Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190015
M. Almeida, Noemí Rocío Andrade Alban, Galo Juvenal Vinueza Aguay
{"title":"Atrial Fibrillation and Tricuspid Regurgitation as Late Presentations of Contusio\u0000 Cordis","authors":"M. Almeida, Noemí Rocío Andrade Alban, Galo Juvenal Vinueza Aguay","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20190015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20190015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121850713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190026
A. de Lima, Stella de Souza Carneiro, Josef Murad, J. Arruda, José Guilherme Caselli, Edson Egashira
Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Agenesis (UPAA) is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs due to malformation of the sixth aortic arch of the affected side during embryogenesis, and may occur in isolation or in combination with other cardiovascular anomalies.1,2 Diagnosis usually occurs in adolescence, but individuals may be asymptomatic and receive late diagnosis. We report a case of symptomatic patient with right pulmonary artery agenesis accompanied by high-output fistula of the Circumflex Artery (CXA) to the Superior Vena Cava (SVC).
{"title":"Agenesia of Right Pulmonary Artery Associated with High Output Coronary Fistula for\u0000 Superior Vena Cava and Intrapulmonary Artery Branches: Case Report","authors":"A. de Lima, Stella de Souza Carneiro, Josef Murad, J. Arruda, José Guilherme Caselli, Edson Egashira","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20190026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20190026","url":null,"abstract":"Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Agenesis (UPAA) is a rare congenital anomaly that occurs due to malformation of the sixth aortic arch of the affected side during embryogenesis, and may occur in isolation or in combination with other cardiovascular anomalies.1,2 Diagnosis usually occurs in adolescence, but individuals may be asymptomatic and receive late diagnosis. We report a case of symptomatic patient with right pulmonary artery agenesis accompanied by high-output fistula of the Circumflex Artery (CXA) to the Superior Vena Cava (SVC).","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123793941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20200018
L. Silva, A. F. M. Guimarães, Fátima Derlene da Rocha Araújo
{"title":"Aneurisma de Ventrículo Esquerdo","authors":"L. Silva, A. F. M. Guimarães, Fátima Derlene da Rocha Araújo","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20200018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20200018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130613312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190040
L. Carneiro, Nelson Lopes Evangelista, C. Lima, M. Diógenes, A. Alcântara, M. Lima
DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190040 Introduction The right ventricle (RV) consists of three portions: the inflow tract, trabecular region, and outflow tract, also called infundibulum, which separates the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. Some congenital heart diseases include abnormalities in this area and can cause obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). Infundibular pulmonary stenosis (IPS) is one of these cardiopathies and is often associated with other abnormalities, especially interventricular septal defect but, as an isolated presentation, it is considered a rare finding. Heart diseases may result in serious complications such as heart failure and infective endocarditis (IE). The latter has vegetation as a typical lesion. Vegetation is a mass of platelets and fibrin, in which microorganisms and inflammatory cells are captured. It can be precipitated by a valvulopathy or endocardial lesion. This report describes the case of a young patient admitted to a tertiary hospital with rare congenital pathology, whose diagnosis was made as a result of infective endocarditis.
