Maysoon Albahiti, Tariq S Abuhaimed, Bashaer Al-Noman, Razan Hashim
Introduction: Inexperienced undergraduate dental students tend to take unnecessary radiographs during endodontic treatment, which has an adverse effect on clinical workflow. The aim of this study was to quantify the repeat rate of endodontic periapical radiographs taken by senior dental students during endodontic treatment stages and to analyze the prevalence of radiographic errors that led to repeated radiographs. In addition, the average number of visits required to complete the treatment was determined. Materials and Methods: A total of 583 cases that included 5689 periapical radiographs were collected from the records of a completed academic year. The periapical images were divided according to tooth type and the stages of the treatment procedure. The prevalence of error types, number of visits, and repeated images exceeding the number of radiographs allowed for completion of the treatment were evaluated. The collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: The overall repeat rates of anterior, premolars, and molars were 36%, 36%, and 39%, respectively (P = 0.66). The highest repeat rates were recorded during instrumentation (44%-55%), followed by obturation (36%–46%). The most common error types were working length adjustment (27%–33%), missing apex (24%–28%), and obturation adjustment (19%–24%). The mean number of visits was higher than recommended for all tooth types. Conclusions: The repeated rates of radiographs and number of visits were higher than recommended. A set of recommendations were formulated to optimize quality assurance and deliver a better-quality health service to the patients.
{"title":"Analysis of endodontic radiographic imaging repeat rate: A cross-sectional study in an undergraduate clinical setting","authors":"Maysoon Albahiti, Tariq S Abuhaimed, Bashaer Al-Noman, Razan Hashim","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_241_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_241_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inexperienced undergraduate dental students tend to take unnecessary radiographs during endodontic treatment, which has an adverse effect on clinical workflow. The aim of this study was to quantify the repeat rate of endodontic periapical radiographs taken by senior dental students during endodontic treatment stages and to analyze the prevalence of radiographic errors that led to repeated radiographs. In addition, the average number of visits required to complete the treatment was determined. Materials and Methods: A total of 583 cases that included 5689 periapical radiographs were collected from the records of a completed academic year. The periapical images were divided according to tooth type and the stages of the treatment procedure. The prevalence of error types, number of visits, and repeated images exceeding the number of radiographs allowed for completion of the treatment were evaluated. The collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: The overall repeat rates of anterior, premolars, and molars were 36%, 36%, and 39%, respectively (P = 0.66). The highest repeat rates were recorded during instrumentation (44%-55%), followed by obturation (36%–46%). The most common error types were working length adjustment (27%–33%), missing apex (24%–28%), and obturation adjustment (19%–24%). The mean number of visits was higher than recommended for all tooth types. Conclusions: The repeated rates of radiographs and number of visits were higher than recommended. A set of recommendations were formulated to optimize quality assurance and deliver a better-quality health service to the patients.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"204 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83201493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Bioceramic root canal sealers are the newest generation of root canal sealers. Τhere are contradictory results in the literature about their antimicrobial activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of four root canal sealers against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Four root canal sealers were used in order to examine antibacterial efficacy: TotalFill, BioRoot Root Canal Sealer, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Fillapex, and AH Plus. The bacterial suspension was placed on a freshly mixed sealer, one or 3 days set sealer in vertically held microtiter plates. After incubation of 2, 5, 20, and 60 min in 100% humidity at 37 C, Trypticase Soy Broth was added to each well and mixed. Then, bacterial suspension from each well was transferred, serially diluted, and placed on Mitis salivarius agar plates. After incubation, colony-forming units were counted. All experiments were performed in triplicate. The outcomes of antimicrobial properties of tested materials were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: All bioceramic root canal sealers showed significantly better efficacy than the control group and epoxy resin sealer (P < 0.05). TotalFill presented the highest efficacy comparable with BioRoot RCS (P > 0.05), followed with MTA Fillapex (P < 0.05). Also, freshly mixed sealers showed comparable efficacy as sealers set for 3 days (P > 0.05), but better than sealers set for 1 day (P < 0.05). All sealers exhibited the highest efficacy after 20 min of contact time, independently of materials that were freshly mixed or set for 1 or 3 days. Conclusion: Bioceramic sealers have greater antimicrobial activity than commercially used epoxy resin sealer. These sealers exhibited the strongest efficacy at 20 min of contact time, independently of their setting condition.
