagnetics Research C","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136259882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Conformal Wearable Antenna Based on Artificial Magnetic Conductor for GPS Applications","authors":"Shuqi Wang, Yuqin Shi","doi":"10.2528/pierc23080804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierc23080804","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20699,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Electromagnetics Research C","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135007718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
|In this paper, a novel magnetic gear motor (MGM) with nonuniform air gap Halbach array magnetization is proposed to study the in(cid:13)uence of temperature change on its electromagnetic performance. The inner PM adopts the Halbach array magnetization structure, which makes the inner rotor air gap have an uneven air gap structure, thereby improving the air gap (cid:13)ux density. In addition, the air gap magnetic (cid:12)eld of MGM is analyzed by the (cid:12)nite element method (FEM), and the 3D model of the motor is established. The main losses of the motor, including copper loss, eddy current loss, and hysteresis loss are coupled to each component as a thermal source and studied by magneto-thermal coupling. The transient variation characteristics of loss distribution during MGM operation are comprehensively considered. The temperature variation of each component of the MGM with time during load operation is studied in detail. The results show that the temperature of the PM of the MGM is close to 91.8 ◦ C when the rated load is running, and the PM of the motor does not undergo irreversible demagnetization.
{"title":"Coupling Analysis of Multi-physical Fields of Magnetic Gear Motor with Nonuniform Air-gap Halbach Array Magnetization","authors":"Zhangtao Kui, Kun Yang, Weizhao Tang, Libing Jing","doi":"10.2528/pierc23061402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierc23061402","url":null,"abstract":"|In this paper, a novel magnetic gear motor (MGM) with nonuniform air gap Halbach array magnetization is proposed to study the in(cid:13)uence of temperature change on its electromagnetic performance. The inner PM adopts the Halbach array magnetization structure, which makes the inner rotor air gap have an uneven air gap structure, thereby improving the air gap (cid:13)ux density. In addition, the air gap magnetic (cid:12)eld of MGM is analyzed by the (cid:12)nite element method (FEM), and the 3D model of the motor is established. The main losses of the motor, including copper loss, eddy current loss, and hysteresis loss are coupled to each component as a thermal source and studied by magneto-thermal coupling. The transient variation characteristics of loss distribution during MGM operation are comprehensively considered. The temperature variation of each component of the MGM with time during load operation is studied in detail. The results show that the temperature of the PM of the MGM is close to 91.8 ◦ C when the rated load is running, and the PM of the motor does not undergo irreversible demagnetization.","PeriodicalId":20699,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Electromagnetics Research C","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135496150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compact Wideband Four Elements MIMO Antenna for 5G Applications","authors":"Shubhangi Mangesh Verulkar, Alka Khade, Mahadu Annarao Trimukhe, Rajiv Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.2528/pierc23051501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierc23051501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20699,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Electromagnetics Research C","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135400922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three-dimensional Imaging Method of Target Based on Time-domain Sparse Representation of Multi-view SAR Data","authors":"Jinrong Zhong, Shengqi Liu, Xing Zhang","doi":"10.2528/pierc23031002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierc23031002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20699,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Electromagnetics Research C","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135104322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
|The performance of the Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) for hybrid optical links SMF/FSO based on different data rates and MIMO con(cid:12)guration techniques was obtained using OptiSystem TM which is close to the results of the experimental system. The developed system was tested with various transmission distances: 20, 30, 40, and 50 km, and in the existence of many con(cid:12)guration kinds and modulations. In addition to that, the hybrid system was estimated with different weather cases: clear, rain, and snow. The results state that the performance of the OOK-NRZ system is better than OOK-RZ system under the same conditions. Also, the performance of the free space link is better than the (cid:12)ber link for most of the considered link ranges and con(cid:12)gurations. For OOKNRZ of the (cid:12)ber link, it was found that the MIMO 8 (cid:2) 8 technique has better system performance than other con(cid:12)gurations, and the Q-factor = 11 : 39 and BER = 5 : 4 (cid:2) 10 (cid:0) 30 for a length of 50 km while for the FSO link, it was found that MIMO 8 (cid:2) 8 indicates a high performance for Q-factor = 12 : 7 and BER = 1 : 8 (cid:2) 10 (cid:0) 37 . The maximum FSO link distances under different weather conditions and coupling ratios were found. For BER (cid:20) 10 (cid:0) 9 , in NRZ format for SMF 50 km utilizing MISO 8 (cid:2) 1 technology in clear weather for 10 Gbps, 15 Gbps, and 20 Gbps for FSO links, the maximum accessible lengths are 0.6 km, 0.51 km, and 0.43 km, respectively. The process is expanded to include snow conditions for data rates of 10 Gbps, 15 Gbps, and 20 Gbps for FSO links with lengths of 0.4 km, 0.3 km, and 0.26 km, respectively.
{"title":"Performance Improvement of the Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Based on Active Hybrid Design and MIMO Configuration","authors":"Mohammed Quasim, Haider J. Abd","doi":"10.2528/pierc23080710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierc23080710","url":null,"abstract":"|The performance of the Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) for hybrid optical links SMF/FSO based on different data rates and MIMO con(cid:12)guration techniques was obtained using OptiSystem TM which is close to the results of the experimental system. The developed system was tested with various transmission distances: 20, 30, 40, and 50 km, and in the existence of many con(cid:12)guration kinds and modulations. In addition to that, the hybrid system was estimated with different weather cases: clear, rain, and snow. The results state that the performance of the OOK-NRZ system is better than OOK-RZ system under the same conditions. Also, the performance of the free space link is better than the (cid:12)ber link for most of the considered link ranges and con(cid:12)gurations. For OOKNRZ of the (cid:12)ber link, it was found that the MIMO 8 (cid:2) 8 technique has better system performance than other con(cid:12)gurations, and the Q-factor = 11 : 39 and BER = 5 : 4 (cid:2) 10 (cid:0) 30 for a length of 50 km while for the FSO link, it was found that MIMO 8 (cid:2) 8 indicates a high performance for Q-factor = 12 : 7 and BER = 1 : 8 (cid:2) 10 (cid:0) 37 . The maximum FSO link distances under different weather conditions and coupling ratios were found. For BER (cid:20) 10 (cid:0) 9 , in NRZ format for SMF 50 km utilizing MISO 8 (cid:2) 1 technology in clear weather for 10 Gbps, 15 Gbps, and 20 Gbps for FSO links, the maximum accessible lengths are 0.6 km, 0.51 km, and 0.43 km, respectively. The process is expanded to include snow conditions for data rates of 10 Gbps, 15 Gbps, and 20 Gbps for FSO links with lengths of 0.4 km, 0.3 km, and 0.26 km, respectively.","PeriodicalId":20699,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Electromagnetics Research C","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135843405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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