Los humedales marinos de la Región de Los Lagos, en el sur de Chile, son reconocidos ecosistemas de importancia internacional para la conservación de aves playeras migratorias. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estos sitios se encuentra desprotegido, requiriendo urgentemente avanzar en su protección y gestión. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un diagnóstico sobre el estado del conocimiento del humedal marino de Chamiza (41°30’S; 72°50’W), mediante revisión bibliográfica, junto con desarrollar de forma participativa la identificación y priorización de amenazas para la conservación de aves playeras migratorias en el sitio. Los estudios publicados sobre el humedal marino de Chamiza (n= 24), abarcan documentos desde el año 1987 hasta 2019. La mayoría se han enfocado en aves acuáticas, seguido por los invertebrados marinos que habitan la planicie intermareal. El humedal marino de Chamiza posee un importante valor de conservación para aves playeras migratorias, manteniendo más del 10% de la población de Limosa haemastica que se reproduce en Alaska, y que cada año migra hacia los humedales marinos del sur de Chile. Se identificaron 14 amenazas para la conservación de aves playeras migratorias en el humedal marino de Chamiza. Las principales amenazas se asocian con el efecto de la urbanización residencial, por favorecer la abundancia de perros y generar residuos sólidos y líquidos en el ambiente. En general, los resultados apoyan la idea de una red de humedales marinos insulares y continentales que interactúan entre sí, mediante las aves playeras migratorias.
{"title":"Estado del conocimiento y amenazas del humedal marino de Chamiza (41°S): sitio de importancia internacional para la conservación de aves playeras migratorias en el sur de Chile","authors":"Cursach Valenzuela Jaime, Delgado Claudio","doi":"10.22352/aip202149005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22352/aip202149005","url":null,"abstract":"Los humedales marinos de la Región de Los Lagos, en el sur de Chile, son reconocidos ecosistemas de importancia internacional para la conservación de aves playeras migratorias. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estos sitios se encuentra desprotegido, requiriendo urgentemente avanzar en su protección y gestión. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un diagnóstico sobre el estado del conocimiento del humedal marino de Chamiza (41°30’S; 72°50’W), mediante revisión bibliográfica, junto con desarrollar de forma participativa la identificación y priorización de amenazas para la conservación de aves playeras migratorias en el sitio. Los estudios publicados sobre el humedal marino de Chamiza (n= 24), abarcan documentos desde el año 1987 hasta 2019. La mayoría se han enfocado en aves acuáticas, seguido por los invertebrados marinos que habitan la planicie intermareal. El humedal marino de Chamiza posee un importante valor de conservación para aves playeras migratorias, manteniendo más del 10% de la población de Limosa haemastica que se reproduce en Alaska, y que cada año migra hacia los humedales marinos del sur de Chile. Se identificaron 14 amenazas para la conservación de aves playeras migratorias en el humedal marino de Chamiza. Las principales amenazas se asocian con el efecto de la urbanización residencial, por favorecer la abundancia de perros y generar residuos sólidos y líquidos en el ambiente. En general, los resultados apoyan la idea de una red de humedales marinos insulares y continentales que interactúan entre sí, mediante las aves playeras migratorias.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"475 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123385491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Domínguez, Mariana Paz Martínez, Dagoberto Villaroel, J. Henríquez
Las turberas de Sphagnum son humedales de alto valor ambiental y son frecuentes en la Patagonia. En particular en la región de Aysén, los estudios sobre su diversidad aún son insuficientes y parciales. En este trabajo se evalúa la variabilidad de la composición y abundancia florística, presente en cuatro turberas de musgo Sphagnum continentales, sin intervención humana. Se establecieron 40 subparcelas de 1 m2 de manera aleatoria, a fin de determinar diferencias entre ellas; se estimó el índice de diversidad de Shannon- Wiener (H’), el índice de Simpson (D), el índice exponencial de entropía de Shannon (exp H’) y el índice inverso de Gini-Simpson (1/1-?’). Con los datos obtenidos se realizó la prueba de Kruskal- Wallis con la corrección de Bonferroni, para detectar diferencias entre las turberas, debido a que los datos no mostraron distribución normal (prueba de Shapiro-Wilk). Además, se aplicó un análisis exploratorio de componentes principales (PCA) con el fin de inferir las relaciones existentes entre las especies con algún gradiente ecológico. Un total de 33 taxones, 21 familias y 27 géneros fueron identificados. Las especies más dominantes fueron: Sphagnum magellanicum (Brid.) y Empetrum rubrum Vahl ex Willd. El índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener (H’) varió entre 1,47 a 0,96, el índice de Simpson (D) entre 0,48 a 0,30, el índice exponencial de entropía de Shannon (exp H’) entre 4,46 a 2,66 y el índice inverso de Gini-Simpson (1/1-?’) entre 0,52 a 0,69. El PCA sugiere la existencia de un gradiente florístico relacionado a la hidrología.
