Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230619-01
I. Glick
This article presents an overview of the history of psychopharmacology. We speculate on its future development as it bears on psychiatric practice. To do this, we first describe chronologically a history of the reactions to and treatments of the “mentally ill” over time, followed by a short history of groundbreaking developments and advances in clinical medicine. We then examine treatment practices and models of drug development from the past, which provide the foundation for the development of modern psychopharmacology practice. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(7):305–309.]
{"title":"A Short History of the Field of Psychopharmacology and Its Effects on Psychopharmacology Practice","authors":"I. Glick","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230619-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230619-01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents an overview of the history of psychopharmacology. We speculate on its future development as it bears on psychiatric practice. To do this, we first describe chronologically a history of the reactions to and treatments of the “mentally ill” over time, followed by a short history of groundbreaking developments and advances in clinical medicine. We then examine treatment practices and models of drug development from the past, which provide the foundation for the development of modern psychopharmacology practice.\u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann\u0000 . 2023;53(7):305–309.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43388863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230626-01
A. Nierenberg
{"title":"On the Lack, Difficulty, and Need of Reliability in Psychiatry","authors":"A. Nierenberg","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230626-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230626-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48793903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230526-01
Vaishalee Namdev, A. Polnikov, Tolulope A Fatuki, V. Stetsenko, V. Bellman
Russia has nearly the highest incidence of suicide among children and teenagers in the world. We attempted to create one of the most comprehensive in-depth reviews on this important topic, which is highly relevant for accelerating progress in reducing the thousands of suicides of children and adolescents, most of which are the result of easily preventable or treatable conditions. We analyzed the published data (in both English and Russian) on the prevalence of suicide in minors, current trends related to the phenomenon, and its possible causes. This report shows that suicide is the leading cause of death in Russia for children and teenagers, with the rate among girls exceeding that of boys. The suicide rate in this age category has increased in the last decade and is still growing. We hope that this report will assist health care providers in identifying and managing Russian adolescents at risk for suicide. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(7):314–324.]
{"title":"Why Hundreds of Russian Teenagers Die Every Year","authors":"Vaishalee Namdev, A. Polnikov, Tolulope A Fatuki, V. Stetsenko, V. Bellman","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230526-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230526-01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Russia has nearly the highest incidence of suicide among children and teenagers in the world. We attempted to create one of the most comprehensive in-depth reviews on this important topic, which is highly relevant for accelerating progress in reducing the thousands of suicides of children and adolescents, most of which are the result of easily preventable or treatable conditions. We analyzed the published data (in both English and Russian) on the prevalence of suicide in minors, current trends related to the phenomenon, and its possible causes. This report shows that suicide is the leading cause of death in Russia for children and teenagers, with the rate among girls exceeding that of boys. The suicide rate in this age category has increased in the last decade and is still growing. We hope that this report will assist health care providers in identifying and managing Russian adolescents at risk for suicide.\u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann\u0000 . 2023;53(7):314–324.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46787808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230613-02
Shashank V. Joshi, A. Glowinski
This article highlights the importance of attending to the relational aspects of psychopharmacological work with diverse youth and families. While technical and scientific knowledge remain the focus of medical education, the therapeutic skills known as “nonspecific” treatment factors or “common factors” can also be deconstructed, taught, and examined. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(7):298–300.]
{"title":"Principles of High-Quality Pediatric Pharmacotherapy","authors":"Shashank V. Joshi, A. Glowinski","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230613-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230613-02","url":null,"abstract":"This article highlights the importance of attending to the relational aspects of psychopharmacological work with diverse youth and families. While technical and scientific knowledge remain the focus of medical education, the therapeutic skills known as “nonspecific” treatment factors or “common factors” can also be deconstructed, taught, and examined.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann\u0000 . 2023;53(7):298–300.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45476906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230607-01
Gonca Buran, S. Çankaya
Menopause is a significant time in the life of women, and they may experience social appearance anxiety in addition to their menopausal complaints during this period. This study aimed to determine the effect of women's menopausal complaints and social appearance anxieties on their level of depression, stress, and anxiety. The sample of this cross-sectional study included women ( n = 305) who applied to the gynecology polyclinic, were between 40 and 65 years old, and had not been menstruating at least for a year. Study data were collected using the following tools: the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). One unit of increase in the women's total MRS and SAAS scale scores caused 0.597 points of increase in the depression subscale of the DASS-21 scale ( R 2 = 0.135, F (3;304) = 150.962; P < 0.001). As the menopausal complaints and social appearance concerns of women increase during menopause, their stress, anxiety, and depression levels also increase. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(7):325–332.]
