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2018 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)最新文献

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Automatic Evolution of AutoEncoders for Compressed Representations 压缩表示的自动编码器的自动进化
Pub Date : 2018-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477874
Filipe Assunção, David Sereno, Nuno Lourenço, P. Machado, B. Ribeiro
Developing learning systems is challenging in many ways: often there is the need to optimise the learning algorithm structure and parameters, and it is necessary to decide which is the best data representation to use, i.e., we usually have to design features and select the most representative and useful ones. In this work we focus on the later and investigate whether or not it is possible to obtain good performances with compressed versions of the original data, possibly reducing the learning time. The process of compressing the data, i.e., reducing its dimensionality, is typically conducted by someone who has domain knowledge and expertise, and engineers features in a trial-and-error endless cycle. Our goal is to achieve such compressed versions automatically; for that, we use an Evolutionary Algorithm to generate the structure of AutoEncoders. Instead of targeting the reconstruction of the images, we focus on the reconstruction of the mean signal of each class, and therefore the goal is to acquire the most representative characteristics of each class. Results on the MNIST dataset show that the proposed approach can not only reduce the original dataset dimensionality, but the performance of the classifiers over the compressed representation is superior to the performance on the original uncompressed images.
开发学习系统在许多方面都具有挑战性:通常需要优化学习算法结构和参数,并且有必要决定使用哪种最佳数据表示,即,我们通常必须设计特征并选择最具代表性和最有用的特征。在这项工作中,我们关注的是后者,并研究是否有可能通过原始数据的压缩版本获得良好的性能,从而可能减少学习时间。压缩数据的过程,即降低其维数,通常由具有领域知识和专业知识的人员和工程师进行,并以不断的试错循环为特征。我们的目标是自动实现这样的压缩版本;为此,我们使用进化算法来生成自编码器的结构。我们不以图像的重建为目标,而是将重点放在每一类的均值信号的重建上,因此我们的目标是获取每一类最具代表性的特征。在MNIST数据集上的结果表明,该方法不仅可以降低原始数据集的维数,而且在压缩表示上的分类器性能优于原始未压缩图像。
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引用次数: 5
Landscape-Based Differential Evolution for Constrained Optimization Problems 基于景观的差分进化约束优化问题
Pub Date : 2018-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477900
Karam M. Sallam, S. Elsayed, R. Sarker, D. Essam
Over the last two decades, many different differential evolution (DE) variants have been developed for solving constrained optimization problems. However, none of them performs consistently when solving different types of problems. To deal with this drawback, multiple search operators are used under a single DE algorithm structure where a higher selection pressure is placed on the best performing operator during the evolutionary process. In this paper, we propose to use the landscape information of the problem in the design of the selection mechanism. The performance of this algorithm with the proposed selection mechanism is analysed by solving 10 real-world constrained optimization problems. The experimental results revealed that the proposed algorithm is capable of producing high quality solutions compared to those of state-of-the-art algorithms.
在过去的二十年里,许多不同的差分进化(DE)变体被开发出来解决约束优化问题。然而,在解决不同类型的问题时,它们都没有一致的表现。为了解决这个缺点,在单个DE算法结构下使用多个搜索操作符,在进化过程中对表现最佳的操作符施加更高的选择压力。在本文中,我们提出利用景观信息的问题来设计选择机制。通过求解10个实际约束优化问题,分析了该算法在选择机制下的性能。实验结果表明,与最先进的算法相比,所提出的算法能够产生高质量的解。
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引用次数: 13
A Novel Approach for Optimizing Ensemble Components in Rainfall Prediction 优化降雨预测中集合成分的新方法
Pub Date : 2018-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477739
Ali Haidar, B. Verma, Toshi Sinha
Precipitation is viewed as a complex phenomenon that influences the efficiency of the agricultural season. In this paper, an ensemble of neural networks has been created and optimized to estimate monthly rainfall for Innisfail, Australia. The proposed ensemble utilizes single neural networks as components and combines them using a neural network fusion method. A novel ensemble components selection approach has been proposed and deployed. Ensemble components were selected based on a hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GA) that combines standard GA with particle swarm optimization algorithm. Various statistical measurements were calculated to assess the accuracy of the proposed ensembles against single neural networks, climatology and ensembles generated through an alternative selection approach. A better performance was obtained with the proposed ensembles when compared to alternative models.
