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Tectonic Geomorphology of Wadi Wasit in Sinai Peninsula (Egypt) 埃及西奈半岛瓦迪瓦西特的构造地貌
Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2023.185094.1019
Alaa Othman
Structural geomorphological landforms arise due to geological processes in tectonic regions. This study aims to identify the geomorphological landforms resulting from these processes in Wadi Wasit in the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. The study depends on geological and topographic maps, aerial images, DEM (SRTM), fieldwork, and Global climate databases (POWER, ERA5). It used the GIS technique. The results showed that the surface rocks in the study area were deposited in the Upper Cretaceous, Paleocene, Eocene, Miocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene. The rocks consist of Limestone, Sandstone, Wadi deposits, Alluvial Hamadah deposits, and Fanglomerate. It was affected by 41 faults and a concave fold. These tectonic processes formed geomorphological landforms in the study area, which are: Fault scarps, Cuesta scarps, Structural Basins, Faulted Wadies, and Gorges.
构造地貌地貌是由构造区域的地质作用形成的。本研究旨在确定埃及西奈半岛瓦迪瓦西特地区由这些过程产生的地貌地貌。该研究依赖于地质和地形图、航空图像、DEM (SRTM)、实地调查和全球气候数据库(POWER, ERA5)。它使用了GIS技术。结果表明,研究区地表岩石沉积时期为上白垩世、古新世、始新世、中新世、更新世和全新世。岩石包括石灰岩、砂岩、Wadi矿床、冲积Hamadah矿床和Fanglomerate矿床。受41条断裂和一个凹褶皱的影响。这些构造作用形成了研究区主要的地貌地貌类型:断崖、断崖、构造盆地、断陷河道和峡谷。
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引用次数: 0
COMPARING PIXEL-BASED TO OBJECT-BASED IMAGE CLASSIFICATIONS FOR ASSESSING LULC CHANGE IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT OF NORTHERN WEST SAUDI ARABIA 比较基于像素和基于物体的图像分类,以评估沙特阿拉伯西部北部干旱环境中的lulc变化
Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2023.182993.1014
E. Albalawi
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引用次数: 0
Mamak - Strategies relating to Growth and Slums, Housing Issues and Cost of Living 与增长和贫民窟、住房问题和生活成本有关的战略
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2022.266812
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引用次数: 0
Strategies relating to Growth and Slums, Housing Issues and Cost of Living in Mamak - Turkey 与增长和贫民窟、住房问题和生活成本有关的战略在土耳其马马克
Pub Date : 2022-10-23 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2022.166679.1013
F. Alghamdi
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引用次数: 0
Geomorphology of the Al-Umrani paleo-karst cave (southeastern Egypt): its morphological determinants and links to the Nile Quaternary terraces Al-Umrani古溶洞(埃及东南部)的地貌:其形态决定因素及其与尼罗河第四纪阶地的联系
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2022.129839.1012
M. Torab
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引用次数: 0
L'urbanisation des zones côtières : utilisation des sols, implications morphologiques et environnementales. Le cas de la ville de Jeddah 沿海地区城市化:土地利用、形态和环境影响。吉达市的案例
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2020.115878
A. Niang, Dr. Ibrahim Ascoura
Jeddah est la plus grande ville côtière du royaume et abrite le premier port de la mer Rouge, représentant la porte d’entrée des pèlerins pour rejoindre la Mecque. Cette cité historique, coincée entre la mer Rouge à l’ouest et la zone montagneuse du Hedjaz à l’est, est la deuxième ville d’Arabie Saoudite en termes d’extension spatiale et de population, après la capitale Riyad. Elle a connu une croissance urbaine sans précèdent, lors des décennies 70 et 80, qui s’est traduite par une littoralisation intensive. Cette étude se focalise sur cette pression anthropique continue sur la zone côtière .Une approche de suivi spatiotemporel de l’extension urbaine sur la mer, par l’utilisation des Systèmes d’information géographique (SIG) et des données de télédétection multisources a été adoptée. Les superficies des remblaiements successifs ont été cartographiées pour différentes périodes de 1965 à 2020. Les diverses affectations dont elles ont fait l’objet sont analysées, ainsi que changements morphologiques et environnementaux qu’elles entrainent. Les résultats montrent que la surface totale des terrepleins sur la période d’observation atteint environ 33 km (0,59 km /an en moyenne) dont 24,5 km entre 1972 et 1986, période de boom économique où Jeddah a enregistré sa plus grande expansion urbaine. Lors des diverses phases de la période d’étude, le port de Jeddah a gagné environ 11,8 km de superficie sur la mer, soit 94,4% de la zone industrialo-portuaire actuelle. Ainsi ce sont des zones maritimes, des récifs coraliens et d’ilots qui ont été transformées en terrains urbanisés dont les utilisations sont variées ; installations portuaires (36,1%), gouvernementale (21,5%), service Public (16.4), récréative/touristique (15,2%), ou résidentielle et commerciale (10,8%). Ces mutations impliquent à leur tour un bouleversement de l’environnement marin côtier ; création de lagunes semi-fermées et d’ilots artificiels, disparition de récifs coralliens, d’ilots et une modification de la morphologie de cette zone côtière.
