Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00120
Kamilia Bireche, H. Dendougui, Mine Gultekin-Ozguven, S. Hasni, Yousef Rahmani, Asma Abid, Mahdi Belgidoum, M. Hadjadj, B. Ozcelik
Since limited research was conducted on studying the Pulicaria laciniata (P. laciniata (Coss and Kral)) aerial parts, this study was carried out. This study aimed to determine and classify three main extracts constituents by GC/MS, HPLC-PDA and screen there in vitro biological potency as the Antioxidant capacity, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer's and anti-obesity activities. In which three extraction was affected with Chloroform, Ethyl acetate and n-Butanol each extract was characterised with GC/MS and HPLC-PDA, after that the capacities of the extracted molecules was evaluated against the ABTS free radical, ferric iron, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholine esterase and the pancreatic lipase in order to investigate the mentioned activities. As a result, the n-Butanol and Ethyl acetate extracts had more polyphenols than the Chloroform extract. The most potent anti-obesity and anti- anti-alzeihmer action were demonstrated by the Chloroform extract through inhibition of pancreatic lipase and acetylcholinesterase.
由于对长寿草（P. laciniata (Coss and Kral)）气生部分的研究有限，因此开展了这项研究。本研究旨在通过 GC/MS、HPLC-PDA 对三种主要提取物成分进行确定和分类，并筛选其体外生物效力，如抗氧化能力、抗糖尿病、抗老年痴呆和抗肥胖活性。在氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇的三次萃取过程中，每种萃取物都通过气相色谱/质谱和高效液相色谱-PDA 进行了表征，然后评估了萃取分子对 ABTS 自由基、铁、α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶和胰脂肪酶的能力，以研究上述活性。结果发现，正丁醇和乙酸乙酯提取物中的多酚含量高于氯仿提取物。氯仿提取物通过抑制胰脂肪酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶，表现出了最有效的抗肥胖和抗高血脂作用。
{"title":"Investigations of Biological activities and Characterisation of Phytochemical constituents of Pulicaria laciniata extracts, an Endemic plant growing in south of Algeria","authors":"Kamilia Bireche, H. Dendougui, Mine Gultekin-Ozguven, S. Hasni, Yousef Rahmani, Asma Abid, Mahdi Belgidoum, M. Hadjadj, B. Ozcelik","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00120","url":null,"abstract":"Since limited research was conducted on studying the Pulicaria laciniata (P. laciniata (Coss and Kral)) aerial parts, this study was carried out. This study aimed to determine and classify three main extracts constituents by GC/MS, HPLC-PDA and screen there in vitro biological potency as the Antioxidant capacity, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer's and anti-obesity activities. In which three extraction was affected with Chloroform, Ethyl acetate and n-Butanol each extract was characterised with GC/MS and HPLC-PDA, after that the capacities of the extracted molecules was evaluated against the ABTS free radical, ferric iron, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholine esterase and the pancreatic lipase in order to investigate the mentioned activities. As a result, the n-Butanol and Ethyl acetate extracts had more polyphenols than the Chloroform extract. The most potent anti-obesity and anti- anti-alzeihmer action were demonstrated by the Chloroform extract through inhibition of pancreatic lipase and acetylcholinesterase.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine acute toxicity and Synergistic effect of the anti-melanogenic activity of methanolic extract Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus sineus on zebrafish. Materials and method: Fish embryo toxicity (FET) was studied as per OECD guidelines 236. The LC50 and maximum non-lethal concentration of both the extracts were calculated. The images of zebrafish larvae exposed to different concentrations of methanolic extracts and their combination were taken by using labomed digital microscope. The skin whitening effect of extract was studied by measuring integrated density of images by using imageJ software Result: LC50 Value and maximum non-lethal concentration of methanolic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus sineus were found to be 56.23ppm and 34.7ppm respectively. The result revealed significant reduction in percentage hatchability (p < 0.0014 for glycyrrhiza glabra and p<0.0011 for Citrus sinenus), dose dependant increased in percentage mortality and different developmental morphological abnormalities in zebrafish embryos exposed to the methanolic extracts Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus sineus. The synergistic effect of herbal extracts was found to be more effective in reducing the melanin content. Conclusion: Very High concentration of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus Sineus showed teratogenic effect in zebrafish embryoes. However, based on OECD aquatic toxicity classification, both the extracts were found to be safe. Our study also revealed synergestic skin whitening effect of both the extracts in zebrafish larvae which might be due to reduction of melatonin content by these extracts.