{"title":"Antibacterial efficacy of bioceramic root canal sealers against planktonic Enterococcus faecalis after different contact and setting time: An in vitro study","authors":"M. Munitić, Sandra Marijan, D. Kero, I. Bago","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_12_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_12_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bioceramic root canal sealers are the newest generation of root canal sealers. Τhere are contradictory results in the literature about their antimicrobial activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of four root canal sealers against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Four root canal sealers were used in order to examine antibacterial efficacy: TotalFill, BioRoot Root Canal Sealer, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Fillapex, and AH Plus. The bacterial suspension was placed on a freshly mixed sealer, one or 3 days set sealer in vertically held microtiter plates. After incubation of 2, 5, 20, and 60 min in 100% humidity at 37 C, Trypticase Soy Broth was added to each well and mixed. Then, bacterial suspension from each well was transferred, serially diluted, and placed on Mitis salivarius agar plates. After incubation, colony-forming units were counted. All experiments were performed in triplicate. The outcomes of antimicrobial properties of tested materials were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: All bioceramic root canal sealers showed significantly better efficacy than the control group and epoxy resin sealer (P < 0.05). TotalFill presented the highest efficacy comparable with BioRoot RCS (P > 0.05), followed with MTA Fillapex (P < 0.05). Also, freshly mixed sealers showed comparable efficacy as sealers set for 3 days (P > 0.05), but better than sealers set for 1 day (P < 0.05). All sealers exhibited the highest efficacy after 20 min of contact time, independently of materials that were freshly mixed or set for 1 or 3 days. Conclusion: Bioceramic sealers have greater antimicrobial activity than commercially used epoxy resin sealer. These sealers exhibited the strongest efficacy at 20 min of contact time, independently of their setting condition.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"56 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77309112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Panupat Phumpatrakom, Napada Klinsontorn, Tunya Jutrakulkeeree, Varit Thanarojwongsa, A. Klaisiri, Panuroot Aguilar
Introduction: The heat during autoclave process affects the fracture resistance of the nickel–titanium rotary file and might exert some effect on its mechanical properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autoclave sterilization on cyclic fatigue of EdgeTaper Platinum® and ProTaper Gold®. Materials and Methods: Forty new files from EdgeTaper Platinum® and ProTaper Gold® rotary files with a #25 tip size were used in this study. Each system was subdivided into four groups according to the sterilization cycle; Group 1: No sterilization, Group 2: Two cycles of sterilization, Group 3: Five cycles, and Group 4: Ten cycles. Cyclic fatigue was evaluated using an artificial stainless steel canal with 60° of curvature and 5 mm radius of curvature at 37°C. The number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated and compared using Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U-test. The surface of the fractured file was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Results: There were significant differences within the two file brand subgroups regarding the NCF (P > 0.05). ProTaper Gold® also revealed no significant differences in NCF (P > 0.05) related to the sterilization conditions. In addition, EdgeTaper Platinum® showed significantly higher cyclic fatigue resistance than ProTaper Gold® in all groups of this experiment (P < 0.05). The fractured plane showed typical features of cyclic fatigue failure for all instruments. Conclusion: Autoclave sterilization did not affect cyclic fatigue resistance of both EdgeTaper Platinum® and ProTaper Gold® in all groups of the experiment. When compare in each group of this experiment, EdgeTaper Platinum® exhibited higher cyclic fatigue resistance than ProTaper Gold®.
