Pub Date : 2020-06-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513120926628
Catrin Sohrabi, Ioannis Goutos
Introduction: Administration of botulinum toxin is an increasingly popular procedure in the medical and aesthetic field. There is emerging evidence that it can influence fibroblast activity and minimise tension around the scar by virtue of muscular chemoimmobilisation. This review aims to explore the current evidence base behind the treatment of keloid scars with botulinum toxin.
Methods: A detailed literature review was conducted using PubMed Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases. Manuscripts were appraised and classified in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Levels of Evidence by an independent consultant in evidence synthesis. The results of this search are presented in descending order of evidence for botulinum toxin as a primary management agent as well as a secondary adjunct following extralesional keloid excision.
Discussion: On the basis of level 1 evidence, botulinum toxin appears to be equivalent to triamcinolone in producing a short-term reduction in keloidal volume, height and vascularity. A number of level 1 and 2 studies also suggest that botulinum toxin may be particularly helpful in alleviating symptoms of keloid associated pain and itch. There are currently limited studies appraising the value of botulinum toxin in the postoperative management of keloid scars.
Conclusion: Botulinum toxin may represent a promising agent in the management of keloid scars. However, further research involving large-scale studies with comparative designs and long-term follow-up is warranted to delineate the value of this therapeutic modality in scar management protocols.
导言:肉毒杆菌毒素注射在医疗和美容领域越来越受欢迎。越来越多的证据表明,肉毒杆菌毒素可以影响成纤维细胞的活性,并通过肌肉化学固定作用将瘢痕周围的张力降至最低。本综述旨在探讨肉毒杆菌毒素治疗瘢痕疙瘩的现有证据基础:使用 PubMed Medline、Embase 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了详细的文献综述。一位独立的证据合成顾问根据乔安娜-布里格斯研究所的证据等级对手稿进行了评估和分类。搜索结果按证据从高到低的顺序列出了肉毒杆菌毒素作为瘢痕疙瘩外部切除术后主要治疗药物和辅助治疗药物的情况:讨论:根据一级证据,肉毒杆菌毒素在短期内减少瘢痕疙瘩的体积、高度和血管方面似乎与曲安奈德相当。一些一级和二级研究还表明,肉毒杆菌毒素对减轻瘢痕疙瘩相关疼痛和瘙痒症状可能特别有帮助。目前,对肉毒杆菌毒素在瘢痕疙瘩术后治疗中的价值进行评估的研究还很有限:结论:肉毒杆菌毒素可能是治疗瘢痕疙瘩的一种有前途的药物。结论:肉毒杆菌毒素可能是治疗瘢痕疙瘩的一种很有前途的药物,但还需要进一步开展大规模的比较研究和长期随访,以确定这种治疗方法在瘢痕治疗方案中的价值。
{"title":"The use of botulinum toxin in keloid scar management: a literature review.","authors":"Catrin Sohrabi, Ioannis Goutos","doi":"10.1177/2059513120926628","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513120926628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Administration of botulinum toxin is an increasingly popular procedure in the medical and aesthetic field. There is emerging evidence that it can influence fibroblast activity and minimise tension around the scar by virtue of muscular chemoimmobilisation. This review aims to explore the current evidence base behind the treatment of keloid scars with botulinum toxin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A detailed literature review was conducted using PubMed Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases. Manuscripts were appraised and classified in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Levels of Evidence by an independent consultant in evidence synthesis. The results of this search are presented in descending order of evidence for botulinum toxin as a primary management agent as well as a secondary adjunct following extralesional keloid excision.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>On the basis of level 1 evidence, botulinum toxin appears to be equivalent to triamcinolone in producing a short-term reduction in keloidal volume, height and vascularity. A number of level 1 and 2 studies also suggest that botulinum toxin may be particularly helpful in alleviating symptoms of keloid associated pain and itch. There are currently limited studies appraising the value of botulinum toxin in the postoperative management of keloid scars.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Botulinum toxin may represent a promising agent in the management of keloid scars. However, further research involving large-scale studies with comparative designs and long-term follow-up is warranted to delineate the value of this therapeutic modality in scar management protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/de/b2/10.1177_2059513120926628.PMC7323272.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38130090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-25eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513120930903
Xiaoyu Ning, Kai Yang, Wei Shi, Chenjie Xu
Pigs are the most promising models for the study of wound healing and hypertrophic scarring because they are anatomically and physiologically similar to human beings. The Red Duroc pig and Mini Bama pig are two swine models that have attracted a lot of attention. The aim of the present study was to examine and compare the scarring process in a red Duroc pig and a Mini Bama pig, providing knowledge for researchers and clinicians to enable them to choose the most suitable pig model for studies.
