We report about two patients with gastric neuroendocrine tumours (carcinoids) and chronic atrophic gastritis. A 68-year-old woman presented with nonspecific dyspeptic complaints. Gastroscopy revealed a single neuroendocrine tumour of the corpus. 33 months after endoscopic therapy she is free of detectable tumour. As cause of an upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a 75-year-old woman, a small ulcerated fundic neuroendocrine tumour was found together with other multiple tumours. Repeated endoscopic removals of these and further developing similar tumours were necessary during a follow-up of 25 months. Neuroendocrine tumours of the stomach are rare and are potentially malignant. According to their clinical context they can be divided into three subtypes: 1. tumours in chronic atrophic gastritis, 2. tumours in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I, 3. sporadic tumours, not associated with particular diseases. The first two types may be gastrin-promoted; they occur often multifocal only in the nonantral mucosa and seem to behave relatively benign. Metastasis limited to regional lymph nodes has not been described often. The very rare third type appears solitary in the whole stomach and seems to have a higher malignant potential with frequent distant metastasis to the liver. Therapy should be mainly guided by subtype and tumour size.
A prospective cross-over study was performed in a general practice environment to assess and compare compliance data obtained by electronic monitoring on a BID or QD regimen in 113 patients with hypertension or angina pectoris. All patients were on a BID regimen (nifedipine SR) during the first month and switched to QD regimen (amlodipine) for another month. Taking compliance (i.e. the proportion of days with correct dosing) improved in 30% of patients (95% confidence interval 19 to 41%, p < 0.001), when switching from a BID to a QD regimen, but at the same time there was a 15% increase (95% confidence interval 5 to 25%, p < 0.02) in the number of patients with one or more no-dosing days. About 8% of patients had a low compliance rate, irrespective of the dosage regimen. Actual dosage intervals were used to estimate extent and timing of periods with unsatisfactory drug activity for various hypothetical drug durations of action, and it appears that the apparent advantage of QD regimen in terms of compliance is clinically meaningful only, when the duration of activity extents beyond the dosage interval in all patients.
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