{"title":"Effect of autoclave sterilization on cyclic fatigue of EdgeTaper platinum and ProTaper gold nickel–titanium rotary instruments: An in vitro study","authors":"Panupat Phumpatrakom, Napada Klinsontorn, Tunya Jutrakulkeeree, Varit Thanarojwongsa, A. Klaisiri, Panuroot Aguilar","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_281_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_281_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The heat during autoclave process affects the fracture resistance of the nickel–titanium rotary file and might exert some effect on its mechanical properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autoclave sterilization on cyclic fatigue of EdgeTaper Platinum® and ProTaper Gold®. Materials and Methods: Forty new files from EdgeTaper Platinum® and ProTaper Gold® rotary files with a #25 tip size were used in this study. Each system was subdivided into four groups according to the sterilization cycle; Group 1: No sterilization, Group 2: Two cycles of sterilization, Group 3: Five cycles, and Group 4: Ten cycles. Cyclic fatigue was evaluated using an artificial stainless steel canal with 60° of curvature and 5 mm radius of curvature at 37°C. The number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated and compared using Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U-test. The surface of the fractured file was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Results: There were significant differences within the two file brand subgroups regarding the NCF (P > 0.05). ProTaper Gold® also revealed no significant differences in NCF (P > 0.05) related to the sterilization conditions. In addition, EdgeTaper Platinum® showed significantly higher cyclic fatigue resistance than ProTaper Gold® in all groups of this experiment (P < 0.05). The fractured plane showed typical features of cyclic fatigue failure for all instruments. Conclusion: Autoclave sterilization did not affect cyclic fatigue resistance of both EdgeTaper Platinum® and ProTaper Gold® in all groups of the experiment. When compare in each group of this experiment, EdgeTaper Platinum® exhibited higher cyclic fatigue resistance than ProTaper Gold®.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"114 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82415541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Yunus, R. Meidyawati, A. Margono, A. Prameswhari
Introduction: Removing the secondary smear layer has been presumed to increase the micromechanical retention of fiber posts. The additional use of irrigation techniques is intended to improve the cleanliness of the root canal walls. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of sonic and ultrasonic irrigation techniques on root canal cleanliness after the post space preparation. Materials and Methods: A total of 27 extracted single-rooted premolar samples underwent root canal treatment using gutta-percha and AH Plus that was labeled with rhodamine B. Gutta-percha was removed during the post preparation. The sample was then divided into three groups (n = 9): irrigation with sonic activation, ultrasonic activation, or without activation, respectively. The teeth were subsequently cut in the middle third area of the root, and the remnant of smear layers was observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Cleanliness was expressed as a percentage of the angle that contained part of the red area representing the smear layer. The results were statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test and post hoc Bonferroni test set at 5% significance level. Results: The sonic group had the greatest percentage of root canal wall cleanliness (89.00 ± 2.77), followed by the ultrasonic (78.33 ± 3.09) and nonactivated groups (67.77 ± 3.37). Conversely, there was no significant difference in root canal wall cleanliness between the sonic and ultrasonic groups (P = 0.067) or the ultrasonic and nonactivation groups (P = 0.071). Conclusions: Irrigation with sonic activation improved cleanliness of the root canal dentinal wall after post space preparation.
