Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics最新文献

Evaluation of the effect of modulator therapies on medication complexity in adult cystic fibrosis patients. 调节疗法对成人囊性纤维化患者用药复杂性影响的评价。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2026.102420

Esen Deniz Akman Ar, Nadir Yalçın, Uğur Balaban, Oğuz Karcıoğlu, Ebru Damadoğlu, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu, Kutay Demirkan

Background: The positive effects of modulator therapies (MT) on various symptoms have been proven. There is no clear recommendation for stopping or reducing the dose of other therapies after using modulators. However, patients may feel better and stop their other therapies. The aim of this study was to compare Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) and Treatment Complexity Score (TCS) scores of adult CF patients before and after 1 year of their MT use and also to compare them with non-MT patients.

Methods: The medications and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) of patients using MT were recorded on the first day and after 1 year, and those non-MT were recorded at 1-year intervals. MRCI and TCS were recorded simultaneously.

Results: In total, 105 patients were included (48.6% MT). Dornase alfa use decreased significantly in the MT group (p < 0.001), while azithromycin use increased significantly in the non-MT group (p = 0.016). No significant change was observed in the use of other therapies. In the MT, mean (SD) MRCI and TCS decreased significantly [28.37 (10.39) vs 23.77 (10.90); p < 0.001 and 8.86 (3.37) vs 7.51 (3.29); p < 0.001]. In the non-MT, mean (SD) MRCI and TCS increased significantly [23.65 (12.86) vs 26.13 (14.68); p < 0.001, and 7.29 (4.21) vs 7.79 (4.61) p = 0.021]. A negative significant correlation was observed between MRCI (p < 0.001), TCS (p < 0.001) and FEV1% at baseline and after 1-year.

Conclusion: A decrease in the use of inhaled therapy was observed in MT group after 1 year. Our study demonstrates that patients receiving MT exhibit a reduction in medication use, whereas those not receiving MT show an increase, suggesting that MT may contribute to decreased treatment burden without worsening clinical outcomes in CF management.

背景：调节疗法（MT）对各种症状的积极作用已被证实。没有明确的建议在使用调节剂后停止或减少其他治疗的剂量。然而，患者可能会感觉好些，并停止其他治疗。本研究的目的是比较成年CF患者使用MT前后1年的药物治疗方案复杂性指数（MRCI）和治疗复杂性评分（TCS），并将其与非MT患者进行比较。方法：分别于用药第一天和用药1年后记录MT患者的用药情况和1秒用力呼气量（FEV1），非MT患者每隔1年记录一次。同时记录MRCI和TCS。结果：共纳入105例患者（48.6%）。结论：MT组1年后吸入治疗的使用明显减少。我们的研究表明，接受MT的患者药物使用减少，而未接受MT的患者药物使用增加，这表明MT可能有助于减轻治疗负担，而不会恶化CF治疗的临床结果。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in the development of Rentosertib: A novel TNIK inhibitor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis – A letter to editor 人工智能在Rentosertib开发中的应用：一种治疗特发性肺纤维化的新型TNIK抑制剂-致编辑的一封信

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2025.102405

Devipriya R. Namboothiri , Aswathy Sivanandan , Gladyston Netto , Midhun Mathew

引用次数: 0

Posaconazole attenuates arsenic trioxide toxicity and enhances safety and efficacy while reducing invasion and metastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer 泊沙康唑可减轻三氧化二砷对非小细胞肺癌的毒性，提高安全性和有效性，同时减少其侵袭和转移。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2026.102412

