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IGPRED: Combination of convolutional neural and graph convolutional networks for protein secondary structure prediction IGPRED:结合卷积神经和图卷积网络的蛋白质二级结构预测
Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26354
Yasin Görmez
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引用次数: 1
Modulation of human transthyretin stability by the mutations at histidine 88 studied by free energy simulation 自由能模拟研究组氨酸88突变对人甲状腺素转运稳定性的调节
Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26353
Kyung-Hoon Lee, K. Kuczera
Human transthyretin (TTR) is a homotetrameric plasma protein associated with a high percentage of β‐sheet, which forms amyloid fibrils and accumulates in tissues or extracellular matrix to cause amyloid diseases. Free energy simulations based on all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to analyze the effects of the His88 → Arg, Phe, and Tyr mutations on the stability of human TTR. The calculated free energy change differences (ΔΔG) caused by the His → Arg, Phe, and Tyr mutations at position 88 are 6.48 ± 0.45, −9.99 ± 0.54, and 2.66 ± 0.33 kcal/mol, respectively. These calculated free energy change differences between wild type and the mutants are in excellent agreement with prior experimental values. Our simulation results show that the wild type of the TTR is more stable than H88R and H88Y mutants, whereas it is less stable than the H88F mutant. The free energy component analysis shows that the primary contribution to the free energy change difference (ΔΔG) for the His → Arg mutation arises from electrostatic interaction; the ΔΔG for the His → Phe mutation is from van der Waals and electrostatic interactions and that for the His → Tyr mutation from covalent interaction. The simulation results show that the free energy calculation with thermodynamic integration is beneficial for understanding the detailed microscopic mechanism of protein stability. The implications of the results for understanding stabilizing and destabilizing effect of the mutation and the contribution to protein stability are discussed.
人转甲状腺素(TTR)是一种同四聚体血浆蛋白,与β - sheet的高比例相关,形成淀粉样蛋白原纤维,并在组织或细胞外基质中积累,引起淀粉样蛋白疾病。基于全原子分子动力学模拟的自由能模拟分析了His88→Arg、Phe和Tyr突变对人TTR稳定性的影响。计算得到88位His→Arg、Phe和Tyr突变引起的自由能变化差(ΔΔG)分别为6.48±0.45、−9.99±0.54和2.66±0.33 kcal/mol。这些计算出的野生型和突变型之间的自由能变化差异与先前的实验值非常吻合。我们的模拟结果表明,野生型TTR比H88R和H88Y突变体更稳定,而比H88F突变体更不稳定。自由能分量分析表明,静电相互作用对His→Arg突变的自由能变化差(ΔΔG)的主要贡献;His→Phe突变的ΔΔG来自范德华作用和静电相互作用,His→Tyr突变的ΔΔG来自共价相互作用。模拟结果表明,结合热力学积分的自由能计算有助于理解蛋白质稳定性的微观机理。讨论了该结果对理解突变的稳定和不稳定效应以及对蛋白质稳定性的贡献的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Multiscale MD simulations of wild‐type and sickle hemoglobin aggregation 野生型和镰状血红蛋白聚集的多尺度MD模拟
Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26352
M. Olagunju, Jennifer Loschwitz, O. Olubiyi, B. Strodel
Sickle cell disease is a hemoglobinopathy resulting from a point mutation from glutamate to valine at position six of the β‐globin chains of hemoglobin. This mutation gives rise to pathological aggregation of the sickle hemoglobin and, as a result, impaired oxygen binding, misshapen and short‐lived erythrocytes, and anemia. We aim to understand the structural effects caused by the single Glu6Val mutation leading to protein aggregation. To this end, we perform multiscale molecular dynamics simulations employing atomistic and coarse‐grained models of both wild‐type and sickle hemoglobin. We analyze the dynamics of hemoglobin monomers and dimers, study the aggregation of wild‐type and sickle hemoglobin into decamers, and analyze the protein–protein interactions in the resulting aggregates. We find that the aggregation of sickle hemoglobin is driven by both hydrophobic and electrostatic protein–protein interactions involving the mutation site and surrounding residues, leading to an extended interaction area and thus stable aggregates. The wild‐type protein can also self‐assemble, which, however, results from isolated interprotein salt bridges that do not yield stable aggregates. This knowledge can be exploited for the development of sickle hemoglobin‐aggregation inhibitors.