泥炭沼泽是高环境价值的湿地，在巴塔哥尼亚很常见。特别是在aysen地区，对其多样性的研究仍然不足和不完整。本研究的目的是评估在墨西哥南部和墨西哥北部的四个大陆泥炭沼泽的植物区系组成和丰度的变化。随机建立40个1 m2的副样地，以确定它们之间的差异;我们估计了Shannon- Wiener多样性指数(H ')、Simpson指数(D)、Shannon熵指数(exp H ')和Gini-Simpson逆指数(1/1-? ')。本研究的目的是评估泥炭地的分布情况，并确定泥炭地与泥炭地之间的关系。本研究的目的是评估泥炭地与泥炭地之间的关系，以及泥炭地与泥炭地之间的关系。在本研究中，我们分析了不同生态梯度物种之间的关系，并确定了不同生态梯度物种之间的关系。共鉴定出33个类群，21科27属。最显性的种为:麦哲伦Sphagnum magellanicum (Brid.)和Empetrum rubrum Vahl ex wild。Shannon- wiener多样性指数(H ')在1.47 ~ 0.96之间，Simpson指数(D)在0.48 ~ 0.30之间，Shannon熵指数(exp H ')在4.46 ~ 2.66之间，Gini-Simpson逆指数(1/1-? ')在0.52 ~ 0.69之间。PCA表明存在与水文相关的植物区系梯度。
{"title":"Diversidad florística presente en turberas de musgo Sphagnum en la cuenca del río Mayer, comuna de O’Higgins, región Aysén, Chile","authors":"E. Domínguez, Mariana Paz Martínez, Dagoberto Villaroel, J. Henríquez","doi":"10.22352/aip202149002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22352/aip202149002","url":null,"abstract":"Las turberas de Sphagnum son humedales de alto valor ambiental y son frecuentes en la Patagonia. En particular en la región de Aysén, los estudios sobre su diversidad aún son insuficientes y parciales. En este trabajo se evalúa la variabilidad de la composición y abundancia florística, presente en cuatro turberas de musgo Sphagnum continentales, sin intervención humana. Se establecieron 40 subparcelas de 1 m2 de manera aleatoria, a fin de determinar diferencias entre ellas; se estimó el índice de diversidad de Shannon- Wiener (H’), el índice de Simpson (D), el índice exponencial de entropía de Shannon (exp H’) y el índice inverso de Gini-Simpson (1/1-?’). Con los datos obtenidos se realizó la prueba de Kruskal- Wallis con la corrección de Bonferroni, para detectar diferencias entre las turberas, debido a que los datos no mostraron distribución normal (prueba de Shapiro-Wilk). Además, se aplicó un análisis exploratorio de componentes principales (PCA) con el fin de inferir las relaciones existentes entre las especies con algún gradiente ecológico. Un total de 33 taxones, 21 familias y 27 géneros fueron identificados. Las especies más dominantes fueron: Sphagnum magellanicum (Brid.) y Empetrum rubrum Vahl ex Willd. El índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener (H’) varió entre 1,47 a 0,96, el índice de Simpson (D) entre 0,48 a 0,30, el índice exponencial de entropía de Shannon (exp H’) entre 4,46 a 2,66 y el índice inverso de Gini-Simpson (1/1-?’) entre 0,52 a 0,69. El PCA sugiere la existencia de un gradiente florístico relacionado a la hidrología.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130426200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300139
R. Mackenzie, Osvaldo Vidal, Sebastian Rosenfeld, T. Contador, O. Barroso, Bernardo Goffinet, F. Massardo, Patricio Arce-Johnson, R. Rozzi
The network of Long-term Socio-ecological Research sites within the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (ltser-Cape Horn) extends today to the Gonzalo Island (56°31’S), Diego Ramirez Archipelago, as its southernmost site. This is also the southernmost island of the american continent and of the sub-antarctic ecoregion of Magallanes, housing a huge diversity of marine fauna that was intensely exploited after its discovery, exactly 400 years ago. The general objective of the ltser-Cape Horn network is to detect the impacts of global socio-environmental change and contribute to their mitigation. The specific objective of this work is to provide an updated description of the vascular flora present on Gonzalo Island, a critical monitoring site for the new Diego Ramirez Islands-Paso Drake Marine Park. The Diego Ramirez Archipelago is part of the sub-Antarctic phytogeographic region, harboring vegetation formations that are unique in the Chilean territory. Our work updated the list of vascular plant species of Gonzalo Island, the only one that is permanently inhabited. The records include eight species of vascular plants that comprise all the species of vascular plants previously recorded in the islets as well as in the three major islands of the archipelago (Gonzalo, Bartolome and North). None of the eight collected species has conservation problems. Our sampling confirmed that there has been no establishment of exotic vascular flora in Gonzalo Island. Even places that have been disturbed near the base maintained by the Chilean Navy had no presence of exotic species. Strict monitoring is recommended to prevent the establishment and dissemination of exotic plants that could potentially arrive on this island, and the Diego Ramirez Archipelago.