{"title":"Comparison of hypertrophic scarring on a red Duroc pig and a Guangxi Mini Bama pig.","authors":"Xiaoyu Ning, Kai Yang, Wei Shi, Chenjie Xu","doi":"10.1177/2059513120930903","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513120930903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigs are the most promising models for the study of wound healing and hypertrophic scarring because they are anatomically and physiologically similar to human beings. The Red Duroc pig and Mini Bama pig are two swine models that have attracted a lot of attention. The aim of the present study was to examine and compare the scarring process in a red Duroc pig and a Mini Bama pig, providing knowledge for researchers and clinicians to enable them to choose the most suitable pig model for studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/17/10.1177_2059513120930903.PMC7318807.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38135570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-19eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513120928494
Desmond D Mascarenhas, Amina El Ayadi, Puja Ravikumar, Gyeong Jin Kang, Tammy Langer, Carlos Moreno, Edward P Amento
Introduction: Nephrilin peptide is a designed inhibitor of Rictor complex (also known as mTORC2), an evolutionarily conserved assembly believed to modulate responses to cellular stress. We previously demonstrated the ability of nephrilin peptide to suppress neuroinflammation, loss of body mass, glycaemic control and kidney function in a rat scald model, as well as sepsis mortality in a mouse model. The present study explores the effect of nephrilin plus iron formulations on clinically relevant outcomes in the rat scald model.
Methods: Animals were treated with nephrilin by subcutaneous bolus injection on post-burn days 1-7. Equimolar ferric iron in the formulation improved the positive systemic effects of nephrilin on kidney function, glycaemic control, oxidative stress, early hyperinflammation, late inflammasome activation, hyperangiogenesis and body mass, all variables previously shown to bear upon clinically relevant burn injury outcomes. The sparing effects of nephrilin-iron were demonstrated in both sexes.
Discussion: Surprisingly, optimum daily treatment doses were in the range of 2-4 mg/kg, while 8 mg/kg was less effective, suggesting the possibility of marginal pro-oxidant effects from the 'free' iron fraction. Thus, although ferric iron in the nephrilin formulation is clearly helpful, care must be exercised to select an optimum treatment dose.
Conclusion: Iron increases the efficacy of nephrilin peptide in burns.
{"title":"Positive effects of ferric iron on the systemic efficacy of nephrilin peptide in burn trauma.","authors":"Desmond D Mascarenhas, Amina El Ayadi, Puja Ravikumar, Gyeong Jin Kang, Tammy Langer, Carlos Moreno, Edward P Amento","doi":"10.1177/2059513120928494","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513120928494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nephrilin peptide is a designed inhibitor of Rictor complex (also known as mTORC2), an evolutionarily conserved assembly believed to modulate responses to cellular stress. We previously demonstrated the ability of nephrilin peptide to suppress neuroinflammation, loss of body mass, glycaemic control and kidney function in a rat scald model, as well as sepsis mortality in a mouse model. The present study explores the effect of nephrilin plus iron formulations on clinically relevant outcomes in the rat scald model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Animals were treated with nephrilin by subcutaneous bolus injection on post-burn days 1-7. Equimolar ferric iron in the formulation improved the positive systemic effects of nephrilin on kidney function, glycaemic control, oxidative stress, early hyperinflammation, late inflammasome activation, hyperangiogenesis and body mass, all variables previously shown to bear upon clinically relevant burn injury outcomes. The sparing effects of nephrilin-iron were demonstrated in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Surprisingly, optimum daily treatment doses were in the range of 2-4 mg/kg, while 8 mg/kg was less effective, suggesting the possibility of marginal pro-oxidant effects from the 'free' iron fraction. Thus, although ferric iron in the nephrilin formulation is clearly helpful, care must be exercised to select an optimum treatment dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Iron increases the efficacy of nephrilin peptide in burns.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/61/37/10.1177_2059513120928494.PMC7307390.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38114529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-11eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513120928515
Masushi Kohta, Chihiro Nishigaki
Introduction: The adverse aesthetic effects of post-surgical scars frequently impose a psychological burden on patients. We conducted an Internet-based questionnaire survey of Japanese individuals to explore patient satisfaction with respect to surgical scars and to identify the factors that affect their interest and experience of scar care.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted for the previous year on patients who had undergone the following surgeries: gastrointestinal; orthopaedic; obstetric; gynaecological; and plastic. The questionnaire included: (1) measures of participant characteristics; (2) measures of interest, experience and satisfaction with scar care; (3) measures of current and desired scar condition; and (4) measures of communication with physicians or nurses.
