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2016 Iranian Conference on Renewable Energy & Distributed Generation (ICREDG)最新文献

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Simultaneous operation of near-to-sea and off-shore wind farms with ocean renewable energy storage 同时运行具有海洋可再生能源存储的近海和离岸风力发电场
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875916
Hossein Shahinzadeh, A. Gheiratmand, Jalal Moradi, S. Fathi
Renewable energy has recently significant incremental upward trend. In spite of such considerable growth in utilization of these kinds of energies, it has some downsides too. Renewable energies, such as wind and solar energy, have normally uncertainty, which confront operation of power system with some difficulties and complexities. Moreover, power system operation scheduling must be performed more exact as possible to diminish costs of system and protect it from losing any type of stability. In addition, in restructured power systems, the units having uncertainty have high risk of participation in wholesale power market because if they cannot be able to provide undertaken demand, they must be penalized by market operator. This curtailment also increases spot market clearing price (MCP) and total operation cost of system, and decrease profit of uncertain units. Therefore, use of large scale electrical energy storage units such as pumped-storage (PS), compressed air energy storage (CAES) and ocean renewable energy storage units (ORES) is inevitable in order to compensate imbalances performed by uncertainty. These types of storages can be constructed in a certain topological place, which must have specific geographical characteristics. In near-to-sea places, construction of PS and CAES units are predominantly impossible. Nevertheless, there are usually high potential of on-shore and off-shore wind energy extraction. Hence, coordination of ORES units and wind farms has some advantages, which are investigated in a 10-unit test system considering all operation constraints.
可再生能源近期有明显的增量上升趋势。尽管这类能源的利用有了如此可观的增长,但它也有一些缺点。风能、太阳能等可再生能源通常具有不确定性,这给电力系统的运行带来了一定的困难和复杂性。此外,必须尽可能精确地进行电力系统运行调度,以降低系统成本,保护系统不失去任何类型的稳定性。此外,在电力系统重构中,具有不确定性的机组参与电力批发市场的风险较高,因为如果它们不能提供承担的需求,它们必须受到市场运营商的惩罚。这也增加了现货市场出清价格(MCP)和系统的总运行成本,降低了不确定机组的利润。因此,使用抽水蓄能(PS)、压缩空气蓄能(CAES)和海洋可再生能源蓄能(ORES)等大型电能存储单元是不可避免的,以补偿不确定性造成的不平衡。这些类型的存储可以在一定的拓扑地点建造,这些地点必须具有特定的地理特征。在近海地区,PS和CAES的建设基本上是不可能的。然而,陆上和海上风能开采的潜力通常很高。因此,在考虑所有运行约束的10台测试系统中,研究了ORES机组与风电场的协调具有一定的优势。
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引用次数: 31
A new control method for voltage harmonics compensation in islanded microgrid 孤岛微电网电压谐波补偿控制新方法
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875897
R. Ghanizadeh, M. Ebadian, G. Gharehpetian
If sensitive loads are connected to point of common connection (PCC), compensation should be carried out in order to reduce PCC voltage harmonics. In this case, compensation is performed by the interface converters of distributed generation (DG) units. In this paper, a novel method is proposed for voltage harmonics compensation in islanded microgrids. Also, to decrease the asymmetry among phase impedances of microgrid, a novel structure is proposed to generate virtual impedance. At fundamental frequency, the proposed structure for the virtual impedance improves the control of the fundamental component of the power, and at harmonic frequencies, it acts to adaptively improve nonlinear load sharing among DG units. In the structures of the proposed harmonic compensator and the proposed virtual impedance, a self-tuning filter (STF) is used for separating the fundamental component from the harmonic components. This STF decreases the number of the phase locked loop (PLL). The Simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment show the efficiency of the proposed approach in improving load sharing and decreasing voltage harmonics.
