Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258345
J. E. Bickel
An ocean buoy system is described along with a proposed system concept which could solve the problem of providing primary power for remotely deployed meteor burst communications system (MBCS) relay nodes. A relatively large buoy relay system, with MBCS master station capability, and the results of a buoy-ship relay test between San Diego, San Francisco, and Hawaii, is outlined. For intermittent operation, a practical solution is discussed which involves having all MBCS terminals normally operate in the remote station mode and switch to a master station mode only when they receive a message to relay.<>
{"title":"Meteor burst communications relay system","authors":"J. E. Bickel","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258345","url":null,"abstract":"An ocean buoy system is described along with a proposed system concept which could solve the problem of providing primary power for remotely deployed meteor burst communications system (MBCS) relay nodes. A relatively large buoy relay system, with MBCS master station capability, and the results of a buoy-ship relay test between San Diego, San Francisco, and Hawaii, is outlined. For intermittent operation, a practical solution is discussed which involves having all MBCS terminals normally operate in the remote station mode and switch to a master station mode only when they receive a message to relay.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129448385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258232
K. Y. Jo, John E. Thomas, S.T. Boycan
The design and analysis of large-scale multiprotocol networks interconnected by IP (internet protocol) routers are discussed, and efficient methods for routine data traffic across heterogeneous networks are introduced. For the internet currently operated by Defense Communications Agency, the long-haul network uses dynamic adaptive routing, while other networks adopt different types of routing mechanisms, depending on their network protocols. A class of modern routing algorithms, such as deterministic routing and virtual circuit routing, are also studied to develop intelligent methods for computing the performance measures for the global internet and subnetworks. For each routing mechanism used in the internet, analytical and quasi-simulation methods for computing various network performance attributes have been devised for expert-system network design tools. The study is extended to the case where the performance attributes are evaluated for the global internet with combined routing algorithms.<>
{"title":"Design and analysis of multiprotocol networks with IP routers","authors":"K. Y. Jo, John E. Thomas, S.T. Boycan","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258232","url":null,"abstract":"The design and analysis of large-scale multiprotocol networks interconnected by IP (internet protocol) routers are discussed, and efficient methods for routine data traffic across heterogeneous networks are introduced. For the internet currently operated by Defense Communications Agency, the long-haul network uses dynamic adaptive routing, while other networks adopt different types of routing mechanisms, depending on their network protocols. A class of modern routing algorithms, such as deterministic routing and virtual circuit routing, are also studied to develop intelligent methods for computing the performance measures for the global internet and subnetworks. For each routing mechanism used in the internet, analytical and quasi-simulation methods for computing various network performance attributes have been devised for expert-system network design tools. The study is extended to the case where the performance attributes are evaluated for the global internet with combined routing algorithms.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130136943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258306
J. Reagan, B. Gaspard, G. Massa
The most difficult technical challenge for the development of a single channel ground and airborne radio system (SINCGARS) shipboard segment is mutual interference due to collocated SINCGARS radios. The authors discuss the special steps taken by the government to ensure that a viable design is realized for this full-scale development program. As an aid in discriminating between competitors' solutions, a cosite interference test problem was generated by the Tactical Communications and Navy Systems and Technology Divisions of the MITRE Corporation. The problem was included in the solicitation instructions and conditions section of the request for proposals (RFP). It was found that the presentation in the RFP of a sample cosite interference problem proved valuable in eliminating nonserious competitors. Several interference mitigation methods were proposed by the bidders.<>
{"title":"Technique for effective evaluation of collocation interference designs in government solicitations","authors":"J. Reagan, B. Gaspard, G. Massa","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258306","url":null,"abstract":"The most difficult technical challenge for the development of a single channel ground and airborne radio system (SINCGARS) shipboard segment is mutual interference due to collocated SINCGARS radios. The authors discuss the special steps taken by the government to ensure that a viable design is realized for this full-scale development program. As an aid in discriminating between competitors' solutions, a cosite interference test problem was generated by the Tactical Communications and Navy Systems and Technology Divisions of the MITRE Corporation. The problem was included in the solicitation instructions and conditions section of the request for proposals (RFP). It was found that the presentation in the RFP of a sample cosite interference problem proved valuable in eliminating nonserious competitors. Several interference mitigation methods were proposed by the bidders.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130911681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258343
D. Schilling, T. Apelewicz, G. Lomp, M. Dyer, L. Lundberg, F. Rogers, J. Woodhouse
The authors describe the meteor burst communications experiment performed by SCS Telecom, Martin Marietta Energy Systems, and the 11th Air Force. The experiment consisted of transmitting data and voice over a meteor burst channel between Anchorage and Kotzebue using SCS Telecom's FAVR modem. The FAVR algorithm is described. It is a variable rate modem capable of operating at bit rates up to 92 kbit/s using a 40-kHz bandwidth. Forward error correction, trellis decoding, and nonlinear equalization are used. Simulation and experimental results are shown and compared.<>