{"title":"Comparative Teratogenic and Skin whitening effect of Herbal extract Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus sineus on Zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"Shaikh Saba, Abusufiyan Shaikh, Ajaz Ahmed, Nameerah Rakhe, Trupti Parab, Saniya Khan","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00102","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine acute toxicity and Synergistic effect of the anti-melanogenic activity of methanolic extract Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus sineus on zebrafish. Materials and method: Fish embryo toxicity (FET) was studied as per OECD guidelines 236. The LC50 and maximum non-lethal concentration of both the extracts were calculated. The images of zebrafish larvae exposed to different concentrations of methanolic extracts and their combination were taken by using labomed digital microscope. The skin whitening effect of extract was studied by measuring integrated density of images by using imageJ software Result: LC50 Value and maximum non-lethal concentration of methanolic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus sineus were found to be 56.23ppm and 34.7ppm respectively. The result revealed significant reduction in percentage hatchability (p < 0.0014 for glycyrrhiza glabra and p<0.0011 for Citrus sinenus), dose dependant increased in percentage mortality and different developmental morphological abnormalities in zebrafish embryos exposed to the methanolic extracts Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus sineus. The synergistic effect of herbal extracts was found to be more effective in reducing the melanin content. Conclusion: Very High concentration of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Citrus Sineus showed teratogenic effect in zebrafish embryoes. However, based on OECD aquatic toxicity classification, both the extracts were found to be safe. Our study also revealed synergestic skin whitening effect of both the extracts in zebrafish larvae which might be due to reduction of melatonin content by these extracts.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"174 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00149
Mohammed Nazish Quasmi, Pooja Pooja, Sumit Kumar
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a condition of neurodegeneration characterised by the decreased levels of dopaminergic neurons. Some of the physical issues with PD include resting tremors, stiffness, bradykinesia or akinesia, instability, and freezing. Damage to the brain's SN and other regions is present in PD. Reactive oxygen species are important and oxidative stress may be related to the disorder (ROS). There are active components in many herbal treatments that have been found to have antioxidant benefits. Therefore, the importance of herbal remedies in the management of PD cannot be undermind. The major goal of the current review is to examining the Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis (PD) and describes function of several potential herbal extracts on its pathogenesis, which may serve as the foundation for treatment. We also go into the chemical components that are present in each herb and useful in treating Parkinson's disease. These herbs are Mucuna pruriens (MP, kapikacchu), Centella asiatica (CA, Mandookaparni), Bacopa monnieri (BM, Brahmi), Cinnamomum verum (CV, cinnamon), Sida cordifolia (SC, bala), Juglandis semen (JS, walnut), Camellia sinens (CS, green tea), Curcuma longa (CL, turmeric), Withania somnifera (PL, kudzu). Future drug development for the successful treatment of PD may benefit from the findings of the current review.
{"title":"Various herbal remedies for the management of Parkinson’s disease: A Review","authors":"Mohammed Nazish Quasmi, Pooja Pooja, Sumit Kumar","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00149","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD) is a condition of neurodegeneration characterised by the decreased levels of dopaminergic neurons. Some of the physical issues with PD include resting tremors, stiffness, bradykinesia or akinesia, instability, and freezing. Damage to the brain's SN and other regions is present in PD. Reactive oxygen species are important and oxidative stress may be related to the disorder (ROS). There are active components in many herbal treatments that have been found to have antioxidant benefits. Therefore, the importance of herbal remedies in the management of PD cannot be undermind. The major goal of the current review is to examining the Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis (PD) and describes function of several potential herbal extracts on its pathogenesis, which may serve as the foundation for treatment. We also go into the chemical components that are present in each herb and useful in treating Parkinson's disease. These herbs are Mucuna pruriens (MP, kapikacchu), Centella asiatica (CA, Mandookaparni), Bacopa monnieri (BM, Brahmi), Cinnamomum verum (CV, cinnamon), Sida cordifolia (SC, bala), Juglandis semen (JS, walnut), Camellia sinens (CS, green tea), Curcuma longa (CL, turmeric), Withania somnifera (PL, kudzu). Future drug development for the successful treatment of PD may benefit from the findings of the current review.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"529 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00100
Mohammed Naveez Valathoor, Subhashree Venugopal
Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1344(S.typhi) is a non typhoidal bacteria which may cause infection in human gastrointestinal tract, may cause abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and inflammation some times which may lead to the human death. A comparative study of hypothetical outer membrane proteins of Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1344 (S.typhi) was performed using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatics is a source to analyse whole genomic sequence of a vast number of uncharacterized genes. Online databases like UniProt, String, Pfam and other tools were used. Thirteen uncharacterized and hypothetical protein present in outer membrane of the bacteria S.typhi were retrieved from UniProt and its structure and function were studied. In this study the cellular function, pathway of enzyme interaction, antibiotic resistance were analyzed. The structure of the protein as well the function of these proteins provides better understanding to perform molecular docking and identification of small molecule inhibitors.
