首页 > 最新文献

Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society最新文献

英文 中文
Effect of the 17beta-aminoestrogen pentolame on bone mineral levels in ovariectomized rats. 17 -氨基雌激素对去卵巢大鼠骨矿物质水平的影响。
María Estela Avila, Sonia Angeles Garcia, Margarita Reyes Salas, Silvia Antuna, Cristina Lemini

Estrogens are fundamental to maintaining bone mineral balance. 17beta-aminoestrogens produce low estrogenic effects through ERalpha and ERbeta receptors, however their effects on bone tissue are unknown. This work evaluates the effects of the 17beta-aminoestrogen pentolame (AEP) and estradiol (E2) on the mineral profile of rat femur. Six months after ovariectomy (Ovx) adult Wistar rats (200-250g) were treated every third day for 30 days with subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of E2 (1, 10, 100 microg/kg), AEP (1, 10, 100, 500 microg/kg) or vehicle (propylenglycol; 1 ml/kg). After treatment, femur samples were prepared and Ca, P, Mg, Si, Fe, S, Na, K, and Cl concentration profiles were estimated using an X-ray analysis system coupled to an scanning electron microscope. Ovariectomy significantly decreased Ca, P, Mg and Si and increased Fe and S. Treatment with E2 restored Ca, P, Mg, and Si to the control values and decreased Fe and S in a dose dependent manner. AEP restored the levels of Ca, P, Mg and Si at all doses administered. AEP increased the levels of Fe and restored S to the basal level. The other minerals showed great variability and no significant differences were detected. Our results indicate differential action of AEP related to E2 in the restitution of bone mineral content.

雌激素是维持骨矿物质平衡的基础。17 -氨基雌激素通过era和erb受体产生低雌激素效应,但其对骨组织的影响尚不清楚。本研究评价了17 - β -氨基雌激素、戊olame (AEP)和雌二醇(E2)对大鼠股骨矿物分布的影响。卵巢切除(Ovx) 6个月后,成年Wistar大鼠(200-250g)每隔3天皮下注射E2(1,10,100微克/千克),AEP(1,10,100, 500微克/千克)或对照物(丙二醇;1毫升/公斤)。处理后,制备股骨样品,并使用x射线分析系统耦合扫描电子显微镜估计Ca, P, Mg, Si, Fe, S, Na, K和Cl浓度谱。卵巢切除术显著降低Ca、P、Mg和Si,增加Fe和S。E2治疗使Ca、P、Mg和Si恢复到对照值,并以剂量依赖性方式降低Fe和S。AEP在所有剂量下都能恢复Ca、P、Mg和Si的水平。AEP提高了铁的水平,使S恢复到基础水平。其他矿物表现出很大的变异性,未发现显著差异。我们的结果表明AEP与E2在骨矿物质含量恢复中的差异作用。
{"title":"Effect of the 17beta-aminoestrogen pentolame on bone mineral levels in ovariectomized rats.","authors":"María Estela Avila,&nbsp;Sonia Angeles Garcia,&nbsp;Margarita Reyes Salas,&nbsp;Silvia Antuna,&nbsp;Cristina Lemini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estrogens are fundamental to maintaining bone mineral balance. 17beta-aminoestrogens produce low estrogenic effects through ERalpha and ERbeta receptors, however their effects on bone tissue are unknown. This work evaluates the effects of the 17beta-aminoestrogen pentolame (AEP) and estradiol (E2) on the mineral profile of rat femur. Six months after ovariectomy (Ovx) adult Wistar rats (200-250g) were treated every third day for 30 days with subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of E2 (1, 10, 100 microg/kg), AEP (1, 10, 100, 500 microg/kg) or vehicle (propylenglycol; 1 ml/kg). After treatment, femur samples were prepared and Ca, P, Mg, Si, Fe, S, Na, K, and Cl concentration profiles were estimated using an X-ray analysis system coupled to an scanning electron microscope. Ovariectomy significantly decreased Ca, P, Mg and Si and increased Fe and S. Treatment with E2 restored Ca, P, Mg, and Si to the control values and decreased Fe and S in a dose dependent manner. AEP restored the levels of Ca, P, Mg and Si at all doses administered. AEP increased the levels of Fe and restored S to the basal level. The other minerals showed great variability and no significant differences were detected. Our results indicate differential action of AEP related to E2 in the restitution of bone mineral content.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"43-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30293309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acute toxicity of guaiacol administered subcutaneously in the mouse. 小鼠皮下注射愈创木酚的急性毒性。
Maria Elena Martínez Enriquez, Andrea Del Villar, David Chauvet, Alfredo Lopez Valle, Macario Susano Pompeyo, Alfonso Efraín Campos Sepúlveda

