Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022008
Fernanda Roverssi, T. Cavichioli, Maiara Curtolo, R. R. Latado, Mariângela Cristofani Yaly
Abstract The Citrus Breeding Program of the Citriculture Center at the Agronomic Institute (IAC) has developed a mandarin cultivar IAC 2019Maria from the crossing between Murcott IAC tangor (Citrus reticulata x Citrus sinensis) and Pera IAC sweet orange (C. sinensis). The present study aimed to assess the number of seeds in fruits of IAC 2019Maria mandarin and to identify zygotic embryos and triploid plants in the crossings between IAC 2019Maria mandarin, Pera IAC sweet orange, and Ponkan mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), in addition to IAC 2019Maria mandarin in open and self-pollination. IAC 2019Maria flowers were self-pollinated, pollinated with pollen from Pera sweet orange and Ponkan mandarin, and had no pollination. The embryos were identified using microsatellite molecular markers and ploidy was assessed by flow cytometry. The results of the treatment with no pollination suggest the variety does not produce parthenocarpic fruits. The genotyping results showed that 100% of the populations consist of zygotic embryos, suggesting that IAC 2019Maria mandarin is a plant with low polyembryony. The ploidy analysis of the hybrids allowed identifying a triploid plant from an aborted seed from the crossing with Pera sweet orange and two tetraploids, one from the crossing with Pera sweet orange and one from self-pollination.
{"title":"Number of seeds in fruits and frequency of hybrids obtained in crossings with IAC 2019 Maria mandarin","authors":"Fernanda Roverssi, T. Cavichioli, Maiara Curtolo, R. R. Latado, Mariângela Cristofani Yaly","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Citrus Breeding Program of the Citriculture Center at the Agronomic Institute (IAC) has developed a mandarin cultivar IAC 2019Maria from the crossing between Murcott IAC tangor (Citrus reticulata x Citrus sinensis) and Pera IAC sweet orange (C. sinensis). The present study aimed to assess the number of seeds in fruits of IAC 2019Maria mandarin and to identify zygotic embryos and triploid plants in the crossings between IAC 2019Maria mandarin, Pera IAC sweet orange, and Ponkan mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), in addition to IAC 2019Maria mandarin in open and self-pollination. IAC 2019Maria flowers were self-pollinated, pollinated with pollen from Pera sweet orange and Ponkan mandarin, and had no pollination. The embryos were identified using microsatellite molecular markers and ploidy was assessed by flow cytometry. The results of the treatment with no pollination suggest the variety does not produce parthenocarpic fruits. The genotyping results showed that 100% of the populations consist of zygotic embryos, suggesting that IAC 2019Maria mandarin is a plant with low polyembryony. The ploidy analysis of the hybrids allowed identifying a triploid plant from an aborted seed from the crossing with Pera sweet orange and two tetraploids, one from the crossing with Pera sweet orange and one from self-pollination.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67378396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022842
M. B. Schimalski, L. Rufato, Jessiane Mary Jastrombek, V. Liesenberg
Abstract This study carried out a mapping procedure focusing on apple orchards considering the planted area, spatial location, altitude range, slope interval, and presence of anti-hail nets in the city of São Joaquim (Southern Santa Catarina Plateau, Brazil). Spectral images from the Sentinel-2 orbital platform acquired in August 2018 and an enhanced digital elevation model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) were used. In a GIS application configured with the SIRGAS 2000,4 reference system and UTM cartographic projection, Sentinel-2 constellation images and digital elevation models from the SRTM mission and more recently refined with sensor data Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) were added. All images were resampled to a spatial resolution of 10m. The results were validated based on high spatial resolution images available from Google Earth. The results show that São Joaquim has a planted area of 7,974.80 ha, and only 12% use an anti-hail coverage system. The majority of the orchards range from one to five ha and belong to small producers. More than 50% of the orchards are between 1,200 and 1,400 m in altitude, with 45% of orchards located in areas with slopes between 8 to 20%. Interestingly, most of the orchards are concentrated in a radius of up to 20km from the urban center of São Joaquim, where industries and cooperatives are located for packaging, processing, and logistics. This study demonstrated that orbital data from Sentinel-2 can effectively quantify the distribution of apple orchards, being a viable and effective alternative for collecting information for agricultural monitoring. In this way, it enables efficient planning of apple production, such as technical assistance, marketing with producers, and production flow.
