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Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 1最新文献

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Study on Enhancement of Adhesion Force and Surface Conductivity of Graphene Oxide Films using Different Solvents 不同溶剂增强氧化石墨烯薄膜附着力和表面导电性的研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/10890d
M. Shahat, A. Ghitas, F. El-Hossary, A. El-Rahman, M. Fawey
In this work, the nanotechnology procedure was utilized to improve both the adhesion force and surface properties of graphene oxide (GO) films. GO has been obtained in a powder form by oxidation purified graphite using the modified Hummer’s technique. Different films of GO nanoparticles (NPs) were deposited using several types of solvents distilled water, acetone, ethanol, dimethylformamide (DMF) or ethylene glycol. The examination of structural and optical properties of GO films was studied by XRD and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, electrical properties, surface roughness, contact angle, adhesion force, wetting energy and spreading coefficient were investigated. It was observed that the properties of the prepared films are influenced by the solvent type. The electrical resistivity of films is highly dependent on the solvent type which exhibited the lowest value with distilled water. Furthermore, GO film synthesized with distilled water has the best values of adhesion force and average surface roughness (Ra) 143.4 mN/m and ~ 7.83 µm, respectively. These results are mostly attributed to hydrophilic cites and GO NPs agglomeration in the surface of films and the effects of their size leading to an expansion in the surface roughness.
在这项工作中,纳米技术被用于提高氧化石墨烯(GO)薄膜的附着力和表面性能。使用改进的悍马技术,氧化纯化石墨得到了粉末形式的氧化石墨烯。采用蒸馏水、丙酮、乙醇、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或乙二醇等溶剂制备氧化石墨烯纳米颗粒膜。采用XRD和紫外-可见吸收光谱对氧化石墨烯薄膜的结构和光学性能进行了表征。研究了材料的电学性能、表面粗糙度、接触角、粘附力、润湿能和扩散系数。观察到溶剂类型对薄膜性能的影响。薄膜的电阻率与溶剂类型有很大关系,在蒸馏水中电阻率最低。用蒸馏水合成的氧化石墨烯膜附着力和平均表面粗糙度(Ra)分别为143.4 mN/m和~ 7.83µm。这些结果主要归因于亲水性城市和氧化石墨烯纳米粒子在薄膜表面的聚集,以及它们的尺寸的影响导致表面粗糙度的扩大。
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引用次数: 0
An Investigation of Modal Fibre Based on Absorption Characteristics 基于吸收特性的模态纤维研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/3077f
K. Priya, J. Moses
Modal was first introduced by Lenzing AG Company of Austria who trade named the fabrics identity. Modal is very soft, shiny in nature and silk feel than mercerized cotton with the ability to absorb up to 50% more water than cotton. Fabric made from modal drape well and do not pile like cotton. In this study, modal fabrics (woven and knitted) are selected and conventionally pretreated and subjected with 98% formic acid in different concentrations. The formic acid treated modal fabrics were then undergone for different testings. These treatments on modal fabrics were correspondingly compared with those of cotton for its effectiveness. Also compared with the no formic acid treated modal fabric and cotton fabric respectively.
Modal最早是由奥地利Lenzing AG公司引入的,该公司以纺织品的身份命名。莫代尔是非常柔软,光泽的性质和丝绸的感觉比丝光棉的能力,吸收高达50%的水比棉花多。莫代尔制成的织物悬垂性好,不像棉那样起堆。在这项研究中,莫代尔织物(机织和针织)选择和常规预处理和98%的甲酸在不同浓度。然后对甲酸处理的模态织物进行了不同的测试。并与棉织物的处理效果进行了比较。并分别与未经甲酸处理的莫代尔织物和棉织物进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Temperature Dependence of Volume Thermal Expansion of Nanomaterials Using New Integral Form of Equation of State (IFEOS) 基于新积分形式的状态方程(IFEOS)研究纳米材料体积热膨胀的温度依赖性
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/11210d
Mahipal Singh, Madan Singh
The volume thermal expansion of nanomaterials under the influence of temperature has been studied using a new integral form of equation of state (IFEOS). A wide variety of nanomaterials such as fullerene (C60), 20 nm-Ni, 15 nm-(80Ni+20Fe), n-ZnO, n-TiO2 and n-NiO has been considered to analyse the influence of temperature on them. The acquired results were compared to existing experimental data as well as other theoretical approaches. The validity of the newly established integral form of equation of state (IFEOS) for nanomaterials is supported by excellent agreement between theory and current experimental data.
