Root canal calcification mainly occurs after physiologic dentin deposition throughout the aging process in elderlies or after traumatic injuries in young people, which can make endodontic treatment a challenge. The aim of this case report is to illustrate the successful endodontic treatment of severely calcified mandibular anterior teeth with the aid of “guided endodontics.” A 63-year-old Persian male patient was referred from the prosthetics department for root canal treatment of all six mandibular anterior teeth before his full-mouth reconstruction. Clinical examination showed severe attrition in all mandibular teeth with only the canines responding to sensitivity tests within the normal ranges. No tenderness to percussion and palpation or visible pocket depth was observed. Preoperative radiographs showed normal periodontal ligament spaces with no visible root canals within incisors, while the canines had moderately recessed pulpal spaces. A diagnosis of normal pulpoperiapical status was made. After precise clinical and radiographic examination, obtaining cone-beam computed tomographic images and digital intraoral scans, root canal treatments of the target teeth were performed using a custom-made three-dimensional model. A 4-month follow-up showed asymptomatic teeth, confirming that the endodontic guide is a useful tool to manage these cases safely. Previous case reports concerning “static guided endodontics” were also reviewed to identify the research gaps and the current limitations and benefits of the method.
{"title":"Endodontic management of severely calcified mandibular anterior teeth using guided endodontics: A report of a case and a review of the literature","authors":"Mina Davaji, S. Karimpour","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_170_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_170_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Root canal calcification mainly occurs after physiologic dentin deposition throughout the aging process in elderlies or after traumatic injuries in young people, which can make endodontic treatment a challenge. The aim of this case report is to illustrate the successful endodontic treatment of severely calcified mandibular anterior teeth with the aid of “guided endodontics.” A 63-year-old Persian male patient was referred from the prosthetics department for root canal treatment of all six mandibular anterior teeth before his full-mouth reconstruction. Clinical examination showed severe attrition in all mandibular teeth with only the canines responding to sensitivity tests within the normal ranges. No tenderness to percussion and palpation or visible pocket depth was observed. Preoperative radiographs showed normal periodontal ligament spaces with no visible root canals within incisors, while the canines had moderately recessed pulpal spaces. A diagnosis of normal pulpoperiapical status was made. After precise clinical and radiographic examination, obtaining cone-beam computed tomographic images and digital intraoral scans, root canal treatments of the target teeth were performed using a custom-made three-dimensional model. A 4-month follow-up showed asymptomatic teeth, confirming that the endodontic guide is a useful tool to manage these cases safely. Previous case reports concerning “static guided endodontics” were also reviewed to identify the research gaps and the current limitations and benefits of the method.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141034218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Irrigating or irritating – A letter to the editor","authors":"K. Teja","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_219_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_219_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"2019 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141026718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the rapidly evolving landscape of health care, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to enhance diagnostic accuracy across various medical disciplines. Within the realm of dentistry, one critical area of focus is endodontics, which involves the diagnosis and treatment of dental pulp diseases. This systematic review investigates the diagnostic precision of AI in contrast to dental experts when predicting endodontic outcomes. The review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The review was registered on the Open Science Framework database. A systematic search was performed of the literature on the application of AI versus dental experts in endodontics. The search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and OVID until December 2022. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. The initial search retrieved 972 records, of which eight articles were included in the study. The studies reported application of AI for working length determination, periapical lesions, pulp and tooth segmentation, apical periodontitis, vertical root fracture, and C-shaped canals. QUADAS-2 tool revealed a low risk of bias in five out of the eight included studies. AI models demonstrated a notable increase in accuracy and effectiveness in endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. These results suggest that the integration of AI technology in endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning has immense potential to serve as a promising aid.