以巴西圣卡塔琳娜高原南部s o Joaquim市的苹果果园为研究对象，综合考虑种植面积、空间位置、海拔范围、坡距和防雹网的存在等因素，开展了以苹果果园为研究对象的制图工作。使用了2018年8月获得的哨兵2号轨道平台的光谱图像和航天飞机雷达地形任务(SRTM)的增强型数字高程模型。在使用SIRGAS 2000配置的GIS应用程序中，添加了4参考系统和UTM地图投影、Sentinel-2星座图像和SRTM任务的数字高程模型，以及最近使用相控阵型l波段合成孔径雷达(PALSAR)的传感器数据进行了改进。所有图像重新采样至10m的空间分辨率。基于谷歌地球提供的高空间分辨率图像对结果进行了验证。结果表明，s o Joaquim的种植面积为7,974.80 ha，只有12%使用防雹覆盖系统。大多数果园面积从1公顷到5公顷不等，属于小生产者。超过50%的果园海拔在1200米至1400米之间，45%的果园位于坡度在8%至20%之间的地区。有趣的是，大部分果园都集中在距离城市中心 o Joaquim 20公里的半径内，那里有工业和合作社，从事包装、加工和物流。该研究表明，哨兵2号卫星的轨道数据可以有效地量化苹果园的分布，是一种可行的、有效的农业监测信息收集方法。通过这种方式，它可以有效地规划苹果生产，如技术援助、与生产商的营销和生产流程。
{"title":"Mapping Apple Orchards in the municipality of São Joaquim (Santa Catarina, Brazil) using Sentinel-2 data","authors":"M. B. Schimalski, L. Rufato, Jessiane Mary Jastrombek, V. Liesenberg","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022842","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study carried out a mapping procedure focusing on apple orchards considering the planted area, spatial location, altitude range, slope interval, and presence of anti-hail nets in the city of São Joaquim (Southern Santa Catarina Plateau, Brazil). Spectral images from the Sentinel-2 orbital platform acquired in August 2018 and an enhanced digital elevation model from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) were used. In a GIS application configured with the SIRGAS 2000,4 reference system and UTM cartographic projection, Sentinel-2 constellation images and digital elevation models from the SRTM mission and more recently refined with sensor data Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) were added. All images were resampled to a spatial resolution of 10m. The results were validated based on high spatial resolution images available from Google Earth. The results show that São Joaquim has a planted area of 7,974.80 ha, and only 12% use an anti-hail coverage system. The majority of the orchards range from one to five ha and belong to small producers. More than 50% of the orchards are between 1,200 and 1,400 m in altitude, with 45% of orchards located in areas with slopes between 8 to 20%. Interestingly, most of the orchards are concentrated in a radius of up to 20km from the urban center of São Joaquim, where industries and cooperatives are located for packaging, processing, and logistics. This study demonstrated that orbital data from Sentinel-2 can effectively quantify the distribution of apple orchards, being a viable and effective alternative for collecting information for agricultural monitoring. In this way, it enables efficient planning of apple production, such as technical assistance, marketing with producers, and production flow.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"220 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022912
Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, C. Martins, Caroline Farias Barreto, C. Hellwig, P. Mello-Farias
Abstract Quality pecan rootstocks that ensure genetic and phytosanitary safety, besides having good vegetative development, are extremely important to implant a successful orchard. Rootstocks with vigorous radicular systems affect plant growth. This study aimed at evaluating rootstock growth as the result of root pruning and the use of different containers to grow pecan rootstocks in an organic system. The experiment was conducted with “Barton” rootstocks in the experimental area at the Embrapa Clima Temperado in Pelotas, RS, Brazil, in 2018, 2019 and 2020. Rootstocks were evaluated in plastic bags and tubes and in the soil, associated with root pruning. Evaluation 280 and 480 days after transplant comprised the following: height of the aerial part, length of primary and secondary radicular systems, stem diameter, leaf area, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the radicular system, dry mass of secondary roots and the Dickson Quality Index. The use of plastic bags to produce pecan rootstocks was found to coil roots at the bottom of the container. Neither containers nor root pruning affected stem diameter, an important parameter to carry out grafting. Pecan rootstocks with a non-pruned radicular system grown in plastic bags developed large main root and aerial part. Pruning of pecan radicular systems in containers and in the soil leads to increase in the number of main roots but decreases root length.