{"title":"The FAVR meteor burst communication experiment","authors":"D. Schilling, T. Apelewicz, G. Lomp, M. Dyer, L. Lundberg, F. Rogers, J. Woodhouse","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258343","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe the meteor burst communications experiment performed by SCS Telecom, Martin Marietta Energy Systems, and the 11th Air Force. The experiment consisted of transmitting data and voice over a meteor burst channel between Anchorage and Kotzebue using SCS Telecom's FAVR modem. The FAVR algorithm is described. It is a variable rate modem capable of operating at bit rates up to 92 kbit/s using a 40-kHz bandwidth. Forward error correction, trellis decoding, and nonlinear equalization are used. Simulation and experimental results are shown and compared.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129230476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258216
R. Turcotte
Several of the basic algorithms to be used by general-purpose digital signal processors (DSPs) in recovering digitally modulated signals are discussed. DSP-based algorithms for data detection, carrier tracking, and symbol synchronization are presented from the vector space point of view. This allows for the development of general algorithms that are applicable to a wide range of modulation formats without the need for specialized processors. The result is a set of initial design rules, which can be used in the DSP implementation of multimode multirate modems. Only quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)-type signaling formats are considered.<>
{"title":"Signal space implementation of sampled-data receivers","authors":"R. Turcotte","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258216","url":null,"abstract":"Several of the basic algorithms to be used by general-purpose digital signal processors (DSPs) in recovering digitally modulated signals are discussed. DSP-based algorithms for data detection, carrier tracking, and symbol synchronization are presented from the vector space point of view. This allows for the development of general algorithms that are applicable to a wide range of modulation formats without the need for specialized processors. The result is a set of initial design rules, which can be used in the DSP implementation of multimode multirate modems. Only quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)-type signaling formats are considered.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128784802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258258
D. F. Peach
The authors address the process used successfully in development of high-frequency (HF) radio standards including the validation testing of proposed concepts during development, and interoperability testing of off-the-shelf products from vendors who have chosen to offer standardized equipment. They discuss the process the Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS) used in successfully facilitating the development of Federal Standard 1045, an interoperability and performance standard for implementing automatic link establishment as a feature in HF radios. ITS has found that testing as described for HF radio system is a necessity for the standards development process.<>
{"title":"Interoperability testing of tactical HF radio systems to ensure operation mission fulfilment","authors":"D. F. Peach","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258258","url":null,"abstract":"The authors address the process used successfully in development of high-frequency (HF) radio standards including the validation testing of proposed concepts during development, and interoperability testing of off-the-shelf products from vendors who have chosen to offer standardized equipment. They discuss the process the Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS) used in successfully facilitating the development of Federal Standard 1045, an interoperability and performance standard for implementing automatic link establishment as a feature in HF radios. ITS has found that testing as described for HF radio system is a necessity for the standards development process.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"PP 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126443403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258303
J. J. Foster
Three separate and distinct types of change are occurring which affect C/sup 4/I communications. These are: (1) a moderation of US attitudes toward eastern Europe, (2) a shrinking defense budget, and (3) rapidly changing technology. The Iceland Air Defense System (IADS) telecommunications system (ITS) responds to each of these rapidly changing arenas. The ITS transports and manages three general types of circuits: off-island circuits, long-haul interconnectivity circuits among IADS facilities, and intra-southwest area circuits. The ARC design of the IADS communications system has been based on the maximum use of state-of-the-art commercial-off-the-shelf equipment and subsystems integrated to meet the IADS requirements. The IADS communications subsystem processes three distinct circuit types: ground-to-ground voice, ground-air-ground voice, and various types of data circuits.<>
{"title":"The Iceland Air Defense System: state-of-the-art C/sup 4/I communications for a changing world","authors":"J. J. Foster","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258303","url":null,"abstract":"Three separate and distinct types of change are occurring which affect C/sup 4/I communications. These are: (1) a moderation of US attitudes toward eastern Europe, (2) a shrinking defense budget, and (3) rapidly changing technology. The Iceland Air Defense System (IADS) telecommunications system (ITS) responds to each of these rapidly changing arenas. The ITS transports and manages three general types of circuits: off-island circuits, long-haul interconnectivity circuits among IADS facilities, and intra-southwest area circuits. The ARC design of the IADS communications system has been based on the maximum use of state-of-the-art commercial-off-the-shelf equipment and subsystems integrated to meet the IADS requirements. The IADS communications subsystem processes three distinct circuit types: ground-to-ground voice, ground-air-ground voice, and various types of data circuits.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115872688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258288
C. Ward, C. Choi