Guaiacol is a compound used as expectorant. In Mexico City, this product is being illegally used for aesthetic treatment with fatal results. The aim of this study is to confirm the lethal toxicity documented in humans. Male Swiss Webster mice (CFW) 30-45g were employed. Dose-response curves to guaiacol were performed by subcutaneous administration (6.25-400 microl/40g). Basal temperature was recorded 30-120 min following administration of guaiacol. Animals were continuously observed for 120 min after guaiacol administration, lethality and toxicity manifestations were recorded. Depending of the dose, high toxicity was observed; sub lethal doses (6.25-12.5 microl/40 g) produced tachycardia and hyperactivity, follow by sedation, hypnosis, high hypothermic effect (loss of 6 degrees C) dyspnea, myoclonus, hematuria, blindness, abdominal distension and in higher doses (25-400 microl/40 g) lethal effect. Necropsy showed hepatic and renal necrosis, pulmonary edema, hemorrhages and bladder clotting. We concluded that guaiacol is an extremely toxic product (toxic rating class 5) whose use should be restricted or banned.

愈创木酚是一种用作祛痰剂的化合物。在墨西哥城,这种产品被非法用于美容治疗,造成了致命的后果。本研究的目的是确认在人类中记录的致命毒性。选用雄性瑞士韦氏小鼠(CFW) 30-45g。皮下给药(6.25 ~ 400 microl/40g)时,绘制愈创木酚的剂量-反应曲线。记录愈创木酚给药后30-120 min的基础体温。给药后连续观察动物120 min,记录致死性和毒性表现。根据剂量不同,观察到高毒性;亚致死剂量(6.25-12.5微升/40克)产生心动过速和亢进,随后是镇静、催眠、高低温效应(失去6摄氏度)、呼吸困难、肌收缩、血尿、失明、腹胀,高剂量(25-400微升/40克)产生致死效应。尸检显示肝、肾坏死、肺水肿、出血及膀胱凝血。我们的结论是愈创木酚是一种剧毒产品(毒性等级5级),应限制或禁止使用。
{"title":"Acute toxicity of guaiacol administered subcutaneously in the mouse.","authors":"Maria Elena Martínez Enriquez,&nbsp;Andrea Del Villar,&nbsp;David Chauvet,&nbsp;Alfredo Lopez Valle,&nbsp;Macario Susano Pompeyo,&nbsp;Alfonso Efraín Campos Sepúlveda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Guaiacol is a compound used as expectorant. In Mexico City, this product is being illegally used for aesthetic treatment with fatal results. The aim of this study is to confirm the lethal toxicity documented in humans. Male Swiss Webster mice (CFW) 30-45g were employed. Dose-response curves to guaiacol were performed by subcutaneous administration (6.25-400 microl/40g). Basal temperature was recorded 30-120 min following administration of guaiacol. Animals were continuously observed for 120 min after guaiacol administration, lethality and toxicity manifestations were recorded. Depending of the dose, high toxicity was observed; sub lethal doses (6.25-12.5 microl/40 g) produced tachycardia and hyperactivity, follow by sedation, hypnosis, high hypothermic effect (loss of 6 degrees C) dyspnea, myoclonus, hematuria, blindness, abdominal distension and in higher doses (25-400 microl/40 g) lethal effect. Necropsy showed hepatic and renal necrosis, pulmonary edema, hemorrhages and bladder clotting. We concluded that guaiacol is an extremely toxic product (toxic rating class 5) whose use should be restricted or banned.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"92-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30291090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knowledge about local anesthetics in odontology students. 齿科学生局部麻醉学知识的调查。
Rodrigo Guzmán Alvarez, Alfonso Efraín Campos Sepúlveda, Adrian Alejandro Martínez González

The purpose of the study was to identify the level of knowledge of local anesthetics frequently used in the surgical clinic by third and fourth year dental students in daily practice. The importance of pharmacology in dental practice in underscored by potential drug toxicity. The study was performed with 244 third and fourth grade career dental students (CDS). Eleven items regarding the knowledge over local anesthetics at the clinic; i.e., the appropriate doses, possible toxic effects and side effects were examined. The reference questionnaire which is in a validation process, is a way to evaluate student knowledge about most drugs used in odontology practice such as: NSAIDs, antibiotics and local anesthetics. The results were found to be unsatisfactory with a high percentage of students failing (less than six of eleven items correct). We conclude that determination of practice knowledge is an essential step in informing the institution about cognitive deficiencies identified in order to plan learning solutions.