Shima Karami, Azra Rabbani-Chadegani, Jamshid Davoodi

The clinical use of the anti-cancer drug arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been limited due to its side effects and the development of cancer cell resistance, highlighting the need for combination therapy. In this study, we optimized and characterized the combination of antifungal drug posaconazole (PCZ) and ATO in A549 lung cancer cells using single-drug monotherapy and sequential/pretreatment combination assays. In the pretreatment approach, the cells were incubated with PCZ for 6 h, followed by incubation with ATO for 48 h. MTT assay indicated that the sequential (pretreatment) combination of ATO and PCZ produced an IC50 value of 25 μmol/L, whereas PCZ and ATO alone exhibited IC50 values of 100 μmol/L and 75 μmol/L, respectively. qRT-PCR analysis showed that treatment at the IC50 concentration of ATO upregulated HMGA2 and Bcl-2 gene expression, while the combination of ATO with PCZ significantly countered these effects. Additionally, overexpression of HMGA2, VEGF, and MMP-9 indicated a high potential for invasion and metastasis, particularly at 75 μmol/L ATO, as demonstrated by wound healing and transwell invasion assays. In contrast, the pretreatment combination showed high efficacy in inducing cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells with minimal risk of invasion and metastasis. The results indicated that this enhanced cytotoxicity occurs through apoptosis induction and modulation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway via targeting SMO and Gli1. Furthermore, flow cytometry and colony formation assays revealed that PCZ attenuates and reduces the apoptotic/necrotic effects of ATO. In conclusion, PCZ synergistically and effectively reduces the adverse cytotoxic effects of ATO in lung cancer cells, providing a promising new therapeutic strategy for lung cancer treatment.

抗癌药物三氧化二砷（ATO）的临床应用由于其副作用和癌细胞耐药性的发展而受到限制，突出了联合治疗的必要性。在本研究中，我们通过单药单疗法和序贯/预处理联合试验，对抗真菌药物泊沙康唑（posaconazole， PCZ）与ATO联合应用于A549肺癌细胞进行了优化和表征。预处理方法是先用PCZ孵育6小时，再用ATO孵育48小时。MTT实验表明，ATO和PCZ顺序联合（预处理）产生的IC50值为25 μmol/L，而PCZ和ATO单独的IC50值分别为100 μmol/L和75 μmol/L。qRT-PCR分析显示，IC50浓度ATO处理上调了HMGA2和Bcl-2基因的表达，而ATO与PCZ联合处理显著抵消了这些影响。此外，HMGA2、VEGF和MMP-9的过表达表明了高侵袭和转移的可能性，特别是在75 μmol/L ATO时，伤口愈合和跨井侵袭试验证实了这一点。相比之下，预处理组合对肺癌细胞的细胞毒性诱导效率高，且侵袭和转移风险最小。结果表明，这种增强的细胞毒性是通过靶向SMO和Gli1诱导凋亡和调节Hedgehog信号通路发生的。此外，流式细胞术和集落形成实验显示PCZ减弱并降低ATO的凋亡/坏死作用。综上所述，PCZ可协同有效地降低ATO对肺癌细胞的不良细胞毒作用，为肺癌治疗提供了一种新的治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0

Echocardiographic effects of dupilumab in patients with severe type 2 asthma dupilumab对重度2型哮喘患者超声心动图的影响。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2026.102409

Corrado Pelaia , Giuseppe Armentaro , Chiara Lupia , Antonio Giacalone , Gianluca Ippolito , Daniela Pastore , Sofia Miceli , Carlo Alberto Pastura , Giandomenico Severini , Carlo Fuoco , Alberto Panza , Filippo Capilupi , Maria Rosangela Scarcelli , Giovanna Lucia Piazzetta , Emanuela Chiarella , Alessandro Vatrella , Girolamo Pelaia , Angela Sciacqua

Background

Severe asthma is characterized by impaired lung function and elevated cardiovascular risk. Type 2 inflammation, primarily mediated by IL-4 and IL-13, contributes to both airway and cardiac remodeling. Dupilumab, an IL-4Rα antagonist, has shown efficacy in improving respiratory outcomes; however, its impact on cardiac function remains insufficiently studied.

Objective

To assess the 12-month effects of dupilumab on echocardiographic parameters and evaluate its potential association with clinical remission in patients with severe type 2 asthma.

Methods

This single-centre observational study enrolled 24 patients with severe type 2 asthma receiving dupilumab. Echocardiographic assessments and lung function tests were conducted at baseline and after 12 months. Clinical remission was defined by meeting all of the following: zero exacerbations, zero OCS use, ACT score ≥20, and pre-bronchodilator FEV₁ ≥ 80 % predicted.