吉达是王国最大的沿海城市,也是红海第一个港口的所在地,代表着朝圣者前往麦加的门户。这座历史名城位于西部红海和东部山区Hedjaz之间,是沙特阿拉伯仅次于首都利雅得的第二大城市。在20世纪70年代和80年代,它经历了前所未有的城市增长,导致了密集的沿海化。本研究的重点是沿海地区持续的人为压力,采用了利用地理信息系统(gis)和多源遥感数据对海洋城市扩展进行时空监测的方法。绘制了1965年至2020年不同时期的连续填埋面积。分析了它们的各种用途,以及它们引起的形态和环境变化。结果表明,观测期间的土地总面积约为33公里(平均0.59公里/年),其中1972年至1986年期间为24.5公里,这是吉达最大的城市扩张时期。在研究期间的各个阶段,吉达港的海面面积增加了约11.8公里,占目前工业港口面积的94.4%。例如,海洋区域、珊瑚礁和岛屿已转变为具有多种用途的城市化土地;港口设施(36.1%)、政府设施(21.5%)、公用事业设施(16.4)、康乐/旅游设施(15.2%)或住宅及商业设施(10.8%)。这些变化反过来又意味着沿海海洋环境的剧变;半封闭泻湖和人工小岛的建立,珊瑚礁和小岛的消失,以及沿海地区形态的改变。
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引用次数: 2
Environmental radioactivity of pegmatites associating younger granite of Ras Baroud area, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. 埃及中东部沙漠Ras Baroud地区较年轻花岗岩伟晶岩环境放射性特征。
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2020.115877
S. Tawfik
Ras Baroud pluton is one of the well exposed granitic batholiths in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt. The granites occure as isolated plutons of high relief circular and semicircular outlines. They are cut by zoned pegmatites and dikes of different types. The pegmatites are found as lenticular pockets and sheet-like bodies along the southern periphery of Ras Baroud pluton. The zonal sequence of the pegmatites is formed of an outer blocky feldspar zone. The intermediate mica zone (muscovite and/or biotite) and an inner zone of massive quartz might present in some pockets and absent in others. In some pegmatite pockets, the intermediate zone of mica occurs with some distinct dark alteration parts that record the highest radioactivity levels. The geochemical studies revealed that these pegmatites are attributed to low temperature late differentiated magmatic fluids enriched in volatiles. Field radiometric survey was used to evaluate the suitability of mineral resources at the different pegmatite zones to industrial use. The environmental radioactive parameters showed that the radioactivity of all four zones of the pegmatites is higher than the safety limit which indicate hazardous effects on human lives if used as indore building and/or ornamental stones. Also, the uranium migration rates and directions showed that uranium migrates from the radioactive altered zone which has the higher uranium content towards the other three pegmatite zones (outer, intermediate and inner zones). From a paragenetic point of view, zones in pegmatite are developed from the wall inward within a restricted pegmatitic stage. In the early stage, zoned pegmatites of simple mineralogy are produced. In the later stage, residual fluids rich in soda, silica, alumina and significant quantities of Nb, Ta, U, Th and F travel along fractures, react with the previously formed pegmatitic minerals forming new minerals of replacement origin. The zoned pegmatites host U-minerals (betafite and kasolite) as well as NbTa mineral (columbite) as invisible disseminations in the intermediate alteration zone, that confines their formation in a temperature range between 300 and 500C. The hydrothermal activity and the alteration processes are responsible for the deposition of the uranium minerals.
