Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022940
G. R. Ferreira, Raíssa Queiroz Andrade, A. Castricini, F. Silvério
Abstract despite the high social and economic importance of Spondias tuberosa Arruda, to the best of our knowledge there are very few detailed studies on the volatile compounds of this fruit popularly named umbu. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find the best extraction conditions by solid-phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) to determine the volatile compounds from umbu fruit pulp by gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimal conditions were obtained using 4 g of pulp and 0.2 NaCl/pulp (w/w), maintained for 10 min in incubation at 40 °C. The SPME-fiber was exposed for 20 min for extraction and then for 40 min for desorption. Thus, a total of 25 volatile compounds were detected and 16 were identified under these conditions, with 9 compounds being identified for the first time in the volatile fraction of umbu fruit pulp and two compounds were identified for the first time in the Spondias genus. The major chemical class was terpenes and esters, which together represent more than 90% of total chromatographic area.
{"title":"Extraction conditions and identification of volatile organic compounds from umbu pulp by HS-SPME/GC-MS","authors":"G. R. Ferreira, Raíssa Queiroz Andrade, A. Castricini, F. Silvério","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022940","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract despite the high social and economic importance of Spondias tuberosa Arruda, to the best of our knowledge there are very few detailed studies on the volatile compounds of this fruit popularly named umbu. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find the best extraction conditions by solid-phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) to determine the volatile compounds from umbu fruit pulp by gas-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimal conditions were obtained using 4 g of pulp and 0.2 NaCl/pulp (w/w), maintained for 10 min in incubation at 40 °C. The SPME-fiber was exposed for 20 min for extraction and then for 40 min for desorption. Thus, a total of 25 volatile compounds were detected and 16 were identified under these conditions, with 9 compounds being identified for the first time in the volatile fraction of umbu fruit pulp and two compounds were identified for the first time in the Spondias genus. The major chemical class was terpenes and esters, which together represent more than 90% of total chromatographic area.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67381354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022258
D. Silva, G. C. D. Silveira, L. A. S. Pio, A. H. Gonçalves, Ana Claudia Costa, Mateus França Figueiredo
Abstract An increase in crop productivity should be linked to the effective control of production costs. Thus, the chemical and selective control of weeds is an appropriate method because it saves labor and energy, requires little manpower, and allows control throughout the crop cycle. The present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of avocado seedlings to the phytotoxic effects of postemergence herbicide application. The experiment was carried out on avocado seeds of the cultivar Margarida in a greenhouse in the fruit sector of the Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras. The experimental design was randomized block design, with four replicates and eight treatments, and each experimental plot consisted of three seedlings. The herbicides paraquat, oxyfluorfen, fomesafem, carfentrazone-ethyl, and glyphosate caused damage to avocado seedlings and should not be recommended based on the commercial dosage used. Paraquat caused the plants to die within 30 days after application. Fluazifop-p-butyl and imazethapyr proved to be the most promising for use in avocado orchards because they caused less damage to the crop.