本研究的目的是确定三年级和四年级牙科学生在日常实践中经常在外科诊所使用的局麻药的知识水平。潜在的药物毒性强调了药理学在牙科实践中的重要性。本研究以244名三、四年级牙科专业学生为研究对象。门诊局麻知识11项;也就是说,检查了适当的剂量、可能的毒性作用和副作用。参考问卷正在验证过程中,是一种评估学生对牙科实践中使用的大多数药物的知识的方法,例如:非甾体抗炎药,抗生素和局部麻醉剂。结果令人不满意,学生不及格的比例很高(11项中只有不到6项是正确的)。我们得出的结论是,确定实践知识是告知机构识别认知缺陷以便计划学习解决方案的必要步骤。
{"title":"Knowledge about local anesthetics in odontology students.","authors":"Rodrigo Guzmán Alvarez,&nbsp;Alfonso Efraín Campos Sepúlveda,&nbsp;Adrian Alejandro Martínez González","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the study was to identify the level of knowledge of local anesthetics frequently used in the surgical clinic by third and fourth year dental students in daily practice. The importance of pharmacology in dental practice in underscored by potential drug toxicity. The study was performed with 244 third and fourth grade career dental students (CDS). Eleven items regarding the knowledge over local anesthetics at the clinic; i.e., the appropriate doses, possible toxic effects and side effects were examined. The reference questionnaire which is in a validation process, is a way to evaluate student knowledge about most drugs used in odontology practice such as: NSAIDs, antibiotics and local anesthetics. The results were found to be unsatisfactory with a high percentage of students failing (less than six of eleven items correct). We conclude that determination of practice knowledge is an essential step in informing the institution about cognitive deficiencies identified in order to plan learning solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"118-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30291097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Medicalization of pharmacology teaching: an urgent need in the medical curriculum. 药理学教学医学化:医学课程教学的迫切需要。
Rodolfo Rodriguez, Horacio Vidrio, Efrain Campos-Sepulveda

Information overload, proliferation of new drugs and curricular reforms have been recognized as three of the major factors contributing to the insufficient pharmacological education of medical students. To remedy this situation, it has been recommended that a curriculum more selective in knowledge content coupled with a restricted list of drugs be developed. Based on our own teaching experience, common educational objectives, competencies to be achieved, profiles of morbidity and mortality of the Mexican population, and knowledge of the literature, we have identified what should constitute the core content of pharmacology courses in medical schools. Selected themes were grouped in three categories and the number of drugs that undergraduate medical students have to manage is limited to 139. We have developed a concrete, medicine-focused, core pharmacology program dealing with themes and drugs that will best constitute the primary teaching/learning material for undergraduate medical students.

信息超载、新药泛滥和课程改革被认为是导致医学生药理学教育不足的三个主要因素。为了纠正这种情况,已建议编写一份在知识内容上更有选择性的课程,并附有一份受限制的药物清单。根据我们自己的教学经验、共同的教育目标、要实现的能力、墨西哥人口发病率和死亡率概况以及文献知识,我们确定了医学院药理学课程的核心内容。选定的主题分为三类,本科医学生必须管理的药物数量限制在139种。我们已经开发了一个具体的,以医学为重点的核心药理学课程,涉及的主题和药物将最好地构成本科医学学生的主要教学/学习材料。
{"title":"Medicalization of pharmacology teaching: an urgent need in the medical curriculum.","authors":"Rodolfo Rodriguez,&nbsp;Horacio Vidrio,&nbsp;Efrain Campos-Sepulveda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Information overload, proliferation of new drugs and curricular reforms have been recognized as three of the major factors contributing to the insufficient pharmacological education of medical students. To remedy this situation, it has been recommended that a curriculum more selective in knowledge content coupled with a restricted list of drugs be developed. Based on our own teaching experience, common educational objectives, competencies to be achieved, profiles of morbidity and mortality of the Mexican population, and knowledge of the literature, we have identified what should constitute the core content of pharmacology courses in medical schools. Selected themes were grouped in three categories and the number of drugs that undergraduate medical students have to manage is limited to 139. We have developed a concrete, medicine-focused, core pharmacology program dealing with themes and drugs that will best constitute the primary teaching/learning material for undergraduate medical students.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"120-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30292034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficacy of postoperative continuous wound infiltration with local anesthetic after major abdominal surgery. 局麻对腹部大手术术后持续创面浸润的影响。
Adel R Abadir, Fred Nicolas, Ramiz Gharabawy, Trusha Shah, Rafik Michael

