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Serendipity (and Clinical Observation) Strike Again: GLP-1 Receptor Agonists 偶然性(和临床观察)再次罢工:GLP-1受体激动剂
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230925-01
Andrew A. Nierenberg
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引用次数: 0
Compensatory Cognitive Training for Psychosocial Outcomes and Self-Stigma in Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study 代偿性认知训练对精神分裂症患者心理社会结局和自我耻辱的影响:一项随机对照试验研究
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230907-01
Yu-Shiuan Liaw, Yin-Ju Lien
Individuals with schizophrenia often experience poor psychosocial outcomes and self-stigma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of compensatory cognitive training (CCT) on self-esteem, self-efficacy, quality of life, and self-stigma in schizophrenia. Forty-six participants with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to intervention (CCT group, n = 24) or treatment as usual (TAU group, n = 22). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale Revision 4 (SQLS-R4), and the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS) were administered at pretest (T0), posttest (T1), and 1-month follow-up (T2). A significant result was found at T2 in the SQLS-R4 score between CCT and TAU groups ( P = 0.001). A significant result was also noted at T2 in the ISMIS score ( P = 0.004). These findings show that CCT contributes to improvement in quality of life and self-stigma in individuals with schizophrenia. Accordingly, CCT may enhance the effectiveness of psychiatric rehabilitation programs. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(10):473–481.]
精神分裂症患者往往经历不良的社会心理结果和自我耻辱感。本研究旨在探讨代偿性认知训练(CCT)对精神分裂症患者自尊、自我效能感、生活质量和自我耻辱感的影响。46名精神分裂症患者被随机分配到干预组(CCT组,n = 24)或照常治疗组(TAU组,n = 22)。采用Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)、一般自我效能量表(GSES)、精神分裂症生活质量量表修订4 (sqs - r4)和精神疾病内化污名量表(ISMIS)进行前测(T0)、后测(T1)和1个月随访(T2)。T2时,CCT组和TAU组的ssql - r4评分差异有统计学意义(P = 0.001)。T2时ISMIS评分也有显著差异(P = 0.004)。这些发现表明,CCT有助于改善精神分裂症患者的生活质量和自我耻辱感。因此,CCT可以提高精神康复项目的有效性。[精神病医生安。]2023; 53(10): 473 - 481。)
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引用次数: 0
DiGeorge Syndrome With Atypical Psychotic Symptoms: The Need for a Multidisciplinary Methodology 具有非典型精神病症状的迪乔治综合征:需要多学科方法学
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230824-02
Fatma Tuygar Okutucu
DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome or velocardiofacial syndrome, is one of the most common microdeletion syndromes in humans. Developmental delay, intellectual disability, congenital cardiac and gross vessel anomalies, hypocalcemia, and hearing loss may be seen and characterized by dysmorphic facial features. The syndrome has high risk for psychiatric disorders, specifically intellectual disability and psychotic disorders. Dysmorphic features may be overlooked and the diagnosis may be delayed for years. We explore a case of DGS with intellectual disability and atypical psychotic symptoms. A 19-year-old female patient had atypical psychotic symptoms, dysmorphic facial features, and unilateral hearing loss. Intellectual disability was detected in the IQ test evaluation. A detailed investigation and genetic evaluation resulted in a diagnosis of DGS. This case report highlights the variable clinical presentation of DGS in each patient and the need for a multidisciplinary methodology to diagnose and treat it. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):432–435.]