{"title":"Sensitivity of avocado seedlings to herbicides","authors":"D. Silva, G. C. D. Silveira, L. A. S. Pio, A. H. Gonçalves, Ana Claudia Costa, Mateus França Figueiredo","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022258","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An increase in crop productivity should be linked to the effective control of production costs. Thus, the chemical and selective control of weeds is an appropriate method because it saves labor and energy, requires little manpower, and allows control throughout the crop cycle. The present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of avocado seedlings to the phytotoxic effects of postemergence herbicide application. The experiment was carried out on avocado seeds of the cultivar Margarida in a greenhouse in the fruit sector of the Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras. The experimental design was randomized block design, with four replicates and eight treatments, and each experimental plot consisted of three seedlings. The herbicides paraquat, oxyfluorfen, fomesafem, carfentrazone-ethyl, and glyphosate caused damage to avocado seedlings and should not be recommended based on the commercial dosage used. Paraquat caused the plants to die within 30 days after application. Fluazifop-p-butyl and imazethapyr proved to be the most promising for use in avocado orchards because they caused less damage to the crop.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67379488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022570
M. Santos, S. Donato, J. Neves, P. R. Marques, M. C. Pereira, M. G. V. Rodrigues
Abstract The objective of this work was to establish, through different diagnostic methods, nutrient reference values for ‘Prata-Anã’ banana in improved fertility soil. The study included a database from an experiment conducted in randomized block design, arranged in a 5 × 6 factorial scheme (five doses of K2O - 0; 200; 400; 600 and 800 kg ha-1, supplied by cattle manure and rock powder × six evaluations of leaf nutrition and yield – 210; 390; 570; 750; 930 and 1,110 days after planting), with three replicates, totaling 90 samples. The reference values were determined by the Sufficiency Range, Critical Level by the Reduced Normal Distribution, Boundary Line and Mathematical Chance methods. Plots with high yield, = 36.42 t ha-1 cycle-1, formed the reference population and plots with yield = 45.79 t ha-1 formed the reference subpopulation. The methods were efficient in determining the nutrient reference values of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana. In general, the values established are higher than those reported in the literature, justified by the greater chemical fertility of the soil. Among the diagnostic methods, the Mathematical Chance presented itself as the most accurate for interpreting the nutrient contents in the leaves of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana under improved soil fertility conditions.
摘要本研究旨在通过不同的诊断方法，建立“Prata-Anã”香蕉在改良肥力土壤中的营养参考值。该研究纳入了随机区组设计试验的数据库，按5 × 6因子方案(5剂K2O - 0;200;400;600和800 kg hm -1，由牛粪和岩粉提供× 6次叶片营养和产量评价- 210;390;570;750;种植后930天和1110 d)， 3个重复，共90个样品。参考值采用充分性范围法确定，临界水平采用简化正态分布法、边界线法和数学机会法确定。高产地块(= 36.42 t ha-1 cycle-1)构成参考种群，高产地块(= 45.79 t ha-1)构成参考亚种群。该方法可有效地测定Prata-Anã香蕉的营养参考值。一般来说，所确定的数值高于文献中报道的数值，这是由于土壤的化学肥力更大。在各种诊断方法中，数学机会法在改善土壤肥力条件下对“Prata-Anã”香蕉叶片养分含量的解释最为准确。
{"title":"Nutrient reference values for ‘Prata-Anã’ banana in improved chemical fertility soils","authors":"M. Santos, S. Donato, J. Neves, P. R. Marques, M. C. Pereira, M. G. V. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022570","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to establish, through different diagnostic methods, nutrient reference values for ‘Prata-Anã’ banana in improved fertility soil. The study included a database from an experiment conducted in randomized block design, arranged in a 5 × 6 factorial scheme (five doses of K2O - 0; 200; 400; 600 and 800 kg ha-1, supplied by cattle manure and rock powder × six evaluations of leaf nutrition and yield – 210; 390; 570; 750; 930 and 1,110 days after planting), with three replicates, totaling 90 samples. The reference values were determined by the Sufficiency Range, Critical Level by the Reduced Normal Distribution, Boundary Line and Mathematical Chance methods. Plots with high yield, = 36.42 t ha-1 cycle-1, formed the reference population and plots with yield = 45.79 t ha-1 formed the reference subpopulation. The methods were efficient in determining the nutrient reference values of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana. In general, the values established are higher than those reported in the literature, justified by the greater chemical fertility of the soil. Among the diagnostic methods, the Mathematical Chance presented itself as the most accurate for interpreting the nutrient contents in the leaves of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana under improved soil fertility conditions.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67379741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022848
Natália dos Santos Barroso, Josandra Souza Teles Fonseca, Cristiane Amaral da Silva Ramos, Marilza Neves do Nascimento, T. L. Soares, C. R. Pelacani
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical-chemical and physiological changes during the maturation of fruits and seeds of P. peruviana and to determine the best stage for harvesting in the Brazillian semi-arid conditions. The fruits of P. peruviana were collected at five stages of maturation based on the color of the epicarp: stage 1: light green fruit; stage 2: yellowish-green; stage 3: light yellow with green color in the area that connects to the calyx; stage 4: yellow; stage 5: yellowish-orange. Physical and physico-chemical (length, diameter, fresh weight, fruit and calyx color, and total soluble solids) characteristics were evaluated. The physiological characteristics of the seeds were evaluated for water content and dry weight, germination percentage, germination speed index, emergence percentage, emergence speed index were also determined. The highest values of fruit weight, width, length and total soluble solids were recorded from stage S5, although it did not differ from stages S3 and S4. P. peruviana seeds reached their maximum physiological quality from S3 stage. On the other hand, the harvesting of fruits with characteristics meeting the minimum standards required for sale and consumption in natura should be carried out when the fruit and the calyx appear completely yellow, in the S4 stage. These findings point out which attributes may help improve current methods for monitoring ripening of physalis, in particular the commercially important specie P. peruviana.