The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy, safety, opioid sparing effects and improvement of respiratory function when using 0.2% ropivacaine continuous wound infiltration after major intra-abdominal surgery. Forty patients undergoing major intra-abdominal surgery requiring a midline incision of > or = 20 cm were enrolled into this IRB-approved, randomized, prospective controlled study. Group 1: 20 patients, parenteral analgesia (control group). Group II: 20 patients, with local anesthetic wound infiltration (pain pump group). At the end of the procedure, in the pain pump group of patients, a multi hole, 20-gauge catheter was inserted percutaneously, above the fascia. An initial dose of 10 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine was injected in the wound through the catheter. A device provided continuous delivery of 0.2% ropivacaine; the infusion was initiated at 6 ml/h for the following two days. The total "rescue" morphine and oxycodone/acetaminophen tablets administered were significantly lower in the pain pump group. At all time intervals, resting pain scores were significantly lower in the pain pump group when compared with the control group. However, at the 4-48 and 12-48 hours pain scores generated after leg raise and coughing, respectively, were significantly lower in group II. The patient vital capacities were insignificantly higher in group II. We conclude that after major abdominal surgery, infiltration and continuous wound instillation with 0.2% ropivacaine decreases postoperative pain, opioid requirements and oral analgesia. Early patient rehabilitation, hastening convalescence, and preventing respiratory complications are expected outcomes of this approach.

本研究的目的是评价0.2%罗哌卡因腹腔内重大手术后伤口持续灌注的镇痛效果、安全性、阿片类药物节约效果及呼吸功能的改善情况。这项经irb批准的随机前瞻性对照研究纳入了40例需要中线切口>或= 20 cm的腹部大手术患者。第一组:20例患者,采用肠外镇痛(对照组)。第二组:20例患者,局部麻醉伤口浸润(痛泵组)。在手术结束时,在疼痛泵组患者中,经皮在筋膜上方插入一根20号的多孔导管。初始剂量10ml 0.2%罗哌卡因通过导管注入创面。装置提供0.2%罗哌卡因的连续输送;开始以6 ml/h滴注,持续2天。镇痛泵组总“抢救”吗啡和羟考酮/对乙酰氨基酚片用量明显降低。在所有时间间隔,疼痛泵组的静息疼痛评分均显著低于对照组。然而,在4-48小时和12-48小时,抬高腿和咳嗽后产生的疼痛评分,II组明显较低。第二组患者的肺活量显著增高。我们得出结论,在腹部大手术后,浸润和持续伤口滴注0.2%罗哌卡因可减少术后疼痛、阿片类药物需求和口服镇痛。早期患者康复,加速康复,预防呼吸系统并发症是这种方法的预期结果。
{"title":"Efficacy of postoperative continuous wound infiltration with local anesthetic after major abdominal surgery.","authors":"Adel R Abadir,&nbsp;Fred Nicolas,&nbsp;Ramiz Gharabawy,&nbsp;Trusha Shah,&nbsp;Rafik Michael","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy, safety, opioid sparing effects and improvement of respiratory function when using 0.2% ropivacaine continuous wound infiltration after major intra-abdominal surgery. Forty patients undergoing major intra-abdominal surgery requiring a midline incision of > or = 20 cm were enrolled into this IRB-approved, randomized, prospective controlled study. Group 1: 20 patients, parenteral analgesia (control group). Group II: 20 patients, with local anesthetic wound infiltration (pain pump group). At the end of the procedure, in the pain pump group of patients, a multi hole, 20-gauge catheter was inserted percutaneously, above the fascia. An initial dose of 10 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine was injected in the wound through the catheter. A device provided continuous delivery of 0.2% ropivacaine; the infusion was initiated at 6 ml/h for the following two days. The total \"rescue\" morphine and oxycodone/acetaminophen tablets administered were significantly lower in the pain pump group. At all time intervals, resting pain scores were significantly lower in the pain pump group when compared with the control group. However, at the 4-48 and 12-48 hours pain scores generated after leg raise and coughing, respectively, were significantly lower in group II. The patient vital capacities were insignificantly higher in group II. We conclude that after major abdominal surgery, infiltration and continuous wound instillation with 0.2% ropivacaine decreases postoperative pain, opioid requirements and oral analgesia. Early patient rehabilitation, hastening convalescence, and preventing respiratory complications are expected outcomes of this approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"35-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30293307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement of human breast tumor cell-secreted shNDPK-B in a murine breast cancer model suggests its role in metastatic progression. 在小鼠乳腺癌模型中测量人类乳腺肿瘤细胞分泌的 shNDPK-B,表明其在转移进展中的作用。
Nucharee Yokdang, Noah D Buxton, Iain L O Buxton