DiGeorge综合征(DGS),又称22q11.2缺失综合征或心面疾速综合征,是人类最常见的微缺失综合征之一。发育迟缓、智力残疾、先天性心脏和血管异常、低钙血症和听力损失可能以畸形的面部特征为特征。该综合征有很高的精神障碍风险,特别是智力残疾和精神障碍。畸形特征可能被忽视,诊断可能延迟数年。我们探讨了一例智力残疾和非典型精神病症状的DGS。一位19岁女性患者有非典型精神病症状、面部畸形和单侧听力丧失。智力缺陷在智商测试评估中被发现。经过详细的调查和遗传评估,诊断为DGS。本病例报告强调了每个患者DGS的不同临床表现,需要多学科方法来诊断和治疗。[精神病医生安。]2023; 53(9): 432 - 435。)
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Self-Esteem on Loneliness in Individuals With Schizophrenia 自尊对精神分裂症患者孤独感的影响
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230806-01
Tülay Yıldırım Üşenmez, Funda Kavak Budak, Mehmet Osman Ayhan
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-esteem on loneliness in persons with schizophrenia. This study was conducted between August 2020 and August 2021 at a community mental health center affiliated with a research and training hospital in Turkey. This was a cross-sectional study that included 100 individuals with schizophrenia. A Descriptive Characteristics Form (DCF), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS) were used for data collection. The individuals' total mean scores were 2.47 ± 1.24 for RSES and 56.42 ± 10.00 for UCLA-LS. A moderate negative correlation was found between these scores ( r = −0.526, P < 0.01). The results revealed that the persons with schizophrenia had a moderate level of self-esteem and a high level of loneliness, possibly indicating that as self-esteem increases, loneliness levels may decrease. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):419–424.]
本研究的目的是评估自尊对精神分裂症患者孤独感的影响。这项研究于2020年8月至2021年8月在土耳其一家研究和培训医院附属的社区精神卫生中心进行。这是一项包括100名精神分裂症患者的横断面研究。采用描述性特征表(DCF)、Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)和加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表(UCLA-LS)进行数据收集。RSES评分为2.47±1.24分,UCLA-LS评分为56.42±10.00分。这些评分之间存在中度负相关(r = - 0.526, P <0.01)。结果显示,精神分裂症患者有中等程度的自尊和高度的孤独感,这可能表明随着自尊的增加,孤独感可能会减少。[精神病医生安。]2023; 53(9): 419 - 424。)
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引用次数: 0
To Measure or Not to Measure: Perspectives of Measurement-Based Care From the Trenches 测量或不测量:来自一线的基于测量的护理视角
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230820-02
Dustin DeMoss
Measurement-based care has improved patient health outcomes by adding precision to clinical decision making at the patient level, when implemented correctly, across health care systems. Payors and system administrators also use measurements to assess program performance and inform resource allocation. This article describes frustrations and unintended consequences experienced by patients, psychiatric providers, administrators, and health systems when exuberant measurement, often without clearly stated goals, is promulgated with insufficient consideration as to the purpose, selection, and timing of these measurements by administrators and health systems. We propose some principles to inform when, how, by whom, and what to measure in managing the care of psychiatric patients. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):410–414.]
如果在整个卫生保健系统中正确实施,基于测量的护理通过提高患者层面临床决策的准确性,改善了患者的健康结果。付款人和系统管理员也使用度量来评估程序性能并通知资源分配。本文描述了患者、精神科医生、管理人员和卫生系统所经历的挫折和意想不到的后果,当管理人员和卫生系统对这些测量的目的、选择和时间进行充分考虑时,往往没有明确的目标,大肆测量。我们提出了一些原则,以告知何时,如何,由谁,以及在管理精神病患者的护理测量。[精神病医生安。]2023; 53(9): 410 - 414。)
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引用次数: 1
The Science of Psychiatric Measurement 精神病学测量科学
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230818-01
Robert D. Gibbons, Philip S. Wang
In this article, we compare and contrast mental health measurement based on classical test theory (CTT) with computerized adaptive testing (CAT) based on multidimensional item response theory (MIRT). We show that MIRT-based CAT has numerous advantages over the traditional CTT approach in terms of maximizing the precision of measurement while at the same time decreasing the burden of measurement both for the clinician and patient. We review the literature on CAT for depression, anxiety, mania/hypomania, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidality psychosis, and substance use disorders. We highlight two interesting applications, one for national prevalence determination, and one for student mental health. Applications to special populations where item-level bias may exist and integration with electronic medical records systems are also discussed. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):400–404.]