{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence versus dental experts in predicting endodontic outcomes: A systematic review","authors":"S. Choudhari, Sindhu Ramesh, Tanvi Shah, K. Teja","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_171_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_171_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In the rapidly evolving landscape of health care, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to enhance diagnostic accuracy across various medical disciplines. Within the realm of dentistry, one critical area of focus is endodontics, which involves the diagnosis and treatment of dental pulp diseases. This systematic review investigates the diagnostic precision of AI in contrast to dental experts when predicting endodontic outcomes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The review was registered on the Open Science Framework database. A systematic search was performed of the literature on the application of AI versus dental experts in endodontics. The search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and OVID until December 2022. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The initial search retrieved 972 records, of which eight articles were included in the study. The studies reported application of AI for working length determination, periapical lesions, pulp and tooth segmentation, apical periodontitis, vertical root fracture, and C-shaped canals. QUADAS-2 tool revealed a low risk of bias in five out of the eight included studies.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 AI models demonstrated a notable increase in accuracy and effectiveness in endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. These results suggest that the integration of AI technology in endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning has immense potential to serve as a promising aid.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"23 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141054801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immature teeth are more susceptible to fracture, and intracanal medicaments and coronal filling materials used in regenerative endodontics affect their optic and mechanical properties. This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance and coronal discoloration of simulated immature teeth following the placement of several intracanal medicaments and coronal sealing materials. Eighty-eight premolars simulating immature teeth were divided into 11 groups (n = 8 each) according to the type of intracanal medicament (triple antibiotic paste [TAP]; double antibiotic pastes [DAP]; calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]) and used coronal barrier materials (mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] and calcium-enriched mixture [CEM]). A bonding agent was applied in half of the samples in the groups where antibiotic pastes were used (n = 8). After incubating for 3 weeks, the sample’s fracture resistance and color change were evaluated. Data analysis was conducted using multivariate and one-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc, and the Kruskal–Wallis tests (α =0.05). The color change after placing the medicaments was comparable among the groups. However, after 3 months, the color change in the TAP-CEM-No-Bonding group was higher than the control, Ca(OH)2-MTA, and DAP-MTA-No-Bonding groups (P < 0.05). The fracture resistance of the TAP-MTA-Bonding, DAP-CEM-Bonding, Ca(OH)2-MTA, and Ca(OH)2-CEM was lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Simultaneous use of DAP-MTA without a dentin bonding agent led to comparable color change and fracture resistance to the control group.
{"title":"Intracanal medicaments and coronal sealing materials influence on root fracture resistance and coronal discoloration: An in vitro study","authors":"Rasoul Sahebalam, Marzie Boskabady, Maryam Naghavi, Samira Dehghanitafti","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_201_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_201_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Immature teeth are more susceptible to fracture, and intracanal medicaments and coronal filling materials used in regenerative endodontics affect their optic and mechanical properties. This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance and coronal discoloration of simulated immature teeth following the placement of several intracanal medicaments and coronal sealing materials.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Eighty-eight premolars simulating immature teeth were divided into 11 groups (n = 8 each) according to the type of intracanal medicament (triple antibiotic paste [TAP]; double antibiotic pastes [DAP]; calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]) and used coronal barrier materials (mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] and calcium-enriched mixture [CEM]). A bonding agent was applied in half of the samples in the groups where antibiotic pastes were used (n = 8). After incubating for 3 weeks, the sample’s fracture resistance and color change were evaluated. Data analysis was conducted using multivariate and one-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc, and the Kruskal–Wallis tests (α =0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The color change after placing the medicaments was comparable among the groups. However, after 3 months, the color change in the TAP-CEM-No-Bonding group was higher than the control, Ca(OH)2-MTA, and DAP-MTA-No-Bonding groups (P < 0.05). The fracture resistance of the TAP-MTA-Bonding, DAP-CEM-Bonding, Ca(OH)2-MTA, and Ca(OH)2-CEM was lower than the control group (P < 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Simultaneous use of DAP-MTA without a dentin bonding agent led to comparable color change and fracture resistance to the control group.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"23 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141038357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abeer K. Al-Nefaie, Farah H. Al-Beiruty, Mohammed Othman Bakkar