{"title":"Effect of sonic and ultrasonic irrigation on improving root canal cleanliness after post space preparation: A confocal laser scanning microscopic study","authors":"R. Yunus, R. Meidyawati, A. Margono, A. Prameswhari","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_6_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_6_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Removing the secondary smear layer has been presumed to increase the micromechanical retention of fiber posts. The additional use of irrigation techniques is intended to improve the cleanliness of the root canal walls. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of sonic and ultrasonic irrigation techniques on root canal cleanliness after the post space preparation. Materials and Methods: A total of 27 extracted single-rooted premolar samples underwent root canal treatment using gutta-percha and AH Plus that was labeled with rhodamine B. Gutta-percha was removed during the post preparation. The sample was then divided into three groups (n = 9): irrigation with sonic activation, ultrasonic activation, or without activation, respectively. The teeth were subsequently cut in the middle third area of the root, and the remnant of smear layers was observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Cleanliness was expressed as a percentage of the angle that contained part of the red area representing the smear layer. The results were statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test and post hoc Bonferroni test set at 5% significance level. Results: The sonic group had the greatest percentage of root canal wall cleanliness (89.00 ± 2.77), followed by the ultrasonic (78.33 ± 3.09) and nonactivated groups (67.77 ± 3.37). Conversely, there was no significant difference in root canal wall cleanliness between the sonic and ultrasonic groups (P = 0.067) or the ultrasonic and nonactivation groups (P = 0.071). Conclusions: Irrigation with sonic activation improved cleanliness of the root canal dentinal wall after post space preparation.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"38 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82660136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Almiş, F. Z. Ibn Majdoub Hassani, M. Khimani, N. Maiti, B. Touré
Introduction: The purpose of this survey was to assess the concentration of chlorine in sodium hypochlorite solutions (NaOCl) used as root canal irrigation solutions by the dentists in Marrakech, Morocco. Materials and Methods: A survey was carried out among 74 practitioners registered with the Moroccan Order of Dentists, of whom 36 (48.6%) were men and 38 (51.4%) were women. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Among the questions, participants were asked about the number of treatments performed per week, the type of irrigation solution used, and the storage of the irrigation solution. After this interview, a 30 mL sample of that solution was sent to a laboratory to determine the amount of chlorine by iodometric titration. Jamovi version 1.8.1/ANOVA and the t-test were used to perform the statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results: All the practitioners except two used the NaOCl as an irrigant. Besides, 84.7% prepared their solutions. The solutions were stored 63.8% of the time in opaque containers. The mean percent of chlorine concentration was 0.95% ± 0.68%. The concentration was also higher in the ready-to-use solutions (1.39%) than those prepared in the office (0.87%). Moreover, this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.01). Conclusion: The results confirmed that the NaOCl is the solution that practitioners use mostly. The conditions of dilution and storage are inappropriate, and the concentration is very low at 0.95%.
{"title":"The assessment of chlorine concentrations in sodium hypochlorite solutions used by dental practitioners in Morocco: A survey","authors":"A. Almiş, F. Z. Ibn Majdoub Hassani, M. Khimani, N. Maiti, B. Touré","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_121_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_121_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of this survey was to assess the concentration of chlorine in sodium hypochlorite solutions (NaOCl) used as root canal irrigation solutions by the dentists in Marrakech, Morocco. Materials and Methods: A survey was carried out among 74 practitioners registered with the Moroccan Order of Dentists, of whom 36 (48.6%) were men and 38 (51.4%) were women. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Among the questions, participants were asked about the number of treatments performed per week, the type of irrigation solution used, and the storage of the irrigation solution. After this interview, a 30 mL sample of that solution was sent to a laboratory to determine the amount of chlorine by iodometric titration. Jamovi version 1.8.1/ANOVA and the t-test were used to perform the statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results: All the practitioners except two used the NaOCl as an irrigant. Besides, 84.7% prepared their solutions. The solutions were stored 63.8% of the time in opaque containers. The mean percent of chlorine concentration was 0.95% ± 0.68%. The concentration was also higher in the ready-to-use solutions (1.39%) than those prepared in the office (0.87%). Moreover, this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.01). Conclusion: The results confirmed that the NaOCl is the solution that practitioners use mostly. The conditions of dilution and storage are inappropriate, and the concentration is very low at 0.95%.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"76 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88110012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samah Ismail, D. Fayyad, Mohamed Eldaharawy, D. Mohamed
Introduction: This research aimed to examine and compare the effect of two calcium silicate sealers with AH plus resin sealer on collagen extraction and surface collagen degradation of dog's root dentin, using different irrigants. Materials and Methods: In vitro part; 180 standardized root dentin cylinders obtained from dog's incisors were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 60) according to the final irrigant used; Group A: 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Group B: 2.5% NaOCl, Group C: 0.9% saline. Each group was classified into 4 subgroups (n = 15) according to the type of sealer used for obturation; subgroup 1: BioRoot RCS, subgroup 2: Total Fill BC, subgroup 3: AH Plus sealer, and subgroup 4: Unfilled (control). After preparation, irrigation, obturation, and aging in a storage medium; hydroxyproline (HYP) released in the medium was determined after 1 day, 1 and 3 months using spectrophotometer. In vivo part, sixty incisors of five dogs were randomly allocated as in the vitro part into three groups and four subgroups in accordance to the type of irrigation and sealer used. After 3 months of preparation, irrigation, and obturation, dogs were euthanized and teeth were extracted for the assessment of surface collagen degradation using scanning electron microscope. HYP released was analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and post hoc of Bonferroni. Surface collagen degradation was analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn's test. Results: BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC showed a significant higher (P < 0.001) HYP release and surface collagen degradation than AH plus sealer and control with all irrigants. Conclusions: Calcium silicate sealers significantly affected the collagen microstructure of dentin surface. AH Plus resin sealer has no effect on collagen dissolution or microstructure.
