Alessandra dos Santos Danziger Silvério, R. T. G. Pereira, S. Duarte, S. Figueiredo, C. Ferreira, A. R. Lima, F. Paula, Tomaz Henrique Araújo, E. Ferreira, M. R. Rodrigues
Coffee is a mixture of substances with potential beneficial and adverse health effects. Several studies demonstrate the antioxidant effect of the phenolics compounds present in coffee. Neutrophils produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating NOX2, which plays a key role in organism defense against microbial pathogens. Diabetes mellitus patients are more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The present study evaluated the influence of coffee beverage on NOX2 activity and ROS generation and the impact of this effect on phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans by neutrophils from diabetic and non-diabetic animals. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats using 2% alloxan. Diabetic and non-diabetic animals were divided into groups treated and untreated with coffee drink (7.2 mL/kg/day) or apocyanine (16 mg/kg/day) for 50 days. After 50 days, the animals' glycemic profile was measured by blood glucose and HbA1c tests. The generation of ROS in neutrophilic cells was measured by chemiluminescence and cytochrome C reduction assays. C. albicans phagocytosis and death were evaluated by optical microscopy using the May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining method. The coffee drink has not altered the glycemic profile and NOX2 activity of the animals. However, coffee reduced the ROS pool in non-diabetic and diabetic animals, but this activity did not harm the phagocytosis or killing of neutrophils. Treatment with apocyanin decreased ROS production and killing capacity of neutrophils from non-diabetic animals against C. albicans. We suggest that the coffee drink intake prevents oxidative damage and does not impair response of the organism against opportunistic microorganism.
{"title":"Coffee beverage reduces ROS production and does not affect the organism s response against Candida albicans","authors":"Alessandra dos Santos Danziger Silvério, R. T. G. Pereira, S. Duarte, S. Figueiredo, C. Ferreira, A. R. Lima, F. Paula, Tomaz Henrique Araújo, E. Ferreira, M. R. Rodrigues","doi":"10.4322/2179-443x.0684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443x.0684","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee is a mixture of substances with potential beneficial and adverse health effects. Several studies demonstrate the antioxidant effect of the phenolics compounds present in coffee. Neutrophils produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating NOX2, which plays a key role in organism defense against microbial pathogens. Diabetes mellitus patients are more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The present study evaluated the influence of coffee beverage on NOX2 activity and ROS generation and the impact of this effect on phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans by neutrophils from diabetic and non-diabetic animals. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats using 2% alloxan. Diabetic and non-diabetic animals were divided into groups treated and untreated with coffee drink (7.2 mL/kg/day) or apocyanine (16 mg/kg/day) for 50 days. After 50 days, the animals' glycemic profile was measured by blood glucose and HbA1c tests. The generation of ROS in neutrophilic cells was measured by chemiluminescence and cytochrome C reduction assays. C. albicans phagocytosis and death were evaluated by optical microscopy using the May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining method. The coffee drink has not altered the glycemic profile and NOX2 activity of the animals. However, coffee reduced the ROS pool in non-diabetic and diabetic animals, but this activity did not harm the phagocytosis or killing of neutrophils. Treatment with apocyanin decreased ROS production and killing capacity of neutrophils from non-diabetic animals against C. albicans. We suggest that the coffee drink intake prevents oxidative damage and does not impair response of the organism against opportunistic microorganism.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78720427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. S. Monteiro, J. S. Costa, Lenivaldo Jorge Alves Martins, Cláudia Quintino Rocha, A. C. Borges, M. O. R. Borges
Aim: Since other species of the Bignoniaceae Family presented of antispasmodic activity, it was decided, by chemotaxonomic criterion, to determine the antispasmodic activity of the leaves of Arrabidaea brachypoda. Methodology: the segments of the rat jejunum were suspended in glass vats containing specific saline solution, at an appropriate temperature, and after stabilization period, were stimulated by a contractile agent to observe the inhibitory or relaxing effect of EHFAB. Results: EH-FAB showed the presence of 10 compounds, mainly rutin and it has an antispasmodic activity as it inhibits the phasic component and relaxes the tonic component of the contraction in isolated rat jejunum. To assess the mechanism of antispasmodic action, cumulative curves to the CCh were performed in which a non-competitive antagonism was observed, due to a displacement of the control curve to the right and reduction of the maximum contraction effect (Emax). Afterward, the participation of the calcium and/or potassium channels was evaluated by increasing the extracellular potassium, and it was observed that the EH-FAB relaxed the rat jejunum, suggesting the participation of the Ca2+ channels. To corroborate that hypothesis, the EH-FAB was tested against cumulative curves to Ca2+ in a free depolarizing solution of Ca2+, and it was observed that there was a shift of the curve to the right with a reduction in Emax. Conclusions: EH-FAB presents antispasmodic activity in isolated rat jejunum and it is suggested to block the influx of Ca2+ through voltage-gated calcium channels, signaling the therapeutic potential for the treatment of colic and/or diarrhea.
