Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230907-01
Yu-Shiuan Liaw, Yin-Ju Lien
Individuals with schizophrenia often experience poor psychosocial outcomes and self-stigma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of compensatory cognitive training (CCT) on self-esteem, self-efficacy, quality of life, and self-stigma in schizophrenia. Forty-six participants with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to intervention (CCT group, n = 24) or treatment as usual (TAU group, n = 22). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale Revision 4 (SQLS-R4), and the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS) were administered at pretest (T0), posttest (T1), and 1-month follow-up (T2). A significant result was found at T2 in the SQLS-R4 score between CCT and TAU groups ( P = 0.001). A significant result was also noted at T2 in the ISMIS score ( P = 0.004). These findings show that CCT contributes to improvement in quality of life and self-stigma in individuals with schizophrenia. Accordingly, CCT may enhance the effectiveness of psychiatric rehabilitation programs. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(10):473–481.]
{"title":"Compensatory Cognitive Training for Psychosocial Outcomes and Self-Stigma in Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study","authors":"Yu-Shiuan Liaw, Yin-Ju Lien","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230907-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230907-01","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with schizophrenia often experience poor psychosocial outcomes and self-stigma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of compensatory cognitive training (CCT) on self-esteem, self-efficacy, quality of life, and self-stigma in schizophrenia. Forty-six participants with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to intervention (CCT group, n = 24) or treatment as usual (TAU group, n = 22). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale Revision 4 (SQLS-R4), and the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMIS) were administered at pretest (T0), posttest (T1), and 1-month follow-up (T2). A significant result was found at T2 in the SQLS-R4 score between CCT and TAU groups ( P = 0.001). A significant result was also noted at T2 in the ISMIS score ( P = 0.004). These findings show that CCT contributes to improvement in quality of life and self-stigma in individuals with schizophrenia. Accordingly, CCT may enhance the effectiveness of psychiatric rehabilitation programs. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(10):473–481.]","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135655642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230824-02
Fatma Tuygar Okutucu
DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome or velocardiofacial syndrome, is one of the most common microdeletion syndromes in humans. Developmental delay, intellectual disability, congenital cardiac and gross vessel anomalies, hypocalcemia, and hearing loss may be seen and characterized by dysmorphic facial features. The syndrome has high risk for psychiatric disorders, specifically intellectual disability and psychotic disorders. Dysmorphic features may be overlooked and the diagnosis may be delayed for years. We explore a case of DGS with intellectual disability and atypical psychotic symptoms. A 19-year-old female patient had atypical psychotic symptoms, dysmorphic facial features, and unilateral hearing loss. Intellectual disability was detected in the IQ test evaluation. A detailed investigation and genetic evaluation resulted in a diagnosis of DGS. This case report highlights the variable clinical presentation of DGS in each patient and the need for a multidisciplinary methodology to diagnose and treat it. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):432–435.]
{"title":"DiGeorge Syndrome With Atypical Psychotic Symptoms: The Need for a Multidisciplinary Methodology","authors":"Fatma Tuygar Okutucu","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230824-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230824-02","url":null,"abstract":"DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome or velocardiofacial syndrome, is one of the most common microdeletion syndromes in humans. Developmental delay, intellectual disability, congenital cardiac and gross vessel anomalies, hypocalcemia, and hearing loss may be seen and characterized by dysmorphic facial features. The syndrome has high risk for psychiatric disorders, specifically intellectual disability and psychotic disorders. Dysmorphic features may be overlooked and the diagnosis may be delayed for years. We explore a case of DGS with intellectual disability and atypical psychotic symptoms. A 19-year-old female patient had atypical psychotic symptoms, dysmorphic facial features, and unilateral hearing loss. Intellectual disability was detected in the IQ test evaluation. A detailed investigation and genetic evaluation resulted in a diagnosis of DGS. This case report highlights the variable clinical presentation of DGS in each patient and the need for a multidisciplinary methodology to diagnose and treat it. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):432–435.]","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230806-01
Tülay Yıldırım Üşenmez, Funda Kavak Budak, Mehmet Osman Ayhan
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-esteem on loneliness in persons with schizophrenia. This study was conducted between August 2020 and August 2021 at a community mental health center affiliated with a research and training hospital in Turkey. This was a cross-sectional study that included 100 individuals with schizophrenia. A Descriptive Characteristics Form (DCF), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS) were used for data collection. The individuals' total mean scores were 2.47 ± 1.24 for RSES and 56.42 ± 10.00 for UCLA-LS. A moderate negative correlation was found between these scores ( r = −0.526, P < 0.01). The results revealed that the persons with schizophrenia had a moderate level of self-esteem and a high level of loneliness, possibly indicating that as self-esteem increases, loneliness levels may decrease. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):419–424.]