拉斯巴鲁德岩体是埃及中东部沙漠中暴露良好的花岗岩岩基之一。花岗岩呈孤立的高凸出圆形和半圆形轮廓的岩体。它们是由带状伟晶岩和不同类型的岩脉切割而成。伟晶岩是沿拉斯巴鲁德岩体南缘发现的透镜状口袋和片状体。伟晶岩的分带序列是由外层块状长石带形成的。中间云母带(白云母和/或黑云母)和内部块状石英带可能在某些袋中存在,而在其他袋中不存在。在一些伟晶岩袋中,云母的中间带出现了一些明显的暗蚀变部分,记录了最高的放射性水平。地球化学研究表明,这些伟晶岩属于富含挥发物的低温晚分异岩浆流体。利用野外辐射测量评价了不同伟晶岩带的矿产资源对工业利用的适宜性。环境放射性参数表明,伟晶岩四个区的放射性均高于安全限值,表明用作室内建筑和(或)观赏石对人类生命有危险影响。铀的迁移速率和方向表明,铀从含铀量较高的放射性蚀变带向其他3个伟晶岩带(外、中、内)迁移。从共生的观点来看,伟晶岩带是在一个有限的伟晶岩阶段由岩壁向内发育的。早期发育简单矿物学的分带伟晶岩。在后期,富含钠、硅、氧化铝和大量Nb、Ta、U、Th和F的残余流体沿着裂缝移动,与先前形成的伟晶岩矿物发生反应,形成新的替代源矿物。分带伟晶岩在中间蚀变带中以不可见的传播形式含有铀矿物(betafite和kasolite)以及NbTa矿物(columbite),这将它们的形成限制在300 - 500℃之间。热液活动和蚀变作用是铀矿物沉积的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Corona virus Morbidity, Recovery and Fatality rates in Egypt and the world: A study in medical geography 埃及和世界冠状病毒发病率、恢复率和死亡率的发展:医学地理学研究
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2020.115869
Mohamed Nour Eldin Elsabawy
This paper aims to study the development of morbidity, recovery and fatality rates in Egypt during the period from February 2020 to the first of August 2020 and compare them worldwide. And answers a number of questions, including: Are the rates of infection and recovery for Corona disease in Egypt commensurate with those in the world?. Are the fatality rates in Egypt commensurate with global rates? What is the pattern of the Corona virus disease morbidity, recovery and death curve, in Egypt and the world? Based on the above, is it possible to predict the future of Corona in Egypt and the world ? The incidence of the disease in the world increased logarithmically from 0.7 per 100,000 people on February 14, reach to 166 per 100,000 on July 10, 2020, and by comparing this rate for Egypt, the rate was 0.09 per 100,000 in 13 March, rising to 80.2 per 100,000 people on July 10, 2020. Recovery rates in the world during the same period increased from 12.1% of the number of infected to 58.3% on July 10, 2020, while in Egypt, recovery rates it is half of the global percentage. The percentage of Fatality rates increased from 2.7% in the world, to 4.5% on July 10, 2020 , while the percentage in Egypt is close to it in the world Morbidity and fatality rates of the Corona epidemic, although they tend to gradually decrease in Egypt and the world,also increase the recovery rate , except that the fluctuation of cases of infection and death due to disease from day to day makes it’s difficult to predict the future of the disease in the time of ambiguity surrounding it on the one hand, and the absence of a vaccine that helps protect against the disease on the other hand.