Results

Twelve-month dupilumab therapy led to significant improvements in both cardiac and respiratory parameters. LV-GLS improved from −17.00 % to −19.00 % and RV-GLS from −17.33 % to −19.11 % (both p < 0.0001). TAPSE and TAPSE/S-PAP ratio also increased significantly (p < 0.0001). Lung function showed notable gains in FEV₁ and FEF25-75, alongside reductions in residual volume and airway resistance. Clinical remission was achieved by 45.83 % of patients. Baseline LV-GLS emerged as a strong predictor of remission (AUC = 0.832), unlike RV-GLS (AUC = 0.545).

Conclusions

Dupilumab markedly improved cardiac and pulmonary function and may promote clinical remission. Baseline LV-GLS may serve as a predictive marker, supporting cardiovascular assessment in asthma management.

背景：重度哮喘以肺功能受损和心血管风险升高为特征。2型炎症主要由IL-4和IL-13介导，有助于气道和心脏重塑。IL-4Rα拮抗剂Dupilumab已显示出改善呼吸预后的功效；然而，其对心功能的影响仍未得到充分研究。目的：评估dupilumab对重度2型哮喘患者12个月超声心动图参数的影响，并评估其与临床缓解的潜在关联。方法：这项单中心观察性研究纳入了24例接受dupilumab治疗的严重2型哮喘患者。在基线和12个月后进行超声心动图评估和肺功能检查。临床缓解是通过满足以下所有条件来定义的：零恶化，零OCS使用，ACT评分≥20，支气管扩张剂前FEV1≥80%。结果：12个月的dupilumab治疗导致心脏和呼吸参数的显着改善。LV-GLS从-17.00%提高到-19.00%，RV-GLS从-17.33%提高到-19.11% （p < 0.0001）。TAPSE和TAPSE/S-PAP比值也显著升高（p < 0.0001）。肺功能显示FEV1和FEF25-75显著增加，同时残余体积和气道阻力减少。45.83%的患者达到临床缓解。与RV-GLS （AUC = 0.545）不同，基线LV-GLS是缓解的有力预测因子（AUC = 0.832）。结论：Dupilumab可显著改善心肺功能，并可能促进临床缓解。基线LV-GLS可作为预测指标，支持哮喘管理中的心血管评估。

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引用次数: 0

Targeting ELK-1 transcription factor and mechanosensitive MDM4 receptor using an HCN channel blocker alleviates lung fibrosis 使用HCN通道阻滞剂靶向ELK-1转录因子和机械敏感性MDM4受体减轻肺纤维化。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2026.102408

Sahar A Helmy, Nesma A. Abd Elrazik

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive interstitial lung disease associated with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. It is a chronic irreversible lung disorder, mainly characterized by matrix stiffening. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting ELK-1 transcription factor and mechanosensitive MDM4 receptor using Ivabradine (IVA), an HCN channel blocker, in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) rat model. Total, differential cell counts and LDH activity were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Pulmonary levels of MDA, GSH, IL-1β, α-SMA, COL1A1, ELK-1, MDM4, p-53, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and CX3CL-1 were measured. Our study demonstrated that IVA induced a marked decrease in MDA and increase in GSH levels. Also, rats treated with IVA revealed a significant reduction in inflammation scores, LDH, IL-1β, α-SMA and COL1A1 levels. IVA-treated group showed a marked downregulation of MDM4 and ELK-1 along with significant upregulation of p-53, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and CX3CL-1 levels when compared to BLM-induced PF group. In conclusion, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of IVA in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. The antifibrotic effects of IVA in the bleomycin-induced rat model may be attributed to restoring redox balance, alleviation of aberrant inflammatory response, sensitizing lung myofibroblasts to apoptosis and promoting their clearance by macrophages.