前言:本研究旨在研究和比较两种硅酸钙封口剂和AH +树脂封口剂在不同灌洗剂下对犬根本质胶原提取和表面胶原降解的影响。材料与方法:体外部分;根据最终使用的冲洗剂，将180根标准化牙根质柱随机分为3组(n = 60);A组:17%乙二胺四乙酸，B组:2.5%萘乙酸，C组:0.9%生理盐水。每组按封堵剂类型分为4个亚组(n = 15);子组1:BioRoot RCS，子组2:Total Fill BC，子组3:AH Plus sealer，子组4:unfill(对照)。在制备、冲洗、封闭和在储存介质中陈化后;分别于1天、1个月和3个月后用分光光度计测定培养基中羟脯氨酸(HYP)的释放量。在体部分，将5只犬的60个门牙按灌封方式随机分为3组和4个亚组。3个月的准备、冲洗和封闭后，狗被安乐死，拔牙，在扫描电镜下评估表面胶原降解。采用重复测量方差分析和事后Bonferroni法分析HYP释放量。采用Kruskal-Wallis试验和Dunn试验分析表面胶原蛋白降解情况。结果:BioRoot RCS和TotalFill BC在HYP释放和表面胶原降解方面均显著高于AH + sealer和对照组(P < 0.001)。结论:硅酸钙封口剂对牙本质表面胶原结构有明显影响。AH +树脂封口剂对胶原蛋白溶解和微观结构没有影响。
{"title":"Effect of two calcium-silicate sealers and a resin sealer on collagen matrix integrity of root dentin after different treatments. An in vitro and in vivo study","authors":"Samah Ismail, D. Fayyad, Mohamed Eldaharawy, D. Mohamed","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_57_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_57_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This research aimed to examine and compare the effect of two calcium silicate sealers with AH plus resin sealer on collagen extraction and surface collagen degradation of dog's root dentin, using different irrigants. Materials and Methods: In vitro part; 180 standardized root dentin cylinders obtained from dog's incisors were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 60) according to the final irrigant used; Group A: 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Group B: 2.5% NaOCl, Group C: 0.9% saline. Each group was classified into 4 subgroups (n = 15) according to the type of sealer used for obturation; subgroup 1: BioRoot RCS, subgroup 2: Total Fill BC, subgroup 3: AH Plus sealer, and subgroup 4: Unfilled (control). After preparation, irrigation, obturation, and aging in a storage medium; hydroxyproline (HYP) released in the medium was determined after 1 day, 1 and 3 months using spectrophotometer. In vivo part, sixty incisors of five dogs were randomly allocated as in the vitro part into three groups and four subgroups in accordance to the type of irrigation and sealer used. After 3 months of preparation, irrigation, and obturation, dogs were euthanized and teeth were extracted for the assessment of surface collagen degradation using scanning electron microscope. HYP released was analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and post hoc of Bonferroni. Surface collagen degradation was analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn's test. Results: BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC showed a significant higher (P < 0.001) HYP release and surface collagen degradation than AH plus sealer and control with all irrigants. Conclusions: Calcium silicate sealers significantly affected the collagen microstructure of dentin surface. AH Plus resin sealer has no effect on collagen dissolution or microstructure.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"67 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86047894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: This work studied the synergistic effect of chitosan and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on mechanically exposed dental pulp following pulp capping in dogs' teeth. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities were prepared in 60 teeth of 3 mongrel dogs. These cavities were prepared approximately 1 mm coronal to the gingival margin by using a round carbide bur #2 with water cooling. These teeth were divided according to the pulp capping material into 2 groups (30 teeth each); Group I: MTA and Group II: a combination of MTA and chitosan compound. The cavities were restored by self-curing glass ionomer cement, followed by varnish application to provide the suitable conditions for pulpal repair. Both groups were further subdivided according to the evaluation period into 3 subgroups (10 teeth each); subgroup A: 7 days, subgroup B: 21 days, and subgroup C: 60 days. Histological evaluation of dentin bridge formation was performed after pulp capping in all subgroups. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney U-tests. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between both groups at all evaluation times (P > 0.05). The combination of MTA and chitosan did not improve the quality of dentin bridge produced by the MTA alone. Conclusion: Mixing of chitosan and MTA as a direct pulp capping material has no synergistic odontogenic effect in dog's teeth.