Root canal treatment (RCT) is a common dental procedure performed by general dentists and endodontists. It is prone to complications, such as the wrong tooth treatment. The objective is to study the prevalence of wrong tooth RCT (WTRCT) among dental health-care practitioners in Saudi Arabia in addition to the causative factors leading to the treatment of the wrong tooth. A cross-sectional study was conducted among dentists (n = 393) in Saudi Arabia between May and November 2022. Respondent characteristics, WTRCT incident details, and procedures followed before RCT were collected from the survey. Minitab was used for the data analysis. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, and t-test were used. A P < 0.05 was set for statistical significance. The number of respondent dentists was 390. The prevalence of dentists performing WTRCT accounted for 6.9% (n = 27). Misdiagnosis 14.67% was the leading cause of WTRCT, followed by the simultaneous placement of a rubber dam with a clamp and miscommunication 13.33%. WTRCT is more likely to occur in dentists who have more than 10 years of clinical experience since graduation (P = 0.004). Endodontists were about six times more likely to have this error occur (P = 0.001). The prevalence of WTRCT among dentists in Saudi Arabia is 6.9%, with the majority being general dentists and endodontists. Posterior teeth are found to be the most involved site. It is important to spread awareness among dentists about WTRCT and to be more cautious while performing treatment on multirooted teeth.
{"title":"The prevalence and causes of wrong tooth root canal treatment in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey","authors":"Abeer K. Al-Nefaie, Farah H. Al-Beiruty, Mohammed Othman Bakkar","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_173_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_173_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Root canal treatment (RCT) is a common dental procedure performed by general dentists and endodontists. It is prone to complications, such as the wrong tooth treatment. The objective is to study the prevalence of wrong tooth RCT (WTRCT) among dental health-care practitioners in Saudi Arabia in addition to the causative factors leading to the treatment of the wrong tooth.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study was conducted among dentists (n = 393) in Saudi Arabia between May and November 2022. Respondent characteristics, WTRCT incident details, and procedures followed before RCT were collected from the survey. Minitab was used for the data analysis. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, and t-test were used. A P < 0.05 was set for statistical significance.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The number of respondent dentists was 390. The prevalence of dentists performing WTRCT accounted for 6.9% (n = 27). Misdiagnosis 14.67% was the leading cause of WTRCT, followed by the simultaneous placement of a rubber dam with a clamp and miscommunication 13.33%. WTRCT is more likely to occur in dentists who have more than 10 years of clinical experience since graduation (P = 0.004). Endodontists were about six times more likely to have this error occur (P = 0.001).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The prevalence of WTRCT among dentists in Saudi Arabia is 6.9%, with the majority being general dentists and endodontists. Posterior teeth are found to be the most involved site. It is important to spread awareness among dentists about WTRCT and to be more cautious while performing treatment on multirooted teeth.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"99 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141029408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Aldandan, Mohamed H El-Kenawy, Abdullah A. Al-Sharif, Eman T. Hamam, A. Badr
The role of Acetyl -11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) in regulating osteoblast differentiation was recently brought to light. Therefore, the current study was designed to explore the osteogenic differentiation capability of AKBA on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) as a potential therapeutic agent to accelerate the healing process in apicoectomy. BMMSCs were characterized by flow cytometry. Cellular viability and proliferation assays were used with different concentrations of AKBA. Cells were divided into 5 groups to test osteogenic differentiation: Group I: negative control, Group II: positive control, Group III: BMMSCs were treated with 1 μM AKBA, Group IV: BMMSCs were treated with 0.1 μM AKBA, and Group V: BMMSCs were treated with 0.01 μM AKBA. Mineralization assays and gene expression analysis were assessed, and the significance difference between groups was established at P < 0.05. The flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that BMMSCs had positive expression for mesenchymal stem cell marker and negative expression for hematopoietic markers. The concentration of 0.01 μM gave significantly higher cell density than the untreated cells after 7 days (P < 0.05). Cells treated with 0.1 and 0.01 μM AKBA revealed a significantly higher ALP activity, alizarin red, and von Kossa staining than control groups (P < 0.05). High expression of osteogenic genes was detected in BMMSCs treated with 0.1 μM AKBA (P < 0.05). It was declared that the concentration of 0.1 μM AKBA has no toxicity on BMMSC viability and proliferation with an impact on BMMSC osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, AKBA (0.01 μM) could be used in bone regeneration during periradicular surgery.