Results: A total of 214 participants were enrolled. Of these, only 90 individuals had experienced any treatment or self-care, and only 30 were satisfied with their experience. We found a significant gap between the current and desired thickness and colour of the scar (P < 0.01). On logistic regression analysis, scars located at a visible site and size of the scar were significant factors that affected the interest and experience of scar care. Only 40% of participants answered that their physician or nurse adequately understands their concerns pertaining to the scar condition.
Conclusion: Only a small proportion of individuals were satisfied with their experience of scar care. Additional research in following areas is required: (1) mutual communication between patients and medical providers; and (2) development of a new care programme for the management of scars.
{"title":"Internet-based survey of the perceptions of surgical scars of Japanese patients.","authors":"Masushi Kohta, Chihiro Nishigaki","doi":"10.1177/2059513120928515","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513120928515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The adverse aesthetic effects of post-surgical scars frequently impose a psychological burden on patients. We conducted an Internet-based questionnaire survey of Japanese individuals to explore patient satisfaction with respect to surgical scars and to identify the factors that affect their interest and experience of scar care.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted for the previous year on patients who had undergone the following surgeries: gastrointestinal; orthopaedic; obstetric; gynaecological; and plastic. The questionnaire included: (1) measures of participant characteristics; (2) measures of interest, experience and satisfaction with scar care; (3) measures of current and desired scar condition; and (4) measures of communication with physicians or nurses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 214 participants were enrolled. Of these, only 90 individuals had experienced any treatment or self-care, and only 30 were satisfied with their experience. We found a significant gap between the current and desired thickness and colour of the scar (<i>P</i> < 0.01). On logistic regression analysis, scars located at a visible site and size of the scar were significant factors that affected the interest and experience of scar care. Only 40% of participants answered that their physician or nurse adequately understands their concerns pertaining to the scar condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Only a small proportion of individuals were satisfied with their experience of scar care. Additional research in following areas is required: (1) mutual communication between patients and medical providers; and (2) development of a new care programme for the management of scars.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e7/b6/10.1177_2059513120928515.PMC7290269.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38077664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-28eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513120908857
Rajiv S Raktoe, Marion H Rietveld, Jacoba J Out-Luiting, Marianna Kruithof-de Julio, Paul Pm van Zuijlen, Remco van Doorn, Abdoelwaheb El Ghalbzouri
Background: In burn patients, wound healing is often accompanied by hypertrophic scar (HS) development, resulting in both functional and aesthetic problems. HSs are characterised by abundant presence of myofibroblasts that contribute to overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) that is regulated by the TGF-β signalling pathway. Studies have shown that inhibition of TGF-β receptors in fibrotic diseases reduces the fibrotic load. In the present study, we aim to inactivate ALK5, also known as TGF-β receptor I, in human HS fibroblasts by exon skipping using antisense oligonucleotides (AONs).
Methods: HS biopsies were used to isolate and set up fibroblast monocultures. AONs targeting ALK5 were supplemented to the fibroblast cultures to induce exon skipping, while pharmacological ALK5 inhibition was induced using SB431542. AON delivery in HS fibroblasts was examined using immunofluorescence (IF), while TGF-β signalling downstream targets, such as Smad2/3, PAI-1, ACTA2, COL1A1 and COL3A1, were analysed using touchdown polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), IF or western blotting.