{"title":"Histological evaluation of the synergistic effect of chitosan and mineral trioxide aggregate on mechanically exposed dental pulp following pulp capping in dogs' teeth","authors":"Ramy Emara, A. Abu-Seida, S. E. El Ashry","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_294_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_294_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This work studied the synergistic effect of chitosan and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on mechanically exposed dental pulp following pulp capping in dogs' teeth. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities were prepared in 60 teeth of 3 mongrel dogs. These cavities were prepared approximately 1 mm coronal to the gingival margin by using a round carbide bur #2 with water cooling. These teeth were divided according to the pulp capping material into 2 groups (30 teeth each); Group I: MTA and Group II: a combination of MTA and chitosan compound. The cavities were restored by self-curing glass ionomer cement, followed by varnish application to provide the suitable conditions for pulpal repair. Both groups were further subdivided according to the evaluation period into 3 subgroups (10 teeth each); subgroup A: 7 days, subgroup B: 21 days, and subgroup C: 60 days. Histological evaluation of dentin bridge formation was performed after pulp capping in all subgroups. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney U-tests. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between both groups at all evaluation times (P > 0.05). The combination of MTA and chitosan did not improve the quality of dentin bridge produced by the MTA alone. Conclusion: Mixing of chitosan and MTA as a direct pulp capping material has no synergistic odontogenic effect in dog's teeth.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"86 1","pages":"25 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89620117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuttida Tungsuksomboon, S. Sutimuntanakul, D. Banomyong
Introduction: Calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) with calcium chloride (CaCl2) accelerator sets faster than the cement without accelerator. For endodontic microsurgery, CSC with the accelerator tends to be less soluble in tissue fluid that may improve clinical outcome. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of endodontic microsurgery by retrofilling with CSC containing accelerator (Bio-MA) compared to the original CSC (ProRoot® mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA]). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight teeth required surgical root canal retreatment was included according to the eligible criteria. Endodontic microsurgery with standardized protocol was performed under the dental operating microscope. Bio-MA or ProRoot® MTA was randomly selected for retrofilling. At recall visit, treatment outcomes were evaluated as “healed,” “healing” or “diseased,” based on clinical and radiographic assessments. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used in the statistical analysis of the outcome. Results: Seven teeth were excluded because of vertical root fracture detected in surgery (n = 5) and inadequate retrofilling depth (n = 2). Two cases were lost to follow-up. For thirty-nine teeth with 14.9 ± 5.2 months recall, “healed” rates were 85% in Bio-MA and 84.2% in ProRoot® MTA, and “healing” rates was 15% in Bio-MA and 15.8% in ProRoot® MTA. None of “disease” was observed. No significant difference in the clinical outcome was observed between groups of Bio-MA and ProRoot® MTA (P = 1.00). Conclusions: The endodontic microsurgery outcome of Bio-MA containing CaCl2 accelerator was similar to that of ProRoot® MTA without accelerator.