{"title":"Flora vascular y formaciones vegetacionales en el sitio de estudios socio-ecológicos a largo plazo, isla Gonzalo, archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S), Chile","authors":"R. Mackenzie, Osvaldo Vidal, Sebastian Rosenfeld, T. Contador, O. Barroso, Bernardo Goffinet, F. Massardo, Patricio Arce-Johnson, R. Rozzi","doi":"10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300139","url":null,"abstract":"The network of Long-term Socio-ecological Research sites within the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (ltser-Cape Horn) extends today to the Gonzalo Island (56°31’S), Diego Ramirez Archipelago, as its southernmost site. This is also the southernmost island of the american continent and of the sub-antarctic ecoregion of Magallanes, housing a huge diversity of marine fauna that was intensely exploited after its discovery, exactly 400 years ago. The general objective of the ltser-Cape Horn network is to detect the impacts of global socio-environmental change and contribute to their mitigation. The specific objective of this work is to provide an updated description of the vascular flora present on Gonzalo Island, a critical monitoring site for the new Diego Ramirez Islands-Paso Drake Marine Park. The Diego Ramirez Archipelago is part of the sub-Antarctic phytogeographic region, harboring vegetation formations that are unique in the Chilean territory. Our work updated the list of vascular plant species of Gonzalo Island, the only one that is permanently inhabited. The records include eight species of vascular plants that comprise all the species of vascular plants previously recorded in the islets as well as in the three major islands of the archipelago (Gonzalo, Bartolome and North). None of the eight collected species has conservation problems. Our sampling confirmed that there has been no establishment of exotic vascular flora in Gonzalo Island. Even places that have been disturbed near the base maintained by the Chilean Navy had no presence of exotic species. Strict monitoring is recommended to prevent the establishment and dissemination of exotic plants that could potentially arrive on this island, and the Diego Ramirez Archipelago.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114608860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300169
Erik M. Sandvig, Claudio S. Quilodrán, F. Aguirre, Juan Rivero de Aguilar, O. Barroso, R. A. Vásquez, R. Rozzi
The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve is located in one of the most pristine areas on the planet. Its forest birds, some of them charismatic species, are one of the focus interests for both tourists and the local community. However, basic aspects of bird distribution in these ecosystems are still poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the distribution patterns of forest birds in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. We distinguish four patterns, classifying bird species according to variations in geographic and temporal distribution within the reserve. We observed variations in the distribution of resident and migratory species related to the type of forest vegetation. We found that mixed forests of Nothofagus betuloides and N. pumilio are important for the presence of several low abundance species, including the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus). These results allow us to identify priority areas for the conservation of the forest bird community of the Magellanic ecoregion. Additionally, they highlight Isla Navarino as the area with the highest diversity of forest species, and is easily accessible, in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve.