Human breast cancers metastasize early in tumorigenesis and distant lesions, though dormant are very likely extant at the time of diagnosis and treatment in the majority of cases. Removal of primary tumors by surgeons as an imperative of the current treatment approach, also removes inhibitory factors secreted by the primary tumor that had maintained the dormancy of the metastases. We have identified a factor secreted by human breast cancer cells that supports the formation of blood vessels and may be a principal early factor supporting the growth and development of metastases in human disease. Here we demonstrate for the first time that this factor, secreted (s) human (h) nucleoside diphosphate kinase type B (shNDPK-B), product of the nm23-h2 gene, can be detected specifically with high sensitivity (50 pg/ml; 2.5 pM) in an ELISA assay of our own design. We further demonstrate that shNDPK-B is released into the circulation in immunocompromized mice carrying the human breast carcinoma cell MDA-MB-231. These data support the hypothesis that shNDPK-B may be responsible for the early events in angiogenesis supporting both primary and metastatic tumor growth and development.

人类乳腺癌在肿瘤发生的早期就会发生转移,远处的病灶虽然处于休眠状态,但在大多数情况下,在诊断和治疗时很可能已经存在。外科医生切除原发肿瘤是当前治疗方法的当务之急,但同时也会清除原发肿瘤分泌的抑制因子,而这些因子一直维持着转移灶的休眠状态。我们发现了一种由人类乳腺癌细胞分泌的因子,它支持血管的形成,可能是支持人类疾病中转移灶生长和发展的主要早期因子。在这里,我们首次证明了这种因子,即 nm23-h2 基因的产物--分泌型(s)人(h)核苷二磷酸激酶 B 型(shNDPK-B),可以在我们自己设计的酶联免疫吸附试验中以高灵敏度(50 pg/ml; 2.5 pM)进行特异性检测。我们进一步证明,在携带人类乳腺癌细胞 MDA-MB-231 的免疫缺陷小鼠体内,shNDPK-B 被释放到血液循环中。这些数据支持了 shNDPK-B 可能对支持原发性和转移性肿瘤生长和发展的血管生成早期事件负责的假设。
{"title":"Measurement of human breast tumor cell-secreted shNDPK-B in a murine breast cancer model suggests its role in metastatic progression.","authors":"Nucharee Yokdang, Noah D Buxton, Iain L O Buxton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human breast cancers metastasize early in tumorigenesis and distant lesions, though dormant are very likely extant at the time of diagnosis and treatment in the majority of cases. Removal of primary tumors by surgeons as an imperative of the current treatment approach, also removes inhibitory factors secreted by the primary tumor that had maintained the dormancy of the metastases. We have identified a factor secreted by human breast cancer cells that supports the formation of blood vessels and may be a principal early factor supporting the growth and development of metastases in human disease. Here we demonstrate for the first time that this factor, secreted (s) human (h) nucleoside diphosphate kinase type B (shNDPK-B), product of the nm23-h2 gene, can be detected specifically with high sensitivity (50 pg/ml; 2.5 pM) in an ELISA assay of our own design. We further demonstrate that shNDPK-B is released into the circulation in immunocompromized mice carrying the human breast carcinoma cell MDA-MB-231. These data support the hypothesis that shNDPK-B may be responsible for the early events in angiogenesis supporting both primary and metastatic tumor growth and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":" ","pages":"88-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2935590/pdf/nihms231348.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40059584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fibrinolysis treatment for loculated parapneumonic pleural effusion secondary to right lower lobe pneumonia. 右下肺叶肺炎继发的局限性肺旁胸腔积液的纤溶治疗。
Lourdes G Merlo, Saba Ansari, Bhupinder Singh, Fikerte F Teferedgin, Kelly L Cervellione, Jonas Gintautas, Mohammad A Babury

The administration of fibrinolytic agents in the pleural cavity is an alternative treatment for the management of loculated empyemas in patients who are poor candidates for surgery and/or do not respond to more standard treatments (e.g., chest tube placement, pleurodesis). Unfortunately, in practice it is not frequently offered as an alternative treatment approach. Here we present the case of a 79-year-old male with right lower lobe pneumonia complicated by a parapneumonic pleural effusion that showed minimal improvement after chest tube placement and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was administered daily for three consecutive days, which resulted in the breakdown of intrapleural loculations and facilitation of drainage, followed by significant clinical and radiologic improvement. tPA was successful in the treatment of parapneumonic pleural effusions in a patient who was not a candidatefor surgical intervention and who failed to respond to standard treatments.