{"title":"Root pruning of pecan rootstocks in different containers","authors":"Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, C. Martins, Caroline Farias Barreto, C. Hellwig, P. Mello-Farias","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022912","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Quality pecan rootstocks that ensure genetic and phytosanitary safety, besides having good vegetative development, are extremely important to implant a successful orchard. Rootstocks with vigorous radicular systems affect plant growth. This study aimed at evaluating rootstock growth as the result of root pruning and the use of different containers to grow pecan rootstocks in an organic system. The experiment was conducted with “Barton” rootstocks in the experimental area at the Embrapa Clima Temperado in Pelotas, RS, Brazil, in 2018, 2019 and 2020. Rootstocks were evaluated in plastic bags and tubes and in the soil, associated with root pruning. Evaluation 280 and 480 days after transplant comprised the following: height of the aerial part, length of primary and secondary radicular systems, stem diameter, leaf area, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the radicular system, dry mass of secondary roots and the Dickson Quality Index. The use of plastic bags to produce pecan rootstocks was found to coil roots at the bottom of the container. Neither containers nor root pruning affected stem diameter, an important parameter to carry out grafting. Pecan rootstocks with a non-pruned radicular system grown in plastic bags developed large main root and aerial part. Pruning of pecan radicular systems in containers and in the soil leads to increase in the number of main roots but decreases root length.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022035
Melissa Alexandra Romero, Santiago C. Vásquez, A. Romero, Marlene Lorena Molina-Müller, M. Capa-Morocho, F. Granja
Abstract Cocoa is a crop in increasing demand and cultivated worldwide. However, basic information concerning the movement of nutrients in leaves over time is still unknown, and methods to find an optimal time to collect a sample are still ambigu-ous. The present work focused on describing the movement of foliar nutrients (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in productive 5-year-old cocoa clone CCN51 plants at the same dose of 114.8 kg ha-1 under different sources of nitrogen fertilization (Urea, calcium ni-trate, ammonium sulfate and a control without application). Samples were taken from the time the leaf reached 70% of its total expansion until 10 months of age. The results indicated that the contents of N, Ca and Mg increased as the leaf grew, remained stable between 116 and 158 days of shoot emergence (DSE) and then decreased at the beginning of the leaf senescence period. While the K and P con-tents decrease from the beginning of the trial until 158 DSE where they are stable until the final stage of leaf life. Around 110 to 120 DSE, the leaves of cocoa CCN51 show a more stable nutritional content, a period in which samples can be collected for leaf analysis.
可可是一种在世界范围内需求量和种植量不断增加的作物。然而，关于叶片中营养物质随时间变化的基本信息仍然未知，寻找最佳采样时间的方法仍然含糊不清。本文研究了不同氮肥来源(尿素、硝酸钙、硫酸铵和不施用对照)下，相同剂量114.8 kg ha-1的5年可可无性系CCN51叶片营养物质(N、P、K、Ca和Mg)的运动规律。样品是从叶子达到其总膨胀的70%到10个月的年龄。结果表明:随着叶片的生长，氮、钙、镁含量呈上升趋势，在出芽116 ~ 158 d保持稳定，在叶片衰老初期呈下降趋势;而钾、磷含量从试验开始一直下降到158 DSE，直到叶片生命的最后阶段，钾、磷含量保持稳定。在110至120 DSE左右，可可CCN51的叶片显示出更稳定的营养成分，这段时间可以收集样本进行叶片分析。
{"title":"Nutrient dynamic in cocoa leaves under different nitrogen sources: a reference tool for foliar analysis","authors":"Melissa Alexandra Romero, Santiago C. Vásquez, A. Romero, Marlene Lorena Molina-Müller, M. Capa-Morocho, F. Granja","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cocoa is a crop in increasing demand and cultivated worldwide. However, basic information concerning the movement of nutrients in leaves over time is still unknown, and methods to find an optimal time to collect a sample are still ambigu-ous. The present work focused on describing the movement of foliar nutrients (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in productive 5-year-old cocoa clone CCN51 plants at the same dose of 114.8 kg ha-1 under different sources of nitrogen fertilization (Urea, calcium ni-trate, ammonium sulfate and a control without application). Samples were taken from the time the leaf reached 70% of its total expansion until 10 months of age. The results indicated that the contents of N, Ca and Mg increased as the leaf grew, remained stable between 116 and 158 days of shoot emergence (DSE) and then decreased at the beginning of the leaf senescence period. While the K and P con-tents decrease from the beginning of the trial until 158 DSE where they are stable until the final stage of leaf life. Around 110 to 120 DSE, the leaves of cocoa CCN51 show a more stable nutritional content, a period in which samples can be collected for leaf analysis.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67378211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022084