{"title":"Isolated Infundibular Pulmonary Stenosis with Infectious Endocarditis: a Rare\u0000 Ecocardiographic Finding","authors":"L. Carneiro, Nelson Lopes Evangelista, C. Lima, M. Diógenes, A. Alcântara, M. Lima","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20190040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20190040","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190040 Introduction The right ventricle (RV) consists of three portions: the inflow tract, trabecular region, and outflow tract, also called infundibulum, which separates the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. Some congenital heart diseases include abnormalities in this area and can cause obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). Infundibular pulmonary stenosis (IPS) is one of these cardiopathies and is often associated with other abnormalities, especially interventricular septal defect but, as an isolated presentation, it is considered a rare finding. Heart diseases may result in serious complications such as heart failure and infective endocarditis (IE). The latter has vegetation as a typical lesion. Vegetation is a mass of platelets and fibrin, in which microorganisms and inflammatory cells are captured. It can be precipitated by a valvulopathy or endocardial lesion. This report describes the case of a young patient admitted to a tertiary hospital with rare congenital pathology, whose diagnosis was made as a result of infective endocarditis.","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133241386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190007
E. M. V. S. Neto, R. W. Lopes, S. Brandão
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common hereditary heart disease and affects about 1:500 individuals in the general population. Diagnosis is not always simple due to phenotypic variation and concomitance with other pathologies. It is initially based on electrocardiographic and echocardiographic criteria and on the absence of other diseases occurring with ventricular hypertrophy. Having myofibrillar derangement and fibrosis as a cellular base resulting in hemodynamic abnormalities, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may reveal myocardial ischemia (not related to atherosclerosis) and sudden death. Therefore, evaluation of functional repercussion with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy using the Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) has gained space, since 25% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have fixed or ischemic perfusion defects. In this context, some perfusion disorders are not necessarily associated with the type of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but are able to predict morbidity and mortality in these individuals. Another recent scintigraphy technique is the positron emission tomography (PET), which stands out in the evaluation of microcirculation, coronary flow reserve and myocardial metabolism. In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, studies have shown unfavorable results when myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve are lower. Metabolic myocardial evaluation using PET seems to be useful in the pathophysiological understanding of this disease and in the prognostic evaluation of alcohol ablation, a procedure performed in severe obstructive forms. This review addresses the role of nuclear cardiology using SPECT and myocardial PET in the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
{"title":"What is the Value of Perfusion Scintigraphy and Cardiac PET in Hypertrophic\u0000 Cardiomyopathy?","authors":"E. M. V. S. Neto, R. W. Lopes, S. Brandão","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20190007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20190007","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common hereditary heart disease and affects about 1:500 individuals in the general population. Diagnosis is not always simple due to phenotypic variation and concomitance with other pathologies. It is initially based on electrocardiographic and echocardiographic criteria and on the absence of other diseases occurring with ventricular hypertrophy. Having myofibrillar derangement and fibrosis as a cellular base resulting in hemodynamic abnormalities, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may reveal myocardial ischemia (not related to atherosclerosis) and sudden death. Therefore, evaluation of functional repercussion with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy using the Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) has gained space, since 25% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have fixed or ischemic perfusion defects. In this context, some perfusion disorders are not necessarily associated with the type of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but are able to predict morbidity and mortality in these individuals. Another recent scintigraphy technique is the positron emission tomography (PET), which stands out in the evaluation of microcirculation, coronary flow reserve and myocardial metabolism. In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, studies have shown unfavorable results when myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve are lower. Metabolic myocardial evaluation using PET seems to be useful in the pathophysiological understanding of this disease and in the prognostic evaluation of alcohol ablation, a procedure performed in severe obstructive forms. This review addresses the role of nuclear cardiology using SPECT and myocardial PET in the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123730032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20200002