对于不适合手术治疗和/或对标准治疗(如胸管置入术、胸膜切除术)无效的患者,胸膜腔内给予纤溶剂是一种可选的治疗方法。不幸的是,在实践中,它并不经常作为一种替代治疗方法提供。我们在此报告一例79岁男性右下肺叶肺炎合并肺旁胸腔积液,经胸腔置管及广谱抗生素治疗后病情改善很小。连续3天每天给予胸膜组织纤溶酶原激活剂(tPA),导致胸膜内定位破裂和引流便利,随后临床和放射学显著改善。tPA成功地治疗了一位不适合手术治疗且对标准治疗无效的患者的肺旁胸腔积液。
{"title":"Fibrinolysis treatment for loculated parapneumonic pleural effusion secondary to right lower lobe pneumonia.","authors":"Lourdes G Merlo,&nbsp;Saba Ansari,&nbsp;Bhupinder Singh,&nbsp;Fikerte F Teferedgin,&nbsp;Kelly L Cervellione,&nbsp;Jonas Gintautas,&nbsp;Mohammad A Babury","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The administration of fibrinolytic agents in the pleural cavity is an alternative treatment for the management of loculated empyemas in patients who are poor candidates for surgery and/or do not respond to more standard treatments (e.g., chest tube placement, pleurodesis). Unfortunately, in practice it is not frequently offered as an alternative treatment approach. Here we present the case of a 79-year-old male with right lower lobe pneumonia complicated by a parapneumonic pleural effusion that showed minimal improvement after chest tube placement and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was administered daily for three consecutive days, which resulted in the breakdown of intrapleural loculations and facilitation of drainage, followed by significant clinical and radiologic improvement. tPA was successful in the treatment of parapneumonic pleural effusions in a patient who was not a candidatefor surgical intervention and who failed to respond to standard treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"11-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30147745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison between types of cancer chemotherapies used in a private and a government-based hospital in Mexico. 墨西哥私立医院和公立医院使用的癌症化疗类型的比较。
David Calderón Guzmán, Hugo Juarez Olguín, Angeles Guevara Zempoalteca, Arturo Juárez Jacobo, Lourdes Segura Abarca, Gerardo Barragán Mejía, Ernestina Hernández García

We have compared the frequency and types of cancer chemotherapies used in a private hospital and in a government-based hospital in Mexico City. A retrospective study was conducted from January 2005 to December 2007, and therapeutic management determined in 415 cases reviewed by the attending physicians of the oncology service. In the government-based hospital, 60 different types of cancer were found among 273 patients diagnosed. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had the greatest incidence (30%), followed by Hodgkin's lymphoma (9%), retinoblastoma (7%), neuroblastoma (6%), and osteosarcoma (6%). The entire number of chemotherapy sessions was 7575. Drugs most frequently employed included etoposide (577), followed by methotrexate (575), vincristine (483), cyclophosphamide (312), and cytarabine (277). The economic status among these patients was mainly of limited resources and represented 80% of the total number of patients. The types of cancer found in the private hospital were similar, however the drugs used were predominantly cyclophosphamide (416), doxorubicin (382), 5-fluorouracil (368), paclitaxel (237) and cisplatin (128). The types of cancer were similar in both hospitals and reflected the incidence among the entire population in Mexico, since acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma and retinoblastoma, were the types most represented. However, the treatment schemes differed; the chemotherapeutic agents used in the private hospital were rather more specific but significantly more expensive than those employed in the government hospital.

