Reproductive Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Anemia of pregnancy and helicobacteriosis: features of the clinical and laboratory course","authors":"V. Mishchenko, V. Mishchenko, I.V. Rudenko, I.L. Holovatyuk-Yuzefpolska","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.53-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.53-58","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical case of the course of pregnancy by trimesters of gestation, childbirth, postpartum (early, late) in a woman with anemia and helicobacteriosis is described. The materials of the medical documentation were analyzed, the peculiarities of the course of pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, laboratory indicators, echography, fibrogastroduodenoscopy were determined.A 32-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized at 33–34 weeks’ gestation, IV pregnancy. According to the clinical and laboratory examination, B12-folate-iron-deficiency anemia was diagnosed against the background of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection (titers of total IgG, IgA, IgM antibodies to Hp antigens (coefficient of positivity) were 7.65). The patient received anti-anemic, nutrient therapy before and after childbirth. Childbirth was termed and physiological. The child was born with a body weight of 3000 g and an Apgar score of 8 points.The woman was examined again 2 months after labor. Anemia of II degree was diagnosed, the Hp coefficient of positivity was increased up to 14.57. It was prescribed anti-anemic therapy aimed at eradicating Hp in accordance with the Maastricht V Consensus (2015) and stabilizing metabolic processes. Two months after treatment, the Hp coefficient of positivity decreased by 2.3 times and the levels of hemoglobin, ferritin, vitamin B12, and folic acid increased to reference values.Conclusions. It is advisable to determine the total titers of IgG, IgA, IgM antibodies to Hp antigens (coefficient of positivity) as the etiological factors of anemia in pregnant women, especially with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, hepatobiliary system and resistance to anti-anemic therapy. Helicobacteriosis affects the exchange of iron and vitamins of group B, while anemia occurs with more severe manifestations and is resistant to anti-anemic drugs.Full treatment of pregnant women with helicobacteriosis is difficult due to the possible risk of negative effects of etiotropic drugs on the fetus. Therefore, it is important to plan a pregnancy, since timely detection of infectious factors before pregnancy and full-fledged therapy help to reduce the frequency of gestational complications.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theranostics of uterine leiomyoma: present and future","authors":"О.С. Салех, D. Zhelezov, I. Hladchuk, A. Volyanska","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.95-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.95-103","url":null,"abstract":"Research objectives: to develop an algorithm for predicting the growth of uterine fibrodis, taking into account the state of epigenetic regulation.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of clinical divisions of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2018–2021. 28 patients with uterine fibroids were examined. Expression of miRNA-29b and miRNA-146a in tumor tissue was determined in all women using real-time PCR. Obtained data were analyzed using the statistical program Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA).Results. The average age of the patients was 39.3 ± 1.0 years. The average number of nodes was 2.7 ± 0.4. The expression levels of microRNA-29b were most frequently determined in the range of 2–7 units and microRNA-146a in the range of 30–67 units in most of the examined tissue samples. The expression of miRNA-29b has the greatest significance for the growth forecast (Wald statistic). According to the logistic regression equation the prognostic factors are patient’s age, estradiol and progesterone level in the I and II phases of the menstrual cycle, diameter of the largest node, expression of miRNA-29b and miRNA-146a.Conclusions. This study shows that the use of miRNA expression profile as an additional marker in the diagnosis and treatment of uterine fibroids is promising and requires more detailed research. Further study of the correlation of clinical and paraclinical parameters can make it possible to predict the course of uterine fibroids, and therefore to apply an effective personalized treatment plan. Theranostics is a new approach to the diagnosis and treatment of patients, based on the uniqueness of each person in order to choose the optimal treatment strategy against the background of the molecular genetic technologies, in particular to determine epigenetic changes in hyperproliferative diseases. The study of miRNA expression may find its place in the theranostics of uterine fibroids in the future.