{"title":"Boswellic acid as a potential adjunct for bone healing after endodontic surgery: In vitro study","authors":"A. A. Aldandan, Mohamed H El-Kenawy, Abdullah A. Al-Sharif, Eman T. Hamam, A. Badr","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_34_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_34_24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The role of Acetyl -11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) in regulating osteoblast differentiation was recently brought to light. Therefore, the current study was designed to explore the osteogenic differentiation capability of AKBA on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) as a potential therapeutic agent to accelerate the healing process in apicoectomy.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 BMMSCs were characterized by flow cytometry. Cellular viability and proliferation assays were used with different concentrations of AKBA. Cells were divided into 5 groups to test osteogenic differentiation: Group I: negative control, Group II: positive control, Group III: BMMSCs were treated with 1 μM AKBA, Group IV: BMMSCs were treated with 0.1 μM AKBA, and Group V: BMMSCs were treated with 0.01 μM AKBA. Mineralization assays and gene expression analysis were assessed, and the significance difference between groups was established at P < 0.05.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that BMMSCs had positive expression for mesenchymal stem cell marker and negative expression for hematopoietic markers. The concentration of 0.01 μM gave significantly higher cell density than the untreated cells after 7 days (P < 0.05). Cells treated with 0.1 and 0.01 μM AKBA revealed a significantly higher ALP activity, alizarin red, and von Kossa staining than control groups (P < 0.05). High expression of osteogenic genes was detected in BMMSCs treated with 0.1 μM AKBA (P < 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 It was declared that the concentration of 0.1 μM AKBA has no toxicity on BMMSC viability and proliferation with an impact on BMMSC osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, AKBA (0.01 μM) could be used in bone regeneration during periradicular surgery.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141031128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chitosan nanoparticles (CSN) are widely used for endodontic disinfection; however, their combination with other intracanal medicaments is least studied; therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of various intracanal medicaments incorporated with 0.2% CSN on root dentin microhardness and fracture resistance. Fifty extracted human single-rooted premolars were cleaned, decoronated, and standardized to 13 mm root length. After access opening and working length determination, specimens were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files till apical size F3 and alternatively irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and normal saline (NS). Final irrigation was done with 5 ml of 1% phytic acid. The specimens were allocated randomly into five groups (n = 10), followed by placement of intracanal medicament for 1 week as follows. Group 1 – 0.2% CSN, Group 2 – Calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH] 2) + 0.2% CSN, Group 3 – Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) + 0.2% CSN, Group 4 – Propolis + 0.2% CSN, and Group 5 – Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) + 0.2% CSN. The specimens were then rinsed with NS and 3 mm coronal portion of each specimen was horizontally sectioned to create dentin blocks that were further split vertically and tested for Vickers microhardness (n = 10). The remaining root segment of each specimen was then vertically embedded in an acrylic block and evaluated for fracture resistance (n = 10) under a universal testing machine. The data acquired were statistically assessed using one-way ANOVA and posthoc Tukey tests (P < 0.05). Propolis incorporated with 0.2% CSN showed the highest microhardness and fracture resistance values followed by CHX + 0.2% CSN, TAP + 0.2% CSN, Ca(OH)2 + 0.2% CSN, and least in 0.2% CSN alone. Intracanal medicaments incorporated with 0.2% CSN exhibited a synergetic effect on microhardness and fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth; however, propolis with 0.2% CSN exhibited higher microhardness and fracture resistance of root dentin.