合恩角生物圈保护区位于地球上最原始的地区之一。它的森林鸟类，其中一些是有魅力的物种，是游客和当地社区关注的焦点之一。然而，这些生态系统中鸟类分布的基本方面仍然知之甚少。本文对合恩角生物圈保护区森林鸟类的分布格局进行了研究。我们根据保护区内的地理和时间分布的变化，将鸟类分类为四种模式。我们观察到与森林植被类型相关的留种和候种分布的变化。研究发现，在麦哲伦啄木鸟(Campephilus magellanicus)等几种低丰度物种的存在中，Nothofagus between tuloides和N. pumilio混交林是重要的。这些结果使我们能够确定麦哲伦生态区森林鸟类群落保护的优先区域。此外，他们强调纳瓦里诺岛是森林物种多样性最高的地区，并且很容易进入合恩角生物圈保护区。
{"title":"Patrones de distribución de la avifauna de los bosques de la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos: Un antecedente básico para la planificación del aviturismo sustentable","authors":"Erik M. Sandvig, Claudio S. Quilodrán, F. Aguirre, Juan Rivero de Aguilar, O. Barroso, R. A. Vásquez, R. Rozzi","doi":"10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300169","url":null,"abstract":"The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve is located in one of the most pristine areas on the planet. Its forest birds, some of them charismatic species, are one of the focus interests for both tourists and the local community. However, basic aspects of bird distribution in these ecosystems are still poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the distribution patterns of forest birds in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. We distinguish four patterns, classifying bird species according to variations in geographic and temporal distribution within the reserve. We observed variations in the distribution of resident and migratory species related to the type of forest vegetation. We found that mixed forests of Nothofagus betuloides and N. pumilio are important for the presence of several low abundance species, including the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus). These results allow us to identify priority areas for the conservation of the forest bird community of the Magellanic ecoregion. Additionally, they highlight Isla Navarino as the area with the highest diversity of forest species, and is easily accessible, in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115848551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300099
J. Marambio, Sebastian Rosenfeld, J. Rodríguez, F. Mendez, T. Contador, R. Mackenzie, Bernardo Goffinet, R. Rozzi, A. Mansilla
The marine ecoregions of Canals and Fjords of Southern Chile and Magellan Sub-Antarctic represent the extreme southern latitude limit for the distribution of numerous organism group. In southern Hemisphere, the most austral distribution site of kelps formation is placed at Diego Ramirez Archipelago, where Lessonia flavicans, L. searlesiana and Macrocystis pyrifera have been registered. Diego Ramirez Archipelago is located in the Drake Passage, 112 km southwest to Cape Horn. Regarding the available information for macroalgae, a total of 79 taxa has been reported, many of which show a sub-Antarctic and Antarctic affinity. Despite the biogeographic interest of the macroalgae from Diego Ramirez Archipelago, there have not been new cadasters to evaluate whether this archipelago could represent the northern boundary of the Antarctic species distribution and/or the southern boundary of Magellan species. The goal of this study is to update the cadaster of macroalgae from Diego Ramirez Archipelago, in order to find new taxa and contribute to the analysis of the biogeographic relationships of its phycoflora. From the sampling campaign at Gonzalo Island, 19 taxa of macroalgae were identified. In terms of richness by division, Chlorophyta was represented by 3 species (16%), Ochrophyta by 7 taxa (37%), and Rhodophyta by 9 taxa, representing the 47% of the identified flora. Thus, the present study combines our new registers together with the previous findings, providing an updated cadaster of macroalgae of the archipelago, suggesting a total of 86 taxa. Overall, it can be stated that all registered species of the archipelago show a sub-Antarctic affinity.
{"title":"Siete nuevos registros de macroalgas para el archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S): El valor del nuevo parque marino como sumidero de carbono y conservación de la biodiversidad subantártica","authors":"J. Marambio, Sebastian Rosenfeld, J. Rodríguez, F. Mendez, T. Contador, R. Mackenzie, Bernardo Goffinet, R. Rozzi, A. Mansilla","doi":"10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300099","url":null,"abstract":"The marine ecoregions of Canals and Fjords of Southern Chile and Magellan Sub-Antarctic represent the extreme southern latitude limit for the distribution of numerous organism group. In southern Hemisphere, the most austral distribution site of kelps formation is placed at Diego Ramirez Archipelago, where Lessonia flavicans, L. searlesiana and Macrocystis pyrifera have been registered. Diego Ramirez Archipelago is located in the Drake Passage, 112 km southwest to Cape Horn. Regarding the available information for macroalgae, a total of 79 taxa has been reported, many of which show a sub-Antarctic and Antarctic affinity. Despite the biogeographic interest of the macroalgae from Diego Ramirez Archipelago, there have not been new cadasters to evaluate whether this archipelago could represent the northern boundary of the Antarctic species distribution and/or the southern boundary of Magellan species. The goal of this study is to update the cadaster of macroalgae from Diego Ramirez Archipelago, in order to find new taxa and contribute to the analysis of the biogeographic relationships of its phycoflora. From the sampling campaign at Gonzalo Island, 19 taxa of macroalgae were identified. In terms of richness by division, Chlorophyta was represented by 3 species (16%), Ochrophyta by 7 taxa (37%), and Rhodophyta by 9 taxa, representing the 47% of the identified flora. Thus, the present study combines our new registers together with the previous findings, providing an updated cadaster of macroalgae of the archipelago, suggesting a total of 86 taxa. Overall, it can be stated that all registered species of the archipelago show a sub-Antarctic affinity.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"35 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123393164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300113
Sebastian Rosenfeld, J. Marambio, Cristian Aldea, J. Rodríguez, F. Mendez, Claudio A. González-Wevar, Karin Gérard, T. Contador, R. Mackenzie, R. Rozzi, A. Mansilla
The Diego Ramirez archipelago is the last point of the South-America continent, located in the Drake Passage 111 km SW of Cape Horn. Due to its difficult access, information on the marine biodiversity that inhabits its coasts is still limited. This study presents the first report of the assemblage of coastal marine mollusks in this archipelago. Samples were collected during an expedition to Gonzalo Island during the spring of 2016. During the low tide an exhaustive inspection and collection of mollusks was carried out from the upper intertidal zone to 1 m depth. Records of these collections were complemented with reports from previous expeditions. A total 51 mollusk taxa were identified. Among the identified taxa, 42 mollusk species were new to Diego Ramirez Islands. This work is an updated list record of mollusks of the Diego Ramirez archipelago. It is important to continue investigating and monitoring this archipelago which corresponds to the southern limit of the Magellanic Province and the last South American rocky remnants that face the Drake passage.