{"title":"Impact of the maturity stage on harvest point of fruits and physiological quality of Physalis peruviana L. seeds","authors":"Natália dos Santos Barroso, Josandra Souza Teles Fonseca, Cristiane Amaral da Silva Ramos, Marilza Neves do Nascimento, T. L. Soares, C. R. Pelacani","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022848","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical-chemical and physiological changes during the maturation of fruits and seeds of P. peruviana and to determine the best stage for harvesting in the Brazillian semi-arid conditions. The fruits of P. peruviana were collected at five stages of maturation based on the color of the epicarp: stage 1: light green fruit; stage 2: yellowish-green; stage 3: light yellow with green color in the area that connects to the calyx; stage 4: yellow; stage 5: yellowish-orange. Physical and physico-chemical (length, diameter, fresh weight, fruit and calyx color, and total soluble solids) characteristics were evaluated. The physiological characteristics of the seeds were evaluated for water content and dry weight, germination percentage, germination speed index, emergence percentage, emergence speed index were also determined. The highest values of fruit weight, width, length and total soluble solids were recorded from stage S5, although it did not differ from stages S3 and S4. P. peruviana seeds reached their maximum physiological quality from S3 stage. On the other hand, the harvesting of fruits with characteristics meeting the minimum standards required for sale and consumption in natura should be carried out when the fruit and the calyx appear completely yellow, in the S4 stage. These findings point out which attributes may help improve current methods for monitoring ripening of physalis, in particular the commercially important specie P. peruviana.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022868
R. Anzanello, F. B. Fialho, H. P. Santos
Abstract This work evaluates how thermal regimes with constant or oscillating temperatures affect the onset and overcome of endodormancy in apple buds with low (‘Castel Gala’) and high (‘Royal Gala’) chilling requirements. Apple twigs were collected in Papanduva-SC orchards during the autumn/winter of 2010 and 2011, and submitted to constant (3°C) or cycling (3/15°C for 6/18h, 12/12h or 18/6h) temperatures for up to 1466 chilling hours (CH). Periodically, a portion of twigs in each treatment was transferred to 25°C, for budburst evaluation. An environmental stress in 2010 caused premature leaf fall on the field, reduced initial budburst in ‘Royal Gala’ samples and interfered with dormancy onset in both cultivars. Cycling temperature treatments with few CH/day decreased partially this effect, allowing buds to enter a dormancy state more efficiently. No significant stress was observed in the orchard in 2011, when dormancy evolution was similar in all thermal treatments, being induced with 54 and 123 CH and overcome with 363 and 662 CH for ‘Castel Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’, respectively. Apparently, the manner in which apple bud dormancy is induced affects its depth and consequently the total number of chilling hours required to overcome it, making the onset phase fundamental in dormancy studies.