J. A. A. Filho, Marcelo Melo, Roberto Vitor Almeida Torres, C. Nomura
DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20200002 As melhorias contínuas na eficácia do tratamento oncológico levaram à atual existência de milhões de sobreviventes de diferentes tipos de câncer pediátrico e adulto no mundo inteiro. No entanto, um aumento paralelo na incidência da morbimortalidade relacionada à toxicidade de muitas das drogas utilizadas gerou um novo desafio epidemiológico nessa população. Com amplo espectro de acometimento, a toxicidade cardiovascular é um dos efeitos colaterais mais agressivos da terapia antineoplásica e é, atualmente, uma das principais causas de mortalidade em sobreviventes de câncer no mundo inteiro.1 Diferentes mecanismos se associam para tal, dentre os quais: danos diretos aos cardiomiócitos, injúrias endoteliais, alterações hemodinâmicas ou metabólicas, distúrbios de condução e eventos trombóticos. Essa cascata de acometimento está potencialmente associada a diferentes quimioterápicos citotóxicos, imunoterápicos ou à radiação empregada, podendo iniciar-se agudamente ou levar anos para ser consolidada.2
{"title":"Cardiotoxicity in cancer treatment: new frontiers in the multimodality diagnostic\u0000 approach","authors":"J. A. A. Filho, Marcelo Melo, Roberto Vitor Almeida Torres, C. Nomura","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20200002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20200002","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20200002 As melhorias contínuas na eficácia do tratamento oncológico levaram à atual existência de milhões de sobreviventes de diferentes tipos de câncer pediátrico e adulto no mundo inteiro. No entanto, um aumento paralelo na incidência da morbimortalidade relacionada à toxicidade de muitas das drogas utilizadas gerou um novo desafio epidemiológico nessa população. Com amplo espectro de acometimento, a toxicidade cardiovascular é um dos efeitos colaterais mais agressivos da terapia antineoplásica e é, atualmente, uma das principais causas de mortalidade em sobreviventes de câncer no mundo inteiro.1 Diferentes mecanismos se associam para tal, dentre os quais: danos diretos aos cardiomiócitos, injúrias endoteliais, alterações hemodinâmicas ou metabólicas, distúrbios de condução e eventos trombóticos. Essa cascata de acometimento está potencialmente associada a diferentes quimioterápicos citotóxicos, imunoterápicos ou à radiação empregada, podendo iniciar-se agudamente ou levar anos para ser consolidada.2","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125749946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20200030
Maurício Vitor Machado Oliveira, P. Pinto, G. B. D. Oliveira, Luan Salvador Machado Barbalho, André de Oliveira Parreiras, Fernanda Alves Gelape, T. C. Ferrari, M. C. Nunes
Mauricio Vitor Machado Oliveira1, Pedro Henrique Oliveira Murta Pinto2,3, Gustavo Brandão de Oliveira2,3, Luan Salvador Machado Barbalho1, André de Oliveira Parreiras1, Fernanda Alves Gelape4, Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferrari2,3, Maria Carmo Pereira Nunes2,3 Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,1 Belo Horizonte, MG; Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,2 Belo Horizonte, MG; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,3 Belo Horizonte, MG; Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais,4 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Mauricio Vitor Machado oliveir1, Pedro Henrique Oliveira Murta Pinto2,3, Gustavo brandan de oliveir2,3, Luan Salvador Machado Barbalho1, andre de Oliveira Parreiras1, Fernanda Alves Gelape4, Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferrari2,3, Maria Carmo Pereira Nunes2,3米纳斯吉拉斯联邦大学医学院，Belo Horizonte, MG;米纳斯吉拉斯州联邦大学医学院临床学系，贝洛奥里藏特2号;米纳斯吉拉斯联邦大学医学院成人健康应用科学研究生课程，贝洛奥里藏特3号;米纳斯吉拉斯医学院，贝洛奥里藏特4号，MG，巴西。
{"title":"Use of Echocardiography in Infectious Endocarditis Associated with Implantable Cardiac Devices","authors":"Maurício Vitor Machado Oliveira, P. Pinto, G. B. D. Oliveira, Luan Salvador Machado Barbalho, André de Oliveira Parreiras, Fernanda Alves Gelape, T. C. Ferrari, M. C. Nunes","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20200030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20200030","url":null,"abstract":"Mauricio Vitor Machado Oliveira1, Pedro Henrique Oliveira Murta Pinto2,3, Gustavo Brandão de Oliveira2,3, Luan Salvador Machado Barbalho1, André de Oliveira Parreiras1, Fernanda Alves Gelape4, Teresa Cristina Abreu Ferrari2,3, Maria Carmo Pereira Nunes2,3 Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,1 Belo Horizonte, MG; Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,2 Belo Horizonte, MG; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,3 Belo Horizonte, MG; Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais,4 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132319828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190034
J. Araujo-Filho, Antonildes Nascimento Assunção Júnior, M. A. Gutierrez, C. Nomura