{"title":"Hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau present antispasmodic activity mediated through calcium influx blockage","authors":"F. S. Monteiro, J. S. Costa, Lenivaldo Jorge Alves Martins, Cláudia Quintino Rocha, A. C. Borges, M. O. R. Borges","doi":"10.4322/2179-443x.0667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443x.0667","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Since other species of the Bignoniaceae Family presented of antispasmodic activity, it was decided, by chemotaxonomic criterion, to determine the antispasmodic activity of the leaves of Arrabidaea brachypoda. Methodology: the segments of the rat jejunum were suspended in glass vats containing specific saline solution, at an appropriate temperature, and after stabilization period, were stimulated by a contractile agent to observe the inhibitory or relaxing effect of EHFAB. Results: EH-FAB showed the presence of 10 compounds, mainly rutin and it has an antispasmodic activity as it inhibits the phasic component and relaxes the tonic component of the contraction in isolated rat jejunum. To assess the mechanism of antispasmodic action, cumulative curves to the CCh were performed in which a non-competitive antagonism was observed, due to a displacement of the control curve to the right and reduction of the maximum contraction effect (Emax). Afterward, the participation of the calcium and/or potassium channels was evaluated by increasing the extracellular potassium, and it was observed that the EH-FAB relaxed the rat jejunum, suggesting the participation of the Ca2+ channels. To corroborate that hypothesis, the EH-FAB was tested against cumulative curves to Ca2+ in a free depolarizing solution of Ca2+, and it was observed that there was a shift of the curve to the right with a reduction in Emax. Conclusions: EH-FAB presents antispasmodic activity in isolated rat jejunum and it is suggested to block the influx of Ca2+ through voltage-gated calcium channels, signaling the therapeutic potential for the treatment of colic and/or diarrhea.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80926686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adrielly dos Santos, W. Silva, M. Santana, J. Campos
To identify the prevalence of distortion and dissatisfaction with the body size of Brazilian university students, and establish their relationship with the demographic and academic characteristics and the anthropometric nutritional status. The sample consisted of students from a public university in the state of Sao Paulo. The Figure Rating Scale (FRS) for Brazilian adults was used as an instrument. The participants selected the figure that corresponded to the current body and another one for the desired body. The prevalence of distortion and dissatisfaction with body size was calculated with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The association between the variables was evaluated by the Chi-Square Test (χ2). The significance level of 5% was adopted. A total of 356 students (women=71.63%) with a mean age of 20.95 (SD=2.55) years participated. The prevalence of distortion and dissatisfaction with body size was 73.03% (95% CI=68.23–77.83) and 79.49% (95% CI=75.3–83.68), respectively. There was a high prevalence of distortion with body size among individuals with low weight (χ2=9.523, p=0.009). Students who distorted the body size (52.31% [95% CI=47.12–57.50]) underestimated their body size. The type of distortion was related to sex (χ2=26.35, p<0.001), physical activity (χ2=4.51, p=0.034), use of supplements (χ2=4.62, p=0.032), and the anthropometric nutritional status (χ2=9.05, p=0.011). Students dissatisfied with the body (58.66% [95% CI=52.92–64.40]) wished to reduce the body size. The type of dissatisfaction was related to sex (χ2=5.79, p=0.016) and anthropometric nutritional status (χ2=89.83, p<0.001). The prevalence of body size underestimation was higher among men, students who practice physical activity, subjects using dietary supplements and underweight individuals. The wish to decrease body size was higher among women and overweight/obese individuals.