{"title":"Actualización del catastro de ensamble de moluscos costero-marinos del archipiélago Diego Ramírez (56°31’S), Chile: Un refugio para la economía sustentable y conservación subantártica","authors":"Sebastian Rosenfeld, J. Marambio, Cristian Aldea, J. Rodríguez, F. Mendez, Claudio A. González-Wevar, Karin Gérard, T. Contador, R. Mackenzie, R. Rozzi, A. Mansilla","doi":"10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300113","url":null,"abstract":"The Diego Ramirez archipelago is the last point of the South-America continent, located in the Drake Passage 111 km SW of Cape Horn. Due to its difficult access, information on the marine biodiversity that inhabits its coasts is still limited. This study presents the first report of the assemblage of coastal marine mollusks in this archipelago. Samples were collected during an expedition to Gonzalo Island during the spring of 2016. During the low tide an exhaustive inspection and collection of mollusks was carried out from the upper intertidal zone to 1 m depth. Records of these collections were complemented with reports from previous expeditions. A total 51 mollusk taxa were identified. Among the identified taxa, 42 mollusk species were new to Diego Ramirez Islands. This work is an updated list record of mollusks of the Diego Ramirez archipelago. It is important to continue investigating and monitoring this archipelago which corresponds to the southern limit of the Magellanic Province and the last South American rocky remnants that face the Drake passage.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124219925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300045
R. Rozzi, Ramiro D. Crego, T. Contador, Elke Schüttler, Sebastian Rosenfeld, R. Mackenzie, O. Barroso, Eduardo A. Silva-Rodríguez, Ximena Álvarez-Bustos, A. Silva, Irene Ramírez, J. Mella, J. Herreros, Javier Rendoll-Cárcamo, J. Marambio, J. Ojeda, F. Méndez, Kelli Moses, J. Kennedy, Shaun Russell, Bernardo Goffinet, L. Sancho, F. Berchez, Brian Buma, F. Aguirre, Laura Sánchez-Jardón, Eduardo Barros, R. A. Vásquez, M. Arroyo, Elie Poulin, F. A. Squeo, J. Armesto, A. Mansilla, F. Massardo
Biosphere reserves have among their functions to support scientific research, education, training and monitoring. In the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (RBCH), created in 2005, these functions have been accomplished with the creation of the Omora Ethnobotanical Park in 2000, and its implementation in 2008 as a co-founder site of the Chilean Network of Studies Long-term Socio-Ecological (LTSER-Chile). In 2016, this network has been strengthened with the addition of the new Cape Horn Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research Network (LTSER-Cape Horn). The latter includes the Omora Ethnobotanical Park, and three new sites added to the monitoring of the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion of South America. From south to north, the four sites are: (1) Gonzalo Island (56°31’S; 68°43’O), at the southern end of the Diego Ramirez archipelago, with sub-Antarctic vegetation dominated by grasses and cryptogams, devoid of woody species; (2) Horn Island (55°58’S; 67°13’O), at the southern end of the Cape Horn Islands archipelago, hosting the southernmost forest ecosystems on the planet, which are dominated by Magellan’s coigue (Nothofagus betuloides); (3) Omora Ethnobotanical Park (54°56’S; 67’40’O), Navarino Island, an ideal site for studies on climate change and its impact on biota and sub-Antarctic ecosystems, since it protects a watershed that includes a representative mosaic of characteristic habitats of the RBCH in an altitudinal gradient with a thermal decrease analogous to that which occurs with increases in latitude; and (4) Caleta 2 de Mayo Site (54°52’S; 68’41’O), Yendegaia Bay, in an ecotonal zone between evergreen and deciduous forests (product of the local climate gradient), at a site that will be central to future connectivity between Continental Chile, Tierra del Fuego, Navarino Island, and the RBCH. In 2015, UNESCO approved the Report of the First Periodic Review of the RBCH that proposed the protection of the Diego Ramirez Archipelago and the creation of the Diego Ramirez Islands Marine Park-Drake Pass (creation decree published in the Diario Oficial of Chile in January 2019). In this context, the new LTSER-Cape Horn network acquires great local, national and global relevance. At the local scale, it covers a representative environmental heterogeneity of the great diversity of landscapes and terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems of the RBCH and the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion. At the national scale, it incorporates sub-Antarctic monitoring sites, located at the southern end of South America, to LTSER-Chile and to the Monitoring Network of the Ministry of the Environment. On a global scale, the terrestrial ecosystems of the LTSER-Cape Horn network stands out for two main reasons: (1) these sub-Antarctic ecosystems lack a geographical replicate in the southern hemisphere, and (2) high latitude ecosystems are especially sensitive to global climate change. Thus, the LTSER-Cape Horn network helps to overcome critical geographical gaps in the i