{"title":"Effect of different intracanal medicaments combined with chitosan nanoparticles on microhardness and fracture resistance of root dentin – An in vitro study","authors":"Rahul S Halkai, Kiran R Halkai, S. Mahveen","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_230_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_230_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Chitosan nanoparticles (CSN) are widely used for endodontic disinfection; however, their combination with other intracanal medicaments is least studied; therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of various intracanal medicaments incorporated with 0.2% CSN on root dentin microhardness and fracture resistance.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Fifty extracted human single-rooted premolars were cleaned, decoronated, and standardized to 13 mm root length. After access opening and working length determination, specimens were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files till apical size F3 and alternatively irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and normal saline (NS). Final irrigation was done with 5 ml of 1% phytic acid. The specimens were allocated randomly into five groups (n = 10), followed by placement of intracanal medicament for 1 week as follows. Group 1 – 0.2% CSN, Group 2 – Calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH] 2) + 0.2% CSN, Group 3 – Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) + 0.2% CSN, Group 4 – Propolis + 0.2% CSN, and Group 5 – Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) + 0.2% CSN. The specimens were then rinsed with NS and 3 mm coronal portion of each specimen was horizontally sectioned to create dentin blocks that were further split vertically and tested for Vickers microhardness (n = 10). The remaining root segment of each specimen was then vertically embedded in an acrylic block and evaluated for fracture resistance (n = 10) under a universal testing machine. The data acquired were statistically assessed using one-way ANOVA and posthoc Tukey tests (P < 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Propolis incorporated with 0.2% CSN showed the highest microhardness and fracture resistance values followed by CHX + 0.2% CSN, TAP + 0.2% CSN, Ca(OH)2 + 0.2% CSN, and least in 0.2% CSN alone.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Intracanal medicaments incorporated with 0.2% CSN exhibited a synergetic effect on microhardness and fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth; however, propolis with 0.2% CSN exhibited higher microhardness and fracture resistance of root dentin.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"120 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141033671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely introduced to dentistry in the past decade. Its application in endodontics is limited to different areas such as working length determination, morphological assessment, detection of vertical root fracture, and the detection of periapical lesion. Therefore, this study aims to highlight the available evidence for the uses of AI in endodontics. It also presents the current status as well as the future perspectives on the uses of AI and its potential application in everyday practice. A literature search was conducted from January 2000 to January 2023 using PubMed and Google Scholar for the terms AI and endodontics. Thirty-one studies were evaluated and summarized, highlighting the potential use of different AI models in endodontics. The evaluation of the studies indicated that the use of AI is promising and could aid in tailored endodontics therapy. It would help the clinician in the detection of periapical radiolucency, root fractures, and determination of working length. However, well-designed, high-quality research is required to assess the possible implementation of AI into day-to-day practice in endodontics.
{"title":"A narrative review on the current uses of artificial intelligence in endodontics","authors":"Abdulaziz A. Bakhsh","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_199_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_199_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely introduced to dentistry in the past decade. Its application in endodontics is limited to different areas such as working length determination, morphological assessment, detection of vertical root fracture, and the detection of periapical lesion. Therefore, this study aims to highlight the available evidence for the uses of AI in endodontics. It also presents the current status as well as the future perspectives on the uses of AI and its potential application in everyday practice. A literature search was conducted from January 2000 to January 2023 using PubMed and Google Scholar for the terms AI and endodontics. Thirty-one studies were evaluated and summarized, highlighting the potential use of different AI models in endodontics. The evaluation of the studies indicated that the use of AI is promising and could aid in tailored endodontics therapy. It would help the clinician in the detection of periapical radiolucency, root fractures, and determination of working length. However, well-designed, high-quality research is required to assess the possible implementation of AI into day-to-day practice in endodontics.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"2 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141042621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juhi I. Dholani, Shraddha Chokshi, Zarana Sanghvi, Sidharth Santhosh Menon
Stepwise caries excavation, being conceptualized for quite a time now, aims at phasic and thoughtful excavation of the diseased tissue, with a simultaneous attention to the fundamental principles of restorative dentistry. It has gained a humongous momentum conventionally, as the clinicians have eagle-eyed minimally invasive approaches for every possible treatment modality. The attempted case series showcases six cases of deep carious lesion managed by two-step caries excavation protocol in healthy patients diagnosed with chronic symptomatic reversible pulpitis, conclusively holding the longest favorable follow-up of over 3 years. This technique has a paramount clinical potential, conditional on appropriateness of case selection and clinical technique.