如果敏感负载连接到共接点(PCC),应进行补偿,以减少PCC电压谐波。在这种情况下,补偿由分布式发电(DG)单元的接口变流器执行。本文提出了一种孤岛微电网电压谐波补偿的新方法。同时,为了降低微电网相阻抗之间的不对称性,提出了一种虚拟阻抗生成结构。在基频下,该虚拟阻抗结构改善了对电力基频分量的控制,在谐波频率下,该结构自适应改善了DG机组间的非线性负荷分担。在所提出的谐波补偿器和虚拟阻抗的结构中,采用自调谐滤波器(STF)将基波分量与谐波分量分离。该STF减少了锁相环(PLL)的数量。在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下的仿真结果表明了该方法在提高负荷分担和降低电压谐波方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluating the effects of maximum power point tracking techniques on the reliability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems 评估最大功率点跟踪技术对并网光伏系统可靠性的影响
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875913
H. Afrakhte, P. Bayat, P. Bayat
Despite all the advantages presented by the generation of energy through photovoltaic (PV) cells, the efficiency of energy conversion is currently low, and the initial cost for its implementation is still considered high; thus, it becomes necessary to use techniques to extract the maximum power from these panels, in order to achieve maximum efficiency in operation. In this paper, in order to evaluate the effects of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques on the reliability of grid-connected PV systems, different MPPT techniques employed in PV systems are discussed according to a classification scheme as offline methods, online methods, and hybrid methods. The recursive least squares (RLS) identification algorithm uses to identify local PV system model parameters under different MPPT method. For proper separation of each MPPT method, variation of irradiation is considered as variation of set point. The simulation result shows that, there is direct relations between MPPT methods and overall reliability of the PV system. For this purpose, simulations were made in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
尽管通过光伏(PV)电池发电具有所有优点,但目前能量转换的效率较低,并且其实施的初始成本仍然被认为是高的;因此,有必要使用技术从这些面板中提取最大功率,以达到最大的运行效率。为了评估最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)技术对并网光伏系统可靠性的影响,本文根据离线方法、在线方法和混合方法的分类方案,对光伏系统中采用的不同最大功率点跟踪技术进行了讨论。采用递推最小二乘(RLS)识别算法对不同MPPT方法下的局部光伏系统模型参数进行识别。为了使每一种MPPT方法正确分离,辐照的变化被认为是设定点的变化。仿真结果表明,MPPT方法与光伏系统整体可靠性有直接关系。为此,在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下进行了仿真。
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引用次数: 0
An efficient power supply for Wireless Sensor Networks through environmental energy harvesting 通过环境能量收集为无线传感器网络提供高效电源
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875895
M. Ayaz, E. Farjah, T. Ghanbari
Recently, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been widespread utilized in automation. The power supply of WSNs has significant influences on their performance. This paper presents a novel power management circuit for WSNs. The proposed circuit provides an interminable energy source for wireless sensor nodes through environmental energy harvesting. The energy harvester is comprised of a thermoelectric generator and an autonomous step-up DC-DC converter. The proposed converter has two stages: the first is an amended oscillator which provides an AC voltage for the second stage and the second stage is an AC-DC voltage multiplier. The proposed converter is simulated and also fabricated. Simulation and experimental results show that this converter has a relatively high step-up ratio at low input voltages, 11.6 for a 0.5V input voltage. Furthermore, its best efficiency is as high as 70% while delivering ultralow powers as low as 66μW to a wireless sensor node.
近年来,无线传感器网络在自动化领域得到了广泛的应用。无线传感器网络的供电对其性能有重要影响。提出了一种新型的无线传感器网络电源管理电路。该电路通过环境能量收集为无线传感器节点提供源源不断的能量来源。能量采集器由一个热电发电机和一个自主升压DC-DC转换器组成。所提出的转换器具有两个级:第一级是修正振荡器,其为第二级提供交流电压,第二级是交直流电压倍增器。对所提出的变换器进行了仿真和制作。仿真和实验结果表明,该变换器在低输入电压下具有较高的升压比,0.5V输入电压下升压比为11.6。此外,它的最佳效率高达70%,同时为无线传感器节点提供低至66μW的超低功耗。
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引用次数: 1
Modeling the cooperation between neighboring VPPs: Cross-regional bilateral transactions 相邻vp之间的合作建模:跨区域双边交易
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875909
Morteza Shabanzadeh, M. Sheikh‐El‐Eslami, M. Haghifam
This paper provides a well thought view of the virtual power plant (VPP) concept from the cross-regional cooperation of neighboring VPPs to its potential trading benefits. For a smart power system, it is recognized that multiple VPPs can exist in a system, hence from an individual VPP' viewpoint, the cooperation with all physically-connected neighboring VPPs would be a golden opportunity for managing the risk of profit variability as well as achieving high profits. To this end, a decision making framework for medium-term self-scheduling of an individual VPP with the aim of exercising arbitrage between two different trading floors, bilateral contracts and the pool, is proposed. Moreover, an efficient risk management approach based on the concept of second-order stochastic dominance constraints (SOSDCs) is used to enable informed decision making under different levels of uncertainty. This method is clearly discussed in an easy to follow way. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed model is analyzed through a detailed case study, and thereby relevant conclusions are drawn.