{"title":"Effect of Women's Menopausal Complaints and Social Appearance Anxiety on Their Level of Depression, Stress, and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Gonca Buran, S. Çankaya","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230607-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230607-01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Menopause is a significant time in the life of women, and they may experience social appearance anxiety in addition to their menopausal complaints during this period. This study aimed to determine the effect of women's menopausal complaints and social appearance anxieties on their level of depression, stress, and anxiety. The sample of this cross-sectional study included women (\u0000 n\u0000 = 305) who applied to the gynecology polyclinic, were between 40 and 65 years old, and had not been menstruating at least for a year. Study data were collected using the following tools: the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). One unit of increase in the women's total MRS and SAAS scale scores caused 0.597 points of increase in the depression subscale of the DASS-21 scale (\u0000 R\u0000 2\u0000 = 0.135,\u0000 F\u0000 (3;304) = 150.962;\u0000 P\u0000 < 0.001). As the menopausal complaints and social appearance concerns of women increase during menopause, their stress, anxiety, and depression levels also increase.\u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann\u0000 . 2023;53(7):325–332.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48308462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230614-01
I. Glick
As the science and the data underlying psychopharmacology treatments has become roughly equal to the science underlying medical illness, the level of quality care to achieve psychopharmacology clinical competence in practice has become more difficult for clinicians. This article aims to fill the gap in teaching psychopharmacology and raise the quality level by describing the core tasks for prescribing quality clinical psychopharmacology. We describe reasons why the quality is low, the most common clinical practices that are not being done, and most importantly, delineate the necessary elements for initial and ongoing follow-up visits. The goal is an integrated approach incorporating objective, subjective, and relational factors in psychopharmacology practice. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(7):294–297.]
{"title":"Improving Efficiency and Effectiveness of Psychopharmacology Practice: What Must Be Done and What Shouldn't Be Done","authors":"I. Glick","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230614-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230614-01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As the science and the data underlying psychopharmacology treatments has become roughly equal to the science underlying medical illness, the level of quality care to achieve psychopharmacology clinical competence in practice has become more difficult for clinicians. This article aims to fill the gap in teaching psychopharmacology and raise the quality level by describing the core tasks for prescribing quality clinical psychopharmacology. We describe reasons why the quality is low, the most common clinical practices that are not being done, and most importantly, delineate the necessary elements for initial and ongoing follow-up visits. The goal is an integrated approach incorporating objective, subjective, and relational factors in psychopharmacology practice.\u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann\u0000 . 2023;53(7):294–297.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48852870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230613-01
Danielle Kamis, I. Glick
Mental health is a critical component of overall well-being, yet women face unique challenges when it comes to mental health. Mental illness can present distinctly in women versus men and there are differences of prevalence in specific psychiatric diagnoses as well. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) reports that nearly one in five women in the United States experiences a mental health condition each year. Despite this, women are often underrepresented in clinical trials and may not receive appropriate care for their mental health needs. This article will explore the importance of quality psychopharmacology for women, with a focus on the particular considerations that must be taken into account when treating mental health conditions in women. [ Psychiatr Ann. 2023;53(7):301–304.]