特发性肺纤维化是一种进行性间质性肺疾病，预后差，死亡率高。它是一种慢性不可逆的肺部疾病，主要特征为基质硬化。本研究旨在探讨HCN通道阻滞剂伊伐布雷定（Ivabradine， IVA）靶向ELK-1转录因子和机械敏感MDM4受体在博来霉素（BLM）诱导的肺纤维化（PF）大鼠模型中的治疗潜力。测定支气管肺泡灌洗液中总细胞计数、差异细胞计数及LDH活性。测定肺组织中MDA、GSH、IL-1β、α-SMA、COL1A1、ELK-1、MDM4、p-53、caspase-3、cleaved caspase-3、CX3CL-1的水平。我们的研究表明，IVA诱导MDA显著降低，GSH水平显著升高。此外，IVA治疗的大鼠炎症评分、LDH、IL-1β、α-SMA和COL1A1水平均显著降低。与blm诱导的PF组相比，iva处理组MDM4和ELK-1水平明显下调，p-53、caspase-3、cleaved caspase-3和CX3CL-1水平显著上调。总之，这些发现突出了IVA治疗肺纤维化的治疗潜力。在博莱霉素诱导的大鼠模型中，IVA的抗纤维化作用可能是由于恢复氧化还原平衡，减轻异常炎症反应，使肺肌成纤维细胞对凋亡敏感，并促进巨噬细胞对其清除。

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引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of Mepolizumab and Dupilumab in patients with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) compared to severe uncontrolled asthma (SUA): A retrospective observational cohort study Mepolizumab和Dupilumab在哮喘- copd重叠（ACO）患者中与严重未控制哮喘患者相比的有效性：一项回顾性观察队列研究

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2025.102407

Belén Muñoz-Sánchez, Antonio León-Lloreda, David Carlos Echavarría, María Polonio-González, Juan Francisco Medina-Gallardo, Marta Ferrer-Galván, Auxiliadora Romero-Falcón, Javier Díez-Sierra, Francisco Javier Álvarez-Gutiérrez

Background

The coexistence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), known as asthma-COPD overlap (ACO), presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Although biological therapies such as Mepolizumab and Dupilumab have transformed the management of severe eosinophilic asthma, their role in ACO remains poorly defined due to the exclusion of this phenotype from most clinical trials.

Methods

This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of Mepolizumab and Dupilumab in patients with ACO compared to those with severe uncontrolled asthma (SUA). We included 212 patients treated in a specialized asthma unit between 2017 and 2024, all with at least 12 months of follow-up. Treatment response was assessed using clinical tools (EXACTO scale and SEPAR-REMAS criteria).

Results

Among Mepolizumab-treated patients (ACO n = 10; SUA n = 132), those with ACO had significantly lower baseline FEV₁ and lower rates of good/complete response (14.2 % vs. 60 %, p < 0.03) and clinical remission (0 % vs. 20.9 %). In the Dupilumab group (ACO n = 10; SUA n = 60), ACO patients showed lower baseline ACT scores and FEV₁, with reduced response rates (25 % vs. 55 %) and no clinical remission, although differences were not statistically significant. Despite limited power due to small ACO sample sizes, the magnitude of these differences suggests a clinically relevant reduction in biologic effectiveness in ACO.

Conclusion

These findings emphasize the urgent need for dedicated studies in ACO, a population with a high disease burden and limited treatment guidance. Individualized therapeutic approaches should be prioritized until robust clinical trial data becomes available.

背景：哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的共存，被称为哮喘-COPD重叠（ACO），提出了独特的诊断和治疗挑战。尽管Mepolizumab和Dupilumab等生物疗法已经改变了严重嗜酸性粒细胞哮喘的治疗，但由于大多数临床试验排除了这种表型，它们在ACO中的作用仍然不明确。方法：这项回顾性观察性研究旨在评估Mepolizumab和Dupilumab在ACO患者与严重未控制哮喘（SUA）患者中的实际疗效。我们纳入了2017年至2024年间在专门哮喘病房接受治疗的212例患者，所有患者均进行了至少12个月的随访。使用临床工具（EXACTO量表和spe - remas标准）评估治疗效果。结果：在mepolizumab治疗的患者（ACO n = 10; SUA n = 132）中，ACO患者的基线FEV1显著降低，良好/完全缓解率（14.2% vs. 60%, p < 0.03）和临床缓解率（0% vs. 20.9%）较低。在Dupilumab组（ACO n = 10; SUA n = 60）， ACO患者表现出较低的基线ACT评分和FEV1，反应率降低（25% vs 55%），无临床缓解，尽管差异无统计学意义。尽管由于ACO样本量小，研究结果有限，但这些差异的大小表明ACO的生物学有效性在临床上有一定的降低。结论：这些发现强调了迫切需要对ACO进行专门研究，这是一个疾病负担高且治疗指导有限的人群。在获得可靠的临床试验数据之前，应优先考虑个体化治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Setting expectations with oral selexipag: an expert consensus-based approach on best practices to initiate, dose, titrate, and manage side effects (SEs) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) 设定口服selexipag的期望：基于专家共识的最佳实践方法，以启动，剂量，滴定和管理肺动脉高压（PAH）患者的副作用（SEs）。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2025.102406

