Radiologia diagnostica最新文献

The paper describes the foundations of immunoscintigraphy and its value for initial and follow-up investigation of ovarian carcinoma in comparison with established methods and the "second look". It appeared, that immunoscintigraphy is superior to computed tomography especially in case of large and diffuse processes as peritoneal carcinosis and allows a classification of morphologically hardly accessible tissue structures into benign (scars, strictures etc.) and malign structures (recidives, metastases, peritoneal carcinosis). Therefore in case of clinically suspected recidives immunoscintigraphy is recommended in case of a negative CT-investigation.

A new roentgenologic method for the digital processing of bronchograms and bronchozonograms is described. It has several advantages compared with methods from coherent optics. It provides improved sharpness and contour visibility of the contrasted bronchi and their details by shading correction and alternative positive or negative display mode and therefore improved image quality compared with conventional bronchograms and bronchozonograms. The accuracy of measurements of bronchial lumina and the evaluation of bronchial patency is significantly improved.

With quantitative computed tomography an exact determination of the bone mineral content is possible. For the diagnosis of osteopenia therapy relevant data become available. This requires a quick introduction of this method into routine diagnosis. We give first experiences with the reproducibility of the results and a comparison with conventional roentgenomorphometric and structure-analytic methods for the evaluation of the bone status. It is primarily necessary to establish reference values specific for the GDR population.

A check was made on 594 X-ray examinations of ambulant oral surgery patients (= 1378 single pictures in several radiographic techniques). A good quality had 72% of the pictures. A decreased quality had 23% of them. A diagnosis was still possible. 5% of pictures were useless. Radiographic techniques were used in 8% of the 594 X-ray examinations with not optimal methods for the intended aim. In these cases it were better to change to other methods (other focussing or other apparatus).

Since several years percutaneous balloon dilatation has gained more and more importance as a method circumventing thoracotomy. Induced by the results in the international literature [1-14] we performed successfully percutaneous pulmonary balloon dilatations in 8 patients between June 1988 and March 1990. Three patients (aged 6.5 to 27 years) had an isolated, prevailing valvular pulmonary stenosis, while the five others had a complex congenital anomaly with valvular and subvalvular pulmonary stenosis. The paper reports the results of pulmonary balloon dilatations in the latter five patients.

The evaluation of cardiac function alone from pressure and volume data can lead to misinterpretations. By linking of pressure and volume data a variety of new parameters can be calculated. Computer techniques allow the evaluation not only of cardiac work, but also of acceleration work and the efficiency of heart power. As an example of double blind study with CHD patients the measurement of such parameters under invasive diagnostics is demonstrated, facilitating a detailed evaluation of cardiac function.

In 194 patients with tumourous kidney disease an angiographic investigation with the oily x-ray contrast medium Iodolipol was carried out. A selective tropism of oily-x-ray contrast media was found that was only retained in zones of malignant disease. The application of the preparation caused no complications. The oily x-ray contrast medium persisted in the tumours over several weeks or months. After embolization of the renal artery a moderate size reduction of malignant tumours in the first 10-14 d was seen. The ability of Iodolipol for a lasting retainment in malignant tumour tissue allows a follow-up of the involution of the pathologic focus after arterial embolization of the tumour vessels.

An optimal detection and subsequent documentation of tumour development with imaging methods is achieved with transrectal sonography combined with biopsy. In bladder carcinoma the penetration through the cystic wall and infiltration into adjacent organs and the lymph nodes is detected by computed tomography or better by magnetic resonance tomography.

The discovery of x-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895 immediately opened several fields of application in medicine. We attempt to demonstrate this development for the surgical applications of radiology at the medical faculty of Leipzig university.