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium at physiological pregnancy and at its complications","authors":"V.F. Nagorna, T.A. Kulish","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.41-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.41-52","url":null,"abstract":"Sources of literature on the role of the trace element magnesium and the assosiation with calcium in physiological processes in the body of reproductive aged women and pregnant women, the importance of its main functions and role in preventing the main pregnancy complications were analyzed. Magnesium is the fourth most important extracellular cation after sodium, potassium and calcium and the second intracellular cation in importance after potassium. Many researchers have proven the participation of magnesium in almost everyone important functions in the body. Magnesium performs the following functions which are closely interconnected: metabolic, energetic, enzymatic, cardiovascular, antithrombotic, vascular, neuroprotective, structural, is an antagonist of calcium and an agonist of NMDA receptors. Magnesium realizes its functions in close interaction with cations of sodium, potassium and calcium. It acts as a calcium antagonist. It should be noted attention to the understanding of the interaction of divalent cations-competitors of magnesium and calcium. Calcium has complex influences on interaction of magnesium with blood proteins, reduces its concentration, which can affect physiological processes during pregnancy and in non-pregnant women. Today, magnesium is used only for prevention and treatment of eclampsia, in which anticonvulsants are commonly used ineffective. It can be assumed that different convulsive states have different intracellularly or extracellularly magnesium concentration is important in the pathogenesis and occurrence of eclampsia. Determination of magnesium concentration never was indicated in the recommendations for the management of preeclampsia. Magnesium use is insufficiently substantiated in cases of uterus contraction activity in any conditions (threat of abortion, premature birth) and prevention of pathological blood clot formation (as causes of multiple complications of pregnancy), neuroprotective effect on a child. The role of magnesium in the production of steroid hormones has been proven. However, this effect remains unrealized in obstetrics and gynecology practice. Data from literature sources given in the article help justify the use of magnesium and analyze its interaction with calcium during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytocompositions of ayurvedic medicine in the restoration of menstrual health in women of early reproductive age who have survived moderate and severe form of COVID-19","authors":"O.M. Nosenko, T.Ya. Moskalenko, E. Chaykivska, Din Tkhi Suan Ni","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.104-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.104-112","url":null,"abstract":"Research objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of phytotherapy in the treatment of menstrual health disorders in women of early reproductive age after a moderate and severe form of the coronavirus disease.Material and methods. 104 women of early reproductive age with menstrual health disorders that occurred 3 months later after moderate or severe COVID-19 were under observation and 34 gynecologically and somatically healthy women of the control group who did not suffer from COVID-19. Female patients with COVID-19 were randomly divided into two groups: the main group (n=53) and the comparison group (n=51). The performed examination included: study of complaints, general and gynecological anamnesis, physical and gynecological examination, ultrasound examination of pelvic organs, determination of hormonal profile. All patients with COVID-19 received a comprehensive rehabilitation program, which included diet therapy, vitamin and mineral complexes, psychotherapy. In addition to the complex rehabilitation program patients of the main group received ayurvedic phytocompositions Femicycle or Femimens for 6 months.Results. It has been established that the moderate and severe course of the coronavirus infection affects the reproductive system of early reproductive aged women and leads to menstrual health disorders, among which irregular menstruation, premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea dominate. Levels of pituitary, adrenal, ovarian and thyroid serum hormones were within the reference norm in most cases, but have statistically significant deviations from similar indicators of healthy control women who did not have COVID-19. One-third of women of early reproductive age after moderate to severe COVID-19 had elevated prolactin levels. Ayurvedic phytocompositions Femicycle and Femimens in a comprehensive rehabilitation program for post-COVID menstrual health disorders led to a faster recovery of menstrual health and a full hormonal recovery.Conclusions. Ayurvedic phytocompositions Femicycle and Femimens are effective and safe naturopathic drugs for restoring menstrual health in women of early reproductive age after experiencing moderate to severe COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolution of the IV International Menopause Expert Forum","authors":"","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.2-6","url":null,"abstract":"The IV International Menopause Expert Forum took place on November 24, 2022. The expert panel included leading endocrine