Sheryl E. Wu , Jeremy A. Mazurek , Jennalyn D. Mayeux , Naomi G. Habib , Gurinderpal S. Doad , Christina K. Benninger , Michelle C. Cho , Paul M. Strachan , Richard M. Perry , Daisy Bridge , Medi A. Stone , Charlotte W. Oswald , Luis Val-Maranes , J. Wesley McConnell

Background

Oral selexipag, a prostacyclin receptor agonist, has been shown to delay pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) progression and reduce the risk of hospitalization for PAH. To ensure optimal patient outcomes with selexipag, careful treatment titration and expected side effect (SE) management are required. This study aimed to obtain expert consensus on the appropriate management of patients with PAH treated with selexipag.

Methods

United States (US) healthcare professionals (N = 17, 11 physicians; 5 nurse practitioners; 1 registered nurse) participated in this modified-Delphi panel comprising two online surveys and a consensus meeting. Consensus was defined as ≥80% panelists agreeing using a 9-point Likert scale.

Results

Panelists prescribed selexipag according to FDA label recommendations to patients with PAH. Panelists acknowledged considerations prompting adjustment in titration speed, agreeing that individual maximum dose is based on SE tolerability.

It was agreed that the duration of SEs is variable and patient-specific, however, SEs often become manageable over time. Panelists identified methods for managing SEs, agreeing this should be proactive. Panelists highlighted the importance of communicating with patients to set expectations, to enhance engagement and adherence.

Panelists agreed that treatment initiation, titration, and SE management should be individualized to suit each patient, with decision-making primarily based on patient characteristics and treatment preference.

Discussion

This panel provided expert opinions on the clinical use of and best practices for treatment titration and management of expected SEs for oral selexipag. Insights are valuable for developing standardized clinical guidelines and best practices, as well as ensuring personalized treatment to improve patient care.

背景：口服selexipag是一种前列环素受体激动剂，已被证明可以延缓肺动脉高压（PAH）的进展并降低PAH住院的风险。为了确保患者使用selexipag的最佳结果，需要仔细的治疗滴定和预期的副作用（SE）管理。本研究旨在就selexipag治疗PAH患者的适当管理获得专家共识。方法：美国医疗保健专业人员（N=17, 11名内科医生，5名执业护士，1名注册护士）参与了这个修改的德尔菲小组，包括两次在线调查和一次共识会议。共识被定义为≥80%的小组成员同意使用9分李克特量表。结果：小组成员根据FDA标签对PAH患者的推荐处方selexipag。小组成员承认需要考虑调整滴定速度，同意个人最大剂量是基于硒耐受性。人们一致认为，SEs的持续时间是可变的，因人而异，然而，随着时间的推移，SEs通常变得可控。小组成员确定了管理企业的方法，并同意这应该是积极主动的。小组成员强调了与患者沟通的重要性，以设定期望，提高参与度和依从性。小组成员一致认为，治疗开始、滴定和SE管理应个体化，以适应每位患者，决策主要基于患者特征和治疗偏好。讨论：该小组就口服selexipag的临床使用和治疗滴定的最佳实践以及预期SEs的管理提供了专家意见。这些见解对于制定标准化的临床指南和最佳实践，以及确保个性化治疗以改善患者护理非常有价值。

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引用次数: 0

The importance of biomarkers in the treatable-trait approach to chronic airway diseases 生物标志物在慢性气道疾病治疗-特征方法中的重要性。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2026.102410

Mario Cazzola , Mauro Maniscalco , Maria Gabriella Matera , Paola Rogliani

Chronic airway diseases (CAD), including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis, are increasingly recognized as heterogeneous and overlapping syndromes that share treatable biological and clinical characteristics. The Treatable Traits (TT) approach is a precision medicine framework that transcends diagnostic labels. It identifies and targets modifiable pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and behavioral characteristics in each patient. Biomarkers are central to this paradigm, translating latent endotypes into measurable traits that inform diagnosis, treatment selection, and longitudinal monitoring.