本研究评估了恒定或振荡温度下的温度制度如何影响低(“Castel Gala”)和高(“Royal Gala”)低温条件下苹果芽内休眠的开始和克服。研究人员于2010年和2011年秋冬在帕潘杜瓦- sc果园收集了苹果树枝，并将其置于恒定(3°C)或循环(3/15°C, 6/18小时，12/12小时或18/6小时)的温度下，最高可达1466个制冷小时(CH)。定期将每个处理中的一部分枝条转移到25°C，进行发芽评估。2010年的环境胁迫导致“Royal Gala”样品过早落叶，减少了初始芽，并干扰了两个品种的休眠开始。低温度/天的循环温度处理在一定程度上降低了这种效应，使芽更有效地进入休眠状态。2011年，在果园中没有观察到明显的胁迫，所有热处理的休眠演变都相似，分别用54和123 CH诱导，用363和662 CH克服' Castel Gala '和' Royal Gala '。显然，诱导苹果芽休眠的方式影响其深度，从而影响克服休眠所需的总冷却时间，使休眠阶段成为休眠研究的基础。
{"title":"Bud dormancy evolution in apple genotypes with contrasting chilling requirements","authors":"R. Anzanello, F. B. Fialho, H. P. Santos","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022868","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work evaluates how thermal regimes with constant or oscillating temperatures affect the onset and overcome of endodormancy in apple buds with low (‘Castel Gala’) and high (‘Royal Gala’) chilling requirements. Apple twigs were collected in Papanduva-SC orchards during the autumn/winter of 2010 and 2011, and submitted to constant (3°C) or cycling (3/15°C for 6/18h, 12/12h or 18/6h) temperatures for up to 1466 chilling hours (CH). Periodically, a portion of twigs in each treatment was transferred to 25°C, for budburst evaluation. An environmental stress in 2010 caused premature leaf fall on the field, reduced initial budburst in ‘Royal Gala’ samples and interfered with dormancy onset in both cultivars. Cycling temperature treatments with few CH/day decreased partially this effect, allowing buds to enter a dormancy state more efficiently. No significant stress was observed in the orchard in 2011, when dormancy evolution was similar in all thermal treatments, being induced with 54 and 123 CH and overcome with 363 and 662 CH for ‘Castel Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’, respectively. Apparently, the manner in which apple bud dormancy is induced affects its depth and consequently the total number of chilling hours required to overcome it, making the onset phase fundamental in dormancy studies.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022923
Aline Mayara Gonçalves Barros Silva, M. M. Inomoto
Abstract Passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) yield is limited by several factors, including soil pathogens, such as Rotylenchulus reniformis (the reniform nematode) and Meloidogyne incognita (the Southern root-knot nematode). Understanding the behavior of different cultivars, within different species of passion fruit could be important asset to the search for sources of resistance, and therefore for the effective management of phytonematodes. Three trials were carried out in greenhouse to evaluate the resistance/susceptibility of different passion fruit species to R. reniformis and M. incognita. For R. reniformis, cultivars from two species were tested: Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (‘BRS Sol do Cerrado’, ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ and ‘BRS Gigante Amarelo’) and Passiflora cincinnata (‘BRS Sertão Forte’). Regarding M. incognita, all the cultivars above were evaluated, with the addition of Passiflora setacea (‘BRS Pérola do Cerrado’). The results showed that all tested cultivars were susceptible to the reniform nematode. Conversely, all tested cultivars were immune to root-knot nematode, although exhibiting root galling. Therefore, it is emphasizes the relevance of reniform nematode to passion fruit crops.