With the rapid technological progress experienced by medical imaging in recent years, the conversion of digital images into high-dimensional data, that is, with a large number of variables, has been driven by the concept that images contain a myriad of underlying pathophysiological information that is often difficult identify and comprehend using conventional visual analysis.1 The quantitative analysis of these images and the organization of these parameters in complex databases (Big Data) — with large volume, variety and speed of information generation — brought radiology closer to the new technological frontiers, involving Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) (Figure 1). “Images are more than pictures, they are data.”1 The mantra of modern radiology portrays the potential of this new understanding of imaging in the new age of precision medicine, going far beyond diagnosis and having a decisive role in clinical decision making. In this new and complex context, Cardiology has been a broad and fertile ground for AI approaches, as many heterogeneous and sufficiently prevailing diseases (ideal for large databases), such as heart failure and coronary artery disease, are yet to be sub-phenotyped in the constant pursuit of increasingly customized treatments. Besides, problems with acquisition time, high costs, efficiency and misdiagnosis are commonly observed and thus expected to be mitigated with the promising new applications of AI in cardiovascular propaedeutics.2
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Cardiac Imaging: We need to talk about this","authors":"J. Araujo-Filho, Antonildes Nascimento Assunção Júnior, M. A. Gutierrez, C. Nomura","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20190034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20190034","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid technological progress experienced by medical imaging in recent years, the conversion of digital images into high-dimensional data, that is, with a large number of variables, has been driven by the concept that images contain a myriad of underlying pathophysiological information that is often difficult identify and comprehend using conventional visual analysis.1 The quantitative analysis of these images and the organization of these parameters in complex databases (Big Data) — with large volume, variety and speed of information generation — brought radiology closer to the new technological frontiers, involving Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) (Figure 1). “Images are more than pictures, they are data.”1 The mantra of modern radiology portrays the potential of this new understanding of imaging in the new age of precision medicine, going far beyond diagnosis and having a decisive role in clinical decision making. In this new and complex context, Cardiology has been a broad and fertile ground for AI approaches, as many heterogeneous and sufficiently prevailing diseases (ideal for large databases), such as heart failure and coronary artery disease, are yet to be sub-phenotyped in the constant pursuit of increasingly customized treatments. Besides, problems with acquisition time, high costs, efficiency and misdiagnosis are commonly observed and thus expected to be mitigated with the promising new applications of AI in cardiovascular propaedeutics.2","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133831688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5935/2318-8219.20190012
R. Batista, Alexandre Henrique Cobucci Santana, R. L. Marino, Barbara C. A. Marino
Regarding cardiac involvement, the clinical presentation is variable: from asymptomatic conditions, electrocardiogram (ECG) with non-specific abnormalities, presence of arrhythmias, myocarditis and Takotsubo syndrome.4-7 Another form of cardiac involvement is related to anticholinesterase.8 In MG, the number of available Ach receptors is decreased, and the use of anticholinesterase decreases Ach degradation and promotes a greater supply of Ach to the receptors. Frequent adverse effects of this medication are diarrhea, abdominal cramps and nausea. A severe yet less common effect is chest pain. This may mimic an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by the vasoconstriction that Ach is capable of causing in coronary arteries with endothelial dysfunction.
{"title":"Multimodality Evaluation in Cardiovascular Imaging in the Diagnosis of Atypical\u0000 Cases of Chest Pain: Myasthenia Gravis","authors":"R. Batista, Alexandre Henrique Cobucci Santana, R. L. Marino, Barbara C. A. Marino","doi":"10.5935/2318-8219.20190012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/2318-8219.20190012","url":null,"abstract":"Regarding cardiac involvement, the clinical presentation is variable: from asymptomatic conditions, electrocardiogram (ECG) with non-specific abnormalities, presence of arrhythmias, myocarditis and Takotsubo syndrome.4-7 Another form of cardiac involvement is related to anticholinesterase.8 In MG, the number of available Ach receptors is decreased, and the use of anticholinesterase decreases Ach degradation and promotes a greater supply of Ach to the receptors. Frequent adverse effects of this medication are diarrhea, abdominal cramps and nausea. A severe yet less common effect is chest pain. This may mimic an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by the vasoconstriction that Ach is capable of causing in coronary arteries with endothelial dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":211175,"journal":{"name":"ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA - IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129953147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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