{"title":"In silico Analysis of Structure and Function of Hypothetical Proteins in Salmonella typhimurium (SL1344)","authors":"Mohammed Naveez Valathoor, Subhashree Venugopal","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00100","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1344(S.typhi) is a non typhoidal bacteria which may cause infection in human gastrointestinal tract, may cause abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and inflammation some times which may lead to the human death. A comparative study of hypothetical outer membrane proteins of Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1344 (S.typhi) was performed using bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatics is a source to analyse whole genomic sequence of a vast number of uncharacterized genes. Online databases like UniProt, String, Pfam and other tools were used. Thirteen uncharacterized and hypothetical protein present in outer membrane of the bacteria S.typhi were retrieved from UniProt and its structure and function were studied. In this study the cellular function, pathway of enzyme interaction, antibiotic resistance were analyzed. The structure of the protein as well the function of these proteins provides better understanding to perform molecular docking and identification of small molecule inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"138 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Periodontitis is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gingiva and tooth supporting tissue, causing inflammatory-immune disorders. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) is a kind of protease that is implicated in the case of periodontitis and can be used in the role of a biomarker. Erythromycin is a type of antibiotic that can be used to treat a variety of bacterial diseases, such as periodontitis. This study aimed to observed that patients with periodontitis have higher levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 can be reduced with erythromycin. Article references were searched from multiple sources such as google scholar, sciencedirect, NCBI, and Pubmed. The review employed the approach to compare the literature using the same keywords, then came to conclusions. The discovered theories are then summarized in a continuous sequence so that readers can better understand the ideas and advances presented. There were 46 articles from google scholar, sciencedirect, NCBI, and Pubmed that related to diverse literatures. Overall, these results indicate that in periodontitis patients, erythromycin can inhibit MMP 8 production. In periodontitis patients, the medication erythromycin can suppress the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and hence the inflamation.
牙周炎是一种影响牙龈和牙齿支持组织的慢性细菌感染，会引起炎症性免疫紊乱。基质金属蛋白酶-8（MMP-8）是一种与牙周炎有关的蛋白酶，可用作生物标志物。红霉素是一种抗生素，可用于治疗多种细菌性疾病，如牙周炎。本研究旨在观察牙周炎患者体内较高水平的基质金属蛋白酶-8在使用红霉素后能否降低。研究人员从谷歌学术、sciencedirect、NCBI和Pubmed等多个来源搜索文章参考文献。综述采用的方法是使用相同的关键词对文献进行比较，然后得出结论。然后对发现的理论进行连续总结，以便读者更好地理解所提出的观点和进展。共有 46 篇文章来自 google scholar、sciencedirect、NCBI 和 Pubmed，涉及不同的文献。总之，这些结果表明，在牙周炎患者中，红霉素可以抑制 MMP 8 的产生。在牙周炎患者中，红霉素药物可以抑制基质金属蛋白酶-8（MMP-8）的合成，从而抑制炎症。
{"title":"Decrease Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 after Adduction of Erythromycin to Periodontitis patients: A Narrative Review","authors":"Balwinjit Kaur Sidhu, Retno Pudji Rahayu, Edhi Jularso, Vegananda Wahyu, Anis Fatima Zafar","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00078","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gingiva and tooth supporting tissue, causing inflammatory-immune disorders. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) is a kind of protease that is implicated in the case of periodontitis and can be used in the role of a biomarker. Erythromycin is a type of antibiotic that can be used to treat a variety of bacterial diseases, such as periodontitis. This study aimed to observed that patients with periodontitis have higher levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 can be reduced with erythromycin. Article references were searched from multiple sources such as google scholar, sciencedirect, NCBI, and Pubmed. The review employed the approach to compare the literature using the same keywords, then came to conclusions. The discovered theories are then summarized in a continuous sequence so that readers can better understand the ideas and advances presented. There were 46 articles from google scholar, sciencedirect, NCBI, and Pubmed that related to diverse literatures. Overall, these results indicate that in periodontitis patients, erythromycin can inhibit MMP 8 production. In periodontitis patients, the medication erythromycin can suppress the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and hence the inflamation.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"147 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00098
Ismail Bennani, Hajar Benhaddou, Ali Cherif Chefchaouni, Younes Rahali, Madiha Chentoufi Alami, Aicha Fahry, Yassir El Alaoui, Abdeslam El Kartouti, Youssef Hafidi, A. Laatiris, N. Cherkaoui