Results: Our data clearly demonstrate that AONs were successfully delivered in the nuclei of HS fibroblasts and that functional exon skipping of ALK5 took place as confirmed with touchdown PCR and qPCR. In addition, exon skipping affected the expression of ECM-related genes, such as type I/III collagens, PAI-1 and CCN2. Moreover, AON treatment did not affect the migration of HS fibroblasts in a model for wound healing.
Conclusion: Exon skipping is a promising tool to modulate the TGF-β signalling pathway in HS. This would open a therapeutic window for the treatment of patients suffering from HSs.
{"title":"Exon skipping of TGFβRI affects signalling and ECM expression in hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts.","authors":"Rajiv S Raktoe, Marion H Rietveld, Jacoba J Out-Luiting, Marianna Kruithof-de Julio, Paul Pm van Zuijlen, Remco van Doorn, Abdoelwaheb El Ghalbzouri","doi":"10.1177/2059513120908857","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513120908857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In burn patients, wound healing is often accompanied by hypertrophic scar (HS) development, resulting in both functional and aesthetic problems. HSs are characterised by abundant presence of myofibroblasts that contribute to overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) that is regulated by the TGF-β signalling pathway. Studies have shown that inhibition of TGF-β receptors in fibrotic diseases reduces the fibrotic load. In the present study, we aim to inactivate ALK5, also known as TGF-β receptor I, in human HS fibroblasts by exon skipping using antisense oligonucleotides (AONs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HS biopsies were used to isolate and set up fibroblast monocultures. AONs targeting ALK5 were supplemented to the fibroblast cultures to induce exon skipping, while pharmacological ALK5 inhibition was induced using SB431542. AON delivery in HS fibroblasts was examined using immunofluorescence (IF), while TGF-β signalling downstream targets, such as Smad2/3, PAI-1, ACTA2, COL1A1 and COL3A1, were analysed using touchdown polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), IF or western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our data clearly demonstrate that AONs were successfully delivered in the nuclei of HS fibroblasts and that functional exon skipping of ALK5 took place as confirmed with touchdown PCR and qPCR. In addition, exon skipping affected the expression of ECM-related genes, such as type I/III collagens, PAI-1 and CCN2. Moreover, AON treatment did not affect the migration of HS fibroblasts in a model for wound healing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exon skipping is a promising tool to modulate the TGF-β signalling pathway in HS. This would open a therapeutic window for the treatment of patients suffering from HSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2059513120908857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38035980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513119897888
Olivia Sjökvist, Christian Smolle, David Jensson, Fredrik Huss
Introduction: Chemical burns are comparably rare but often result in full-thickness skin defects with frequent involvement of underlying structures. Hands are the most commonly affected injury site and impaired functional outcome is common. We present a case of an unusual chemical burn to the dorsum of the hand of a child secondary to application of a topical anti-wart treatment containing formic acid.
Case report: An 11-year-old girl was referred to our outpatient department with a full-thickness injury resulting from a chemical burn having used a topical formic acid solution in the treatment of common warts. On examination, a 20-mm circular full-thickness defect was noted to the dorsum of the hand. The extensor tendons were not involved and there were no signs of infection. She required surgical debridement and local flap coverage. The postoperative recovery was unremarkable.
Conclusion: Through a comprehensive literature review, four common topical solutions used in anti-wart treatment were identified to be associated with burns. Together with our case, this highlights the importance of careful patient education in the usage of common topical over-the-counter treatments.
{"title":"A full-thickness chemical burn to the hand using formic acid-based anti-wart treatment: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Olivia Sjökvist, Christian Smolle, David Jensson, Fredrik Huss","doi":"10.1177/2059513119897888","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513119897888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chemical burns are comparably rare but often result in full-thickness skin defects with frequent involvement of underlying structures. Hands are the most commonly affected injury site and impaired functional outcome is common. We present a case of an unusual chemical burn to the dorsum of the hand of a child secondary to application of a topical anti-wart treatment containing formic acid.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>An 11-year-old girl was referred to our outpatient department with a full-thickness injury resulting from a chemical burn having used a topical formic acid solution in the treatment of common warts. On examination, a 20-mm circular full-thickness defect was noted to the dorsum of the hand. The extensor tendons were not involved and there were no signs of infection. She required surgical debridement and local flap coverage. The postoperative recovery was unremarkable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through a comprehensive literature review, four common topical solutions used in anti-wart treatment were identified to be associated with burns. Together with our case, this highlights the importance of careful patient education in the usage of common topical over-the-counter treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6f/66/10.1177_2059513119897888.PMC7003174.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37659503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-31eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513119896954
Ter-Er Kusu-Orkar, Umar Islam, Benjamin Hall, Evan Araia, Nikki Allorto
Background: Cutimed® Sorbact® is a dressing marketed as having antimicrobial properties and easy application without the threat of antibiotic resistance and difficult accessibility. There is little evidence on the clinical outcomes of the use of Cutimed® Sorbact® in adults and currently no evidence of use of Cutimed® Sorbact® on superficial-partial thickness burn injuries in children.