本研究的目的是评估自尊对精神分裂症患者孤独感的影响。这项研究于2020年8月至2021年8月在土耳其一家研究和培训医院附属的社区精神卫生中心进行。这是一项包括100名精神分裂症患者的横断面研究。采用描述性特征表(DCF)、Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)和加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表(UCLA-LS)进行数据收集。RSES评分为2.47±1.24分,UCLA-LS评分为56.42±10.00分。这些评分之间存在中度负相关(r = - 0.526, P <0.01)。结果显示,精神分裂症患者有中等程度的自尊和高度的孤独感,这可能表明随着自尊的增加,孤独感可能会减少。[精神病医生安。]2023; 53(9): 419 - 424。)
{"title":"The Effect of Self-Esteem on Loneliness in Individuals With Schizophrenia","authors":"Tülay Yıldırım Üşenmez, Funda Kavak Budak, Mehmet Osman Ayhan","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230806-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230806-01","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-esteem on loneliness in persons with schizophrenia. This study was conducted between August 2020 and August 2021 at a community mental health center affiliated with a research and training hospital in Turkey. This was a cross-sectional study that included 100 individuals with schizophrenia. A Descriptive Characteristics Form (DCF), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS) were used for data collection. The individuals' total mean scores were 2.47 ± 1.24 for RSES and 56.42 ± 10.00 for UCLA-LS. A moderate negative correlation was found between these scores ( r = −0.526, P < 0.01). The results revealed that the persons with schizophrenia had a moderate level of self-esteem and a high level of loneliness, possibly indicating that as self-esteem increases, loneliness levels may decrease. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):419–424.]","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230820-02
Dustin DeMoss
Measurement-based care has improved patient health outcomes by adding precision to clinical decision making at the patient level, when implemented correctly, across health care systems. Payors and system administrators also use measurements to assess program performance and inform resource allocation. This article describes frustrations and unintended consequences experienced by patients, psychiatric providers, administrators, and health systems when exuberant measurement, often without clearly stated goals, is promulgated with insufficient consideration as to the purpose, selection, and timing of these measurements by administrators and health systems. We propose some principles to inform when, how, by whom, and what to measure in managing the care of psychiatric patients. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):410–414.]
{"title":"To Measure or Not to Measure: Perspectives of Measurement-Based Care From the Trenches","authors":"Dustin DeMoss","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230820-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230820-02","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement-based care has improved patient health outcomes by adding precision to clinical decision making at the patient level, when implemented correctly, across health care systems. Payors and system administrators also use measurements to assess program performance and inform resource allocation. This article describes frustrations and unintended consequences experienced by patients, psychiatric providers, administrators, and health systems when exuberant measurement, often without clearly stated goals, is promulgated with insufficient consideration as to the purpose, selection, and timing of these measurements by administrators and health systems. We propose some principles to inform when, how, by whom, and what to measure in managing the care of psychiatric patients. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):410–414.]","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230818-01
Robert D. Gibbons, Philip S. Wang
In this article, we compare and contrast mental health measurement based on classical test theory (CTT) with computerized adaptive testing (CAT) based on multidimensional item response theory (MIRT). We show that MIRT-based CAT has numerous advantages over the traditional CTT approach in terms of maximizing the precision of measurement while at the same time decreasing the burden of measurement both for the clinician and patient. We review the literature on CAT for depression, anxiety, mania/hypomania, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidality psychosis, and substance use disorders. We highlight two interesting applications, one for national prevalence determination, and one for student mental health. Applications to special populations where item-level bias may exist and integration with electronic medical records systems are also discussed. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):400–404.]