{"title":"Un centinela para el monitoreo del cambio climático y su impacto sobre la biodiversidad en la cumbre austral de América: La nueva red de estudios a largo Plazo Cabo de Hornos","authors":"R. Rozzi, Ramiro D. Crego, T. Contador, Elke Schüttler, Sebastian Rosenfeld, R. Mackenzie, O. Barroso, Eduardo A. Silva-Rodríguez, Ximena Álvarez-Bustos, A. Silva, Irene Ramírez, J. Mella, J. Herreros, Javier Rendoll-Cárcamo, J. Marambio, J. Ojeda, F. Méndez, Kelli Moses, J. Kennedy, Shaun Russell, Bernardo Goffinet, L. Sancho, F. Berchez, Brian Buma, F. Aguirre, Laura Sánchez-Jardón, Eduardo Barros, R. A. Vásquez, M. Arroyo, Elie Poulin, F. A. Squeo, J. Armesto, A. Mansilla, F. Massardo","doi":"10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300045","url":null,"abstract":"Biosphere reserves have among their functions to support scientific research, education, training and monitoring. In the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (RBCH), created in 2005, these functions have been accomplished with the creation of the Omora Ethnobotanical Park in 2000, and its implementation in 2008 as a co-founder site of the Chilean Network of Studies Long-term Socio-Ecological (LTSER-Chile). In 2016, this network has been strengthened with the addition of the new Cape Horn Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research Network (LTSER-Cape Horn). The latter includes the Omora Ethnobotanical Park, and three new sites added to the monitoring of the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion of South America. From south to north, the four sites are: (1) Gonzalo Island (56°31’S; 68°43’O), at the southern end of the Diego Ramirez archipelago, with sub-Antarctic vegetation dominated by grasses and cryptogams, devoid of woody species; (2) Horn Island (55°58’S; 67°13’O), at the southern end of the Cape Horn Islands archipelago, hosting the southernmost forest ecosystems on the planet, which are dominated by Magellan’s coigue (Nothofagus betuloides); (3) Omora Ethnobotanical Park (54°56’S; 67’40’O), Navarino Island, an ideal site for studies on climate change and its impact on biota and sub-Antarctic ecosystems, since it protects a watershed that includes a representative mosaic of characteristic habitats of the RBCH in an altitudinal gradient with a thermal decrease analogous to that which occurs with increases in latitude; and (4) Caleta 2 de Mayo Site (54°52’S; 68’41’O), Yendegaia Bay, in an ecotonal zone between evergreen and deciduous forests (product of the local climate gradient), at a site that will be central to future connectivity between Continental Chile, Tierra del Fuego, Navarino Island, and the RBCH. In 2015, UNESCO approved the Report of the First Periodic Review of the RBCH that proposed the protection of the Diego Ramirez Archipelago and the creation of the Diego Ramirez Islands Marine Park-Drake Pass (creation decree published in the Diario Oficial of Chile in January 2019). In this context, the new LTSER-Cape Horn network acquires great local, national and global relevance. At the local scale, it covers a representative environmental heterogeneity of the great diversity of landscapes and terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems of the RBCH and the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion. At the national scale, it incorporates sub-Antarctic monitoring sites, located at the southern end of South America, to LTSER-Chile and to the Monitoring Network of the Ministry of the Environment. On a global scale, the terrestrial ecosystems of the LTSER-Cape Horn network stands out for two main reasons: (1) these sub-Antarctic ecosystems lack a geographical replicate in the southern hemisphere, and (2) high latitude ecosystems are especially sensitive to global climate change. Thus, the LTSER-Cape Horn network helps to overcome critical geographical gaps in the i","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121716708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-686x2020000300127
B. Goffinet, J. Engel, M. von Konrat, R. Mackenzie, T. Contador, S. Rosenfeld, Omar Barroso, R. Rozzi
