To secure the supply of medicinal products for the Qing palace, the court took a series of measures to mobilize several institutions to participate in the operation. The operation resulted in a comprehensive, flexible, and multivariate supply system. Although many offices were involved in the system, all of them were under imperial control. The central government’s strong vertical control over the regional societies facilitated the smooth operation of the system. The collaboration of various institutions ensured the functioning of medicinal projects for the Qing court.
{"title":"The Medicine Supply System of the Qing Court","authors":"Xueling Guan","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.21","url":null,"abstract":"To secure the supply of medicinal products for the Qing palace, the court\u0000 took a series of measures to mobilize several institutions to participate in\u0000 the operation. The operation resulted in a comprehensive, flexible, and\u0000 multivariate supply system. Although many offices were involved in the\u0000 system, all of them were under imperial control. The central government’s\u0000 strong vertical control over the regional societies facilitated the smooth\u0000 operation of the system. The collaboration of various institutions ensured\u0000 the functioning of medicinal projects for the Qing court.","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121153518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.5117/9789463720359_ch02
Kai Chen
The chapter investigates how the ‘palace machine’ of the Qing dynasty reproduced (or systematically trained) particularly skilled bannermen as ethnically-marked official experts. By mapping out these bannermen’s education, training process, and official appointments, I explain how the court system perpetuated the administrative privilege of bannermen families and how specific skills of different generations matched the particular demands of empire building projects of the Qing dynasty in different stages. I focus on a representative family, the Wanggiyan/ Wanyan clan, generations of which served the court within the institutional framework of the Imperial Household Department. Placing this extended family in the context of peer bannermen equipped with specialized skills allows me to shed light on the larger issue of the relationship between hereditary status and specialized skills in the Qing palace machine.
{"title":"Manager or Craftsman","authors":"Kai Chen","doi":"10.5117/9789463720359_ch02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463720359_ch02","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter investigates how the ‘palace machine’ of the Qing dynasty\u0000 reproduced (or systematically trained) particularly skilled bannermen as\u0000 ethnically-marked official experts. By mapping out these bannermen’s\u0000 education, training process, and official appointments, I explain how\u0000 the court system perpetuated the administrative privilege of bannermen\u0000 families and how specific skills of different generations matched the\u0000 particular demands of empire building projects of the Qing dynasty\u0000 in different stages. I focus on a representative family, the Wanggiyan/\u0000 Wanyan clan, generations of which served the court within the institutional\u0000 framework of the Imperial Household Department. Placing\u0000 this extended family in the context of peer bannermen equipped with\u0000 specialized skills allows me to shed light on the larger issue of the\u0000 relationship between hereditary status and specialized skills in the\u0000 Qing palace machine.","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133438586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.5117/9789463720359_ch04
Guangyao Wang
The imperial manufacture of porcelain in the Qing dynasty was always related to the broad state economy and politics, especially ritual. As has been revealed in administrative regulations and raw material supply, porcelain production seemed to be an independent operation like other court art production. However, as evidence regarding managerial personnel, finance, quality control, and design shows, the technology for producing porcelain was integral to other material production at court. Thus, multiple productive processes were interdependent and they influenced each other. The productive processes and products of court art showcase the character of monarchical industry.
{"title":"Piecing Shards Together","authors":"Guangyao Wang","doi":"10.5117/9789463720359_ch04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463720359_ch04","url":null,"abstract":"The imperial manufacture of porcelain in the Qing dynasty was always\u0000 related to the broad state economy and politics, especially ritual. As\u0000 has been revealed in administrative regulations and raw material supply,\u0000 porcelain production seemed to be an independent operation like\u0000 other court art production. However, as evidence regarding managerial\u0000 personnel, finance, quality control, and design shows, the technology\u0000 for producing porcelain was integral to other material production at\u0000 court. Thus, multiple productive processes were interdependent and they\u0000 influenced each other. The productive processes and products of court\u0000 art showcase the character of monarchical industry.","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125251978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.1515/9789048553228-017
Hui-chun Yu
{"title":"9 When There Is Peace, There Are Elephants","authors":"Hui-chun Yu","doi":"10.1515/9789048553228-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048553228-017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133363769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.5117/9789463720359_zhangs
Shuxian Zhang
Interior decorations were architectural components used to divide indoor space. As the palaces of the Qing court went through constant renovation, these components were replaced, refurbished, or moved. By examining archival documents together with extant architectural examples, this essay shows how the Qing court reused, sold, and recycled raw materials from old components of interior decoration in order to reduce cost.
{"title":"Moving Pieces","authors":"Shuxian Zhang","doi":"10.5117/9789463720359_zhangs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463720359_zhangs","url":null,"abstract":"Interior decorations were architectural components used to divide indoor\u0000 space. As the palaces of the Qing court went through constant renovation,\u0000 these components were replaced, refurbished, or moved. By examining\u0000 archival documents together with extant architectural examples, this\u0000 essay shows how the Qing court reused, sold, and recycled raw materials\u0000 from old components of interior decoration in order to reduce cost.","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123332912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coda","authors":"D. Ko, Kai Chen, Martin Siebert","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134530356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Focusing on the uniqueness of tapestries and embroideries based on paintings, this vignette retrieves the production process of one set of ‘embroidered paintings’ based on the same painting. These objects are outstanding pieces of artwork, often marking important historical events. The essay investigates the sequence of commissioning the painting in different media and the diverse patterns of production procedures, management, and finance in the process.
{"title":"The Story of An Image","authors":"Qiong Zhang","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.14","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the uniqueness of tapestries and embroideries based on\u0000 paintings, this vignette retrieves the production process of one set of\u0000 ‘embroidered paintings’ based on the same painting. These objects are\u0000 outstanding pieces of artwork, often marking important historical events.\u0000 The essay investigates the sequence of commissioning the painting in\u0000 different media and the diverse patterns of production procedures,\u0000 management, and finance in the process.","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128036763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter investigates how the innovation of fire-gilding techniques by the Imperial Household Department helped integrate political and religious power within the empire. During the Qianlong reign (1736-1795), Tibetan style sisa forging, rubia cordifolia burnishing, and multi-layered gilding techniques were introduced while equipping temples with resplendent brass roof tiles and gilded artefacts. The sophistication of manufacturing gilded copper objects relied on the multicultural exchange with Nepalese, Tibetan, and Xinjiang handicrafts. It also required careful management of the flow of such precious materials as gold and copper as well as the necessary labour resources in the form of skilled court and contract artisans.
{"title":"Resplendent Innovations","authors":"Te-cheng Su, Hui-Min Lai","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1tfw0z6.16","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter investigates how the innovation of fire-gilding techniques\u0000 by the Imperial Household Department helped integrate political and\u0000 religious power within the empire. During the Qianlong reign (1736-1795),\u0000 Tibetan style sisa forging, rubia cordifolia burnishing, and multi-layered\u0000 gilding techniques were introduced while equipping temples with\u0000 resplendent brass roof tiles and gilded artefacts. The sophistication of\u0000 manufacturing gilded copper objects relied on the multicultural exchange\u0000 with Nepalese, Tibetan, and Xinjiang handicrafts. It also required careful\u0000 management of the flow of such precious materials as gold and copper\u0000 as well as the necessary labour resources in the form of skilled court and\u0000 contract artisans.","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130053441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.1515/9789048553228-008
Kai Chen
{"title":"2 Manager or Craftsman","authors":"Kai Chen","doi":"10.1515/9789048553228-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048553228-008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":210612,"journal":{"name":"Making the Palace Machine Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127008516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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