Objective: To summarise the clinical outcome of burn wounds in children with superficial-partial thickness burns in which Cutimed® Sorbact® was used.
Method: An observational case series was conducted in Edendale Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa over the course of four weeks. Patients where included if they were aged < 10 years and had a ⩽ 15% superficial-partial burn. The primary outcome measure was time to 95% re-epithelialisation. Secondary outcome measures included wound complications, adverse healing and number of dressing changes.
Results: Ten patients (five girls, five boys; age range = 11 months-8 years) were included in this case series. All participants had a type VI Fitzpatrick skin type and 80% of burns were hot water burns. Of all patients treated with Cutimed® Sorbact®, 50% healed within seven days, 70% within 14 days and 100% within 21 days. There was only one wound complication noted in this study and there was no adverse healing in any burn wounds. The mean number of dressing changes was 1.4 (range = 1-2) and length of hospital stay was in the range of 0-11 days (mean = 5.1 days).
Conclusion: Cutimed® Sorbact® is a safe, useful and cost-effective dressing that should be used as an alternative for superficial-partial burns in children.
{"title":"The use of a non-medicated dressing for superficial-partial thickness burns in children: a case series and review.","authors":"Ter-Er Kusu-Orkar, Umar Islam, Benjamin Hall, Evan Araia, Nikki Allorto","doi":"10.1177/2059513119896954","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513119896954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutimed<sup>®</sup> Sorbact<sup>®</sup> is a dressing marketed as having antimicrobial properties and easy application without the threat of antibiotic resistance and difficult accessibility. There is little evidence on the clinical outcomes of the use of Cutimed<sup>®</sup> Sorbact<sup>®</sup> in adults and currently no evidence of use of Cutimed<sup>®</sup> Sorbact<sup>®</sup> on superficial-partial thickness burn injuries in children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarise the clinical outcome of burn wounds in children with superficial-partial thickness burns in which Cutimed<sup>®</sup> Sorbact<sup>®</sup> was used.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An observational case series was conducted in Edendale Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa over the course of four weeks. Patients where included if they were aged < 10 years and had a ⩽ 15% superficial-partial burn. The primary outcome measure was time to 95% re-epithelialisation. Secondary outcome measures included wound complications, adverse healing and number of dressing changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten patients (five girls, five boys; age range = 11 months-8 years) were included in this case series. All participants had a type VI Fitzpatrick skin type and 80% of burns were hot water burns. Of all patients treated with Cutimed<sup>®</sup> Sorbact<sup>®</sup>, 50% healed within seven days, 70% within 14 days and 100% within 21 days. There was only one wound complication noted in this study and there was no adverse healing in any burn wounds. The mean number of dressing changes was 1.4 (range = 1-2) and length of hospital stay was in the range of 0-11 days (mean = 5.1 days).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cutimed<sup>®</sup> Sorbact<sup>®</sup> is a safe, useful and cost-effective dressing that should be used as an alternative for superficial-partial burns in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/25/29/10.1177_2059513119896954.PMC7169358.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37878198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-10eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513119891113
Rei Ogawa, Mamiko Tosa, Teruyuki Dohi, Satoshi Akaishi, Shigehiko Kuribayashi
Keloids can be treated in a number of ways, including by surgery. Multiple studies now show that while surgical monotherapy associates with extremely high rates of recurrence (50%-80%), postoperative radiotherapy can significantly reduce these recurrence rates. Ongoing improvements in radiation technology have further increased the safety and efficacy of this combination protocol. Of the various radiotherapies that have been used in this setting, electron beam (β-ray) irradiation is currently the best due to its excellent dose distribution and safety. The maximal biologically effective dose (BED) for keloids is 30 Gy (using an estimated α / β ratio of 10); increasing the dose has no further benefits and elevates side effects. Over the last two decades, we have modified and then fine-tuned our radiotherapy protocol for keloid excision wounds. Thus, our early protocol was used for all body sites and consisted of 15 Gy/3 fr/3 days. We then customised the radiotherapy protocol so that body sites that are highly prone to recurrence (e.g. the anterior chest) receive higher doses while low recurrence sites like the earlobe receive a much smaller dose. More recently, we tweaked this body site-customised protocol so that fewer fractions are employed. Therefore, we currently apply 18 Gy/3 fr/3 days to high-recurrence sites, 8 Gy/1 fr/1 day to earlobes and 15 Gy/2 fr/2 days to other body sites. These radiotherapy protocol changes were accompanied by the evolution of body site-customised surgical approaches. As a result of these developments, our overall keloid recurrence rate is now below 10%.