本文对基于经典测试理论(CTT)的心理健康测量与基于多维项目反应理论(MIRT)的计算机化自适应测试(CAT)进行了比较。我们表明,在最大限度地提高测量精度的同时,基于mirt的CAT与传统的CTT方法相比具有许多优势,同时减少了临床医生和患者的测量负担。我们回顾了CAT治疗抑郁、焦虑、躁狂/轻躁狂、创伤后应激障碍、自杀性精神病和物质使用障碍的文献。我们强调了两个有趣的应用,一个用于国家患病率的确定,一个用于学生心理健康。应用于特殊人群,其中项目水平的偏见可能存在和集成的电子医疗记录系统也进行了讨论。[精神病医生安。]2023; 53(9): 400 - 404。)
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引用次数: 1
Examination of Personality Traits in Predicting COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Community-Based Survey Study 人格特征在预测COVID-19疫苗犹豫中的作用:一项基于社区的调查研究
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230720-01
Hasan Bakay, Sakir Gica, Esra Cinar Tanriverdi, Mine Sahingoz
Vaccination has played an important role in combating the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of personality traits that may be associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The study included 468 participants. A sociodemographic data form and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised – Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A) were filled out via an online survey. The mean score of the EPQR-A psychoticism and lie subscales were significantly higher in unvaccinated participants. Further analyses revealed that having psychoticism personality and lying explicitly predicted the probability of being unvaccinated. These results suggest that there is a relationship between personality characteristics and attitude towards vaccination. Our findings may guide health care professionals and policy makers in achieving herd immunity. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):425–431.]
疫苗接种在抗击COVID-19病毒传播方面发挥了重要作用。该研究的目的是调查可能与COVID-19疫苗犹豫相关的人格特征的影响。该研究包括468名参与者。通过在线调查填写社会人口统计数据表和艾森克人格问卷修订-缩写表(EPQR-A)。EPQR-A精神病和谎言分量表的平均得分在未接种疫苗的参与者中显着更高。进一步的分析表明,具有精神病人格和撒谎明确地预测了未接种疫苗的可能性。这些结果表明,人格特征与疫苗接种态度之间存在关系。我们的发现可以指导卫生保健专业人员和政策制定者实现群体免疫。[精神病医生安。]2023; 53(9): 425 - 431。)
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引用次数: 0
Measurement-Based Care for Depression: Personalized Management Approaches for Optimized Treatment Outcomes 基于测量的抑郁症护理:优化治疗结果的个性化管理方法
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230820-01
Hisham M. Ibrahim, Manish Kumar Jha
Use of measurement-based care (MBC) in depression includes the systematic administration of validated clinical measurement tools to guide the screening, assessment, treatment, and monitoring of clinical outcomes in patients with depression. In clinical practice, MBC can be used to screen for and assess severity of depressive symptoms, and guide treatment selection and change in type of treatment when clinical improvement is insufficient. In addition to identifying depressive symptoms, MBC can also help detect co-existing psychiatric conditions to inform more precise treatment selection. Furthermore, the MBC approach entails regular assessments of symptom severity, adherence, and side effects, which facilitates timely and vigorous dose adjustments of antidepressants to improve clinical outcomes. MBC can also be used to monitor specific symptoms that are associated with poor depression outcomes to allow acute-phase prognostication of treatment outcomes. The authors conclude that the MBC approach has many evidence-based benefits compared to the usual care and should be incorporated into the clinical care of patients with depression. [ Psychiatr Ann. 2023;53(9):395–399.]
在抑郁症中使用基于测量的护理(MBC)包括系统地管理经过验证的临床测量工具,以指导抑郁症患者的筛查、评估、治疗和监测临床结果。在临床实践中,MBC可用于筛查和评估抑郁症状的严重程度,在临床改善不足时指导治疗方案的选择和治疗类型的改变。除了识别抑郁症状外,MBC还可以帮助发现共存的精神疾病,从而为更精确的治疗选择提供信息。此外,MBC方法需要定期评估症状严重程度、依从性和副作用,这有助于及时和有力地调整抗抑郁药的剂量,以改善临床结果。MBC还可用于监测与不良抑郁结果相关的特定症状,以便对治疗结果进行急性期预测。作者得出结论,与常规治疗相比,MBC方法有许多基于证据的益处,应该纳入抑郁症患者的临床治疗中。[j] .中华精神病学杂志,2013;33(9):395-399。
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引用次数: 1
Suicide on the Rise 自杀率上升
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230828-03
Andrew A. Nierenberg
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引用次数: 1
Measurement in Psychiatry: the Good, the Challenges, and the Ugly 精神病学的测量:好的、挑战和丑陋的
4区 医学 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230824-01
A. John Rush
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Psychiatric Annals
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