J. S. Nascimento, M. C. Vieira, N. A. H. Zárate, A. Goelzer, O. B. D. Silva, C. C. Santos
Abstract Campomanesia adamantium (guavira) is a native plant of the Brazilian Cerrado used both as food and as medicine. The plant has undergone indiscriminate overexploitation in its habitat, which, in association with fires and deforestation, puts the species at risk of extinction. To preserve the species, in situ and ex situ management actions are required and agroecological practices associated with green manuring is the recommended system. In this study, we investigated the development of C. adamantium grown with the green manures Stylosanthes macrocephala, Pueraria phaseoloides, Calopogonium mucunoides, and Cajanus cajan, as well as the chemical and microbiological properties of the soil. The green manures had the highest production of fresh and dry masses at the second cut and C. mucunoides, S. macrocephala, and P. phaseoloides presented the highest nutrient concentrations. C. mucunoides mass decomposed rapidly and influenced the chemical properties of the soil, with a greater role of soil microorganisms in the biochemical process of decomposition of the organic residues. The bestdeveloped and highest yielding plants with the highest leaf nutrient content were obtained for C. adamantium grown with the green manures C. mucunoides and S. macrocephala. The results showed that C. adamantium responded positively to the use of the green manure C. mucunoides with increased leaf production. This agroecological cultivation to contributes for the preservation of C. adamantium and the appropriate use of the natural resources of the Cerrado.
{"title":"Growth ofCampomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg, native to Brazilian Cerrado, with green manure in agroecological system contributes to the preservation of the species","authors":"J. S. Nascimento, M. C. Vieira, N. A. H. Zárate, A. Goelzer, O. B. D. Silva, C. C. Santos","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Campomanesia adamantium (guavira) is a native plant of the Brazilian Cerrado used both as food and as medicine. The plant has undergone indiscriminate overexploitation in its habitat, which, in association with fires and deforestation, puts the species at risk of extinction. To preserve the species, in situ and ex situ management actions are required and agroecological practices associated with green manuring is the recommended system. In this study, we investigated the development of C. adamantium grown with the green manures Stylosanthes macrocephala, Pueraria phaseoloides, Calopogonium mucunoides, and Cajanus cajan, as well as the chemical and microbiological properties of the soil. The green manures had the highest production of fresh and dry masses at the second cut and C. mucunoides, S. macrocephala, and P. phaseoloides presented the highest nutrient concentrations. C. mucunoides mass decomposed rapidly and influenced the chemical properties of the soil, with a greater role of soil microorganisms in the biochemical process of decomposition of the organic residues. The bestdeveloped and highest yielding plants with the highest leaf nutrient content were obtained for C. adamantium grown with the green manures C. mucunoides and S. macrocephala. The results showed that C. adamantium responded positively to the use of the green manure C. mucunoides with increased leaf production. This agroecological cultivation to contributes for the preservation of C. adamantium and the appropriate use of the natural resources of the Cerrado.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67378838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022259
F. R. Gomes, D. P. D. Silva, C. Rodrigues, A. Salazar, Hildeu Ferreira Assunção, S. C. Cruz
Abstract This work aimed to characterize and evaluate the correlations between fruit and pulp characteristics of a commercial cultivar of yellow passion fruit (FB 200) infected with the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV). The observation of natural infection occurred after the beginning of flowering. The parameters weight, length, and diameter, peel thickness, pulp yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and the soluble solids content/titratable acidity ratio were evaluated. A completely randomized block design composed of 20 plots with five replications was adopted. The data were subject to descriptive analyses and Pearson’s Correlation at 1 and 5% of significance. CABMV has decreased the quality and physical characteristics of fruits, but they still could be destined for juice processing industries. Many parameters of the fruits presented significant positive correlations.