gynaecologists from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, and Ukraine. The experts discussed interdisciplinary cooperation in the management of menopausal women, the eligibility criteria for menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and their implementation in routine clinical practice and developed an algorithm for switching from combined oral contraceptives (COCs) to MHT. Due to the lack of awareness and access to information and services related to menopause, interdisciplinary cooperation aimed at early detection of symptoms and diagnosis of menopausal disorders for timely treatment is paramount. The Forum participants highlighted the need for a series of steps to ensure comprehensive management of menopausal women. The Expert Forum reviewed the 2022 «Eligibility criteria for menopausal hormone therapy: a position statement from a consortium of scientific societies for the use of MHT in women with medical conditions». The developed criteria for the acceptability of different MHT types for women with comorbidities is an essential step in expanding the possibilities for the use of MHT by physicians of various therapeutic areas. Moreover, the criteria help to identify populations for whom certain types of MHT are associated with risks. Importantly, the discussed eligibility criteria are not yet universally accepted. Therefore, in routine clinical practice, when deciding whether to prescribe a particular type of MHT, it is vital to take an individual approach and assess the benefit/risk balance, considering the patient’s combination of comorbidities, medical history, as well as the strengths and components of combination MHT, particularly the gestational component.Perimenopausal women may need contraception, including COCs. In such circumstances, physicians are faced with such questions as the acceptability of prescribing or continuing to use COCs for menopausal women, as well as when and how to switch from COCs to MHT. Thus, the Forum developed an algorithm for switching from COCs to MHT.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern possibilities of correcting violations of the vaginal biotope in pregnant women at risk in wartime conditions","authors":"I. A. Zhabchenko, V. Lihachov, I. Lishchenko, O.M. Bondarenko, T.M. Kovalenko","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.30-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.30-35","url":null,"abstract":"Research objective: to determine the effectiveness of a complex local preparation with antiseptic action based on octenidine and repair agent dexpanthenol (Prodexyn) in the syndrome of abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) in pregnant women with obstetric pathology during the gestation and in the sanitation of the birth canal on the eve of childbirth. Materials and methods. 49 pregnant women were examined and divided into 2 groups: group I – 21 women (including 6 pregnant women with the status of internally displaced persons (IDPs)) with AVD in the period of 14–36 weeks of pregnancy; group II – 28 pregnant women (15 of them IDPs) on the eve of childbirth, who needed sanitation of the birth canal in the period of 37-41 weeks. The selection of patients was based on complaints, objective examination in mirrors and determination of vaginal pH. A bacterioscopic and bacteriological study was carried out if the pH deviates from the norm in order to identify pathogens and control the treatment effectiveness. Prodexyn was prescribed to all women in the vaginal suppositories at night for 10 days from the II trimester of pregnancy. Results. Most of women had a complicated obstetric and gynecological history, chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, and viral infections. 87.7% of women had obstetric complications during current pregnancy. In the group I the primary average value of vaginal pH was 4.94 ± 0.02, and was the highest in IDPs (5.0-5.3). In the group II the pH before delivery at the initial screening was 5.1 ± 0.03, and in IDPs it was 5.7. Bacterioscopic examination in both groups showed a large number of leukocytes, cocci and fungal flora. Bacteriological examination in both groups showed a total of 11 pathogenic and opportunistic pathogens in various 2–3 component microbial and microbial-fungal associations against the background of a significant decrease in the number of lactobacilli. Single cases of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae (in group I) and Streptococcus viridans (in group II) were found. After sanitation the state of the vaginal biotope significantly improved in the majority of pregnant women of both groups. pH in group I was 4.51 ± 0.013, in group II was 4.55 ± 0.03. According to bacterioscopy, the number of leukocytes, coccal, bacillus and fungal flora significantly decreased in both groups. Bacteriological examination showed positive dynamics of the microflora concentration and the amount of its species spectrum. The lactobacilli concentration increased in both groups. Worse indicators of the vaginal biotope restoration were observed in IDPs, especially in the I group in the II–III trimesters, which required an extension of the treatment course for another 5–10 days. Conclusions. The complex local