Forensic educators have faced long standing criticism, within our discipline and beyond, in regards to the true educational benefits of forensic competition with particular scrutiny towards oral interpretation events. Although forensic interpretation events may seem like fun raucous performances, they are in many ways are grounded in sound pedagogy of oral interpretation scholarship. However in recent years, forensic oral interpretation has evolved to move beyond mere rendering of a text. In many ways forensic interpretation has shifted towards a paradigm of performance studies. Therefore, I shall reexplore past criticisms of forensic interp in order to argue for new ways to interpret interpretation and build a stronger bridge between forensic pedagogy and the communication discipline. As a forensic educator and coach I am aware that I will face criticism from colleagues about the academic legitimacy of intercollegiate individual event speaking. An outsider observing a forensic tournament might enjoy watching the oral interp events the most, even if they do not understand some of the strange speech norms. It is not only the norms but the modes of forensic competition that have caused the practice of oral interpretation to face particular scrutiny. Although, forensic interpretation may have been birthed from oral interpretation of literature it has since become its own medium of study. Geisler (1985) pointed out that forensic interpretation events vary from the non-competitive oral tradition of interpretation. Forensic 22 interpretation is highly nuanced and in some ways inaccessible to outside audiences. Whereas the academic field of oral interpretation has evolved into a more comprehensive study of performance. Performance studies addresses not only traditional stage performances, but also daily performance and cultural rituals. Performances academically grounded in performance theory are implemented in a very differently textured setting, while forensic oral interpretation varies from contemporary performance studies scholarship. In many ways it functions as a cursory introduction to the practice of academic based performance. Because performance scholarship is often rooted in dense language that is foreign to the untrained ear, forensic oral interpretation provides another frame in which to understand performance theory. Performance studies focuses on performance theory while competitive oral interpretation teaches students the necessary practice of performance. Although forensic interp can serve as a basis for comprehending performance scholarship, it faces criticism from disciplinary scholars as disingenuous performance lacking sound pedagogy. In order to understand this tension and justify forensic interpretation practice I will first introduce the academic function of performance studies, then explain the criticism forensic oral interpretation receives from performance scholars, before finally clarifying performance pedagogy within forensi
在这种对口译的理解中，口译员应该能够通过娴熟的演讲来唤起听众的想象力，以弥补肢体语言的不足。根据这些标准，口译是一种艺术形式，它应该通过熟练使用技术表演技巧来引发作者对文本的情感处理。司法口译不仅是围绕口头口译的原则构思的，即使在学术领域成熟的情况下，它也坚持不懈地坚持这些原则。口头解释范式最初将世界观的表达局限于阅读和分析经典文学文本，但表演研究范式将打开许多文本进行分析和表演。随着研究口述传统的学者开始发展和扩展他们的学术学科，该领域的整体意识形态标准也随之发生了变化。Pelias和VanOosting(1987)认为，口头传统转变为一种表演研究范式，以适应口头传统和传播学作为一门学科的变化。这种范式的转变证明了绩效研究到底是什么。在这种转变中，文化背景下的每个人都是文化的演员/表演者，而不是定义诠释与表演的不同之处。伊丽莎白·贝尔(Elizabeth Bell)在她广受欢迎的表演研究导论文本《表演理论》(Theories of performance)中，在开篇一章中指出:“通常，我们如此沉迷于任何一套思想或一种特定的表演，以至于我们忘记了所有的理论和表演都是他们所处时代和更大的塑造世界的观点的产物”(第1页)。因此，表演可以被认为是对我们生活的世界的反映和/或批评。这不仅反映在舞台服装上，也反映在当代服装上。Pelias和VanOosting(1987)将“表演视为一种依赖于突发原则和制定文化惯例的社会行为”(第224页)。在这种理解中，文化是一种表演行为。虽然没有剧本就不能拼写描述，但表演研究的方法是研究文本的戏剧，探索日常上演的人类戏剧。Bell(2008)将绩效理论作为一种手段，通过多种创造性形式阐明绩效为何以及如何有助于复杂的社会和政治理解。在许多方面，戏剧、仪式、游行、抗议甚至恐怖主义行为不仅是创造性的表达形式，而且是非常强大的变革媒介。表演不仅是人们理解文化的一种方式，它也可以是一个改变对文化看法的场所。征服者古德(1992)将表演描述为存在于修辞学和民族志之间的空间。通常，表演的协商和理解方式是通过个人对文化的系统处理。因此，表演是文化生产的一个方面，在剧院外的表演中很明显。Boal(1995)认为传统戏剧被社会精英所占据，戏剧是一种控制传达给大众的信息的手段，但表演可以成为文化反对的场所。表演研究不一定局限于剧院的建设，而是人类如何作为戏剧进行交流。Shultz(2000)指出，肯尼斯·伯克的理论认为，所有的人类互动都是通过“戏剧性”进行的。人类通过故事和戏剧来处理世界，因此作为一种象征性的隐喻互动，人类使用隐喻来明确地传达他们的经验。通过这种方式，舞台不仅仅是一个观察他人表演文化的物理结构，它是一个流动的空间，有助于观察我们周围发生的文化。这表明表演不仅仅是我们自己之外的一个观察场所，它是我们为了描述当代生活而做的事情。因此，我们自身的许多方面都是故事的元素;有英雄和恶棍，有起起落落，当然还有敷衍的开头、中间和结尾。West和Zimmerman(1987)认为，在我们的象征性生活隐喻中，甚至性别也是一种表演元素。表演研究超越了文本分析的领域，而是进入了一种复杂的方法，告诉我们如何处理我们所生活的世界，以及我们身体上的文化义务。Fox(2007)认为，自我的表现有可能改变一个人对自己在世界上的地位的看法。我们的身体可以把我们塑造成特定的角色。人们展示自己的方式是一种身份的表现。Warren(1999)将身体定义为一个表演场所，它不可逆转地以政治、意识形态和历史铭文为特征，这些铭文充当了另一种经验知识的互动画布。通常被视为隐私的自我方面可以作为身份的表现指标发挥作用。