{"title":"Outcomes of endodontic microsurgery with retrofilling of calcium silicate cements with or without calcium chloride accelerator: A randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Nuttida Tungsuksomboon, S. Sutimuntanakul, D. Banomyong","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_152_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_152_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) with calcium chloride (CaCl2) accelerator sets faster than the cement without accelerator. For endodontic microsurgery, CSC with the accelerator tends to be less soluble in tissue fluid that may improve clinical outcome. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of endodontic microsurgery by retrofilling with CSC containing accelerator (Bio-MA) compared to the original CSC (ProRoot® mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA]). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight teeth required surgical root canal retreatment was included according to the eligible criteria. Endodontic microsurgery with standardized protocol was performed under the dental operating microscope. Bio-MA or ProRoot® MTA was randomly selected for retrofilling. At recall visit, treatment outcomes were evaluated as “healed,” “healing” or “diseased,” based on clinical and radiographic assessments. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used in the statistical analysis of the outcome. Results: Seven teeth were excluded because of vertical root fracture detected in surgery (n = 5) and inadequate retrofilling depth (n = 2). Two cases were lost to follow-up. For thirty-nine teeth with 14.9 ± 5.2 months recall, “healed” rates were 85% in Bio-MA and 84.2% in ProRoot® MTA, and “healing” rates was 15% in Bio-MA and 15.8% in ProRoot® MTA. None of “disease” was observed. No significant difference in the clinical outcome was observed between groups of Bio-MA and ProRoot® MTA (P = 1.00). Conclusions: The endodontic microsurgery outcome of Bio-MA containing CaCl2 accelerator was similar to that of ProRoot® MTA without accelerator.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"31 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80900394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Sharifi, Ehsan Heidarzadi, Ehsan Azizi, A. Khademi, S. Khazaei, P. Iranmanesh
Introduction: Endodontic instrument separation is one of the iatrogenic errors which may affect the outcome of treatment. The present in vitro study was aimed to investigate the effect of different cross-sectional designs of separated nickel–titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary files on apical microleakage. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 mandibular premolar roots were selected. The samples were randomly assigned to four experimental groups including Mtwo (n = 10), HERO Shaper (n = 10), RaCe (n = 10), and FlexMaster (n = 10) as well as positive (n = 4) and negative (n = 4) control groups. Ni-Ti rotary instruments with the same size and taper (0.06, #30) were separated in the apical region after complete cleaning and shaping, and the remaining root canal was obturated with gutta-percha and AH-26 sealer. The bacterial microleakage of each group was assessed through Enterococcus faecalis for 60 days. Survival analysis was done by SPSS 22. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the studied groups in terms of the time of microleakage (P = 0.955). Conclusion: The separated Ni-Ti rotary instruments with different cross-sectional designs had no impact on apical microleakage.