{"title":"Distortion and dissatisfaction with body size per the demographic and academic characteristics and the nutritional status of university students","authors":"Adrielly dos Santos, W. Silva, M. Santana, J. Campos","doi":"10.4322/2179-443X.0665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443X.0665","url":null,"abstract":"To identify the prevalence of distortion and dissatisfaction with the body size of Brazilian university students, and establish their relationship with the demographic and academic characteristics and the anthropometric nutritional status. The sample consisted of students from a public university in the state of Sao Paulo. The Figure Rating Scale (FRS) for Brazilian adults was used as an instrument. The participants selected the figure that corresponded to the current body and another one for the desired body. The prevalence of distortion and dissatisfaction with body size was calculated with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The association between the variables was evaluated by the Chi-Square Test (χ2). The significance level of 5% was adopted. A total of 356 students (women=71.63%) with a mean age of 20.95 (SD=2.55) years participated. The prevalence of distortion and dissatisfaction with body size was 73.03% (95% CI=68.23–77.83) and 79.49% (95% CI=75.3–83.68), respectively. There was a high prevalence of distortion with body size among individuals with low weight (χ2=9.523, p=0.009). Students who distorted the body size (52.31% [95% CI=47.12–57.50]) underestimated their body size. The type of distortion was related to sex (χ2=26.35, p<0.001), physical activity (χ2=4.51, p=0.034), use of supplements (χ2=4.62, p=0.032), and the anthropometric nutritional status (χ2=9.05, p=0.011). Students dissatisfied with the body (58.66% [95% CI=52.92–64.40]) wished to reduce the body size. The type of dissatisfaction was related to sex (χ2=5.79, p=0.016) and anthropometric nutritional status (χ2=89.83, p<0.001). The prevalence of body size underestimation was higher among men, students who practice physical activity, subjects using dietary supplements and underweight individuals. The wish to decrease body size was higher among women and overweight/obese individuals.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88338300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The skin is the largest and most exposed organ of the human body, therefore subject to diseases and alteration of its appearance. Among these alterations, the cutaneous hyperchromia may be cited. Currently, the market offers numerous products with depigmenting action to the treatment of such disorders. The aim of this work was to analyze depigmenting products commercialized in establishments in the city of Bento Goncalves (RS, Brazil) and websites of cosmetic companies. It was found 45 products with depigmenting action and, from these, 59 different active agents were identified. The main active compounds found were kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid, hydroquinone and glycolic acid. Another observed data was that in 78% of the studied productsthe active substances were being used in combination. The most used vehicles were also studied as a reference to the use of sunscreen in the treatment of cutaneous hyperchromia. The present work had identified in the market a variety of products with depigmentation action and, because of this, it aims to serve as a reference to the healthcare professionals, especially at the prescribing moment, looking for the best results, with regards to treatment efficiency and safety.