{"title":"The Science of Psychiatric Measurement","authors":"Robert D. Gibbons, Philip S. Wang","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230818-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230818-01","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we compare and contrast mental health measurement based on classical test theory (CTT) with computerized adaptive testing (CAT) based on multidimensional item response theory (MIRT). We show that MIRT-based CAT has numerous advantages over the traditional CTT approach in terms of maximizing the precision of measurement while at the same time decreasing the burden of measurement both for the clinician and patient. We review the literature on CAT for depression, anxiety, mania/hypomania, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidality psychosis, and substance use disorders. We highlight two interesting applications, one for national prevalence determination, and one for student mental health. Applications to special populations where item-level bias may exist and integration with electronic medical records systems are also discussed. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):400–404.]","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230720-01
Hasan Bakay, Sakir Gica, Esra Cinar Tanriverdi, Mine Sahingoz
Vaccination has played an important role in combating the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of personality traits that may be associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The study included 468 participants. A sociodemographic data form and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised – Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A) were filled out via an online survey. The mean score of the EPQR-A psychoticism and lie subscales were significantly higher in unvaccinated participants. Further analyses revealed that having psychoticism personality and lying explicitly predicted the probability of being unvaccinated. These results suggest that there is a relationship between personality characteristics and attitude towards vaccination. Our findings may guide health care professionals and policy makers in achieving herd immunity. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):425–431.]
{"title":"Examination of Personality Traits in Predicting COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Community-Based Survey Study","authors":"Hasan Bakay, Sakir Gica, Esra Cinar Tanriverdi, Mine Sahingoz","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230720-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230720-01","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination has played an important role in combating the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of personality traits that may be associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The study included 468 participants. A sociodemographic data form and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised – Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A) were filled out via an online survey. The mean score of the EPQR-A psychoticism and lie subscales were significantly higher in unvaccinated participants. Further analyses revealed that having psychoticism personality and lying explicitly predicted the probability of being unvaccinated. These results suggest that there is a relationship between personality characteristics and attitude towards vaccination. Our findings may guide health care professionals and policy makers in achieving herd immunity. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(9):425–431.]","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230820-01
Hisham M. Ibrahim, Manish Kumar Jha
Use of measurement-based care (MBC) in depression includes the systematic administration of validated clinical measurement tools to guide the screening, assessment, treatment, and monitoring of clinical outcomes in patients with depression. In clinical practice, MBC can be used to screen for and assess severity of depressive symptoms, and guide treatment selection and change in type of treatment when clinical improvement is insufficient. In addition to identifying depressive symptoms, MBC can also help detect co-existing psychiatric conditions to inform more precise treatment selection. Furthermore, the MBC approach entails regular assessments of symptom severity, adherence, and side effects, which facilitates timely and vigorous dose adjustments of antidepressants to improve clinical outcomes. MBC can also be used to monitor specific symptoms that are associated with poor depression outcomes to allow acute-phase prognostication of treatment outcomes. The authors conclude that the MBC approach has many evidence-based benefits compared to the usual care and should be incorporated into the clinical care of patients with depression. [ Psychiatr Ann. 2023;53(9):395–399.]
{"title":"Measurement-Based Care for Depression: Personalized Management Approaches for Optimized Treatment Outcomes","authors":"Hisham M. Ibrahim, Manish Kumar Jha","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230820-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230820-01","url":null,"abstract":"Use of measurement-based care (MBC) in depression includes the systematic administration of validated clinical measurement tools to guide the screening, assessment, treatment, and monitoring of clinical outcomes in patients with depression. In clinical practice, MBC can be used to screen for and assess severity of depressive symptoms, and guide treatment selection and change in type of treatment when clinical improvement is insufficient. In addition to identifying depressive symptoms, MBC can also help detect co-existing psychiatric conditions to inform more precise treatment selection. Furthermore, the MBC approach entails regular assessments of symptom severity, adherence, and side effects, which facilitates timely and vigorous dose adjustments of antidepressants to improve clinical outcomes. MBC can also be used to monitor specific symptoms that are associated with poor depression outcomes to allow acute-phase prognostication of treatment outcomes. The authors conclude that the MBC approach has many evidence-based benefits compared to the usual care and should be incorporated into the clinical care of patients with depression. [ Psychiatr Ann. 2023;53(9):395–399.]","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230828-03
Andrew A. Nierenberg
{"title":"Suicide on the Rise","authors":"Andrew A. Nierenberg","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230828-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230828-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230824-01
A. John Rush
{"title":"Measurement in Psychiatry: the Good, the Challenges, and the Ugly","authors":"A. John Rush","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230824-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230824-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}