{"title":"Evaluation of production and fruit quality of a yellow passion fruit cultivar infected with the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus","authors":"F. R. Gomes, D. P. D. Silva, C. Rodrigues, A. Salazar, Hildeu Ferreira Assunção, S. C. Cruz","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022259","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work aimed to characterize and evaluate the correlations between fruit and pulp characteristics of a commercial cultivar of yellow passion fruit (FB 200) infected with the cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV). The observation of natural infection occurred after the beginning of flowering. The parameters weight, length, and diameter, peel thickness, pulp yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and the soluble solids content/titratable acidity ratio were evaluated. A completely randomized block design composed of 20 plots with five replications was adopted. The data were subject to descriptive analyses and Pearson’s Correlation at 1 and 5% of significance. CABMV has decreased the quality and physical characteristics of fruits, but they still could be destined for juice processing industries. Many parameters of the fruits presented significant positive correlations.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67379335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022286
R. Anzanello, C. Fogaça, G. Sartori, Tainan Graeff Tasso
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of heat waves on the bud dormancy of grapevines with contrasting chilling requirements. ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ hardwood cuttings were collected in vineyards of Veranópolis, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and were exposed to constant (7.2°C) or alternate (7.2 and 18°C for 12/12 hours) temperatures, combined with zero, one or two days a week at 25°C. Periodically, part of cuttings was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation. Endodormancy (dormancy controlled by cold) was overcome with 150 chilling hours (CH) at 7.2ºC in ‘Chardonnay’, 300 CH in ‘Merlot’ and 400 CH in ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’. Daily temperature cycles ranging from7.2ºC to 18°C did not affect the endodormancy process. Heat waves of 25°C resulted in increase in CH to overcome endodormancy. The negative effect of heat waves depended on their duration, with heat partially canceling out the chilling accumulation after 36 continuous hours on the dormancy. Such evidence shows that the dormancy evolution is affected by the impact of the heat interspersed with cold, and should be considered in the adjustment and/or development of better-adapted models for the prediction of the budburst potential of the grapevine culture in Southern Brazil.
{"title":"Impact of heat waves on the bud dormancy of grapevines","authors":"R. Anzanello, C. Fogaça, G. Sartori, Tainan Graeff Tasso","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022286","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of heat waves on the bud dormancy of grapevines with contrasting chilling requirements. ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ hardwood cuttings were collected in vineyards of Veranópolis, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and were exposed to constant (7.2°C) or alternate (7.2 and 18°C for 12/12 hours) temperatures, combined with zero, one or two days a week at 25°C. Periodically, part of cuttings was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation. Endodormancy (dormancy controlled by cold) was overcome with 150 chilling hours (CH) at 7.2ºC in ‘Chardonnay’, 300 CH in ‘Merlot’ and 400 CH in ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’. Daily temperature cycles ranging from7.2ºC to 18°C did not affect the endodormancy process. Heat waves of 25°C resulted in increase in CH to overcome endodormancy. The negative effect of heat waves depended on their duration, with heat partially canceling out the chilling accumulation after 36 continuous hours on the dormancy. Such evidence shows that the dormancy evolution is affected by the impact of the heat interspersed with cold, and should be considered in the adjustment and/or development of better-adapted models for the prediction of the budburst potential of the grapevine culture in Southern Brazil.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67379480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022849
Tariani Lemos de Avila, Ricardo Peraça Toralles, Estefani Tavares Jansen, Marcela Vega Ferreira, C. Kuhn, W. A. Ruiz
Abstract The best conditions for in vitro sucrose hydrolysis based on invertase from Candida guilliermondii (ICg) were studied and the kinetic parameters KM,Vmax, and thermal stability of ICg were determined. Candida guilliermondii (Cg) yeast isolated and lyophilized from peach solid wastes was identified using the API 20C AUX method. Subsequently, the Cg was submitted to an autolysis process using NaHCO3 at 200 mM under 200 rpm stirring and 40 °C for 24 h. The enzyme extracts obtained were recovered through precipitation with acetone followed by dialysis and ion-exchange chromatography. The extract purified through precipitation with acetone had activity of 27.7 U.mg-1 and 56% recovery whereas the chromatography process yielded 46.5 U.mg-1 and 44.8%. The optimal sucrose hydrolysis conditions were pH 5.0 and 50 °C, resulting in KM of 30.5 mM and 28.7 mM sucrose, respectively, at 25 °C and 50 °C, both with Michaelian behavior. Thermal inactivation of ICg exhibited first-order apparent kinetics and its residual activity was typically linear between 40 °C and 70 °C. Three isoenzymes were detected through electrophoresis.