我们比较了墨西哥城一家私立医院和一家公立医院使用的癌症化疗的频率和类型。从2005年1月到2007年12月进行了一项回顾性研究,肿瘤服务的主治医生对415例病例进行了治疗管理。在这所公立医院,273名确诊患者中发现了60种不同类型的癌症。急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)发病率最高(30%),其次是霍奇金淋巴瘤(9%)、视网膜母细胞瘤(7%)、神经母细胞瘤(6%)和骨肉瘤(6%)。化疗的总次数是7575次。最常使用的药物包括依托泊苷(577),其次是甲氨蝶呤(575)、长春新碱(483)、环磷酰胺(312)和阿糖胞苷(277)。这些患者的经济状况主要是资源有限,占患者总数的80%。私立医院发现的癌症类型相似,但使用的药物主要是环磷酰胺(416例)、阿霉素(382例)、5-氟尿嘧啶(368例)、紫杉醇(237例)和顺铂(128例)。两家医院的癌症类型相似,反映了墨西哥全体人口的发病率,因为急性淋巴细胞白血病、霍奇金淋巴瘤和视网膜母细胞瘤是最具代表性的类型。然而,治疗方案有所不同;私立医院使用的化疗药物更具体,但比公立医院使用的化疗药物贵得多。
{"title":"Comparison between types of cancer chemotherapies used in a private and a government-based hospital in Mexico.","authors":"David Calderón Guzmán,&nbsp;Hugo Juarez Olguín,&nbsp;Angeles Guevara Zempoalteca,&nbsp;Arturo Juárez Jacobo,&nbsp;Lourdes Segura Abarca,&nbsp;Gerardo Barragán Mejía,&nbsp;Ernestina Hernández García","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have compared the frequency and types of cancer chemotherapies used in a private hospital and in a government-based hospital in Mexico City. A retrospective study was conducted from January 2005 to December 2007, and therapeutic management determined in 415 cases reviewed by the attending physicians of the oncology service. In the government-based hospital, 60 different types of cancer were found among 273 patients diagnosed. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had the greatest incidence (30%), followed by Hodgkin's lymphoma (9%), retinoblastoma (7%), neuroblastoma (6%), and osteosarcoma (6%). The entire number of chemotherapy sessions was 7575. Drugs most frequently employed included etoposide (577), followed by methotrexate (575), vincristine (483), cyclophosphamide (312), and cytarabine (277). The economic status among these patients was mainly of limited resources and represented 80% of the total number of patients. The types of cancer found in the private hospital were similar, however the drugs used were predominantly cyclophosphamide (416), doxorubicin (382), 5-fluorouracil (368), paclitaxel (237) and cisplatin (128). The types of cancer were similar in both hospitals and reflected the incidence among the entire population in Mexico, since acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma and retinoblastoma, were the types most represented. However, the treatment schemes differed; the chemotherapeutic agents used in the private hospital were rather more specific but significantly more expensive than those employed in the government hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"26-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30147750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Differential effect of clozapine and haloperidol on rats treated with methylphenidate in the open field test. 氯氮平与氟哌啶醇对哌甲酯治疗大鼠的差异作用。
J A Saldívar-González, U E Campos-Rodriguez, M A Cano-Cruz

Development of atypical antipsychotic compounds is an important task in pharmacology in order to improve therapeutic features and avoid side effects shown by classical antipsychotic compounds. The prototype of the second generation compounds, clozapine differs from typical antipsychotics by having a high D4 and 5HT(2A) and low D2 receptor affinity. Clozapine is the prototype agent for screening new atypical antipsychotic compounds. Clozapine was compared to haloperidol in the open field animal model in which crossings, rearings and rearing time were analyzed. Clozapine (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.03 mg/kg) were administered by intraperitoneal injection. Five days before experiments, animals were given methylphenidate (12 mg/kg, orally). The experiments were performed 24 hr after the last methylphenidate dose. In the open field test, clozapine blocked the increase in rearing time and rearings elicited by methylphenidate administration in a dose-dependent fashion. No effect was observed in crossings at 1 mg/kg, but there was at 0.5 mg/kg. This could be related to an anxiolytic action at this dose. Haloperidol blocked the increase in rearing time, rearings and crossings. Results are discussed in terms of the putative participation of D4 subtype receptors in the mediation of time and rearing behavior. This approach could be used for the screening of atypical antipsychotic drugs.

非典型抗精神病药物的开发是药理学领域的一项重要任务,旨在改善药物的治疗特点,避免经典抗精神病药物的副作用。第二代化合物的原型氯氮平不同于典型的抗精神病药物,具有高D4和5HT(2A)和低D2受体亲和力。氯氮平是筛选新型非典型抗精神病药物的原型剂。在野外动物模型中比较氯氮平与氟哌啶醇的杂交、饲养和饲养时间。腹腔注射氯氮平(0.5和1mg /kg)和氟哌啶醇(0.03 mg/kg)。实验前5天给予动物哌甲酯(12 mg/kg,口服)。实验在最后一次哌甲酯给药24小时后进行。在野外试验中,氯氮平以剂量依赖的方式阻断了哌甲酯给药引起的饲养时间和饲养量的增加。剂量为1 mg/kg时对交叉没有影响,但剂量为0.5 mg/kg时有影响。这可能与该剂量的抗焦虑作用有关。氟哌啶醇抑制了饲养时间、饲养次数和杂交次数的增加。研究结果讨论了D4亚型受体在时间和饲养行为调节中的作用。该方法可用于非典型抗精神病药物的筛选。
{"title":"Differential effect of clozapine and haloperidol on rats treated with methylphenidate in the open field test.","authors":"J A Saldívar-González,&nbsp;U E Campos-Rodriguez,&nbsp;M A Cano-Cruz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Development of atypical antipsychotic compounds is an important task in pharmacology in order to improve therapeutic features and avoid side effects shown by classical antipsychotic compounds. The prototype of the second generation compounds, clozapine differs from typical antipsychotics by having a high D4 and 5HT(2A) and low D2 receptor affinity. Clozapine is the prototype agent for screening new atypical antipsychotic compounds. Clozapine was compared to haloperidol in the open field animal model in which crossings, rearings and rearing time were analyzed. Clozapine (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.03 mg/kg) were administered by intraperitoneal injection. Five days before experiments, animals were given methylphenidate (12 mg/kg, orally). The experiments were performed 24 hr after the last methylphenidate dose. In the open field test, clozapine blocked the increase in rearing time and rearings elicited by methylphenidate administration in a dose-dependent fashion. No effect was observed in crossings at 1 mg/kg, but there was at 0.5 mg/kg. This could be related to an anxiolytic action at this dose. Haloperidol blocked the increase in rearing time, rearings and crossings. Results are discussed in terms of the putative participation of D4 subtype receptors in the mediation of time and rearing behavior. This approach could be used for the screening of atypical antipsychotic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"63-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30290576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Angiotensin II pressor response in the L-NAME-induced hypertensive pithed rat: role of the AT1 receptor. l - name诱导的高血压大鼠血管紧张素II升压反应:AT1受体的作用。
Edgar Saúl Figueroa-Guillén, Patricia Castro-Moreno, Felipe Francisco Rivera-Jardón, Itzell A Gallardo-Ortiz, Maximiliano Ibarra-Barajas, Daniel Godínez-Hernández