镰状细胞病是一种血红蛋白病,由血红蛋白β -珠蛋白链6位谷氨酸突变为缬氨酸引起。这种突变引起镰状血红蛋白的病理性聚集,从而导致氧结合受损、红细胞畸形和短命以及贫血。我们的目的是了解单个Glu6Val突变导致蛋白质聚集所引起的结构效应。为此,我们采用原子和粗粒度模型对野生型和镰状血红蛋白进行多尺度分子动力学模拟。我们分析了血红蛋白单体和二聚体的动力学,研究了野生型和镰状血红蛋白成十聚体的聚集,并分析了由此产生的聚集中的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。我们发现镰状血红蛋白的聚集是由涉及突变位点和周围残基的疏水和静电蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用驱动的,导致相互作用区域扩大,从而形成稳定的聚集。野生型蛋白也可以自组装,然而,这是由于分离的蛋白间盐桥,不能产生稳定的聚集体。这些知识可以用于镰状血红蛋白聚集抑制剂的开发。
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引用次数: 1
PCNA from Thermococcus gammatolerans: A protein involved in chromosomal DNA metabolism intrinsically resistant at high levels of ionizing radiation 来自伽马热球菌的PCNA:一种参与染色体DNA代谢的蛋白质,内在地抵抗高水平的电离辐射
Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26346
Yerli Marín-Tovar, H. Serrano-Posada, A. Díaz-Vilchis, E. Rudiño-Piñera
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an essential protein for cell viability in archaea and eukarya, since it is involved in DNA replication and repair. In order to obtain insights regarding the characteristics that confer radioresistance, the structural study of the PCNA from Thermococcus gammatolerans (PCNATg) in a gradient of ionizing radiation by X‐ray crystallography was carried out, together with a bioinformatic analysis of homotrimeric PCNA structures, their sequences, and their molecular interactions. The results obtained from the datasets and the accumulated radiation dose for the last collection from three crystals revealed moderate and localized damage, since even with the loss of resolution, the electron density map corresponding to the last collection allowed to build the whole structure. Attempting to understand this behavior, multiple sequence alignments, and structural superpositions were performed, revealing that PCNA is a protein with a poorly conserved sequence, but with a highly conserved structure. The PCNATg presented the highest percentage of charged residues, mostly negatively charged, with a proportion of glutamate more than double aspartate, lack of cysteines and tryptophan, besides a high number of salt bridges. The structural study by X‐ray crystallography reveals that the PCNATg has the intrinsic ability to resist high levels of ionizing radiation, and the bioinformatic analysis suggests that molecular evolution selected a particular composition of amino acid residues, and their consequent network of synergistic interactions for extreme conditions, as a collateral effect, conferring radioresistance to a protein involved in the chromosomal DNA metabolism of a radioresistant microorganism.
增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)是古细菌和真核生物中维持细胞活力所必需的蛋白,它参与DNA的复制和修复。为了获得有关赋予辐射抗性的特性的见解,利用X射线晶体学对来自伽马热球菌(PCNA)的PCNA在电离辐射梯度下的结构进行了研究,并对同源三聚体PCNA结构、序列和分子相互作用进行了生物信息学分析。从数据集和最后一次收集的三个晶体的累积辐射剂量中获得的结果显示出中度和局部损伤,因为即使在分辨率损失的情况下,与最后一次收集的电子密度图相对应的电子密度图也允许构建整个结构。为了理解这种行为,进行了多序列比对和结构叠加,揭示了PCNA是一种序列保守性差但结构高度保守的蛋白质。PCNATg的带电残基比例最高,大部分带负电,谷氨酸的比例超过天冬氨酸的两倍,缺乏半胱氨酸和色氨酸,此外还有大量的盐桥。X射线晶体学的结构研究表明,PCNATg具有抵抗高水平电离辐射的内在能力,生物信息学分析表明,分子进化选择了氨基酸残基的特定组成,以及它们在极端条件下的协同相互作用网络,作为附带效应,赋予抗辐射微生物染色体DNA代谢中涉及的蛋白质抗辐射能力。
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引用次数: 1
Issue Information ‐ Forthcoming 发行信息‐即将发布
Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26111
K. T. Rahn, Robert S. Phillips
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information ‐ Table of Content 发行信息‐内容表
Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26110
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information ‐ Forthcoming 发行信息‐即将发布
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26107
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information ‐ Table of Content 发行信息‐内容表
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26106
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引用次数: 0
Structural patterns in class 1 major histocompatibility complex‐restricted nonamer peptide binding to T‐cell receptors 1类主要组织相容性复合体的结构模式-限制nonamer肽与T细胞受体的结合
Pub Date : 2022-04-10 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26343
R. T, Jeremy C. Smith
The startling diversity in αβ T‐cell receptor (TCR) sequences and structures complicates molecular‐level analyses of the specificity and sensitivity determining T‐cell immunogenicity. A number of three‐dimensional (3D) structures are now available of ternary complexes between TCRs and peptides: major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC). Here, to glean molecular‐level insights we analyze structures of TCRs bound to human class I nonamer peptide–MHC complexes. Residues at peptide positions 4–8 are found to be particularly important for TCR binding. About 90% of the TCRs hydrogen bond with one or both of the peptide residues at positions 4 and 8 presented by MHC allele HLA‐A2, and this number is still ~79% for peptides presented by other MHC alleles. Residue 8, which lies outside the previously‐identified central peptide region, is crucial for TCR recognition of class I MHC‐presented nonamer peptides. The statistics of the interactions also sheds light on the MHC residues important for TCR binding. The present analysis will aid in the structural modeling of TCR:pMHC complexes and has implications for the rational design of peptide‐based vaccines and T‐cell‐based immunotherapies.