本文从相邻虚拟电厂的跨区域合作到其潜在的交易利益,对虚拟电厂的概念进行了深思熟虑的分析。对于一个智能电力系统,我们认识到系统中可以存在多个VPP,因此从单个VPP的角度来看,与所有物理连接的相邻VPP的合作将是管理利润变化风险并实现高利润的绝佳机会。为此,提出了一个以双边合约和交易池两个不同交易大厅之间进行套利为目标的个人VPP中期自调度决策框架。此外,采用基于二阶随机优势约束(SOSDCs)概念的有效风险管理方法,实现了不同不确定性水平下的明智决策。以一种易于理解的方式清楚地讨论了这种方法。最后,通过详细的案例分析,对所提模型的有效性进行了分析,得出了相关结论。
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引用次数: 0
Low voltage ride-through of a two-stage photovoltaic inverter under different types of grid faults 两级光伏逆变器在不同类型电网故障下的低压通断
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875899
M. Eydi, Javad Farhang, Reza Emamalipour, B. Asaei
Today, with an increase in the share of power produced by the distributed generation especially the wind and solar sources, the standards for connecting these sources to the grid have been updated. According to these standards, the distributed generation sources must stay connected to the grid during fault conditions and must help the grid to come back to normal conditions. In this paper, a method is proposed for controlling the 3-phase 2-stage solar converter during fault conditions. In this method, it has been tried to take into consideration and meet 4 main challenges in controlling the distributed generation sources when a fault occurs. These challenges include: 1) The quality of the injected power into the grid. 2) Control of the current of all phases within their allowed ranges for both balanced and unbalanced faults. 3) Meeting the grid requirements during fault. 4) Using the inverter's maximum capacity to support the grid at the times of fault. The functionality of the proposed method is investigated in MATLAB software and Simulink environment.
今天,随着分布式发电,特别是风能和太阳能发电所产生的电力份额的增加,将这些能源连接到电网的标准已经更新。根据这些标准,分布式发电源必须在故障状态下保持与电网的连接,并帮助电网恢复正常状态。本文提出了一种三相两级太阳能变流器在故障状态下的控制方法。在此方法中,尝试考虑并满足故障发生时分布式发电源控制的4个主要挑战。这些挑战包括:1)向电网注入电力的质量。2)在平衡和不平衡故障的允许范围内控制各相电流。3)故障时满足电网要求。4)在电网发生故障时,利用逆变器的最大容量支持电网。在MATLAB软件和Simulink环境下对该方法的功能进行了研究。
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引用次数: 4
Design optimization of a permanent magnet brushless generator for a gearless wind turbine 无齿轮风力发电机永磁无刷发电机的优化设计
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875896
A. Jabbari
In this paper, design optimization and fabrication of a prototype permanent magnet brushless generator for a direct drive wind turbine has been considered. The main challenge in design of a low speed permanent magnet brushless generator is pulsating torque phenomenon due to cogging torque and electromagnetic torque ripple which can led to noise and vibration. In order to reduce pulsating torque components, the effect of skew and dummy slots has been investigated using FEM analysis. Analytical results show that pulsating torque will be reduced considerably by using these two methods simultaneously. A prototype has been fabricated based on optimum FEM result. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison of skew or dummy slots separately.
本文研究了直接驱动风力发电机组用永磁无刷发电机样机的设计优化和制造问题。低速永磁无刷发电机设计面临的主要挑战是由于齿槽转矩和电磁转矩脉动引起的转矩脉动现象,从而导致电机噪声和振动。为了减小脉动转矩分量,采用有限元分析方法研究了斜槽和假槽对脉动转矩分量的影响。分析结果表明,同时采用这两种方法可以显著减小脉动转矩。在有限元优化结果的基础上,制作了原型机。实验结果表明,该方法在分别比较斜槽和假槽时是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
Energy management system for smart house with multi-sources using PI-CA controller 采用PI-CA控制器的多源智能家居能源管理系统
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875914
H. Afrakhte, P. Bayat, P. Bayat
A smart house, is a home that incorporates advanced automation systems to provide the inhabitants with sophisticated monitoring and control over the building's functions. Solar and wind energy and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) commonly used in smart houses. Renewable electrical energy sources such as solar power and wind energy are becoming increasingly important owing to the limited fossil fuels resources and their negative environmental impact, on the other hand HEVs are becoming promising alternatives to be remedy for urban air pollution, greenhouse gases and depletion of the finite fossil fuel resources as they use centrally generated electricity as a power source. In smart houses, the important thing is energy management between input sources, so this paper proposes the multi-sources energy configuration and novel controller by combining the proportional integral (PI) and cultural algorithm (CA) based feedback control of an energy management system (EMS) for multi sources smart house. The purpose of the EMS is delivered a smooth line voltage to the power grid.