采用一种新的积分形式的状态方程(IFEOS)研究了温度影响下纳米材料的体积热膨胀。研究了富勒烯(C60)、20nm - ni、15nm -(80Ni+20Fe)、n-ZnO、n-TiO2和n-NiO等多种纳米材料,分析了温度对它们的影响。所得结果与已有的实验数据以及其他理论方法进行了比较。新建立的纳米材料状态方程积分形式(IFEOS)的有效性得到了理论与实验数据良好吻合的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Single Excited Molecular Orbitals’ Contribution in Uv-Vis Absorption of Dichloride-bis(5,7- dichloroquinolin-8-olato)tin(IV): A Recent Study 单激发分子轨道对二氯-二(5,7-二氯喹啉-8-奥拉托)锡紫外-可见吸收的贡献(IV
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/10911d
A. Allahi, M. Fathi, E. Mohajerani
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引用次数: 0
Analysing the Impact Strength of Polymer Composite Materials (PCM) Fiber Reinforced in the Fiberboat Application 聚合物复合材料(PCM)纤维增强材料在纤维船中的冲击强度分析
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/2857f
Rezza Ruzuqi
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引用次数: 0
Analytical Techniques for Determining Chloropyrifos in Fruits and Vegetables 果蔬中毒死蜱的测定方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/10980d
N. Venugopal, B. Sumalatha, S. Bonthula
Highly sensitive spectrophotometric and gas chromatographic methods were developed for the determination of chloropyrifos. Alkaline hydrolysis of chloropyrifos to 1,2,4-trichloropyridine was the basis followed by coupling with congored in presence of nitric acid. The absorption maxima of blue color formed at 800-900C was formed at 605nm.Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 0.5-5.7 ppm. The standard deviation was found to be ± 0.005.The method was free from other pesticide interferences. The method was applied to various fruits and vegetables procured at various agricultural fields at sabbavaram area, Visakhapatnam, India and found satisfactory. Keeping in view of extensive use of pesticides on fruits and vegetables damaging the ecological balance. Determination of pesticide residue in The various vegetables collected are cauliflower, potato, spinach, and fruits suchas pinkapple, grapes etc were analysed by using Gas –chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). GC-ECD has great potential for determining organochlorine pesticides in food extracts at low levels.  Residues were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate (1:1% V/V).Clean up procedure was carried by applying solid phase extraction column. The recoveries of chloropyrifos pesticide in fruits and vegetables selected were in the range of 80 to 98% fortified at 0.5 mg/Kg. Some grape samples showed above the limit of quantification.
建立了高灵敏度的分光光度法和气相色谱法测定毒死蜱的方法。以毒死蜱碱水解制得1,2,4-三氯吡啶为基础,然后在硝酸存在下与conconred偶联。在605nm处形成800-900C的蓝色吸收最大值。在0.5-5.7 ppm范围内,遵循Beer定律。标准偏差为±0.005。该方法不受其他农药干扰。该方法应用于印度维萨卡帕特南sabbavaram地区不同农田采购的各种水果和蔬菜,结果令人满意。考虑到在水果和蔬菜上广泛使用农药破坏生态平衡。采用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)对采集到的菜花、马铃薯、菠菜、水果(红苹果、葡萄等)中的农药残留进行了分析。气相色谱- ecd测定食品提取物中低水平有机氯农药具有很大的潜力。残留物用己烷、二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯(1:1% V/V)萃取。采用固相萃取柱进行净化。在所选水果和蔬菜中,以0.5 mg/Kg浓度强化毒死蜱的回收率为80% ~ 98%。部分葡萄样品含量超标。
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引用次数: 0
Study on a Machine Design of Chocolate Extrusion Based Co-rotating Twin Screw Extruder: A Review 基于同向旋转双螺杆挤出机的巧克力挤出机设计研究综述
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/10583d
P. Pitayachaval, P. Watcharamaisakul
Based on innovation and competitive market for food industry, there are several food products which have been designed to attract customer. Since there is USD 39,431 millions of chocolate sales in 2018, USA [1], chocolate product shapes have been developed based on manufacturing process.This paper presents a review process of a machine design of chocolate extrusion based co-rotating twin screw extruder. A property of suitable chocolate for extruder was established. The pros and cons of machine extruder for food processing including, a screw extruder design were exposed. Since there were problems in the chocolate extruder, the process parameters such as barrel temperatures, feed rate, screw speed, motor load and melt pressure were established. These parameters would be applied to design screw extruder for chocolate processing.