{"title":"Profile of depigmenting cosmetics and dermatological products on the market","authors":"Priscila Aparecida Rotava, J. Favero, Keth Ribeiro Garcia, Valéria Weiss Angeli","doi":"10.4322/2179-443X.0643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443X.0643","url":null,"abstract":"The skin is the largest and most exposed organ of the human body, therefore subject to diseases and alteration of its appearance. Among these alterations, the cutaneous hyperchromia may be cited. Currently, the market offers numerous products with depigmenting action to the treatment of such disorders. The aim of this work was to analyze depigmenting products commercialized in establishments in the city of Bento Goncalves (RS, Brazil) and websites of cosmetic companies. It was found 45 products with depigmenting action and, from these, 59 different active agents were identified. The main active compounds found were kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid, hydroquinone and glycolic acid. Another observed data was that in 78% of the studied productsthe active substances were being used in combination. The most used vehicles were also studied as a reference to the use of sunscreen in the treatment of cutaneous hyperchromia. The present work had identified in the market a variety of products with depigmentation action and, because of this, it aims to serve as a reference to the healthcare professionals, especially at the prescribing moment, looking for the best results, with regards to treatment efficiency and safety.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"102 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77052332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda Letícia Polli Silvestre, Maira Fagá, M. G. J. Almeida-Cincotto, B. G. Chiari-Andréo, T. P. Formariz
Formaldehyde is an active compound, irregularly used in hair products, that has the property of straighten and waterproofing the wires. However, it is highly toxic and can stimulate dermatological hypersensitivity and cancer. In this context it is of fundamental importance the inspection of these products that can be used in safe conditions for the consumer, without formaldehyde in concentrations higher than the allowed. Thus, the aim of this research was the qualitative and quantitative identification formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners that was obtained by donation in the beauty salons of Araraquara-SP. In addition, the analysis of the packaging labels of the products tested were conducted, following the requirements of the national legislation. A qualitative analysis for formaldehyde identification is based on the formation of a purple colored complex. The quantitative analysis was performed by spectrophotometry. The qualitative and quantitative formaldehyde analysis methods were applied to 13 bottles of hair straighteners. When submitted to qualitative analysis, all samples showed formaldehyde presence. The quantitative analysis demonstrated that the samples identified as B, C, D, E, G, H, I, J and M presented formaldehyde concentration of 3.5 to 14.5%, which is above of the limit recommended by the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), of 0.2%. In the label analysis, in all samples were found irregularities.
{"title":"Qualitative and quantitative analysis of formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners and suitability of the labels","authors":"Amanda Letícia Polli Silvestre, Maira Fagá, M. G. J. Almeida-Cincotto, B. G. Chiari-Andréo, T. P. Formariz","doi":"10.4322/2179-443x.0648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443x.0648","url":null,"abstract":"Formaldehyde is an active compound, irregularly used in hair products, that has the property of straighten and waterproofing the wires. However, it is highly toxic and can stimulate dermatological hypersensitivity and cancer. In this context it is of fundamental importance the inspection of these products that can be used in safe conditions for the consumer, without formaldehyde in concentrations higher than the allowed. Thus, the aim of this research was the qualitative and quantitative identification formaldehyde in samples of hair straighteners that was obtained by donation in the beauty salons of Araraquara-SP. In addition, the analysis of the packaging labels of the products tested were conducted, following the requirements of the national legislation. A qualitative analysis for formaldehyde identification is based on the formation of a purple colored complex. The quantitative analysis was performed by spectrophotometry. The qualitative and quantitative formaldehyde analysis methods were applied to 13 bottles of hair straighteners. When submitted to qualitative analysis, all samples showed formaldehyde presence. The quantitative analysis demonstrated that the samples identified as B, C, D, E, G, H, I, J and M presented formaldehyde concentration of 3.5 to 14.5%, which is above of the limit recommended by the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), of 0.2%. In the label analysis, in all samples were found irregularities.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84106228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renata M. Martinez, Clara Ruiza de Souza, Cristina P. B. Melo, M. Baracat, N. S. Arakawa, J. C. Duarte, W. Verri, R. Casagrande, S. Georgetti
Neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss. fam. Meliaceae) has been extensively employed to combat diverse pathologies. Moreover, it has been described that its leaf extract present anticarcinogenic action. Thus, the neem extract (NE) chemical and antioxidant properties was evaluated, and also, the capacity of two dermatological formulations incorporated with neem extract (F1 and F2) to avoid oxidative UVB-induced skin injury in hairless mice. NE constituents were investigated and free radical scavenging ability were determined by different methods in vitro. Skin from mice treated with F1 and F2 and submitted to UVB radiation were tested for different parameters of inflammation and oxidative injury. Results show that the NE polyphenol and flavonoid content were 135.30 and 37.12mg/g, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results demonstrated the existence of azarachtin, rutin, ursolic acid and tannic acid. NE presented scavenging ability by ABTS radical, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), inhibition of lipid peroxidation and iron chelation. In vivo, it was observed that mice treated with F1 and F2 showed amelioration of the inflammation by reducing UVB induced skin edema. However, only samples from animals treated with F1 had lower neutrophil recruitment (measured by myeloperoxidase activity), and returning the oxidative status to baseline levels in parameters such as reduced glutathione level, ferric reducing ability (FRAP), and scavenging of free radical (ABTS). Concluding, NE demonstrated a good antioxidant property in vitro, and the data suggest the use of NE added F1 to prevent skin damage caused by UVB irradiation.
{"title":"Prevention of UVB radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice by topical administration of Azadirachta indica (neem) extract","authors":"Renata M. Martinez, Clara Ruiza de Souza, Cristina P. B. Melo, M. Baracat, N. S. Arakawa, J. C. Duarte, W. Verri, R. Casagrande, S. Georgetti","doi":"10.4322/2179-443x.0633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443x.0633","url":null,"abstract":"Neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss. fam. Meliaceae) has been extensively employed to combat diverse pathologies. Moreover, it has been described that its leaf extract present anticarcinogenic action. Thus, the neem extract (NE) chemical and antioxidant properties was evaluated, and also, the capacity of two dermatological formulations incorporated with neem extract (F1 and F2) to avoid oxidative UVB-induced skin injury in hairless mice. NE constituents were investigated and free radical scavenging ability were determined by different methods in vitro. Skin from mice treated with F1 and F2 and submitted to UVB radiation were tested for different parameters of inflammation and oxidative injury. Results show that the NE polyphenol and flavonoid content were 135.30 and 37.12mg/g, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results demonstrated the existence of azarachtin, rutin, ursolic acid and tannic acid. NE presented scavenging ability by ABTS radical, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), inhibition of lipid peroxidation and iron chelation. In vivo, it was observed that mice treated with F1 and F2 showed amelioration of the inflammation by reducing UVB induced skin edema. However, only samples from animals treated with F1 had lower neutrophil recruitment (measured by myeloperoxidase activity), and returning the oxidative status to baseline levels in parameters such as reduced glutathione level, ferric reducing ability (FRAP), and scavenging of free radical (ABTS). Concluding, NE demonstrated a good antioxidant property in vitro, and the data suggest the use of NE added F1 to prevent skin damage caused by UVB irradiation.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"83 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83822167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Palas Atenéia Dantas de Medeiros, P. Silva, Luana Pinto de Arruda Sales, S. Mariz, S. Fook
The therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an important strategy for the effectiveness and safety of long-term pharmacotherapy, such as the use of phenobarbital as an anticonvulsant drug in epilepsy. In this sense, HLPC has been presented as a technique for the measurement of phenobarbital in serum. However, the ideal conditions for carrying out the method must be established for each laboratory reality. An analytical method using HPLC was developed and validated in order to identify and quantify Phenobarbital in blood. The chromatographic conditions were C-18 column (Shimpack XR-ODS 50L x 3.0), acetonitrile-water mobile phase (30:70, v v-1), 0.2 mL min-1 flow and reading wavelength of 210 nm. Linearity was established in the range of 2.5 to 80 μg mL-1, the linear correlation coefficient was 0.9981. The average of the coefficient of variation of the precision was 5.30%. The relative standard error of the accuracy was -2.17% and of the recovery coefficient was 97.83%. In all eleven patients, phenobarbital concentrations were below the therapeutic range. The tested method was selective, linear, precise, accurate and showed good recovery.