The blockade of renin-angiotensin system by pharmacological interventions with angiotensin converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or AT1 receptor antagonists in the juvenile critical age may attenuate or even prevent the development of hypertension. In this work, we determined the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor role in L-NAME-induced hypertension in pithed rats. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were used. Rats were divided into the following groups: Control (tap water) and N(omega)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 60 mg/kg/day/2 weeks). Dose-response curves to Ang II were constructed in the pithed rat. The results show that Ang II evoked blood pressure increase in pithed rats in a dose-related manner. In L-NAME-treated rats a greater maximal effect was observed, indicating that L-NAME promotes Ang II hypersensitivity. In L-NAME-treated rats, Ang II response was blocked by losartan (1 and 3 mg/kg), a selective AT1 receptor antagonist, indicating that AT1 receptor influence L-NAME hypertensive mechanism. Our results suggest that Ang II hypersensitivity in L-NAME-induced hypertension can be due to increased AT1 receptor expression or sensitivity changes.

通过血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂或AT1受体拮抗剂的药物干预,在青少年临界年龄阻断肾素-血管紧张素系统,可以减轻甚至预防高血压的发展。在这项工作中,我们确定了Ang II型1 (AT1)受体在l - name诱导的大鼠高血压中的作用。选用雄性Wistar大鼠(250 ~ 300 g)。将大鼠分为对照组(自来水)和N(omega)-硝基- l -精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME, 60 mg/kg/day/2周)。构建了大鼠对Angⅱ的剂量-反应曲线。结果表明,Angⅱ引起大鼠血压升高呈剂量相关。在L-NAME处理的大鼠中观察到更大的最大效应,表明L-NAME促进Ang II超敏反应。在L-NAME治疗的大鼠中,选择性AT1受体拮抗剂氯沙坦(1和3 mg/kg)阻断Ang II反应,表明AT1受体影响L-NAME高血压机制。我们的研究结果表明,l - name诱导的高血压中Ang II超敏可能是由于AT1受体表达增加或敏感性改变所致。
{"title":"Angiotensin II pressor response in the L-NAME-induced hypertensive pithed rat: role of the AT1 receptor.","authors":"Edgar Saúl Figueroa-Guillén,&nbsp;Patricia Castro-Moreno,&nbsp;Felipe Francisco Rivera-Jardón,&nbsp;Itzell A Gallardo-Ortiz,&nbsp;Maximiliano Ibarra-Barajas,&nbsp;Daniel Godínez-Hernández","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The blockade of renin-angiotensin system by pharmacological interventions with angiotensin converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or AT1 receptor antagonists in the juvenile critical age may attenuate or even prevent the development of hypertension. In this work, we determined the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor role in L-NAME-induced hypertension in pithed rats. Male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were used. Rats were divided into the following groups: Control (tap water) and N(omega)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 60 mg/kg/day/2 weeks). Dose-response curves to Ang II were constructed in the pithed rat. The results show that Ang II evoked blood pressure increase in pithed rats in a dose-related manner. In L-NAME-treated rats a greater maximal effect was observed, indicating that L-NAME promotes Ang II hypersensitivity. In L-NAME-treated rats, Ang II response was blocked by losartan (1 and 3 mg/kg), a selective AT1 receptor antagonist, indicating that AT1 receptor influence L-NAME hypertensive mechanism. Our results suggest that Ang II hypersensitivity in L-NAME-induced hypertension can be due to increased AT1 receptor expression or sensitivity changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20701,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society","volume":"52 ","pages":"54-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30293312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1