{"title":"Surgical excision and postoperative radiotherapy for keloids.","authors":"Rei Ogawa, Mamiko Tosa, Teruyuki Dohi, Satoshi Akaishi, Shigehiko Kuribayashi","doi":"10.1177/2059513119891113","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513119891113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Keloids can be treated in a number of ways, including by surgery. Multiple studies now show that while surgical monotherapy associates with extremely high rates of recurrence (50%-80%), postoperative radiotherapy can significantly reduce these recurrence rates. Ongoing improvements in radiation technology have further increased the safety and efficacy of this combination protocol. Of the various radiotherapies that have been used in this setting, electron beam (β-ray) irradiation is currently the best due to its excellent dose distribution and safety. The maximal biologically effective dose (BED) for keloids is 30 Gy (using an estimated α / β ratio of 10); increasing the dose has no further benefits and elevates side effects. Over the last two decades, we have modified and then fine-tuned our radiotherapy protocol for keloid excision wounds. Thus, our early protocol was used for all body sites and consisted of 15 Gy/3 fr/3 days. We then customised the radiotherapy protocol so that body sites that are highly prone to recurrence (e.g. the anterior chest) receive higher doses while low recurrence sites like the earlobe receive a much smaller dose. More recently, we tweaked this body site-customised protocol so that fewer fractions are employed. Therefore, we currently apply 18 Gy/3 fr/3 days to high-recurrence sites, 8 Gy/1 fr/1 day to earlobes and 15 Gy/2 fr/2 days to other body sites. These radiotherapy protocol changes were accompanied by the evolution of body site-customised surgical approaches. As a result of these developments, our overall keloid recurrence rate is now below 10%.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2059513119891113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37459967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-11eCollection Date: 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2059513119831911
Cathy Tuckey, Susan Kohut, Dale W Edgar
Introduction: Anecdotally, acupuncture is used in the treatment of scar tissue in order to improve scar quality and reduce symptoms of pain and pruritus. Unlike conditions such as lower back pain, knee osteoarthritis and migraines, there are no systematic reviews to confirm treatment efficacy. This systematic literature review aims to assess the current level of evidence for the use of acupuncture for treating abnormal scars such as hypertrophic or other symptomatic scars.
Methods: A comprehensive database search was performed followed by reviewing reference lists, grey literature databases and Google Scholar. Study quality was assessed using the Oregon CONSORT STRICTA instrument (OCSI) for clinical trials and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for case reports.
Results: The search strategy discovered five case studies, one retrospective cohort study, one cohort study and three clinical trials that investigated the use of acupuncture for scars. Studies rated as low to moderate quality (26-50%) on the OCSI checklist due to lack of detailed reporting, use of non-validated outcome measures and heterogeneity of participant cohorts. Three case studies rated as moderate quality (5-6/8) and two as low quality (<2/8) on the JBI checklist.
Discussion: All studies reported positive outcomes for the use of acupuncture for scar symptoms; however, treatment frequency, duration, number of treatments and points used varied between studies.
Conclusion: Acupuncture for the treatment of abnormal scars has a low level of evidence thus requiring further well-designed, controlled trials to be performed. Recommended treatment protocols for future studies have been provided.