{"title":"Development and validation of a method for phenobarbital in serum: anticonvulsant pharmacotherapy monitoring","authors":"Palas Atenéia Dantas de Medeiros, P. Silva, Luana Pinto de Arruda Sales, S. Mariz, S. Fook","doi":"10.4322/2179-443x.0632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443x.0632","url":null,"abstract":"The therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an important strategy for the effectiveness and safety of long-term pharmacotherapy, such as the use of phenobarbital as an anticonvulsant drug in epilepsy. In this sense, HLPC has been presented as a technique for the measurement of phenobarbital in serum. However, the ideal conditions for carrying out the method must be established for each laboratory reality. An analytical method using HPLC was developed and validated in order to identify and quantify Phenobarbital in blood. The chromatographic conditions were C-18 column (Shimpack XR-ODS 50L x 3.0), acetonitrile-water mobile phase (30:70, v v-1), 0.2 mL min-1 flow and reading wavelength of 210 nm. Linearity was established in the range of 2.5 to 80 μg mL-1, the linear correlation coefficient was 0.9981. The average of the coefficient of variation of the precision was 5.30%. The relative standard error of the accuracy was -2.17% and of the recovery coefficient was 97.83%. In all eleven patients, phenobarbital concentrations were below the therapeutic range. The tested method was selective, linear, precise, accurate and showed good recovery.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82425017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. L. César, Larissa Caldeira Navarro, Alaíde de Matos Silva, R. Castilho, Gisele Goulart, G. Heida, A. Ferreira, S. Cronemberger, A. A. Faraco
4-Aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride (4-AD) is one of the degradation products of diminazene aceturate, which have been demonstrating anti-glaucoma potential. As glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, it is relevant to study new therapeutic alternatives, for example, 4-AD carried in polymeric inserts of prolonged release. The present work aims to develop and validate an analytical method for the quantification of 4-AD. An HPLC with UV-Vis detector was used, using a wavelength of 290 ƞm and an ACE® C18 column (125x4.6 mm, 5 μm) mobile phase consisting of phosphate (pH 7.4 ) and triethylamine in the concentration of 0.03% (v / v), in isocratic mode and flow of 1.0 mL / min. . The retention time for 4-AD was 3.2 minutes. The method was developed and validated in accordance with the recommendations of the Resolution of the Collegiate Board (RDC) No. 166 of 2017 of ANVISA, of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia 5th edition and of the ICH quality guides. The linearity range was established between the concentrations of 5 and 25 μg / mL (r2), the accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision tests showed a relative standard deviation less than or equal to 5%, in addition the method was also considered selective, exact and robust, pH being its critical factor. Therefore, the HPLC analysis method is robust and can be used to quantify the substance 4-AD in pharmaceutical forms for ocular application.