降水被视为影响农季效率的复杂现象。本文创建并优化了一个神经网络集合,用于估算澳大利亚因尼斯费尔的月降雨量。所提议的集合利用单个神经网络作为组件,并使用神经网络融合方法将它们组合在一起。我们提出并部署了一种新颖的集合组件选择方法。集合组件的选择基于混合遗传算法(GA),该算法结合了标准遗传算法和粒子群优化算法。计算了各种统计测量值,以评估提议的集合与单个神经网络、气候学和通过替代选择方法生成的集合相比的准确性。与其他模型相比,建议的集合获得了更好的性能。
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引用次数: 4
A Multi-Objective Hybrid Filter-Wrapper Evolutionary Approach for Feature Construction on High-Dimensional Data 高维数据特征构建的多目标混合滤波-包装进化方法
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477771
Marwa Hammami, Slim Bechikh, C. Hung, L. B. Said
Feature selection and construction are important pre-processing techniques in data mining. They may allow not only dimensionality reduction but also classifier accuracy and efficiency improvement. These two techniques are of great importance especially for the case of high-dimensional data. Feature construction for high-dimensional data is still a very challenging topic. This can be explained by the large search space of feature combinations, whose size is a function of the number of features. Recently, researchers have used Genetic Programming (GP) for feature construction and the obtained results were promising. Unfortunately, the wrapper evaluation of each feature subset, where a feature can be constructed by a combination of features, is computationally intensive since such evaluation requires running the classifier on the data sets. Motivated by this observation, we propose, in this paper, a hybrid multiobjective evolutionary approach for efficient feature construction and selection. Our approach uses two filter objectives and one wrapper objective corresponding to the accuracy. In fact, the whole population is evaluated using two filter objectives. However, only non-dominated (best) feature subsets are improved using an indicator-based local search that optimizes the three objectives simultaneously. Our approach has been assessed on six high-dimensional datasets and compared with two existing prominent GP approaches, using three different classifiers for accuracy evaluation. Based on the obtained results, our approach is shown to provide competitive and better results compared with two competitor GP algorithms tested in this study.
特征选择和构造是数据挖掘中重要的预处理技术。它们不仅可以降低维数,还可以提高分类器的准确性和效率。这两种技术对于高维数据尤其重要。高维数据的特征构建仍然是一个非常具有挑战性的课题。这可以解释为特征组合的搜索空间很大,其大小是特征数量的函数。近年来,研究人员将遗传规划(GP)用于特征构建,并取得了良好的结果。不幸的是,每个特征子集的包装器评估是计算密集型的,因为这种评估需要在数据集上运行分类器。基于这一观察结果,我们提出了一种混合多目标进化方法,用于高效的特征构建和选择。我们的方法使用两个过滤器目标和一个包装器目标对应于精度。事实上,整个群体是用两个过滤目标来评估的。然而,只有非支配(最佳)的特征子集被改进使用指示器为基础的局部搜索,同时优化三个目标。我们的方法已经在六个高维数据集上进行了评估,并与两种现有的著名GP方法进行了比较,使用三种不同的分类器进行准确性评估。根据获得的结果,与本研究中测试的两种竞争对手的GP算法相比,我们的方法显示出具有竞争力和更好的结果。
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引用次数: 6
Surprising Strategies Obtained by Stochastic Optimization in Partially Observable Games 部分可观察对策随机优化的惊奇策略
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477919
M. Cauwet, O. Teytaud
This paper studies the optimization of strategies in the context of possibly randomized two players zero-sum games with incomplete information. We compare 5 algorithms for tuning the parameters of strategies over a benchmark of 12 games. A first evolutionary approach consists in designing a highly randomized opponent (called naive opponent) and optimizing the parametric strategy against it; a second one is optimizing iteratively the strategy, i.e. constructing a sequence of strategies starting from the naive one. 2 versions of coevolutions, real and approximate, are also tested as well as a seed method. The coevolution methods were performing well, but results were not stable from one game to another. In spite of its simplicity, the seed method, which can be seen as an extremal version of coevolution, works even when nothing else works. Incidentally, these methods brought out some unexpected strategies for some games, such as Batawaf or the game of War, which seem, at first view, purely random games without any structured actions possible for the players or Guess Who, where a dichotomy between the characters seems to be the most reasonable strategy. All source codes of games are written in Matlab/Octave and are freely available for download.