Long-term socio-ecological research requires comprehensive assessments of biodiversity that overcome historical taxonomic biases, such as the strong focus on the vascular flora. This is particularly relevant at high latitudes where the richness of non-vascular plant species exceeds that of vascular species. Additionally, with respect to geographical regions, there is also a marked bias towards ecological and conservation research in the northern hemisphere. In contrast, few studies have investigated patterns of non-vascular species richness in relation to conservation priorities at sub-Antarctic latitudes, particularly in the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion. In this work, we contribute to overcome such taxonomic, geographical and ecoregional biases by moving outside these limits, and therefore “changing the lenses” that are commonly used to assess and conserve biodiversity. We implemented these new “biocultural lenses” by including, for the first time, bryophytes in the floristic inventory of the southernmost island of the in the Diego Ramírez Archipelago, Chile. The first bryological exploration of the Diego Ramírez archipelago, SW of Cape Horn, revealed a bryophyte flora composed of 14 species, eight liverworts and six mosses. This number of non-vascular plant species almost doubles the eight vascular plants present on the island. Consequently, with our study, we aim to fill a critical gap in the knowledge of the flora of the Diego Ramírez archipelago, and establish an integral floristic characterization for the long-term socio-ecological research and conservation of the southernmost archipelago of South America. Based on the field material collected, the new nomenclatural combination Chiloscyphus secundifolius (Hook. f. & Taylor) J.J.Engel is proposed. The moss flora comprises Amblystegium serpens , a widespread moss, yet hitherto unknown for sub-Antarctic Chile. The bryoflora of Diego Ramírez has its greatest affinities with that of the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion and Maritime Antarctica. None of the liverworts present on Gonzalo Island occurs on continental Antarctica; in contrast, four of the six mosses are shared between these two areas.
{"title":"First bryophyte records from Diego Ramírez Archipelago: Changing lenses in long-term socio-ecological research at the southernmost island of the Americas","authors":"B. Goffinet, J. Engel, M. von Konrat, R. Mackenzie, T. Contador, S. Rosenfeld, Omar Barroso, R. Rozzi","doi":"10.4067/s0718-686x2020000300127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-686x2020000300127","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term socio-ecological research requires comprehensive assessments of biodiversity that overcome historical taxonomic biases, such as the strong focus on the vascular flora. This is particularly relevant at high latitudes where the richness of non-vascular plant species exceeds that of vascular species. Additionally, with respect to geographical regions, there is also a marked bias towards ecological and conservation research in the northern hemisphere. In contrast, few studies have investigated patterns of non-vascular species richness in relation to conservation priorities at sub-Antarctic latitudes, particularly in the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion. In this work, we contribute to overcome such taxonomic, geographical and ecoregional biases by moving outside these limits, and therefore “changing the lenses” that are commonly used to assess and conserve biodiversity. We implemented these new “biocultural lenses” by including, for the first time, bryophytes in the floristic inventory of the southernmost island of the in the Diego Ramírez Archipelago, Chile. The first bryological exploration of the Diego Ramírez archipelago, SW of Cape Horn, revealed a bryophyte flora composed of 14 species, eight liverworts and six mosses. This number of non-vascular plant species almost doubles the eight vascular plants present on the island. Consequently, with our study, we aim to fill a critical gap in the knowledge of the flora of the Diego Ramírez archipelago, and establish an integral floristic characterization for the long-term socio-ecological research and conservation of the southernmost archipelago of South America. Based on the field material collected, the new nomenclatural combination Chiloscyphus secundifolius (Hook. f. & Taylor) J.J.Engel is proposed. The moss flora comprises Amblystegium serpens , a widespread moss, yet hitherto unknown for sub-Antarctic Chile. The bryoflora of Diego Ramírez has its greatest affinities with that of the sub-Antarctic Magellanic ecoregion and Maritime Antarctica. None of the liverworts present on Gonzalo Island occurs on continental Antarctica; in contrast, four of the six mosses are shared between these two areas.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122138953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300039
F. Massardo