This study aims to evaluate the similarity of in-vitro dissolution profiles, of commercially available generics of diclofenac sodium delayed-release tablets, of 25mg strength, with the innovator brand in Moroccan Market. Dissolution profiles for five brands were determined using the paddle method from the United States Pharmacopoeia. For the aptitude verification of the method, in our experimental conditions, linearity and accuracy tests were performed. The rate of dissolution was determined by Ultra-Violet Spectroscopy at 276nm. The assessment between the generics and the brand medicine was carried out under the similarity factor approach. We also presented an overview of the dissolution principles of tablet dosage form, and the pharmacopoeia dissolution test recommendations in our case. To compliance with US pharmacopoeia specifications, the rate of dissolution should be not more than 10% after 2hours in the acid stage, and not less than 75% at 45 minutes in the buffer stage. Furthermore, two dissolution profiles are considered similar when the f2 value is ≥50. According to routine quality control, evaluating the rate dissolution at the final point, all the generic medicines marketed in Morocco, meet the specification of the dissolution testing. However, using the comparison of dissolution profiles, only generic-2 is interchangeable with the innovator brand.
{"title":"Comparison of In vitro Dissolution Tests of five brands of Diclofenac Sodium delayed release tablets in Moroccan market","authors":"Ismail Bennani, Hajar Benhaddou, Ali Cherif Chefchaouni, Younes Rahali, Madiha Chentoufi Alami, Aicha Fahry, Yassir El Alaoui, Abdeslam El Kartouti, Youssef Hafidi, A. Laatiris, N. Cherkaoui","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00098","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the similarity of in-vitro dissolution profiles, of commercially available generics of diclofenac sodium delayed-release tablets, of 25mg strength, with the innovator brand in Moroccan Market. Dissolution profiles for five brands were determined using the paddle method from the United States Pharmacopoeia. For the aptitude verification of the method, in our experimental conditions, linearity and accuracy tests were performed. The rate of dissolution was determined by Ultra-Violet Spectroscopy at 276nm. The assessment between the generics and the brand medicine was carried out under the similarity factor approach. We also presented an overview of the dissolution principles of tablet dosage form, and the pharmacopoeia dissolution test recommendations in our case. To compliance with US pharmacopoeia specifications, the rate of dissolution should be not more than 10% after 2hours in the acid stage, and not less than 75% at 45 minutes in the buffer stage. Furthermore, two dissolution profiles are considered similar when the f2 value is ≥50. According to routine quality control, evaluating the rate dissolution at the final point, all the generic medicines marketed in Morocco, meet the specification of the dissolution testing. However, using the comparison of dissolution profiles, only generic-2 is interchangeable with the innovator brand.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00133
Tarik Bouganssa, Adil Salbi, Samar Aarabi, A. Lasfar, Abdellatif El Afia
In this work, new ideas in the realm of picture identification and classification are developed and implemented on hardware. This entails putting new algorithms into practice, whether for color, texture, or shape identification for AI (Artificial Intelligence) and picture recognition applications. We concentrate on identifying edible mushrooms in the harvesting and food manufacturing processes. Our proposal for an embedded system based on a Raspberry-Pi4 type microcomputer employing a combination of hardware and software components has helped with the recognition and classification of items in the image. Our object recognition system is built on a novel neighborhood topology and a cutting-edge kernel function that enables the effective embedding of image processing-related characteristics. We tested the suggested CNN-based object recognition system using a variety of challenging settings, including diverse fungus species, uncontrolled environments, and varying backdrop and illumination conditions. The outcomes were superior to various state-of-the-art outcomes. On the other hand, our contribution relating to the dynamic mode integrates a CNN network to accurately encode the temporal information with an attention mask allowing us to focus on the characteristics of an edible mushroom according to the state of the art, and guarantee the robustness of the recognition. We implemented our algorithm on a Raspberry Pi400-based embedded system connected to a CMOS camera-type image sensor plus an HMI human-machine interface for the instantaneous display of results for the rapid classification of edible and inedible mushrooms.