The authors introduce a data link control protocol appropriate for communication in low-altitude satellite networks. A low-altitude satellite network is assumed to be a system of satellites in the range 1000 to 15000 km, such that satellites may exchange messages while they are in line of sight with one another. In this environment data rates are expected to be Mbs, propagation delays are measured in milliseconds, and SWAP (size, weight, and power) constraints restrict buffer size. The proposed data link control protocol is called LAMS-DLC (low altitude satellite data link control). Unlike traditional automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes, LAMS-DLC uses negative acknowledgment to provide a lossless packet stream without guaranteeing delivery of packets in sequence. Throughput and buffer size metrics are computed and compared with selective repeat HDLC, a typical acknowledgment-based ARQ protocol.<>
{"title":"Performance of LAMS-DLC, a protocol for low altitude satellite networks","authors":"C. Ward, C. Choi","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258288","url":null,"abstract":"The authors introduce a data link control protocol appropriate for communication in low-altitude satellite networks. A low-altitude satellite network is assumed to be a system of satellites in the range 1000 to 15000 km, such that satellites may exchange messages while they are in line of sight with one another. In this environment data rates are expected to be Mbs, propagation delays are measured in milliseconds, and SWAP (size, weight, and power) constraints restrict buffer size. The proposed data link control protocol is called LAMS-DLC (low altitude satellite data link control). Unlike traditional automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes, LAMS-DLC uses negative acknowledgment to provide a lossless packet stream without guaranteeing delivery of packets in sequence. Throughput and buffer size metrics are computed and compared with selective repeat HDLC, a typical acknowledgment-based ARQ protocol.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121043221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258223
C.K. Giannis, E. Sousa
The authors present a model for the analysis of multihop spread spectrum packet radio networks and investigate their performance under various configurations. The analysis incorporates several network parameters such as topology, end-to-end traffic, routing, and node transmission power. The results reveal that high localization of the end-to-end traffic improves the network throughput and results in small performance degradation when the network size increases. As the network connectivity requirement increases, the factor limiting the performance shifts from the receiver availability to the interference. It is found that employing transmission power optimization always improves the throughput. It is shown that the transmission power level of a node has directly proportional relationship to the node isolation level, while it is a weak function of the node congestion level.<>
{"title":"Transmission power optimization of multi-hop spread spectrum packet radio networks","authors":"C.K. Giannis, E. Sousa","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258223","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present a model for the analysis of multihop spread spectrum packet radio networks and investigate their performance under various configurations. The analysis incorporates several network parameters such as topology, end-to-end traffic, routing, and node transmission power. The results reveal that high localization of the end-to-end traffic improves the network throughput and results in small performance degradation when the network size increases. As the network connectivity requirement increases, the factor limiting the performance shifts from the receiver availability to the interference. It is found that employing transmission power optimization always improves the throughput. It is shown that the transmission power level of a node has directly proportional relationship to the node isolation level, while it is a weak function of the node congestion level.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122458632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-11-04DOI: 10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258357
R. Rothrock, W.S. Burns, P.M. Dittmer
Communications for highly distributed and mobile military command, control, communications, and intelligence (C3I) systems, such as constellations of sensor satellites or formations of aircraft, tactical vehicles, or naval vessels, pose unique challenges with regard to network management, low probability of intercept, and robustness. Short wavelength, agile-beam transmitters and spatially resolving multichannel receiver technologies provide viable options for meeting these communications challenges. These technologies include open-loop direct detection optical communications or millimeter-wave technologies. An example of such communications is developed and characterized for a hypothetical constellation of small surveillance satellites. This is followed by a discussion of how the approach might be applied to other C3I nodes having less regular motion.<>
{"title":"Networking for highly distributed and mobile C3I systems using short wavelength, agile-beam communications technologies","authors":"R. Rothrock, W.S. Burns, P.M. Dittmer","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1991.258357","url":null,"abstract":"Communications for highly distributed and mobile military command, control, communications, and intelligence (C3I) systems, such as constellations of sensor satellites or formations of aircraft, tactical vehicles, or naval vessels, pose unique challenges with regard to network management, low probability of intercept, and robustness. Short wavelength, agile-beam transmitters and spatially resolving multichannel receiver technologies provide viable options for meeting these communications challenges. These technologies include open-loop direct detection optical communications or millimeter-wave technologies. An example of such communications is developed and characterized for a hypothetical constellation of small surveillance satellites. This is followed by a discussion of how the approach might be applied to other C3I nodes having less regular motion.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":212388,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 91 - Conference record","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131552325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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