本文旨在研究2020年2月至2020年8月1日期间埃及发病率、恢复率和死亡率的发展情况,并与世界范围内的情况进行比较。并回答了一些问题,包括:埃及的冠状病毒感染率和恢复率是否与世界各国相当?埃及的死亡率与全球的死亡率相称吗?在埃及和世界上,冠状病毒病的发病率、恢复和死亡曲线的模式是什么?基于以上,是否有可能预测Corona在埃及和世界的未来?该疾病在全球的发病率呈对数增长,从2月14日的每10万人0.7例,到2020年7月10日达到每10万人166例,通过比较埃及的发病率,3月13日的发病率为每10万人0.09例,到2020年7月10日上升到每10万人80.2例。同期,世界各地的康复率从感染人数的12.1%上升到2020年7月10日的58.3%,而在埃及,康复率是全球百分比的一半。2020年7月10日,病死率从世界的2.7%上升到4.5%,埃及的病死率与世界相近。新冠肺炎疫情的发病率和致死率虽然在埃及和世界有逐渐下降的趋势,但也在提高康复率。除了感染病例和死亡病例每天都在波动这使得我们很难预测疾病的未来一方面是围绕它的不确定性,另一方面是缺乏预防疾病的疫苗。
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引用次数: 0
Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an urban archaeological of Jurash, Southwest of Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯西南部Jurash城市考古遗址的古环境重建
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2020.96487
Jurash is located in the governorate of Ahad Rufaida, 15 km south of Khamis Mushait, which is part of Asir region in the southwest of Saudi Arabia. The site contains the remains of large buildings, some of them are of stone and some of clay, and dates back to the pre-Islamic period and successive Islamic periods that indicate the human settlement in the city. Where the city of Jurash is located on the trade route and the next pilgrimage from Yemen, and thus became an important commercial center at that time. Hence, the importance of the study in redrawing the maps of the city and working on an ecological perception that highlights the urban development and the old environmental conditions and determining the archaeological value of the city of Jurash because of its geographical (natural / human) and tourism investment. This will enable the orienting of the future course of the city and the appreciation of its heritage as well as the study of the archaeological and archaeological value of Jurash and its possibility of being included in the list of World Heritage sites. This will also enable obtaining physical evidence to prove the heritage value and tourism importance of the city and its economic role in achieving the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Vision 2030. Pedostratigraphy applied to urban archaeological sites, combined with geomorphological and archaeological data, provide important information for interpreting the complexity of urban geoarchaeology areas and their environment. This paper applies this methodology in the case of Jurash city and presents geomorphological and geoarchaeological data (stratigraphy, physicochemical soil properties, radiocarbon dating and pottery) for the study area where these remains are located. Geoarchaeological work is essential in archaeological excavations of urban areas, as demonstrated at Jarash where the study of pedostratigraphy provides crucial information on past environmental changes and human activities. Pedostratigraphic records and archaeological remains should be considered part of the geological and cultural heritage of urban areas.
Jurash位于阿哈德鲁费达省,位于哈米斯穆沙伊特以南15公里处,是沙特阿拉伯西南部阿西尔地区的一部分。该遗址包含大型建筑的遗迹,其中一些是石头的,一些是粘土的,可以追溯到前伊斯兰时期和连续的伊斯兰时期,这表明人类在城市中定居。其中的Jurash市位于贸易路线和下一个朝圣从也门,从而成为当时重要的商业中心。因此,研究的重要性在于重新绘制城市地图,并致力于突出城市发展和旧环境条件的生态感知,并确定Jurash市的考古价值,因为它的地理(自然/人文)和旅游投资。这将有助于确定城市的未来发展方向和对其遗产的欣赏,以及对Jurash的考古和考古价值的研究,以及将其列入世界遗产名录的可能性。这也将有助于获得实物证据,以证明该城市的遗产价值和旅游重要性,以及它在实现沙特阿拉伯王国2030年愿景方面的经济作用。将土壤地层学应用于城市考古遗址,结合地貌和考古数据,为解释城市地质考古区域及其环境的复杂性提供了重要信息。本文将这种方法应用于Jurash市,并为这些遗迹所在的研究区域提供地貌和地质考古数据(地层学、理化土壤特性、放射性碳测年和陶器)。在城市地区的考古发掘中,地质考古工作是必不可少的,在贾拉什,土壤地层学的研究提供了关于过去环境变化和人类活动的重要信息。土壤地层记录和考古遗迹应被视为城市地区地质和文化遗产的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Etude diachronique des conditions du milieu et de la végétation d’une zone steppique (2001-2015) : cas de la Wilaya de Djelfa (Algérie) 草原地区环境和植被条件的历时性研究(2001-2015):以阿尔及利亚杰尔法维拉亚为例
Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.21608/ejec.2020.96492
Youcef Oukil, Mohamed Alouat, Azziz Hirche
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引用次数: 2
期刊
The Egyptian Journal of Environmental Change
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