{"title":"Recognition of Mushrooms and Classification of Edible and Toxic Families using Hardware Implementation of CNN Algorithms on an Embedded system","authors":"Tarik Bouganssa, Adil Salbi, Samar Aarabi, A. Lasfar, Abdellatif El Afia","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00133","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, new ideas in the realm of picture identification and classification are developed and implemented on hardware. This entails putting new algorithms into practice, whether for color, texture, or shape identification for AI (Artificial Intelligence) and picture recognition applications. We concentrate on identifying edible mushrooms in the harvesting and food manufacturing processes. Our proposal for an embedded system based on a Raspberry-Pi4 type microcomputer employing a combination of hardware and software components has helped with the recognition and classification of items in the image. Our object recognition system is built on a novel neighborhood topology and a cutting-edge kernel function that enables the effective embedding of image processing-related characteristics. We tested the suggested CNN-based object recognition system using a variety of challenging settings, including diverse fungus species, uncontrolled environments, and varying backdrop and illumination conditions. The outcomes were superior to various state-of-the-art outcomes. On the other hand, our contribution relating to the dynamic mode integrates a CNN network to accurately encode the temporal information with an attention mask allowing us to focus on the characteristics of an edible mushroom according to the state of the art, and guarantee the robustness of the recognition. We implemented our algorithm on a Raspberry Pi400-based embedded system connected to a CMOS camera-type image sensor plus an HMI human-machine interface for the instantaneous display of results for the rapid classification of edible and inedible mushrooms.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"125 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00107
Biswajit Banerjee, Tripti Sharma, Ipsa Padhy, Arijit Mondal, Anup Choudhury
The novel imidazole topical drug luliconazole (LCZ) has potent antifungal efficacy against a wide variety of fungi. When applied to the skin, LCZ has tremendous promise as an antifungal agent, however, constrained by its poor skin permeability and limited solubility, requiring protracted therapy and repeated dosage to achieve full recovery. The current work explains the formulation and characterization of a cationic gel prepared by using Guar Gum (GG) and pH was adjusted by using NaOH solution. The created formulation was white in color. The FTIR spectroscopy analysis shows that the medication and polymer did not react with one another. The cumulative percentage drug release suggested that LCZ was released from the formulations. All the release kinetics show that drug release from the formulation was in Fickian transport nature. The correlation value was found to be more than 0.90 in all the fitted release models. The pH of each formulation fell within the predetermined range.The prepared LCZ gel shows a viscosity between 13000 to 28000 cps, which is a very good topical application.