本文研究了不完全信息下可能随机的二人零和博弈中的策略优化问题。我们在12个游戏的基准上比较了5种算法来调整策略参数。第一种进化方法包括设计一个高度随机的对手(称为幼稚对手),并针对它优化参数策略;第二种是迭代优化策略,即从朴素策略开始构建一系列策略。还测试了两种版本的共同进化,真实和近似,以及种子方法。协同进化方法表现良好,但结果在不同博弈之间并不稳定。种子法可以被看作是共同进化的一个极端版本,尽管它很简单,但即使在其他方法都不起作用的情况下,它也能起作用。顺便说一下,这些方法为某些游戏带来了一些意想不到的策略,例如《Batawaf》或《War》,乍一看,这是纯粹的随机游戏,玩家没有任何结构化的行动,或者《Guess Who》,其中角色之间的二分法似乎是最合理的策略。所有游戏的源代码都是用Matlab/Octave编写的,可以免费下载。
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引用次数: 1
Industrial Portfolio Management for Many-Objective Optimization Algorithms 基于多目标优化算法的工业投资组合管理
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477693
Tobias Rodemann
In industry we see an increasing interest in (evolutionary) many objective optimization algorithms. However, the majority of engineers only using, not researching, optimizers have a limited understanding of the pros and cons of different algorithms and therefore rely on either third-party recommendations or benchmark tests to pick the most suitable methods for their problems. Unfortunately, most benchmarks are targeting an academic audience leaving the practitioner often in doubt about the correct choices. In this article we try to outline the essential requirements for a many-objective optimization algorithm portfolio management from an industrial perspective and compare the situation in our field to another domain with similar issues, image processing. We want to address one of the core practical issues: “Given a limited computational or time budget for my optimization project, which optimization algorithms should I try?”.
在工业中,我们看到人们对(进化的)许多目标优化算法越来越感兴趣。然而,大多数工程师只使用优化器,而不是研究优化器,他们对不同算法的优缺点了解有限,因此依赖第三方建议或基准测试来选择最适合他们问题的方法。不幸的是,大多数基准都是针对学术受众的,这使得从业者经常对正确的选择产生怀疑。在本文中,我们试图从工业角度概述多目标优化算法投资组合管理的基本要求,并将我们的领域的情况与另一个具有类似问题的领域进行比较,即图像处理。我们想要解决一个核心的实际问题:“给定我的优化项目有限的计算或时间预算,我应该尝试哪种优化算法?”
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引用次数: 7
Evolutionary Approach to Straight Line Approximation for Image Matching in Dance-Posture Recognition 基于直线逼近的舞蹈姿态识别图像匹配进化方法
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477861
P. Rakshit, S. Saha, A. Konar, A. Nagar
The proposed system aims at automatic identification of an unknown dance posture referring to the 34 primitive postures of ballet, simultaneously measuring the proximity of an unknown dance posture to a known primitive. A simple and novel seven stage algorithm achieves the desired objective. Skin color segmentation is performed on the dance postures, the output of which is dilated and edge is detected. From the boundaries of the postures, connected components are identified and the boundary is piecewise linearly approximated using modified artificial bee colony algorithm. Here, lies the novelty of our work. From the approximated boundary, features are extracted in terms of internal angles. This whole procedure is repeated for all the training images as well as testing image. The classification of the training image containing ballet posture is done using Euclidean distance matching.
该系统旨在根据芭蕾的34种原始姿势自动识别未知的舞蹈姿势,同时测量未知舞蹈姿势与已知原始姿势的接近程度。一种简单新颖的七阶段算法实现了预期的目标。对舞蹈姿态进行肤色分割,对其输出进行扩张和边缘检测。从姿态的边界出发,识别出连接分量,并采用改进的人工蜂群算法分段线性逼近边界。这就是我们工作的新奇之处。从近似边界出发,根据内角提取特征。所有的训练图像和测试图像都重复这个过程。采用欧几里得距离匹配对包含芭蕾舞姿态的训练图像进行分类。
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引用次数: 1
Texture Representation and Classification with Artificial Hikers and Fractals 基于人工徒步和分形的纹理表示与分类
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477788
L. A. Soares, K. F. Côco, E. Salles, P. M. Ciarelli
This work proposes a new method of representing textures on digital images through their maximum (or minimum if the negative of the image is used) and different intensity borders by means of artificial beings called artificial hikers that search for the maximum of a texture image and in doing so, represent the different characteristics of the image. The technique has two main parameters that can be adjusted in order to emphasize the greatest maximum of an image and different frequency borders. The results show that it is a very flexible technique on representing different components of a texture image, working on both natural and artificial images. For the classification of textures, the technique of artificial hikers was combined with fractal dimension analysis and it presented superior results compared to previous works dealing with texture classification with artificial agents.