{"title":"Stepwise caries intervention: An approach precursive to endodontic intervention – A case series","authors":"Juhi I. Dholani, Shraddha Chokshi, Zarana Sanghvi, Sidharth Santhosh Menon","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_141_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_141_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Stepwise caries excavation, being conceptualized for quite a time now, aims at phasic and thoughtful excavation of the diseased tissue, with a simultaneous attention to the fundamental principles of restorative dentistry. It has gained a humongous momentum conventionally, as the clinicians have eagle-eyed minimally invasive approaches for every possible treatment modality. The attempted case series showcases six cases of deep carious lesion managed by two-step caries excavation protocol in healthy patients diagnosed with chronic symptomatic reversible pulpitis, conclusively holding the longest favorable follow-up of over 3 years. This technique has a paramount clinical potential, conditional on appropriateness of case selection and clinical technique.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141023187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Odena Essam Ayad, Mohammed Abou El Seoud, Engy M. Kataia
Nickel–titanium instruments annually undergo improvements to enhance the cyclic fatigue lifespan, especially with challenging canals. This study examines RACE EVO instrument in an S-shaped double-curvature canal in different angles of insertion 0°, 20°, and 40° to investigate the behavior of the heat-treated instruments in challenging canals. A total of 30 instruments were assigned to three groups (Group 0°, Group 20°, and Group 40°). RACE EVO instruments were tested in artificial canals. The canals had two curvatures: an apical one which its parameters are 70° angle and 2 mm radius and a coronal one which its parameters are 60° angle and 5 mm radius. The test was done using a cyclic fatigue apparatus. A statistical study was done by one-way analysis of variance groups, and Tukey’s honestly significant difference/Tukey–Kramer with a level of significance (α) was adjusted to 0.05. The time until failure was reduced by the increase in the angle of insertion; however, Group 20° and Group 40° were not significantly different. All the instruments were broken apically. The scanning electron microscopic analysis showed typical characteristics of cyclic fatigue failure. Increasing the inclination during the insertion reduced the resistance of the RACE EVO instruments to cyclic fatigue failure despite the surface heat treatment of the instrument.
{"title":"Dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of RACE EVO in S-shaped canal with different angles of access: An in vitro study","authors":"Odena Essam Ayad, Mohammed Abou El Seoud, Engy M. Kataia","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_228_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_228_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Nickel–titanium instruments annually undergo improvements to enhance the cyclic fatigue lifespan, especially with challenging canals. This study examines RACE EVO instrument in an S-shaped double-curvature canal in different angles of insertion 0°, 20°, and 40° to investigate the behavior of the heat-treated instruments in challenging canals.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 30 instruments were assigned to three groups (Group 0°, Group 20°, and Group 40°). RACE EVO instruments were tested in artificial canals. The canals had two curvatures: an apical one which its parameters are 70° angle and 2 mm radius and a coronal one which its parameters are 60° angle and 5 mm radius. The test was done using a cyclic fatigue apparatus. A statistical study was done by one-way analysis of variance groups, and Tukey’s honestly significant difference/Tukey–Kramer with a level of significance (α) was adjusted to 0.05.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The time until failure was reduced by the increase in the angle of insertion; however, Group 20° and Group 40° were not significantly different. All the instruments were broken apically. The scanning electron microscopic analysis showed typical characteristics of cyclic fatigue failure.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Increasing the inclination during the insertion reduced the resistance of the RACE EVO instruments to cyclic fatigue failure despite the surface heat treatment of the instrument.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"135 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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