{"title":"Extraction, purification and characterization of invertase from Candida guilliermondii isolated from peach solid wastes","authors":"Tariani Lemos de Avila, Ricardo Peraça Toralles, Estefani Tavares Jansen, Marcela Vega Ferreira, C. Kuhn, W. A. Ruiz","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022849","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The best conditions for in vitro sucrose hydrolysis based on invertase from Candida guilliermondii (ICg) were studied and the kinetic parameters KM,Vmax, and thermal stability of ICg were determined. Candida guilliermondii (Cg) yeast isolated and lyophilized from peach solid wastes was identified using the API 20C AUX method. Subsequently, the Cg was submitted to an autolysis process using NaHCO3 at 200 mM under 200 rpm stirring and 40 °C for 24 h. The enzyme extracts obtained were recovered through precipitation with acetone followed by dialysis and ion-exchange chromatography. The extract purified through precipitation with acetone had activity of 27.7 U.mg-1 and 56% recovery whereas the chromatography process yielded 46.5 U.mg-1 and 44.8%. The optimal sucrose hydrolysis conditions were pH 5.0 and 50 °C, resulting in KM of 30.5 mM and 28.7 mM sucrose, respectively, at 25 °C and 50 °C, both with Michaelian behavior. Thermal inactivation of ICg exhibited first-order apparent kinetics and its residual activity was typically linear between 40 °C and 70 °C. Three isoenzymes were detected through electrophoresis.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022905
L. Argenta, R. O. Anese, F. Thewes, R. Wood, C. N. Nesi, D. Neuwald
Abstract This study was carried out to examine the response of ‘Luiza’ apple to different storage atmospheres, durations, and chemical inhibition of ethylene action by 1-MCP. Analysis of fruit quality and physiological disorder incidence were performed every two months during eight months of storage for Exp. 1 and 2, and after eight months for Exp. 3. Both CA storage and 1-MCP treatment reduced fruit ethylene production and respiration and prevented the rapid fruit softening, flesh browning incidence and fungal decay of ‘Luiza’ apple. The combination of 1-MCP treatment before storage in CA provided an additional benefit in firmness retention after simulated marketing conditions at 22oC. Based on the time to reach a firmness of 53 N, the storage life of ‘Luiza’ apple is less than four months in air-storage and more than six months under CA-storage. ‘Luiza’ fruit did not develop symptoms of CO2 injury when stored under high CO2 partial pressures (up to 4.5 kPa). However, we observed increased flesh browning and fungal decay incidence for CA-stored fruit between six and eight months of storage. Therefore, the storage potential of ‘Luiza’ apple fruit may be limited to six months under CA-storage (1.5 kPa O2 and 2.5 kPa CO2).
{"title":"Maintenance of ‘Luiza’ apple fruit quality as affected by postharvest practices","authors":"L. Argenta, R. O. Anese, F. Thewes, R. Wood, C. N. Nesi, D. Neuwald","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022905","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was carried out to examine the response of ‘Luiza’ apple to different storage atmospheres, durations, and chemical inhibition of ethylene action by 1-MCP. Analysis of fruit quality and physiological disorder incidence were performed every two months during eight months of storage for Exp. 1 and 2, and after eight months for Exp. 3. Both CA storage and 1-MCP treatment reduced fruit ethylene production and respiration and prevented the rapid fruit softening, flesh browning incidence and fungal decay of ‘Luiza’ apple. The combination of 1-MCP treatment before storage in CA provided an additional benefit in firmness retention after simulated marketing conditions at 22oC. Based on the time to reach a firmness of 53 N, the storage life of ‘Luiza’ apple is less than four months in air-storage and more than six months under CA-storage. ‘Luiza’ fruit did not develop symptoms of CO2 injury when stored under high CO2 partial pressures (up to 4.5 kPa). However, we observed increased flesh browning and fungal decay incidence for CA-stored fruit between six and eight months of storage. Therefore, the storage potential of ‘Luiza’ apple fruit may be limited to six months under CA-storage (1.5 kPa O2 and 2.5 kPa CO2).","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/0100-29452022872