{"title":"Connecting Past and Present: A Rhetorical Analysis of How Forensics Programs Use Storytelling to Promote Team Legacy","authors":"Stephanie Orme","doi":"10.56816/0749-1042.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56816/0749-1042.1059","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic educators have faced long standing criticism, within our discipline and beyond, in regards to the true educational benefits of forensic competition with particular scrutiny towards oral interpretation events. Although forensic interpretation events may seem like fun raucous performances, they are in many ways are grounded in sound pedagogy of oral interpretation scholarship. However in recent years, forensic oral interpretation has evolved to move beyond mere rendering of a text. In many ways forensic interpretation has shifted towards a paradigm of performance studies. Therefore, I shall reexplore past criticisms of forensic interp in order to argue for new ways to interpret interpretation and build a stronger bridge between forensic pedagogy and the communication discipline. As a forensic educator and coach I am aware that I will face criticism from colleagues about the academic legitimacy of intercollegiate individual event speaking. An outsider observing a forensic tournament might enjoy watching the oral interp events the most, even if they do not understand some of the strange speech norms. It is not only the norms but the modes of forensic competition that have caused the practice of oral interpretation to face particular scrutiny. Although, forensic interpretation may have been birthed from oral interpretation of literature it has since become its own medium of study. Geisler (1985) pointed out that forensic interpretation events vary from the non-competitive oral tradition of interpretation. Forensic 22 interpretation is highly nuanced and in some ways inaccessible to outside audiences. Whereas the academic field of oral interpretation has evolved into a more comprehensive study of performance. Performance studies addresses not only traditional stage performances, but also daily performance and cultural rituals. Performances academically grounded in performance theory are implemented in a very differently textured setting, while forensic oral interpretation varies from contemporary performance studies scholarship. In many ways it functions as a cursory introduction to the practice of academic based performance. Because performance scholarship is often rooted in dense language that is foreign to the untrained ear, forensic oral interpretation provides another frame in which to understand performance theory. Performance studies focuses on performance theory while competitive oral interpretation teaches students the necessary practice of performance. Although forensic interp can serve as a basis for comprehending performance scholarship, it faces criticism from disciplinary scholars as disingenuous performance lacking sound pedagogy. In order to understand this tension and justify forensic interpretation practice I will first introduce the academic function of performance studies, then explain the criticism forensic oral interpretation receives from performance scholars, before finally clarifying performance pedagogy within forensi","PeriodicalId":211276,"journal":{"name":"National Forensic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125178099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reframing competitive critical analyses: An argument for education-application based methods for speech writing in CA and Rhetorical Criticism","authors":"Katherine L Hatfield-Edstrom","doi":"10.56816/0749-1042.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56816/0749-1042.1066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211276,"journal":{"name":"National Forensic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127133214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Official Language of Academic Debate","authors":"Marcus Paroske","doi":"10.56816/0749-1042.