基于食品工业的创新和竞争市场,有几种食品产品被设计来吸引顾客。由于2018年美国的巧克力销售额为394.31亿美元[1],因此巧克力产品的形状已经根据制造工艺进行了开发。介绍了一种基于同向旋转双螺杆挤出机的巧克力挤出机的机械设计过程。确定了适合挤出机使用的巧克力的性能。介绍了机械挤出机在食品加工中的优缺点,包括螺杆挤出机的设计。针对巧克力挤出机存在的问题,建立了机筒温度、进料速度、螺杆转速、电机负荷、熔体压力等工艺参数。这些参数可用于巧克力加工螺杆挤出机的设计。
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引用次数: 0
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Lean Duplex Steel in 3.5% Sodium Chloride Solution 贫双相钢在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/10292d
M. Shahid, A. Jadoon, Qanita Tayyaba, H. Farooq
Duplex stainless steels (DSS) exhibit attractive combination of austenitic and ferritic properties and have been extensively used in various industries such as petrochemical, pulp and paper etc. They demonstrate better corrosion resistance, especially chloride stress corrosion and chloride pitting corrosion, and exhibit higher strength than standard austenitic stainless steels. For these reasons, they are excellent candidate for offshore oil and gas industry. In the present study, stress corrosion behaviour of duplex stainless steel in 3.5% sodium chloride solution, has been investigated by weight loss measurements, electrochemical corrosion testing and slow strain rate test (SSRT). Weight loss data showed no significant corrosion after 1700 hours. Electrochemical polarization test in 3.5% NaCl solution exhibited a uniform corrosion rate of 0.008 mpy showing passivity in the range of 735–950 mV Vs SSC. A comparison of the slow strain rate test for duplex stainless steel in 3.5% NaCl solution also showed a similar stress-strain behaviour. In contrast, the stress-strain behaviour of mild steel showed a loss of about 25% elongation. The excellent corrosion and especially the pitting resistance was considered to be responsible for maintaining good ductility in DSS.
双相不锈钢(DSS)具有奥氏体和铁素体相结合的优异性能,广泛应用于石油化工、纸浆、造纸等行业。它们具有更好的耐蚀性,特别是氯化物应力腐蚀和氯化物点蚀,并表现出比标准奥氏体不锈钢更高的强度。由于这些原因,它们是海上油气行业的优秀候选者。采用失重法、电化学腐蚀试验和慢应变速率试验(SSRT)研究了双相不锈钢在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的应力腐蚀行为。1700小时后失重数据显示无明显腐蚀。在3.5% NaCl溶液中进行电化学极化试验,腐蚀速率为0.008 mpy,钝化范围为735 ~ 950 mV Vs SSC。双相不锈钢在3.5% NaCl溶液中的慢应变速率试验也显示出相似的应力-应变行为。相比之下,低碳钢的应力-应变行为表现出约25%的伸长率损失。优良的耐蚀性,特别是抗点蚀性被认为是DSS保持良好延展性的原因。
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引用次数: 0
The Environment of Cognitive-Contextual Software Design: A Study Concept to Implementation 认知-语境软件设计的环境:从研究概念到实现
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/10644d
I. R. Alexei
Two main points of the objectives to design software systems (SS) have been considered: achieving proper functioning of the SS with consistent results, and the possibility to obtain reliable assessments of the Software System quality depending on the initial requirements. A cognitive-contextual design strategy has been proposed that can significantly improve the perception of actual elements of the design task by creating a context with selected formalized conditions, and enhance cognitive coherence of the project elements throughout the Software System lifecycle.
设计软件系统(SS)的两个主要目标已被考虑:实现具有一致结果的SS的适当功能,以及根据初始需求获得可靠的软件系统质量评估的可能性。已经提出了一种认知-上下文设计策略,通过创建具有选定的形式化条件的上下文,可以显著提高对设计任务实际元素的感知,并增强整个软件系统生命周期中项目元素的认知一致性。
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引用次数: 0
Literatures Pertaining to the Definitions of Technological Innovation Capabilities in the New Millennium: A Review 新千年技术创新能力定义相关文献综述
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rtcams/v1/10681d
Sahala Siallagan, R. Silaban, A. Ali
The aim of this paper is to review the literatures on technological innovation of industries in relating to the growth of the economy in past decade. The data and ideas on this paper come primarily from review articles relating to the economic development of the nations. The level of success in innovation in the various technology differs among countries because of the different national background and cultures. Innovation technology has always played a critical role for the long-term survival of organizations. This paper serves as a description to the researchers in predicting for the next future study to improve the better quality and standard of living. Innovation also plays an important role in constructing the economy, in expanding and sustaining the high performance of companies, in improving the standard of living and in creating a better quality of life.
本文旨在回顾近十年来有关产业技术创新与经济增长关系的文献。本文的数据和观点主要来自与各国经济发展有关的评论文章。由于国家背景和文化的不同,各国在各种技术创新方面的成功程度也不同。创新技术对企业的长期生存起着至关重要的作用。本文为研究人员提供了一个描述,以预测未来的研究,以提高生活质量和水平。创新在建设经济、扩大和维持公司的高绩效、提高生活水平和创造更好的生活质量方面也发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 1
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