αβ T细胞受体(TCR)序列和结构的惊人多样性使得在分子水平上分析T细胞免疫原性的特异性和敏感性变得复杂。目前,tcr和多肽之间的三元复合物有许多三维(3D)结构:主要组织相容性复合物(pMHC)。在这里,为了收集分子水平的见解,我们分析了与人类I类氨基肽- mhc复合物结合的tcr的结构。发现肽位4-8的残基对TCR结合特别重要。约90%的tcr氢键与MHC等位基因HLA‐A2所呈现的4位和8位的一个或两个肽残基结合,而对于其他MHC等位基因所呈现的肽,这一比例仍为79%。残基8位于先前鉴定的中心肽区域之外,对于TCR识别I类MHC - present nonamer肽至关重要。相互作用的统计也揭示了对TCR结合重要的MHC残基。目前的分析将有助于TCR:pMHC复合物的结构建模,并对基于肽的疫苗和基于T细胞的免疫疗法的合理设计具有指导意义。
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引用次数: 3
Antibody mutations favoring pH‐dependent binding in solid tumor microenvironments: Insights from large‐scale structure‐based calculations 实体肿瘤微环境中有利于pH依赖性结合的抗体突变:来自大规模结构计算的见解
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26340
Wanlei Wei, Christopher R. Corbeil, Francis Gaudreault, Christophe Deprez, E. Purisima, T. Sulea
Antibody‐based therapeutics for treatment of various tumors have grown rapidly in recent years. Unfortunately, safety issues, attributed to off‐tumor effects and cytotoxicity, are still a significant concern with the standard of care. Improvements to ensure targeted delivery of antitumor pharmaceuticals are desperately needed. We previously demonstrated that incorporating histidyl pH‐switches in an anti‐HER2 antibody induced selective antigen binding under acidic pH conditions (MAbs 2020;12:1682866). This led to an improved safety profile due to preferential targeting of the oncoprotein in the acidic solid tumor microenvironment. Following this success, we expanded this approach to a set of over 400 antibody structures complexed with over 100 different human oncoproteins, associated with solid tumors. Calculations suggested that mutations to His of certain residue types, namely Trp, Arg, and Tyr, could be significantly more successful for inducing pH‐dependent binding under acidic conditions. Furthermore, 10 positions within the complementarity‐determining region were also predicted to exhibit greater successes. Combined, these two accessible metrics could serve as the basis for a sequence‐based engineering of pH‐selective binding. This approach could be applied to most anticancer antibodies, which lack detailed structural characterization.
近年来,基于抗体的治疗方法在治疗各种肿瘤方面发展迅速。不幸的是,由于非肿瘤效应和细胞毒性,安全性问题仍然是治疗标准的一个重要问题。迫切需要改进以确保抗肿瘤药物的靶向递送。我们之前证明,在酸性条件下,在抗HER2抗体中加入组氨酸pH开关诱导选择性抗原结合(mab 2020;12:1682866)。由于癌蛋白在酸性实体肿瘤微环境中的优先靶向,这导致了安全性的提高。在这次成功之后,我们将这种方法扩展到一组400多种抗体结构,这些抗体结构与100多种不同的与实体瘤相关的人类癌蛋白结合在一起。计算表明,在酸性条件下,某些残基类型(即Trp、Arg和Tyr)的His突变可能更成功地诱导pH依赖性结合。此外,互补性决定区域内的10个位置也预计会取得更大的成功。结合起来,这两个可访问的指标可以作为基于序列的pH选择性结合工程的基础。这种方法可以应用于大多数缺乏详细结构表征的抗癌抗体。
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引用次数: 3
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Proteins: Structure
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