{"title":"Fabrication and Evaluation of Luliconazole contains Cationic Guar Gum intended to use for Topical application","authors":"Biswajit Banerjee, Tripti Sharma, Ipsa Padhy, Arijit Mondal, Anup Choudhury","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00107","url":null,"abstract":"The novel imidazole topical drug luliconazole (LCZ) has potent antifungal efficacy against a wide variety of fungi. When applied to the skin, LCZ has tremendous promise as an antifungal agent, however, constrained by its poor skin permeability and limited solubility, requiring protracted therapy and repeated dosage to achieve full recovery. The current work explains the formulation and characterization of a cationic gel prepared by using Guar Gum (GG) and pH was adjusted by using NaOH solution. The created formulation was white in color. The FTIR spectroscopy analysis shows that the medication and polymer did not react with one another. The cumulative percentage drug release suggested that LCZ was released from the formulations. All the release kinetics show that drug release from the formulation was in Fickian transport nature. The correlation value was found to be more than 0.90 in all the fitted release models. The pH of each formulation fell within the predetermined range.The prepared LCZ gel shows a viscosity between 13000 to 28000 cps, which is a very good topical application.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"654 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an acute subset of coronary heart disease that requires immediate treatment. ACS is at a high prevalence in Indonesia. Homocysteine is another product of methionine metabolism. Hyperhomocysteinemia is known to cause ACS through several mechanisms, namely inducing oxidative stress, endothelial injury, and increased likelihood of plaque rupture. Vitamin D is a hormone needed by the body that comes from food or is produced through the metabolism of Vitamin D. Vitamin D functions as an anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic agent. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between homocysteine level and Vitamin D deficiency with acute coronary syndrome incidence. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, observational analysis study with 90 subjects. Subjects were enrolled into two groups; patients with ACS and patients with health control based on age. All subjects were selected from Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. Serum homocysteine level and Vitamin D deficiency were calculated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between serum homocysteine level and Results: Ninety subjects were obtained in this study. The mean age was 62.1±10.9 years (among patients with ACS) and 60.1±10.3 years (healthy persons), with 55.6% male patients. The traditional risk factors i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were 62.2%, 91.1%, and 75.6%, respectively. The Chi-square analysis results showed homocysteine level and ACS obtained a contingency coefficient of 0.270 (p = 0.008) and Vitamin D with ACS had a contingency coefficient of 0.468 (p = < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a weak association between homocysteine level and ACS and a moderate association between Vitamin D deficiency and ACS.
背景：急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）是冠心病的急性分支，需要立即治疗。急性冠状动脉综合征在印度尼西亚的发病率很高。同型半胱氨酸是蛋氨酸代谢的另一种产物。众所周知，高同型半胱氨酸血症会通过几种机制导致 ACS，即诱发氧化应激、内皮损伤和增加斑块破裂的可能性。维生素 D 是人体所需的一种激素，它来自食物或通过维生素 D 的新陈代谢产生。本研究旨在分析同型半胱氨酸水平和维生素 D 缺乏与急性冠脉综合征发病率之间的关系。研究方法本研究是一项横断面观察分析研究，共有 90 名受试者。受试者根据年龄分为两组：急性冠状动脉综合征患者和健康控制患者。所有受试者均来自泗水艾尔朗加大学医院。使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）计算血清同型半胱氨酸水平和维生素 D 缺乏症。血清同型半胱氨酸水平与结果之间的关系：本研究共纳入 90 名受试者。平均年龄为（62.1±10.9）岁（ACS 患者）和（60.1±10.3）岁（健康人），男性患者占 55.6%。糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常等传统危险因素分别占 62.2%、91.1% 和 75.6%。卡方分析结果显示，同型半胱氨酸水平与 ACS 的或然系数为 0.270（P = 0.008），维生素 D 与 ACS 的或然系数为 0.468（P = < 0.001）。结论同型半胱氨酸水平与 ACS 之间存在微弱关联，维生素 D 缺乏与 ACS 之间存在中度关联。
{"title":"Association between Homocysteine Level and Vitamin D Deficiency with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Indonesia","authors":"Teguh Satrio, Puspa Wardhani, Muhamad Robiul Fuadi, H. Susilo, Atika Atika","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00108","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an acute subset of coronary heart disease that requires immediate treatment. ACS is at a high prevalence in Indonesia. Homocysteine is another product of methionine metabolism. Hyperhomocysteinemia is known to cause ACS through several mechanisms, namely inducing oxidative stress, endothelial injury, and increased likelihood of plaque rupture. Vitamin D is a hormone needed by the body that comes from food or is produced through the metabolism of Vitamin D. Vitamin D functions as an anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic agent. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between homocysteine level and Vitamin D deficiency with acute coronary syndrome incidence. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, observational analysis study with 90 subjects. Subjects were enrolled into two groups; patients with ACS and patients with health control based on age. All subjects were selected from Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. Serum homocysteine level and Vitamin D deficiency were calculated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between serum homocysteine level and Results: Ninety subjects were obtained in this study. The mean age was 62.1±10.9 years (among patients with ACS) and 60.1±10.3 years (healthy persons), with 55.6% male patients. The traditional risk factors i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were 62.2%, 91.1%, and 75.6%, respectively. The Chi-square analysis results showed homocysteine level and ACS obtained a contingency coefficient of 0.270 (p = 0.008) and Vitamin D with ACS had a contingency coefficient of 0.468 (p = < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a weak association between homocysteine level and ACS and a moderate association between Vitamin D deficiency and ACS.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"290 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00114