O. J. Smiderle, A. D. G. Souza, Sonicley da Silva Maia, Nilmar Diogo dos Reis, J. Costa, Gabriel Souza Pereira
Abstract Products that have biostimulant action on forest seedlings, such as those based seaweed Acadian® and hormones, have been used due to their beneficial effect on the physiology and growth of plants, in order to improve the quality of forest seedlings. The present study establishes as research problem: Can doses of Acadian® algae extract and Stimulate® be effective for the initial growth and physiological indices of jatobá seedlings? The variables evaluated were: shoot height (H), stem diameter (SD), increments in stem diameter (?SD) and shoot height (?H), shoot dry mass (SDM, g plant-1), root dry mass (RDM, g plant-1) and total dry mass (TDM, g plant-1), and Dickson quality index, net assimilation rate (EA, g.m-2.day), leaf relative growth rate (RA, g.m-2.day), leaf area ratio (FA, m2.g-1), specific leaf area (SA, cm2.g-1), leaf mass ratio (Fw, g/g-1) as well as nitrogen balance index (NBI) and chlorophylls. The plant growth regulators (Acadian®) at the dose of maximum technical efficiency of 0.28 ml L-1 promotes an increase in stem diameter in Hymenaea courbaril. Acadian® increases chlorophyll a and b contents in Hymenaea courbaril seedlings. The tested doses of Stimulate® do not increase chlorophyll a and b contents in H. courbaril seedlings.
对森林幼苗具有生物刺激作用的产品，如海藻Acadian®和激素，因其对植物生理和生长的有益作用而被用于提高森林幼苗的质量。本研究建立了一个研究问题:Acadian®海藻提取物和stimulation®的剂量对jatobob幼苗的初始生长和生理指标是否有效?评价变量为:茎高(H)、茎粗(SD)、茎粗增量(?SD)和茎高增量(?H)、茎干质量(SDM, g plant-1)、根干质量(RDM, g plant-1)和总干质量(TDM, g plant-1)、Dickson品质指数、净同化率(EA, g.m-2.day)、叶片相对生长率(RA, g.m-2.day)、叶面积比(FA, m2.g-1)、比叶面积(SA, cm2.g-1)、叶质量比(Fw, g/g-1)、氮平衡指数(NBI)和叶绿素。植物生长调节剂(Acadian®)在0.28 ml L-1的最大技术效率剂量下，促进了库巴膜aea茎粗的增加。Acadian®增加了黄膜菊幼苗叶绿素a和b的含量。所测剂量的stimulus®不会增加小檗幼苗中叶绿素a和b的含量。
{"title":"Do stimulate® and acadian® promote increased growth and physiological indices of Hymenaea courbaril seedlings?","authors":"O. J. Smiderle, A. D. G. Souza, Sonicley da Silva Maia, Nilmar Diogo dos Reis, J. Costa, Gabriel Souza Pereira","doi":"10.1590/0100-29452022872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452022872","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Products that have biostimulant action on forest seedlings, such as those based seaweed Acadian® and hormones, have been used due to their beneficial effect on the physiology and growth of plants, in order to improve the quality of forest seedlings. The present study establishes as research problem: Can doses of Acadian® algae extract and Stimulate® be effective for the initial growth and physiological indices of jatobá seedlings? The variables evaluated were: shoot height (H), stem diameter (SD), increments in stem diameter (?SD) and shoot height (?H), shoot dry mass (SDM, g plant-1), root dry mass (RDM, g plant-1) and total dry mass (TDM, g plant-1), and Dickson quality index, net assimilation rate (EA, g.m-2.day), leaf relative growth rate (RA, g.m-2.day), leaf area ratio (FA, m2.g-1), specific leaf area (SA, cm2.g-1), leaf mass ratio (Fw, g/g-1) as well as nitrogen balance index (NBI) and chlorophylls. The plant growth regulators (Acadian®) at the dose of maximum technical efficiency of 0.28 ml L-1 promotes an increase in stem diameter in Hymenaea courbaril. Acadian® increases chlorophyll a and b contents in Hymenaea courbaril seedlings. The tested doses of Stimulate® do not increase chlorophyll a and b contents in H. courbaril seedlings.","PeriodicalId":21334,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira De Fruticultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67380969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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