{"title":"Efficacy of acupuncture in treating scars following tissue trauma.","authors":"Cathy Tuckey, Susan Kohut, Dale W Edgar","doi":"10.1177/2059513119831911","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513119831911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anecdotally, acupuncture is used in the treatment of scar tissue in order to improve scar quality and reduce symptoms of pain and pruritus. Unlike conditions such as lower back pain, knee osteoarthritis and migraines, there are no systematic reviews to confirm treatment efficacy. This systematic literature review aims to assess the current level of evidence for the use of acupuncture for treating abnormal scars such as hypertrophic or other symptomatic scars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive database search was performed followed by reviewing reference lists, grey literature databases and Google Scholar. Study quality was assessed using the Oregon CONSORT STRICTA instrument (OCSI) for clinical trials and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for case reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search strategy discovered five case studies, one retrospective cohort study, one cohort study and three clinical trials that investigated the use of acupuncture for scars. Studies rated as low to moderate quality (26-50%) on the OCSI checklist due to lack of detailed reporting, use of non-validated outcome measures and heterogeneity of participant cohorts. Three case studies rated as moderate quality (5-6/8) and two as low quality (<2/8) on the JBI checklist.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>All studies reported positive outcomes for the use of acupuncture for scar symptoms; however, treatment frequency, duration, number of treatments and points used varied between studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acupuncture for the treatment of abnormal scars has a low level of evidence thus requiring further well-designed, controlled trials to be performed. Recommended treatment protocols for future studies have been provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/64/bf/10.1177_2059513119831911.PMC6415480.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37231065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-19DOI: 10.1177/2059513119831369
Faezeh Falah, Leili Shokoohizadeh, Maryam Adabi
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important agents of hospital infections. Rapid and accurate identification and genotyping of A. baumannii is very important, especially in burn hospitals in order to prevent the spread of related nosocomial infections and to further epidemiological studies.
Material and methods: For two months, 82 A. baumannii isolates were collected from burn wound swabs of patients in a major burn hospital in Tehran. A. baumannii isolates were identified by conventional microbiological test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers of blaOXA-51 gene, while the genetic linkage of A. baumannii isolates was investigated by enterobacterial repetitive intragenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR technique. Similarity, a cut-off of ⩾ 95% was considered for classifying the genotypes.
Results: The molecular test (PCR) confirmed 97.56% of phenotypic results for the detection of A. baumannii isolates. ERIC-PCR results revealed 14 different ERIC patterns (ERIC-types) including 11 common types and three unique types.
Conclusion: Our findings show that we can simply and quickly detect A. baumannii isolates by PCR using blaOXA genes and genetic diversity by ERIC-PCR, respectively. These rapid and simple techniques for the routine screening and identification of clinical A. baumannii isolates could be useful with epidemic potential.
{"title":"Molecular identification and genotyping of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> isolated from burn patients by PCR and ERIC-PCR.","authors":"Faezeh Falah, Leili Shokoohizadeh, Maryam Adabi","doi":"10.1177/2059513119831369","DOIUrl":"10.1177/2059513119831369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is one of the most important agents of hospital infections. Rapid and accurate identification and genotyping of <i>A. baumannii</i> is very important, especially in burn hospitals in order to prevent the spread of related nosocomial infections and to further epidemiological studies.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>For two months, 82 <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates were collected from burn wound swabs of patients in a major burn hospital in Tehran. <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates were identified by conventional microbiological test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers of <i>blaOXA-51</i> gene, while the genetic linkage of <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates was investigated by enterobacterial repetitive intragenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR technique. Similarity, a cut-off of ⩾ 95% was considered for classifying the genotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The molecular test (PCR) confirmed 97.56% of phenotypic results for the detection of <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates. ERIC-PCR results revealed 14 different ERIC patterns (ERIC-types) including 11 common types and three unique types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show that we can simply and quickly detect <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates by PCR using <i>blaOXA</i> genes and genetic diversity by ERIC-PCR, respectively. These rapid and simple techniques for the routine screening and identification of clinical <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates could be useful with epidemic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":21495,"journal":{"name":"Scars, burns & healing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/2059513119831369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37008417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}