4-氨基苯脒二盐酸盐(4-AD)是醋酸迪咪那烯的降解产物之一，具有抗青光眼的潜力。由于青光眼是世界范围内致盲的第二大原因，因此研究新的治疗方案是有意义的，例如，将4-AD携带在缓释聚合物插入物中。本研究旨在建立并验证一种定量测定4-AD的方法。采用高效液相色谱法，紫外可见检测器，波长290 ƞm，流动相为ACE®C18柱(125 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm)，流动相为磷酸(pH 7.4)和三乙胺，浓度为0.03% (v / v)，等压模式，流速为1.0 mL / min。4-AD的保留时间为3.2分钟。该方法是根据ANVISA 2017年第166号理事会决议、巴西药典第5版和ICH质量指南的建议开发和验证的。在5 ~ 25 μg / mL的浓度范围内建立了线性关系(r2)，准确度、重复性、中间精密度试验的相对标准偏差小于等于5%，并考虑了pH值是其关键因素，认为该方法具有选择性、准确性和鲁棒性。因此，高效液相色谱分析方法是稳健的，可用于定量4-AD物质的药用形式眼应用。
{"title":"Development and validation of analytical method by HPLC-DAD for determination of vasodilator active in pharmaceutical ophthalmic forms","authors":"A. L. César, Larissa Caldeira Navarro, Alaíde de Matos Silva, R. Castilho, Gisele Goulart, G. Heida, A. Ferreira, S. Cronemberger, A. A. Faraco","doi":"10.4322/2179-443x.0636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443x.0636","url":null,"abstract":"4-Aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride (4-AD) is one of the degradation products of diminazene aceturate, which have been demonstrating anti-glaucoma potential. As glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, it is relevant to study new therapeutic alternatives, for example, 4-AD carried in polymeric inserts of prolonged release. The present work aims to develop and validate an analytical method for the quantification of 4-AD. An HPLC with UV-Vis detector was used, using a wavelength of 290 ƞm and an ACE® C18 column (125x4.6 mm, 5 μm) mobile phase consisting of phosphate (pH 7.4 ) and triethylamine in the concentration of 0.03% (v / v), in isocratic mode and flow of 1.0 mL / min. . The retention time for 4-AD was 3.2 minutes. The method was developed and validated in accordance with the recommendations of the Resolution of the Collegiate Board (RDC) No. 166 of 2017 of ANVISA, of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia 5th edition and of the ICH quality guides. The linearity range was established between the concentrations of 5 and 25 μg / mL (r2), the accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision tests showed a relative standard deviation less than or equal to 5%, in addition the method was also considered selective, exact and robust, pH being its critical factor. Therefore, the HPLC analysis method is robust and can be used to quantify the substance 4-AD in pharmaceutical forms for ocular application.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81383752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Menezes, Francieli Zanella Lazaretto, Lucélia Hernandes Lima, Karin Hepp Schwambach, C. Blatt
Introduction: The clinical pharmacist in the intensive care unit is involved in the aspects of patient safety, technical guidance for the team care and cost saving with rational use of medicines. Objective: This study aims to estimate the cost saving with of the clinical pharmacist interventions in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study. The cost saving was measured over three months based on (1) Clinical pharmacist interventions from the prescriptions analysis. (2) Individualized doses of four antibiotics. (3) Comparison of drugs dispensing system between the period before and after the decentralization of pharmacy services. The main outcome measure is costs saving with strategic planning for the rational use of medicines, based on local reality. Results: 173 clinical pharmacist interventions were carried out, from 13 interventions we could calculated the economic impact, resulting in an estimate cost saving of the US$ 633.38/year. Cost saving from individualized doses of four antimicrobials was US$ 8,754.46/year. The decentralization of the pharmacy service resulted in a cost saving of US$ 28,770.52/year. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacist in the pediatric intensive care unit results in cost saving. Clinical pharmacist interventions, antimicrobials individualized doses and decentralization of pharmacy services reduce costs in the hospital.