{"title":"Quality Psychopharmacology: Focus on Women","authors":"Danielle Kamis, I. Glick","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230613-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230613-01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mental health is a critical component of overall well-being, yet women face unique challenges when it comes to mental health. Mental illness can present distinctly in women versus men and there are differences of prevalence in specific psychiatric diagnoses as well. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) reports that nearly one in five women in the United States experiences a mental health condition each year. Despite this, women are often underrepresented in clinical trials and may not receive appropriate care for their mental health needs. This article will explore the importance of quality psychopharmacology for women, with a focus on the particular considerations that must be taken into account when treating mental health conditions in women.\u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann.\u0000 2023;53(7):301–304.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45198028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230420-01
A. Algul, İbrahim Gündoğmuş
We investigated basal metabolic rate (BMR) in male patients with drug-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) in order to explore the hypothesis that a reduced BMR plays a role in severity of illness. The study was conducted with a total of 59 drug-naïve FEP patients, 41 of whom were severe and 18 nonsevere. BMR was measured using Body-Gem Analyzer 3.0 Metabolism Measurement Device indirect calorimetry. At the same time, the clinical characteristics and laboratory tests of the participants were measured. The patients were divided into two groups as severe and nonsevere according to the Clinical Global Impression-Severity. At the end of measurement, the BMR was compared between patients with severe and nonsevere illness. BMR of patients with severe illness was found to be statistically significantly lower than BMR of patients with nonsevere illness. Another finding of the study is that in patients with severe FEP we can expect BMR values below the cut-offvalue of 1,830 kcal/day. The study provides evidence that BMR is reduced with severity of illness in drug-naïve FEP patients. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(6):264–269.]
{"title":"Basal Metabolic Rate Related to Metabolic and Clinical Features in Male Patients With First-Episode Psychosis","authors":"A. Algul, İbrahim Gündoğmuş","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230420-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230420-01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We investigated basal metabolic rate (BMR) in male patients with drug-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) in order to explore the hypothesis that a reduced BMR plays a role in severity of illness. The study was conducted with a total of 59 drug-naïve FEP patients, 41 of whom were severe and 18 nonsevere. BMR was measured using Body-Gem Analyzer 3.0 Metabolism Measurement Device indirect calorimetry. At the same time, the clinical characteristics and laboratory tests of the participants were measured. The patients were divided into two groups as severe and nonsevere according to the Clinical Global Impression-Severity. At the end of measurement, the BMR was compared between patients with severe and nonsevere illness. BMR of patients with severe illness was found to be statistically significantly lower than BMR of patients with nonsevere illness. Another finding of the study is that in patients with severe FEP we can expect BMR values below the cut-offvalue of 1,830 kcal/day. The study provides evidence that BMR is reduced with severity of illness in drug-naïve FEP patients.\u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann\u0000 . 2023;53(6):264–269.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70047393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20230516-01
M. F. de Almeida, A. Crippa
Recently, there has been significant interest in using cannabidiol (CBD) in the pediatric population. Robust evidence exists for the anticonvulsant action of CBD in some childhood epileptic syndromes, and CBD can reduce anxiety symptoms, stereotyped behavior, hyperactivity, and sleep disorders. However, there are other diseases, such as fragile X syndrome and conditions resulting in intellectual disability, in which CBD use is developing. This article provides the reader with a discussion of the current scientific evidence regarding the use of CBD in the pediatric population. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(6):256–258.]
{"title":"Cannabidiol in the Pediatric Population","authors":"M. F. de Almeida, A. Crippa","doi":"10.3928/00485713-20230516-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20230516-01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recently, there has been significant interest in using cannabidiol (CBD) in the pediatric population. Robust evidence exists for the anticonvulsant action of CBD in some childhood epileptic syndromes, and CBD can reduce anxiety symptoms, stereotyped behavior, hyperactivity, and sleep disorders. However, there are other diseases, such as fragile X syndrome and conditions resulting in intellectual disability, in which CBD use is developing. This article provides the reader with a discussion of the current scientific evidence regarding the use of CBD in the pediatric population.\u0000 \u0000 [\u0000 Psychiatr Ann\u0000 . 2023;53(6):256–258.]\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":20917,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatric Annals","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47499173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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