这项工作提出了一种新的方法,通过它们的最大值(或最小,如果使用图像的负极)和不同的强度边界来表示数字图像上的纹理,通过称为人工徒步者的人工生物来搜索纹理图像的最大值,并在这样做时代表图像的不同特征。该技术有两个主要参数可以调整,以强调图像的最大值和不同的频率边界。结果表明,它是一种非常灵活的表示纹理图像的不同成分的技术,既适用于自然图像,也适用于人工图像。在纹理分类方面,将人工徒步者技术与分形维数分析相结合,取得了优于以往人工智能体纹理分类的效果。
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引用次数: 1
On the Population Diversity for the Chaotic Differential Evolution 混沌差分进化的种群多样性研究
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477741
R. Šenkeřík, Adam Viktorin, Michal Pluhacek, T. Kadavy
This research deals with the modern and popular hybridization of chaotic dynamics and evolutionary computation. Unlike many research studies on the combination of chaos and metaheuristics, this paper focuses on the deeper insight into the population dynamics, specifically influence of chaotic sequences on the population diversity. The optimization algorithm performance was recorded as well. Experiments are focused on the extensive investigation of the different randomization schemes for the selection of individuals in a simple parameter adaptive Differential Evolution (DE) strategy: jDE algorithm. The jDE was driven by the nine different two-dimensional discrete chaotic systems, as the chaotic pseudo-random number generators. The population diversity and jDE convergence are recorded on the two-dimensional settings (10D and 30D) and 15 test functions from the CEC 2015 benchmark.
本研究涉及现代和流行的混沌动力学和进化计算的杂交。与许多将混沌与元启发式相结合的研究不同,本文侧重于更深入地了解种群动态,特别是混沌序列对种群多样性的影响。并记录了优化算法的性能。实验集中在一个简单的参数自适应差分进化(DE)策略:jDE算法的个体选择的不同随机化方案的广泛研究。jDE由9个不同的二维离散混沌系统驱动,作为混沌伪随机数生成器。在CEC 2015基准的二维设置(10D和30D)和15个测试函数上记录人口多样性和jDE收敛性。
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引用次数: 7
SSDP+: A Diverse and More Informative Subgroup Discovery Approach for High Dimensional Data SSDP+:一种针对高维数据的多样化且信息量更大的子群发现方法
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2018.8477855
T. Lucas, Renato Vimieiro, Teresa B Ludermir
This paper presents an evolutionary approach for mining diverse and more informative subgroups focused on high dimensional data sets. Subgroup Discovery (SD) is an important tool for knowledge discovery that aims to identify sets of features that distinguish a target group from the others (e.g. successful from unsuccessful treatments). At the same time, to extract information from high dimensional data sets becomes more natural. One of the first and most efficient SD heuristics focused on high dimensional data is the SSDP. However, this model deals superficially with diverse/redundancy in top-k subgroups, which can result in poor information for users. This work presents SSDP+, an extension of the SSDP model to provide diversity in a way that explore the relation between subgroups order to 2enerate a more informative set of patterns.
本文提出了一种进化方法,用于挖掘高维数据集上的多样化和更多信息的子群。子组发现(Subgroup Discovery, SD)是一种重要的知识发现工具,旨在识别目标群体与其他群体之间的特征集(例如,成功的治疗与不成功的治疗)。同时,从高维数据集中提取信息变得更加自然。第一种也是最有效的针对高维数据的SD启发式方法是SSDP。然而,该模型表面上处理top-k子组中的多样性/冗余,这可能会导致用户获得糟糕的信息。这项工作提出了SSDP+,这是SSDP模型的扩展,以一种探索子组之间关系的方式提供多样性,以便生成一组信息更丰富的模式。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2018 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)
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