Mohammad Reza Soltani, Parisa Kazemi, Amir Mohammad Shirkhani
Introduction: Emergence of superficial enamel roughness following orthodontic bracket debonding leads to the accumulation of microbial plaque, resulting in the development of dental caries and compromising the aesthetics and health of the tooth enamel. The objective of this current study is to investigate the Enamel Surface Roughness after Orthodontic Brackets Debonding and Surface Polishing with Restorative and Orthodontic Composites. Materials and Methods: In the present study, three types of composites were used for bonding metal orthodontic brackets. The samples were randomly divided into three cure groups: XT, GC, and SHOFU. Subsequently, the brackets were debonded, and the target surfaces were treated using a carbide bur for one minute by an operator to remove adhesive remnants and be prepared for bonding. The superficial enamel roughness was then examined. Furthermore, the samples were evaluated for the Adhesive Remnant Index before and after adhesive removal and enamel surface preparation. The data were analyzed using ANOVA test and SPSS software version 22. Results: The results indicated that there was no significant difference in surface roughness among the tested groups. However, a significant difference was observed between the surface roughness of the experimental groups and the healthy enamel surface (P<0.05). Moreover, among the different experimental groups, there were statistically significant differences in the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) after bracket debonding, before and after enamel surface cleaning. These differences were primarily due to distinctions between the XT and SHOFU groups, as well as between the GC and SHOFU groups. However, there was no significant difference in ARI before and after enamel surface cleaning between the XT and GC groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate a desirable and acceptable performance of the composite material. It is suggested that future studies focus on a comparative investigation of several cleaning and surface preparation systems.
{"title":"Comparison of Enamel Surface Roughness after Orthodontic Brackets Debonding and Surface Polishing with Restorative and Orthodontic Composites","authors":"Mohammad Reza Soltani, Parisa Kazemi, Amir Mohammad Shirkhani","doi":"10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360x.2024.00114","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Emergence of superficial enamel roughness following orthodontic bracket debonding leads to the accumulation of microbial plaque, resulting in the development of dental caries and compromising the aesthetics and health of the tooth enamel. The objective of this current study is to investigate the Enamel Surface Roughness after Orthodontic Brackets Debonding and Surface Polishing with Restorative and Orthodontic Composites. Materials and Methods: In the present study, three types of composites were used for bonding metal orthodontic brackets. The samples were randomly divided into three cure groups: XT, GC, and SHOFU. Subsequently, the brackets were debonded, and the target surfaces were treated using a carbide bur for one minute by an operator to remove adhesive remnants and be prepared for bonding. The superficial enamel roughness was then examined. Furthermore, the samples were evaluated for the Adhesive Remnant Index before and after adhesive removal and enamel surface preparation. The data were analyzed using ANOVA test and SPSS software version 22. Results: The results indicated that there was no significant difference in surface roughness among the tested groups. However, a significant difference was observed between the surface roughness of the experimental groups and the healthy enamel surface (P<0.05). Moreover, among the different experimental groups, there were statistically significant differences in the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) after bracket debonding, before and after enamel surface cleaning. These differences were primarily due to distinctions between the XT and SHOFU groups, as well as between the GC and SHOFU groups. However, there was no significant difference in ARI before and after enamel surface cleaning between the XT and GC groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate a desirable and acceptable performance of the composite material. It is suggested that future studies focus on a comparative investigation of several cleaning and surface preparation systems.","PeriodicalId":21141,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology","volume":"292 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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