preparation with antiseptic action Prodexyn for AVD in pregnant women with obstetric pathology has shown its effectiveness and safety. As a result of the treatment, the number of pathogenic and conditionally pa","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preservation of the reproductive health of military women: global experience and realities of Ukraine","authors":"Y. Antypkin, I. Lurin, T. Tatarchuk, N. Kosei, V.M. Yakimets, O.Y. Nazarenko, T.E. Krysenko, Y.M. Bondarenko","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.8-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.8-15","url":null,"abstract":"A review of world literature and Ukrainian researches on the most common requests to gynecologists among military women, on the structure of pathology and treatment methods was made. Special attention is paid to the hormonal contraception, namely combined oral contraceptives (COCs) in the usual and continuous regime (avoiding the hormone-free interval) and the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems (LNG-IUDs).Cases of global practice of using COCs in extended regimen were considered, which showed that 47.2% of 1156 women chose a prolonged regimen of COCs, the main reason for this was the desire to avoid symptoms associated with menstruation. We consider this option very positive for military women, because some studies show that military women who took COCs in a continuous regimen were almost twice as favorable to their reception as those who used them in a regular mode.The positive aspects of the LNG-IUDs use in military women are presented, as a factor in the prevention of abnormal uterine bleeding, reducing the risk of iron deficiency in case of possible blood loss, and reducing the intensity of dysmenorrhea as a negative factor in the military conditions.Ways to increase compliance between a gynecologist and a military woman are also considered, using the example of global studies, which prove that insufficient awareness of patients about the possible ways and positive effects of using COCs in extended regimen reduced patients’ commitment to choosing new regimens.Conclusions. In today’s realities, the gynecological service in our country faces a number of new problems that require a strategic approach and solution. World practice and national studies prove that stress-induced hormonal disorders in military women, such as abnormal uterine bleeding, menstrual cycle disorders, dysmenorrhea, are negative factors in combat conditions, require the attention and resolution by doctors. One of the options for solving this problem can be the appointment of COCs according to the usual and extended scheme or appointment of LNG-IUDs.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of progestagens to preserve pregnancy: modern approaches","authors":"S. I. Zhuk, I. Us","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.36-40","url":null,"abstract":"Review objectives: to summarize current and clinical data on the role of progesterone support in women at risk of miscarriage and premature pregnancy according to the standards of evidence-based medicine. Control of plasma progesterone levels is a fundamental tool for managing the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies. The association of a low level of serum progesterone with lower rates of current pregnancy and live birth in cycles of assisted reproductive technologies was revealed. Patients with low serum progesterone on the day of embryo transfer need individualized support of the luteal phase, which involves adding additional doses of progesterone to standard regimens. Vaginal micronized progesterone is currently believed to be the only progestogen that increases the likelihood of a live birth in women with bleeding in early pregnancy which has one or more miscarriages. Vaginal progesterone can be considered for patients with a high risk of miscarriage in the following modes: with vaginal bleeding and a history of one or more miscarriages (threatened miscarriage) – 400 mg twice a day, starting with the detection of vaginal bleeding up to 16 full weeks of pregnancy; with a history of three or more pregnancy losses of unknown etiology (habitual miscarriage) – asymptomatic patients — 200 mg twice a day up to 12 full weeks of pregnancy; patients with vaginal bleeding – 400 mg 2 times a day up to 16 weeks of pregnancy. Currently, there is no evidence of the effectiveness other forms of progesterone and other doses. Conclusions. Vaginal micronized progesterone demonstrated: high efficiency as a standard of luteal phase support; increasing the chance of a live birth in women with a double risk factor for miscarriage (vaginal bleeding in the 1st trimester and ≥1 previous miscarriage); the absence of safety problems for the fetus and the health of newborns when used in the early and late stages of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of differential expression of genes of structural and regulatory proteins of connective tissue as factors associated with the vaginal prolapse","authors":"O. Proshchenko, T.O. Govseev, I. Ventskivska","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.24-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.24-29","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data