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56816/0749-1042.1070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211276,"journal":{"name":"National Forensic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124138451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction I was judging a round of After Dinner Speaking last weekend, hoping for a laugh. Some competitors were successful through their use of wit, others used cheesy lines, and the last student was probably supposed to be entered in Persuasion. It was extremely difficult and frustrating to fill out the ballots. Should I have voted for the funniest person, the funniest looking person, or the most significant topic with some jokes thrown in at the end like laws on a California proposition? This is a question facing many individual events judges today, while the students competing in this event are equally confused. Although many forensics judges maintain that whoever can entertain them the most will take “the one” in an ADS round, AFA-NIET final rounds are consistently full of speeches jam packed with importance. This is just one example of how the waters of ADS have become murky. Since its inception, the After Dinner Speech has changed more than Hillary Clinton‟s stance on the war in Iraq. Therefore, it is important to analyze the communicative evolution of this event and the controversies that have arisen since its incarnation. In order to do so, we must first, peek into the past of After Dinner Speaking, ponder the present status of the event, and finally, have a premonition of how to pursue progression.
{"title":"After Dinner Speaking: Problems, Causes, and Still No Solutions","authors":"Brandi Lawless","doi":"10.56816/0749-1042.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56816/0749-1042.1068","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction I was judging a round of After Dinner Speaking last weekend, hoping for a laugh. Some competitors were successful through their use of wit, others used cheesy lines, and the last student was probably supposed to be entered in Persuasion. It was extremely difficult and frustrating to fill out the ballots. Should I have voted for the funniest person, the funniest looking person, or the most significant topic with some jokes thrown in at the end like laws on a California proposition? This is a question facing many individual events judges today, while the students competing in this event are equally confused. Although many forensics judges maintain that whoever can entertain them the most will take “the one” in an ADS round, AFA-NIET final rounds are consistently full of speeches jam packed with importance. This is just one example of how the waters of ADS have become murky. Since its inception, the After Dinner Speech has changed more than Hillary Clinton‟s stance on the war in Iraq. Therefore, it is important to analyze the communicative evolution of this event and the controversies that have arisen since its incarnation. In order to do so, we must first, peek into the past of After Dinner Speaking, ponder the present status of the event, and finally, have a premonition of how to pursue progression.","PeriodicalId":211276,"journal":{"name":"National Forensic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125374164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biological Sex as a Predictor of Competitive Success in Intercollegiate Forensics","authors":"K. Dhillon, April M. Larson","doi":"10.56816/0749-1042.1065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56816/0749-1042.1065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211276,"journal":{"name":"National Forensic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130928671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"They Know What They're Doing But They Don't Know Why: A Theoretical Exploration of Intertextuality in Interpretation Events","authors":"Megan Orcholski, Daniel Cronn-Mills","doi":"10.56816/0749-1042.1069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56816/0749-1042.1069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211276,"journal":{"name":"National Forensic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127252082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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