摘要百香果(Passiflora spp.)的产量受到多种因素的限制，包括土壤病原菌，如梨形线虫Rotylenchulus reniformis和南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita。了解不同品种的百香果在不同种类内的行为，对寻找抗性来源，从而有效地管理植物线虫具有重要的价值。通过3个温室试验，评价了不同百香果品种对reniformis和incognita的抗性/敏感性。对reniformis进行了两个品种的试验:pasflora edulis f. flavicarpa (' BRS Sol do Cerrado '， ' BRS Rubi do Cerrado '和' BRS Gigante Amarelo ')和pasflora辛辛纳塔(' BRS sert o Forte ')。对上述所有品种进行了评价，并添加了西番莲(' BRS pembroola do Cerrado ')。结果表明，所有供试品种均对梨形线虫敏感。相反，所有受试品种均对根结线虫免疫，但表现出根刺痛。因此，强调了梨形线虫与百香果作物的相关性。
{"title":"Reaction of passion fruit species to Rotylenchulus reniformis and Meloidogyne incognita","authors":"Aline Mayara Gonçalves Barros Silva, M. M. Inomoto","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022923","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) yield is limited by several factors, including soil pathogens, such as Rotylenchulus reniformis (the reniform nematode) and Meloidogyne incognita (the Southern root-knot nematode). Understanding the behavior of different cultivars, within different species of passion fruit could be important asset to the search for sources of resistance, and therefore for the effective management of phytonematodes. Three trials were carried out in greenhouse to evaluate the resistance/susceptibility of different passion fruit species to R. reniformis and M. incognita. For R. reniformis, cultivars from two species were tested: Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (‘BRS Sol do Cerrado’, ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ and ‘BRS Gigante Amarelo’) and Passiflora cincinnata (‘BRS Sertão Forte’). Regarding M. incognita, all the cultivars above were evaluated, with the addition of Passiflora setacea (‘BRS Pérola do Cerrado’). The results showed that all tested cultivars were susceptible to the reniform nematode. Conversely, all tested cultivars were immune to root-knot nematode, although exhibiting root galling. Therefore, it is emphasizes the relevance of reniform nematode to passion fruit crops.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67381034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022430
C. Oliveira, D. Rozane, Levi Godke Faber Pavarin, Henrique Shiniyti Akamine, S. H. M. G. D. Silva, J. D. Lima
Abstract The quantification of nutrients accumulated and exported by banana bunches provides information on the crop nutritional requirements. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the nutritional demand of 'Grande Naine' and 'Prata Comum' banana bunches in the region of Vale do Ribeira, state of São Paulo. Bunch sampling was carried out in six harvest seasons, summer, and winter. The results of dry matter production and nutrient accumulation in bunches were submitted to analysis of variance. Relative growth rates (TCR), organogenic net accumulation (TALON), export and order of nutrient accumulation in bunches were estimated. K and N were the nutrients most accumulated and exported by both cultivars. In har-vest period 5 (commercial harvest), more dry matter was produced in the summer and more nutrients were accumulated in the winter. The highest TCR values were observed between periods 2 and 3 in the summer and between 0 and 1 in the winter, but it did not always follow TALON. The results obtained are important to adapt the nutritional management of these cultivars to the study region, especially in relation to the growing season, due to the longer permanence of the bunch on the plant in the winter and greater demand for nutrients until commercial harvest.
香蕉串积累和输出的营养物质的量化提供了作物营养需求的信息。因此，这项工作的目的是确定'Grande Naine'和'Prata Comum'香蕉束在圣保罗州Vale do Ribeira地区的营养需求。在夏季和冬季六个收获季节进行了束采样。将干物质产量和养分积累的结果提交方差分析。测定了植株的相对生长率(TCR)、有机净积累量(TALON)、出口量和养分积累顺序。钾和氮是两个品种积累和输出最多的养分。在收获期5(商业收获)，夏季产生更多的干物质，冬季积累更多的养分。TCR值最高的时段为夏季第2 ~ 3期和冬季第0 ~ 1期，但并不总是跟随TALON。所获得的结果对于使这些品种的营养管理适应研究区域具有重要意义，特别是在生长季节方面，因为冬季束在植株上的持久性较长，并且在商业收获之前对营养的需求较大。
{"title":"Nutritional demand of 'Grande Naine' and 'Prata Comum' banana bunches in two growing seasons","authors":"C. Oliveira, D. Rozane, Levi Godke Faber Pavarin, Henrique Shiniyti Akamine, S. H. M. G. D. Silva, J. D. Lima","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022430","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The quantification of nutrients accumulated and exported by banana bunches provides information on the crop nutritional requirements. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the nutritional demand of 'Grande Naine' and 'Prata Comum' banana bunches in the region of Vale do Ribeira, state of São Paulo. Bunch sampling was carried out in six harvest seasons, summer, and winter. The results of dry matter production and nutrient accumulation in bunches were submitted to analysis of variance. Relative growth rates (TCR), organogenic net accumulation (TALON), export and order of nutrient accumulation in bunches were estimated. K and N were the nutrients most accumulated and exported by both cultivars. In har-vest period 5 (commercial harvest), more dry matter was produced in the summer and more nutrients were accumulated in the winter. The highest TCR values were observed between periods 2 and 3 in the summer and between 0 and 1 in the winter, but it did not always follow TALON. The results obtained are important to adapt the nutritional management of these cultivars to the study region, especially in relation to the growing season, due to the longer permanence of the bunch on the plant in the winter and greater demand for nutrients until commercial harvest.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67379876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022479