智能住宅是一种集成了先进自动化系统的住宅,为居民提供对建筑物功能的复杂监控和控制。智能住宅中常用的太阳能、风能和混合动力汽车(hev)。由于有限的化石燃料资源及其对环境的负面影响,太阳能和风能等可再生电力能源正变得越来越重要,另一方面,混合动力汽车正成为补救城市空气污染、温室气体和有限化石燃料资源枯竭的有希望的替代品,因为它们使用集中发电作为动力源。在智能家居中,输入源之间的能量管理是一个重要的问题,因此本文将基于比例积分(PI)和基于文化算法(CA)的反馈控制相结合,提出了多源智能家居能量管理系统(EMS)的多源能量配置和新型控制器。EMS的目的是为电网提供平滑的线路电压。
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引用次数: 4
A hybrid DC circuit breaker for DC microgrid based on zero current switching 一种基于零电流开关的直流微电网混合式直流断路器
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875917
Davood Keshavarzi, E. Farjah, Teymoor Ghanbarih
In this paper, a hybrid DC circuit breaker based on natural Zero Current Switching for DC microgrid is proposed. In the DC networks, arc quenching is a dramatic challenge due to lack of zero crossing of current, which results in corrosion and reduction of circuit breaker lifetime. The hybrid circuit breaker conducts the current using a mechanical switch in normal condition. In fault condition, counter current of a discharging capacitor makes mechanical switch to experience zero crossing condition. Therefore, the arc can be quenched safely. Also, the fault current with relatively higher impedance can be interrupted using zero voltage switching. The proposed breaker structure is described and its performance is evaluated using different simulations.
提出了一种用于直流微电网的基于自然零电流开关的混合式直流断路器。在直流网络中,由于缺乏过零电流,电弧淬火是一个巨大的挑战,它会导致腐蚀和降低断路器的寿命。混合式断路器在正常情况下使用机械开关传导电流。在故障状态下,放电电容的逆流使机械开关经历过零状态。因此,电弧可以安全地熄灭。此外,可以使用零电压开关中断阻抗较高的故障电流。介绍了所提出的破碎机结构,并通过不同的仿真对其性能进行了评价。
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引用次数: 3
A new strategy in selective harmonic elimination for a photovoltaic multilevel inverter 光伏多电平逆变器的选择性谐波消除新策略
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1109/ICREDG.2016.7875918
Soroush Mohammadalizadeh, M. Ghayeni
Selective harmonic elimination technology (SHE) has been widely used in many medium and high power converters. Because of low switching frequency privilege in this method, low power loss is expected in the converters. Although it is still a crucial work to find optimum switching angle from a group of nonlinear transcendental equations, especially in multilevel inverters with multiple switching in each level. In this article a new strategy based on selective harmonic elimination concept (SHE-PWM) in photovoltaic multilevel inverter with multiple switching is proposed. In the proposed strategy, the solving process is divided into two steps to ease the complexity of the problem and increase the degree of control in each step. It also offers an exclusive searching scheme which makes convergence easily achievable. Simulation's result also proves validity of the proposed strategy for a wide range of modulation indices.
选择性谐波消除技术在许多中大功率变换器中得到了广泛的应用。由于该方法具有较低的开关频率特权,因此可以降低变换器的功耗。尽管从一组非线性超越方程中寻找最佳开关角仍然是一项至关重要的工作,特别是在每一级有多个开关的多电平逆变器中。本文提出了一种基于选择性谐波消除(SHE-PWM)的多开关光伏多电平逆变器控制策略。在提出的策略中,求解过程分为两个步骤,以减轻问题的复杂性,并增加每一步的控制程度。它还提供了一种排他的搜索方案,使收敛更容易实现。仿真结果也证明了该策略在大范围调制指标下的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2016 Iranian Conference on Renewable Energy & Distributed Generation (ICREDG)
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