{"title":"Effect of different separated nickel–titanium rotary instruments on apical microleakage: An in vitro study","authors":"R. Sharifi, Ehsan Heidarzadi, Ehsan Azizi, A. Khademi, S. Khazaei, P. Iranmanesh","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_42_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_42_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Endodontic instrument separation is one of the iatrogenic errors which may affect the outcome of treatment. The present in vitro study was aimed to investigate the effect of different cross-sectional designs of separated nickel–titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary files on apical microleakage. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 mandibular premolar roots were selected. The samples were randomly assigned to four experimental groups including Mtwo (n = 10), HERO Shaper (n = 10), RaCe (n = 10), and FlexMaster (n = 10) as well as positive (n = 4) and negative (n = 4) control groups. Ni-Ti rotary instruments with the same size and taper (0.06, #30) were separated in the apical region after complete cleaning and shaping, and the remaining root canal was obturated with gutta-percha and AH-26 sealer. The bacterial microleakage of each group was assessed through Enterococcus faecalis for 60 days. Survival analysis was done by SPSS 22. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the studied groups in terms of the time of microleakage (P = 0.955). Conclusion: The separated Ni-Ti rotary instruments with different cross-sectional designs had no impact on apical microleakage.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"61 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89349037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Al-Zaka, Jamal Abu Al-Timan, M. Mutar, A. Sleibi, M. Findakly, A. Naji
Introduction: Re-establishing the health of the periapical tissues is considered to be the main objective of nonsurgical root canal retreatment in cases with posttreatment disease. Removal of filling material from the canal space is the most difficult and challenging step during retreatment, regardless of the technique/instrument used. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of nickel–titanium reciprocating instruments in the removal of root canal filling material in comparison with continuous rotary shaping and retreatment instruments. Materials and Methods: Four electronic databases were used (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) as information sources. Articles describing in vitro studies carried out on extracted human teeth were included in this systematic review, while narrative, systematic review, in vivo studies, animal studies, studies published in languages other than English, and studies that used methods other than micro-computed tomography to detect root filling material were excluded from this systematic review. The studies were assessed for eligibility according to inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers; the opinion of the third reviewer was requested when one of the reviewers did not accept the study to be included. Results: Forty-one studies of 560 titles and abstracts screened were selected for full-text analysis; 26 studies were excluded, and 15 studies were included in this systematic review. Eleven studies (73%) showed a nonsignificant difference between reciprocating and rotary instruments. Conclusions: The collected studies showed no effect of motion (either reciprocation or full rotary motion) on the remnant of root canal filling materials.
重新建立根尖周组织的健康被认为是治疗后疾病的非手术根管再治疗的主要目的。无论使用何种技术/器械，从根管间隙中清除填充材料是再治疗过程中最困难和最具挑战性的步骤。本研究的目的是确定镍钛往复器械在根管填充物去除方面的有效性，并与连续旋转成形和再处理器械进行比较。材料和方法:四个电子数据库(PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect和Scopus)作为信息来源。本系统综述纳入了对人类拔牙进行体外研究的文章，而叙述性、系统综述、体内研究、动物研究、以非英语语言发表的研究以及使用显微计算机断层扫描以外的方法检测牙根填充物的研究被排除在本系统综述之外。根据纳入标准，由两名独立审稿人评估研究的合格性;当其中一名审稿人不接受纳入研究时，请第三位审稿人发表意见。结果:筛选到的560篇题目和摘要共41篇进行全文分析;本系统综述排除了26项研究，纳入了15项研究。11项研究(73%)显示往复和旋转器械之间无显著差异。结论:收集到的研究显示运动(无论是往复运动还是全旋转运动)对根管填充材料的残余没有影响。
{"title":"The effectiveness of reciprocating instruments in the removal of root filling materials: A systematic review","authors":"I. Al-Zaka, Jamal Abu Al-Timan, M. Mutar, A. Sleibi, M. Findakly, A. Naji","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_151_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_151_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Re-establishing the health of the periapical tissues is considered to be the main objective of nonsurgical root canal retreatment in cases with posttreatment disease. Removal of filling material from the canal space is the most difficult and challenging step during retreatment, regardless of the technique/instrument used. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of nickel–titanium reciprocating instruments in the removal of root canal filling material in comparison with continuous rotary shaping and retreatment instruments. Materials and Methods: Four electronic databases were used (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) as information sources. Articles describing in vitro studies carried out on extracted human teeth were included in this systematic review, while narrative, systematic review, in vivo studies, animal studies, studies published in languages other than English, and studies that used methods other than micro-computed tomography to detect root filling material were excluded from this systematic review. The studies were assessed for eligibility according to inclusion criteria by two independent reviewers; the opinion of the third reviewer was requested when one of the reviewers did not accept the study to be included. Results: Forty-one studies of 560 titles and abstracts screened were selected for full-text analysis; 26 studies were excluded, and 15 studies were included in this systematic review. Eleven studies (73%) showed a nonsignificant difference between reciprocating and rotary instruments. Conclusions: The collected studies showed no effect of motion (either reciprocation or full rotary motion) on the remnant of root canal filling materials.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"9 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90457375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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