on the differential expression of genes of structural and regulatory proteins of connective tissue (COLIA1, fibronectin, elastin, TGF-β1, LOX) in women with pelvic organ prolapse and stigmas of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) compared to patients with prolapse but without UCTD stigmas. Research objectives: analysis of the prognostic significance of differential expression of structural and regulatory genes of connective tissue proteins COLIA1, fibronectin, elastin, TGF-β1, LOX as factors associated with the vaginal prolapse among Ukrainian women. Materials and methods. Vaginal tissue samples were taken from 18 patients at the menopausal age with vaginal prolapse III, IV degree, which required surgical correction during vaginal hysterectomy and/or plastic surgery of vaginal walls. The main group included 11 patients with clinical and anamnestic UCTD stigmas, the comparison group included 7 women without it. Gene expression analysis of structural and regulatory proteins of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue was performed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The relative number of transcripts of the studied genes was normalized by the expression level of the GAPDH gene. The data were calculated using the 2–ΔΔCt method. Results. There was decrease in gene expression of the main structural proteins of the extracellular matrix of the connective tissue: COLIA1 (t=-1.7; p=0.044), fibronectin (t=1.66; p=0.047), elastin (t=-1.75, p=0,04), gene of the regulatory protein LOX (t=-1.8, p=0.035) and no statistically significant difference in the TGF-β1 gene in patients with pelvic organ prolapse and clinical and anamnestic UCTD stigmas. Conclusions. Statistically significant lower expression of the genes of the main structural proteins of the extracellular matrix of the connective tissue and the gene of the regulatory protein LOX in patients with pelvic organ prolapse and clinical and anamnestic UCTD stigmas is evidence of the importance of genetically determined pathological remodeling of the connective tissue in the etiology of genital prolapse.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection of reproductive health of children: problems of gender and age discrimination","authors":"M. Blikhar, І.М. Zharovska, І.І. Komarnytska, Р.М. Matkivska, Y.V. Mervinska","doi":"10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.16-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2023.69.16-23","url":null,"abstract":"Research objectives: to investigate the problems of gender and age discrimination in the modern discourse on the protection of children’s reproductive health, to analyze the most important issues including the concept of child reproductive health, normative guarantees in the field of children’s reproductive health, protection of reproductive children’s health in the context of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, social obstacles to the proper realization of children’s reproductive rights, etc. Materials and methods. A survey was based on the author’s developed questionnaires in order to find out the level of reproductive health and sexual violence among children. The focus group was formed by 540 children: 288 girls and 252 boys aged 15–18 living in Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Zakarpattia regions. The research period covered the years 2021–2023. The error of the obtained results, taking into account the number of respondents, was 2–3.5%. The questionnaires are designed for anonymous and quick filling. Results. Today’s problems and challenges of an environmental, pandemic, and military nature are partially offset by rapid and continuous improvements in social and economic conditions, along with changes in demographics, lifestyles, the environment, and innovations in medical and therapeutic technologies. In general, there is sufficient number of normative protection guarantees that exist at the normative level. However, the problem is manifested in the fact that declarative norms are often ineffective, as they do not entail real guarantees of an organizational and institutional nature regarding the protection and protection of children’s medical rights. Despite the special needs and vulnerabilities that children face, most services are not organized to recognize or meet these needs. Conclusions. It is substantiated that the family is the most important institution in the socialization of a child, and its life experience plays an important role in ensuring that the child is a healthy individual in the broad sense of this concept, which includes physical and psychological criteria. It has been established that characteristics and relationships in the family, especially in the preschool period (the most critical process of children’s development) can positively or negatively affect the structure of the child’s personality. Sudden changes and extraordinary events experienced by the family in the process of adaptation to social changes can cause the family to experience a crisis situation.","PeriodicalId":21103,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Endocrinology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}