Maria Monique Tavares Saraiva, Laesio Pereira Martins, R. D. Araújo, Oziel Nunes da Cruz, F. Lucena, Amanda Dias Costa
Abstract The umbu tree is an endemic species and is found in the Brazilian semi-arid. Umbu is highly appreciated for its socioeconomic importance and significant diversity of quality attributes. This study aims to explore the color-related variations between umbu matrices, and to evaluate the correlation between the main biometric attributes of quality. With this, 14 matrices were explored at the commercial ripening stage and submitted to colorimetric analysis (a*, b*, C* and L*) and determination of biometric parameters (fruit mass, length, width, shape, firmness, percentages of peel, seed, pulp, and yield). The colorimetric parameters were evaluated by the Scott-Knott mean test and dendrogram, and biometrics were submitted to linear correlation analysis. It was observed that in the peel green predominates, compared to the pulp, and the lowest luminosity indexes (L*) consist of the fruits with hairy peel. The saturation (C*) has a direct relationship with parameter b*; in addition, the dendrogram indicates the formation of four groups between the matrices. The correlation analysis of biometric parameters showed significant tendencies. Therefore, the results reinforce that the parameters evaluated can provide an important tool in selecting and quality control these fruits, since the required characteristics change according to their commercial purpose.
{"title":"Colorimetric variation and correlation of biometric parameters between umbu matrices","authors":"Maria Monique Tavares Saraiva, Laesio Pereira Martins, R. D. Araújo, Oziel Nunes da Cruz, F. Lucena, Amanda Dias Costa","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022479","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The umbu tree is an endemic species and is found in the Brazilian semi-arid. Umbu is highly appreciated for its socioeconomic importance and significant diversity of quality attributes. This study aims to explore the color-related variations between umbu matrices, and to evaluate the correlation between the main biometric attributes of quality. With this, 14 matrices were explored at the commercial ripening stage and submitted to colorimetric analysis (a*, b*, C* and L*) and determination of biometric parameters (fruit mass, length, width, shape, firmness, percentages of peel, seed, pulp, and yield). The colorimetric parameters were evaluated by the Scott-Knott mean test and dendrogram, and biometrics were submitted to linear correlation analysis. It was observed that in the peel green predominates, compared to the pulp, and the lowest luminosity indexes (L*) consist of the fruits with hairy peel. The saturation (C*) has a direct relationship with parameter b*; in addition, the dendrogram indicates the formation of four groups between the matrices. The correlation analysis of biometric parameters showed significant tendencies. Therefore, the results reinforce that the parameters evaluated can provide an important tool in selecting and quality control these fruits, since the required characteristics change according to their commercial purpose.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022839
M. A. Fayek, A. Rashedy, A. Ali
Abstract Using interstock with a potential genetic base is considered more recent and sustainable strategy for mitigating the water deficit. This investigation was carried out on transplant of Flame seedless (Vitis vinifera) grapevine grafted onto two rootstocks namely; Freedom (Vitis champinii x 1613C) and 1103Paulsen (vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris) with or without 1103Paulsen as interstock to determine its performance under deficit irrigation condition (50% of field capacity). The results indicated that Paulsen as rootstock or as interstock significantly increased the growth vigor of Flame seedless scion as well as the leaf content of total proline, phenols and sugars. Paulsen rootstock has decreased stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration rate and increased diffusion resistance under 50% deficit irrigation compared with grafting on Freedom rootstock. Moreover, Paulsen as interstock for Flame seedless grafted onto Freedom rootstock significantly increased relative water content accompanied by an increase in thickness of leaf anatomical characters such as midvein, lamina, palisade, xylem and phloem tissue under deficit irrigation compared with grafts without Paulsen interstock. This study suggests that using Paulsen as interstock, can be an adaptation strategy for water stress through controlling in some morphological, chemical physiological and anatomical responses of scion.