{"title":"Economic impact of the clinical pharmacist interventions in the pediatric intensive care unit","authors":"B. Menezes, Francieli Zanella Lazaretto, Lucélia Hernandes Lima, Karin Hepp Schwambach, C. Blatt","doi":"10.4322/2179-443X.0670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443X.0670","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The clinical pharmacist in the intensive care unit is involved in the aspects of patient safety, technical guidance for the team care and cost saving with rational use of medicines. Objective: This study aims to estimate the cost saving with of the clinical pharmacist interventions in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study. The cost saving was measured over three months based on (1) Clinical pharmacist interventions from the prescriptions analysis. (2) Individualized doses of four antibiotics. (3) Comparison of drugs dispensing system between the period before and after the decentralization of pharmacy services. The main outcome measure is costs saving with strategic planning for the rational use of medicines, based on local reality. Results: 173 clinical pharmacist interventions were carried out, from 13 interventions we could calculated the economic impact, resulting in an estimate cost saving of the US$ 633.38/year. Cost saving from individualized doses of four antimicrobials was US$ 8,754.46/year. The decentralization of the pharmacy service resulted in a cost saving of US$ 28,770.52/year. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacist in the pediatric intensive care unit results in cost saving. Clinical pharmacist interventions, antimicrobials individualized doses and decentralization of pharmacy services reduce costs in the hospital.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76606285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The stability of pharmaceuticals is influenced by several factors, directly related to the product, or to environmental factors, such as the presence of light and oxygen. Ketoconazole is an antifungal drug of the azole class which is prone to undergo degradation processes, such as oxidation and hydrolysis, changing from white to pink, suggesting formation of degradation products. Capuchin (Tropaeolum majus L.) is a species of pharmacological interest due to its phytochemical composition, it is rich in vitamin C and flavonoids with known antioxidant activity. The the objective of this work was to investigate the antioxidant activity of capuchin hydroalcohol extracts and evaluate their influence on the stability of ketoconazole. For the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the extracts the DPPH radical was used. Differents gel ketoconazole formulations were manipulated and subjected to a stability study to compare the antioxidant efficiency of the extract and the sodium metabisulphite by analyzing the samples by ultraviolet scanning. Microbiological assays were performed to evaluate the activity of ketoconazole against the fungus Candida albicans. The extract solution presented antioxidant activity equivalent to a 16.35 μg / mL metabisulfite solution, and a 0.108 μg metabisulfite / μg extract ratio was calculated. In the spectrophotometric analysis, it was observed that the absorption spectrum of the extract-containing formulation presented a different alteration from the others, presenting a possible advantage in relation to the synthetic antioxidant. In the microbiological analysis, only the samples that remained at room temperature formed inhibition halo. Thus, a natural active potential was evaluated, representing a possible alternative for application in pharmaceutical formulations.
{"title":"Influence of the capuchin hydroethanolic extract (Tropaeolum majus L.) on the stability of ketoconazole","authors":"A. M. D. Silva, L. M. Silva","doi":"10.4322/2179-443X.0679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4322/2179-443X.0679","url":null,"abstract":"The stability of pharmaceuticals is influenced by several factors, directly related to the product, or to environmental factors, such as the presence of light and oxygen. Ketoconazole is an antifungal drug of the azole class which is prone to undergo degradation processes, such as oxidation and hydrolysis, changing from white to pink, suggesting formation of degradation products. Capuchin (Tropaeolum majus L.) is a species of pharmacological interest due to its phytochemical composition, it is rich in vitamin C and flavonoids with known antioxidant activity. The the objective of this work was to investigate the antioxidant activity of capuchin hydroalcohol extracts and evaluate their influence on the stability of ketoconazole. For the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the extracts the DPPH radical was used. Differents gel ketoconazole formulations were manipulated and subjected to a stability study to compare the antioxidant efficiency of the extract and the sodium metabisulphite by analyzing the samples by ultraviolet scanning. Microbiological assays were performed to evaluate the activity of ketoconazole against the fungus Candida albicans. The extract solution presented antioxidant activity equivalent to a 16.35 μg / mL metabisulfite solution, and a 0.108 μg metabisulfite / μg extract ratio was calculated. In the spectrophotometric analysis, it was observed that the absorption spectrum of the extract-containing formulation presented a different alteration from the others, presenting a possible advantage in relation to the synthetic antioxidant. In the microbiological analysis, only the samples that remained at room temperature formed inhibition halo. Thus, a natural active potential was evaluated, representing a possible alternative for application in pharmaceutical formulations.","PeriodicalId":21209,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85852246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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