This review synthesizes contemporary evidence on the role of biomarkers in implementing the TT model across CAD. Peripheral and airway biomarkers, including blood eosinophil count (BEC), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and sputum cell profiles, enable the identification of type 2 inflammatory traits and the prediction of corticosteroid or biologic responsiveness. Imaging and quantitative computed tomography metrics extend trait definition to structural and functional domains. Meanwhile, multi-omic and microbiome signatures reveal the molecular endotypes that underpin disease heterogeneity. Canonical examples include BEC predicting the benefit of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD and FeNO indicating steroid responsiveness in asthma. Additionally, emerging data suggest that rapid trait identification during acute exacerbations may facilitate targeted biologic therapy, extending precision care into acute management contexts.

Integrating biomarker-guided assessment with individualized therapy redefines the management of CAD by offering a pathway toward biologically precise, dynamically adaptive care. Continued research should focus on standardizing biomarker thresholds, validating composite panels, and translating omic and imaging discoveries into routine clinical tools to optimize outcomes across the chronic airway disease spectrum.

慢性气道疾病（CAD），包括哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、支气管扩张和囊性纤维化，越来越多地被认为是异质性和重叠综合征，具有可治疗的生物学和临床特征。可治疗特征（TT）方法是一种超越诊断标签的精准医学框架。它确定并针对每个患者可改变的肺、肺外和行为特征。生物标志物是这一范式的核心，将潜在的内源性转化为可测量的特征，为诊断、治疗选择和纵向监测提供信息。这篇综述综合了生物标志物在CAD实施TT模型中的作用的当代证据。外周和气道生物标志物，包括血嗜酸性粒细胞计数（BEC）、呼气一氧化氮分数（FeNO）和痰细胞谱，可以识别2型炎症特征并预测皮质类固醇或生物反应性。成像和定量计算机断层扫描度量将特征定义扩展到结构和功能领域。同时，多组学和微生物组特征揭示了支持疾病异质性的分子内型。典型的例子包括BEC预测COPD患者吸入皮质类固醇的益处和FeNO指示哮喘患者类固醇反应性。此外，新出现的数据表明，在急性加重期间快速识别特征可能有助于靶向生物治疗，将精确护理扩展到急性管理环境中。将生物标志物引导的评估与个体化治疗相结合，通过提供生物学上精确的、动态适应的护理途径，重新定义了CAD的管理。持续的研究应集中于标准化生物标志物阈值，验证复合面板，并将组学和成像发现转化为常规临床工具，以优化整个慢性气道疾病谱系的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in novel therapeutics for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 特发性肺纤维化新疗法研究进展。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2025.102396

Menghao Li , Bokun Chen , Xinhui Zhang, Tingting Zhuo, Xiuju Liu

IPF is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by irreversible lung scarring, leading to exertional dyspnea and a gradual decline in pulmonary function. Its pathogenesis involves multiple mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, aberrant cytokine signaling, and alveolar epithelial injury. Currently, IPF remains incurable, and treatment primarily aims to slow disease progression and improve survival. This paper systematically reviews recent clinical trials of novel IPF drug therapies that have demonstrated promising efficacy, aiming to inform future drug development.

IPF是一种慢性进行性间质性肺疾病，其特征是不可逆的肺瘢痕形成，导致用力呼吸困难和肺功能逐渐下降。其发病机制涉及多种机制，包括慢性炎症、细胞因子信号异常和肺泡上皮损伤。目前，IPF仍然无法治愈，治疗的主要目的是减缓疾病进展和提高生存率。本文系统回顾了近年来新型IPF药物治疗的临床试验，这些试验已经证明了有希望的疗效，旨在为未来的药物开发提供信息。

引用次数: 0

Drug-drug interactions in vanzacaftor–tezacaftor–deutivacaftor versus elexacaftor–tezacaftor-ivacaftor vanzacator - tezacator - detivacator与elexaftor - tezacator - ivacaftor的药物相互作用。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2025.102395

Esen Deniz Akman Ar, Nadir Yalcin

引用次数: 0