Quintessence international最新文献

Objectives: This in-vitro study aimed to investigate the influence of different pretreatments and surface coatings on the wear of different zirconia and their antagonists.

Method and materials: Zirconia specimens (3-, 4- and 5-mol% yttria tetragonal zirconia; n = 160/material) were subjected to pretreatment (airborne-particle abrasion, 50 µm Al2O3, 1 bar; 120 µm Al2O3, 3 bar; polishing) and surface coating (spray glazing, micro-layering, layering, veneering). References comprised no pretreatment or coating. Wear tests were performed (50 N, 120,000 cycles). Wear (mean, maximum, antagonist) and arithmetic mean roughness Ra and average roughness depth Rz were determined. ANOVA, Bonferroni, and Pearson correlation (α = .05) were performed.

Results: Ra/Rz showed significant (P < .001) differences (Ra: 0.01 ± 0.01 µm to 0.71 ± 0.06 µm; Rz: 0.31 ± 0.09 µm to 4.33 ± 0.44 µm). Two groups could be distinguished by mean and maximum wear with significant (P < .001) differences: (1) glaze sprayed and without coating (mean wear: 9.4 ± 2.6 µm to 57 ± 21.3 µm, max. wear: 24.1 ± 6.9 µm to 125.4 ± 18.2 µm) and (2) all coating procedures (mean wear: 129.2 ± 22.8 µm to 236.5 ± 62.0 µm; max. wear: 188.7 ± 21.4 µm to 444.2 ± 110.6 µm). Antagonist wear (9.2 ± 4.5 to 29.7 ± 5.0%) showed a significant (P < .001) correlation to surface coating, mean and maximum wear, and Ra and Rz. Mean wear significantly (P < .001) correlated with surface coating, maximum wear, and antagonist wear.

Conclusion: Under clinical conditions, layering or veneering can lead to increased wear of the restoration, but in return reduce the abrasion of antagonists. Excessively rough surface treatments should be avoided, as they might increase antagonist wear.

Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative developmental defect of the enamel that affects one or more permanent first molars, with or without incisor involvement. This condition often requires esthetic treatment, and therapeutic approaches may vary considerably. This case report describes a step-by-step clinical protocol for a 20-year-old woman who presented with dissatisfaction regarding the appearance of her smile due to hypomineralized spots on the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. After anamnesis and clinical examination, the diagnosis of MIH was established. Treatment consisted of in-office bleaching followed by resin infiltration for the maxillary teeth, and microabrasion combined with resin infiltration for the mandibular teeth. This sequence of minimally invasive techniques effectively resolved the esthetic alterations caused by MIH, showing satisfactory results that remained stable over 1 year.

Purpose: To evaluate parents' knowledge of the Israeli Ministry of Health guidelines on basic oral health practices and appropriate toothpaste usage for different pediatric age groups.

Method: Anonymous questionnaires were distributed to parents attending the Pedodontics Department. The questionnaire included two sections: general questions and questions that were completed for all children in the family, categorizing them into three age groups-under 2 years, 2-6 years, and over 6 years.

Results: A total of 242 questionnaires and 410 responses across different age groups were collected. Most respondents knew that teeth should be brushed as soon as the first tooth appears and believed that the first dental visit should be at age two (60.5% and 26.9%, respectively). However, only 15% of parents answered boths questions correctly. Toothpaste selection was primarily based on age (46.6%), with no significant differences across age groups for correct answer (p = 0.130). Awareness of the recommended fluoride concentration was low (16.1%), though parents of older children showed better knowledge (p = 0.040). Appropriate toothpaste amounts were used in 30.2% of the cases, with the 2-6 year age group demonstrating the highest awareness (p < 0.001). Only 3.7% of parents correctly answered all three toothpaste-related questions. Overall, the knowledge score for toothpaste guidelines was highest in the middle-aged group (31.21%, SD = 28.66, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: A minority of parents are familiar with recommended early dental care practices and correct toothpaste usage. The findings emphasize the need to improve parental awareness from the very beginning of a child's development.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein type-2 (rhBMP-2) on the alveolar ridge in the post-extraction socket in humans.

Method and materials: 20 subjects with 25 teeth of the maxilla were included (11 sockets in the control [blood clot] and 14 in the test group [rhBMP-2]). The teeth were minimally and traumatically extracted. CBCT images were obtained 2 (T0) and 120 (T1) days after extraction. The buccal bone wall height, palatal bone wall height, and alveolar area were compared between both groups, as well as the volumetric contraction through overlapped images (T1 - T0) using Mimics software. The data were compared using the Mann-Whitney test (P .05).

Results: The intragroup evaluation showed a significant buccal and palatal crest height resorption in the control group (P .05). In the intergroup assessment, the test group was superior to the control group in maintaining the average alveolar ridge area since the control group showed an area loss of approximately 39% between T0 and T1, whereas this reduction was approximately 15% in the test group (P .05).

Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that using rhBMP-2 after tooth extraction resulted in better socket preservation, maintaining 2.5 times greater bone availability in the alveolar ridge than that of the control group.

Objectives: Adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities are at increased risk of oral diseases due to physical limitations, poor oral health awareness, and inadequate dental hygiene practices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status of adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities and to analyze changes in their dental hygiene habits following subsequent visits and oral hygiene education.

Method and materials: This pilot longitudinal observational study involved students with mild to moderate intellectual and developmental disabilities from a special needs school. Oral health was assessed using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II), Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE), Developmental Defects of Enamel (DDE), and Simplified Oral Hygiene (OHI-S) indices. Participants received oral hygiene training, and their brushing techniques were evaluated using the Oral Hygiene Skills Survey. Data on brushing frequency, skills, toothpaste use, and OHI-S scores were collected at baseline and at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups.

Results: Twenty-three participants aged 14 to 19 years were evaluated, showing high DMFT scores (mean 10.91 ± 6.06), advanced caries in 78.3%, and enamel defects and erosive tooth wear in 65.2%. Significant improvements were observed in toothbrushing frequency (P = .008), with reductions in OHI-S scores (P = .001) and enhanced brushing skills (P = .016) during follow-ups.

Conclusion: The findings indicate a high prevalence of dental caries, enamel defects, and erosive tooth wear among adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Despite poor baseline oral hygiene practices, regular follow-ups and oral hygiene education significantly improved oral hygiene habits and outcomes.

Multiple myeloma is a well-known hematologic malignancy. Development of multiple myeloma usually follows a spectrum of patterns over the course of the disease. Multiple myeloma is associated with higher relative mortality rates. Early diagnosis and management might help limit the disease process, reduce the associated morbidities, improve prognosis, survival, and quality of life among these patients. Multiple myeloma remains a diagnostic challenge owing to its diverse clinical presentation. Common symptoms associated with multiple myeloma are bone pain, anemia, generalized weakness, and weight loss. Numb chin syndrome characterized by numbness of lip and/or chin might be an initial presentation symptom in multiple myeloma patients. This manuscript presents two cases of multiple myeloma with numb chin syndrome and mandibular radiolucency. Correlation of CBCT findings with clinical symptoms of numb chin syndrome were instrumental in prompting diagnostic work up for multiple myeloma in these patients. The diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow biopsy and other investigations. Early identification of these presentations might help reduce if not eliminate the delay encountered in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in marginal bone level and survival rates of implants placed in lateral-window sinus floor elevation (LSFE) sites compared to other sites.

Method and materials: Patients with a history of LSFE and subsequent implant placement were identified. Clinical and radiographic data were collected by two calibrated examiners and divided into three cohorts for the analysis, including (1) implants placed in the LSFE-grafted sinus, (2) implants placed in the maxilla at sites other than grafted sinus, and (3) implants placed in the mandible. Implant survival rate and marginal bone level were recorded and calculated. The potential influences of several host-, implant-, and surgery-related factors on implant survival rate and marginal bone level were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.

Results: 427 implants from 99 patients (63.8 ±12.5 years) with an average follow-up period of 32.3 ± 29.2 months were analyzed. The cumulative implant survival rate at the grafted sinuses was 93.63%. Mean marginal bone level was 0.44 ± 0.79 mm, 0.84 ± 1.21 mm, and 0.85 ± 1.16 mm for implants in group 1 (n = 142), group 2 (n = 129), and group 3 (n = 147) (P = .01). The majority of marginal bone loss occurred within the first 12 months after implant placement. The status of smoking and periodontal disease did not impact implant survival rate or marginal bone level for any group (P > .05). Neither sinus membrane perforation nor grafting materials affected marginal bone level (P > .05) in group 1.

Conclusion: The utilization of LSFE and the presence of sinus membrane perforation during LSFE had no negative impact on implant outcomes.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the comfort levels of custom-made mouthguards and self-adapted mouthguards used by athletes. Key parameters assessed included fit, speech interference, and breathing difficulties.

Method and materials: The review was registered with the Prospective International Registration of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Google Scholar, supplemented by additional citation searches. Two independent reviewers assessed the relevance of the studies, and studies were included based on predefined eligibility criteria. Nine studies were included for qualitative analysis, with the risk of bias assessed using standard NIH and revised JBI tools. Meta-analysis was performed with three studies to synthesize the results.

Results: The analysis demonstrated that custom-made mouthguards significantly outperformed self-adapted types in comfort metrics, particularly in fit (P = .0002) and reducing speech difficulty (P .00001). At the same time, breathing difficulty was also less in custom-made mouthguards (P .00001).

Conclusions: Custom-made mouthguards provide superior comfort (fit and speech) compared to self-adapted alternatives, enhancing their potential for widespread adoption. The findings highlight the need for further research as limited clinical studies were available for meta-analysis.