{"title":"Alleviating the adverse effects of deficit irrigation in Flame seedless grapevine via Paulsen interstock","authors":"M. A. Fayek, A. Rashedy, A. Ali","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022839","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using interstock with a potential genetic base is considered more recent and sustainable strategy for mitigating the water deficit. This investigation was carried out on transplant of Flame seedless (Vitis vinifera) grapevine grafted onto two rootstocks namely; Freedom (Vitis champinii x 1613C) and 1103Paulsen (vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris) with or without 1103Paulsen as interstock to determine its performance under deficit irrigation condition (50% of field capacity). The results indicated that Paulsen as rootstock or as interstock significantly increased the growth vigor of Flame seedless scion as well as the leaf content of total proline, phenols and sugars. Paulsen rootstock has decreased stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration rate and increased diffusion resistance under 50% deficit irrigation compared with grafting on Freedom rootstock. Moreover, Paulsen as interstock for Flame seedless grafted onto Freedom rootstock significantly increased relative water content accompanied by an increase in thickness of leaf anatomical characters such as midvein, lamina, palisade, xylem and phloem tissue under deficit irrigation compared with grafts without Paulsen interstock. This study suggests that using Paulsen as interstock, can be an adaptation strategy for water stress through controlling in some morphological, chemical physiological and anatomical responses of scion.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022851
Matheus Pena Campos, L. A. S. Pio, J. Rufini, J. S. B. Bueno Filho, P. C. D. Melo, Ana Claudia Costa
Abstract Brazilian banana farming is one of the most important agricultural activities in the national scenario and can be highly productive and economically profitable for producers who invest in technology. The objective of this work was to compare the economic viability of two different fertilization managements in the cultivation system of 1st -cycle ‘Prata Anã’ Gorutuba bananas. The conventional fertilization treatment (CM), adopted by the producer (control), was compared with the alternative treatment: conventional management + 3 soil conditioners + 1 biostimulant (CM + 3SC + 1B). The four products selected for the alternative treatment were oyster shell limestone, Celtonite, Lithothamnium calcareum and Acadian. The application of the four products in the CM + 3SC + 1B treatment provided satisfactory results on crop performance, mainly due to the increase of 4.032 tons ha-1. The CM+3CS+1B alternative management was more economically viable than CM, as the total operational cost (1st + 2nd year) of the alternative management was 6.71% higher compared to the conventional management; however, the alternative treatment productivity was 28.08% higher. The cost to produce one ton of bananas was R$ 2.456,91 in the conventional treatment and R$ 2.047,07 in the alternative treatment, which represents a 16.68% reduction in the average cost, indicating the economic feasibility of this treatment.
{"title":"Economic analysis of fertilization management in ‘Prata-Anã’ Gorutuba banana plants","authors":"Matheus Pena Campos, L. A. S. Pio, J. Rufini, J. S. B. Bueno Filho, P. C. D. Melo, Ana Claudia Costa","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022851","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Brazilian banana farming is one of the most important agricultural activities in the national scenario and can be highly productive and economically profitable for producers who invest in technology. The objective of this work was to compare the economic viability of two different fertilization managements in the cultivation system of 1st -cycle ‘Prata Anã’ Gorutuba bananas. The conventional fertilization treatment (CM), adopted by the producer (control), was compared with the alternative treatment: conventional management + 3 soil conditioners + 1 biostimulant (CM + 3SC + 1B). The four products selected for the alternative treatment were oyster shell limestone, Celtonite, Lithothamnium calcareum and Acadian. The application of the four products in the CM + 3SC + 1B treatment provided satisfactory results on crop performance, mainly due to the increase of 4.032 tons ha-1. The CM+3CS+1B alternative management was more economically viable than CM, as the total operational cost (1st + 2nd year) of the alternative management was 6.71% higher compared to the conventional management; however, the alternative treatment productivity was 28.08% higher. The cost to produce one ton of bananas was R$ 2.456,91 in the conventional treatment and R$ 2.047,07 in the alternative treatment, which represents a 16.68% reduction in the average cost, indicating the economic feasibility of this treatment.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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