{"title":"Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos y Parque Marino Islas Diego Ramírez-Paso Drake","authors":"F. Massardo","doi":"10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121095150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300023
Javier Rendoll-Cárcamo, Melisa Gañán, R. Mackenzie, Sophia Troncoso, J. Troncoso, T. Contador, R. Rozzi, Peter Convey
The Yendegaia National Park, located to the south of Tierra del Fuego and at the eastern margin of the Darwin Mountain Range, forms part of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR) and lies in the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion. This national park in the extreme south of Chile comprises an extensive valley surrounded by mountain ranges that give rise to glacial and rain or snow-melt streams. The present study provides the first inventory of freshwater macroinvertebrates within the park, further comparing the species composition of three rivers with contrasting riparian vegetation. One river has a riparian vegetation dominated by Coihue de Magallanes (Nothofagus betuloides), an evergreen species. The river with riparian vegetation dominated by lenga presented a significantly higher diversity of macroinvertebrates than in the rivers with riparian vegetation dominated by nirre and coihue. The community composition of macroinvertebrates presents some affinities with that reported for other areas within the reserve with similar vegetational composition, such as Navarino Island or the Alberto de Agostini National Park. The influence of riparian vegetation and other environmental variables must be studied through other approaches. In this way, the need for studies that complement the inventory presented here emerges, contributing to a characterization that allows the evaluation of ecological patterns of aquatic macroinvertebrates. In this way, it will be possible to identify generalities and singularities of the freshwater biological communities and their environmental relationships in the southern tip of Chile.
延德盖亚国家公园位于火地岛南部和达尔文山脉的东部边缘，是合恩角生物圈保护区(CHBR)的一部分，位于麦哲伦亚南极生态区内。这个国家公园位于智利的最南端，包括一个被山脉环绕的广阔山谷，这些山脉形成了冰川和雨水或融雪的溪流。本研究提供了公园内淡水大型无脊椎动物的首次清查，并进一步比较了三条河流的物种组成和不同的河岸植被。其中一条河流的河岸植被以常绿植物Coihue de Magallanes (Nothofagus betuloides)为主。大型无脊椎动物的多样性在以冷杉为优势的河岸植被的河流中显著高于以冷杉和绿杉为优势的河流。大型无脊椎动物群落组成与纳瓦里诺岛、阿尔贝托·德·阿戈斯蒂尼国家公园等具有相似植被组成的保护区的群落组成有一定的相似性。河岸植被和其他环境变量的影响必须通过其他方法来研究。通过这种方式，有必要进行研究，以补充这里提出的清单，有助于对水生大型无脊椎动物的生态模式进行评价。这样，就有可能确定智利南端淡水生物群落的共性和独特性及其环境关系。
{"title":"Macroinvertebrados dulceacuícolas del Parque Nacional Yendegala, Chile: Resolviendo brechas de conocimiento sobre la biodiversidad de la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos","authors":"Javier Rendoll-Cárcamo, Melisa Gañán, R. Mackenzie, Sophia Troncoso, J. Troncoso, T. Contador, R. Rozzi, Peter Convey","doi":"10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-686X2020000300023","url":null,"abstract":"The Yendegaia National Park, located to the south of Tierra del Fuego and at the eastern margin of the Darwin Mountain Range, forms part of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR) and lies in the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion. This national park in the extreme south of Chile comprises an extensive valley surrounded by mountain ranges that give rise to glacial and rain or snow-melt streams. The present study provides the first inventory of freshwater macroinvertebrates within the park, further comparing the species composition of three rivers with contrasting riparian vegetation. One river has a riparian vegetation dominated by Coihue de Magallanes (Nothofagus betuloides), an evergreen species. The river with riparian vegetation dominated by lenga presented a significantly higher diversity of macroinvertebrates than in the rivers with riparian vegetation dominated by nirre and coihue. The community composition of macroinvertebrates presents some affinities with that reported for other areas within the reserve with similar vegetational composition, such as Navarino Island or the Alberto de Agostini National Park. The influence of riparian vegetation and other environmental variables must be studied through other approaches. In this way, the need for studies that complement the inventory presented here emerges, contributing to a characterization that allows the evaluation of ecological patterns of aquatic macroinvertebrates. In this way, it will be possible to identify generalities and singularities of the freshwater biological communities and their environmental relationships in the southern tip of Chile.","PeriodicalId":207115,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Instituto De La Patagonia","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121678062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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