Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.109809.1044
A. Sallam, Abdel-azim Sopieh, Essam Nabil
- A precision model of a battery charge equalization controller (BCEC) is developed in this research paper to control a series-connected Li-ion battery with a number of cells (n). The BCEC's main task is to manage each cell individually by monitoring and balancing all cells by charging the over-discharged cell or discharging the overcharged one. An intelligent fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and a single sliding mode controller (SSMC) are evolved to activate bidirectional cell switches and regulate a chopper circuit's direct current (DC-DC flyback converter) with PWM generation. The model can be implemented in electric vehicle (E.V.) applications to get benefit from the Li-ion battery. It consists of individual models of an E.V., cells of Li-ion battery, a fly-back converter, and a charge equalization controller for charging and discharging are integrated with n series-connected cells of Li-ion battery. The simulation results confirm that the proposed schemes have achieved enhanced performance with balancing the Li-ion cells as the state of charge (SOC) difference between cells is maintained to be 0.1% while maintaining the battery operation with a safe region. The BCEC is compared with the existing controllers based on efficiency, power losses, performance, and cost and has achieved better results.
{"title":"Battery Management System Performance Enhancement using Charge Equalization Controller Design","authors":"A. Sallam, Abdel-azim Sopieh, Essam Nabil","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.109809.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.109809.1044","url":null,"abstract":"- A precision model of a battery charge equalization controller (BCEC) is developed in this research paper to control a series-connected Li-ion battery with a number of cells (n). The BCEC's main task is to manage each cell individually by monitoring and balancing all cells by charging the over-discharged cell or discharging the overcharged one. An intelligent fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and a single sliding mode controller (SSMC) are evolved to activate bidirectional cell switches and regulate a chopper circuit's direct current (DC-DC flyback converter) with PWM generation. The model can be implemented in electric vehicle (E.V.) applications to get benefit from the Li-ion battery. It consists of individual models of an E.V., cells of Li-ion battery, a fly-back converter, and a charge equalization controller for charging and discharging are integrated with n series-connected cells of Li-ion battery. The simulation results confirm that the proposed schemes have achieved enhanced performance with balancing the Li-ion cells as the state of charge (SOC) difference between cells is maintained to be 0.1% while maintaining the battery operation with a safe region. The BCEC is compared with the existing controllers based on efficiency, power losses, performance, and cost and has achieved better results.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116758016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.128016.1049
Tamer S. Mostafa, shimaa krosh, El-Sayed M. El-Rabie
— In this paper, different topologies were discussed and their effect on the design of photonic crystal applications was evaluated. They can be classified into four categories (i.e., ring resonator, self-collimation, waveguide, and cavity-based structures). The figure of merits of each topology and its impact on design modules were explained and compared for two different applications (i.e., half-adder and decoder). Finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion methods are the two numerical approaches that were used to analyze the proposed designs. The truth table for each application was introduced. Comparison tables were organized to discriminate the valued characteristics for each structure. Based on the extracted tables, the appropriate topology can be chosen for the required design application according to the needed characteristic.
{"title":"Appropriate Photonic Crystal Topology for Appropriate Applications","authors":"Tamer S. Mostafa, shimaa krosh, El-Sayed M. El-Rabie","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.128016.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.128016.1049","url":null,"abstract":"— In this paper, different topologies were discussed and their effect on the design of photonic crystal applications was evaluated. They can be classified into four categories (i.e., ring resonator, self-collimation, waveguide, and cavity-based structures). The figure of merits of each topology and its impact on design modules were explained and compared for two different applications (i.e., half-adder and decoder). Finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion methods are the two numerical approaches that were used to analyze the proposed designs. The truth table for each application was introduced. Comparison tables were organized to discriminate the valued characteristics for each structure. Based on the extracted tables, the appropriate topology can be chosen for the required design application according to the needed characteristic.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126968001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.132434.1052
Tamer S. Mostafa, Amany Ahmed, El-Sayed M. El-Rabie
— This paper reviews all-optical analog to digital converters (OADCs) based on the photonic crystal. They are nonlinear applications and are used in all-optical data processing systems. They are consisting of one input (i.e., continuous analog optical signal) and two or five outputs (i.e., binary code). Most of these structures have two operation steps. The first one is a nonlinear demultiplexer followed by second stage that has an optical coder. The demultiplexer creates the discrete levels for the continuous optical input signal; then the optical coder generates output bits. There are two techniques to design OADC, ring and cavity resonators. All OADCs structures use the finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion (PWE) analysis methods. The paper presents a comparison between the different designs in the literature for both the ring and cavity resonators using the RSOFT simulator followed by the challenges and some novel trends.
{"title":"Photonic Crystal Analog to Digital Converter A Literature Review, Challenges, and Some Novel Trends","authors":"Tamer S. Mostafa, Amany Ahmed, El-Sayed M. El-Rabie","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.132434.1052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.132434.1052","url":null,"abstract":"— This paper reviews all-optical analog to digital converters (OADCs) based on the photonic crystal. They are nonlinear applications and are used in all-optical data processing systems. They are consisting of one input (i.e., continuous analog optical signal) and two or five outputs (i.e., binary code). Most of these structures have two operation steps. The first one is a nonlinear demultiplexer followed by second stage that has an optical coder. The demultiplexer creates the discrete levels for the continuous optical input signal; then the optical coder generates output bits. There are two techniques to design OADC, ring and cavity resonators. All OADCs structures use the finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion (PWE) analysis methods. The paper presents a comparison between the different designs in the literature for both the ring and cavity resonators using the RSOFT simulator followed by the challenges and some novel trends.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133978527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.98856.1038
Nirmeen A. El-Bahnasawy, Amal Elnattat, A. El-Sayed, Sahar Elkazaz
— Fog computing is a new computing paradigm that has been proposed to extend cloud computing services to the edges of cloud computing networks. Minimizing the total completion time of an application without violating user-defined deadline is one of the most important problems that are related to task scheduling in fog environments. In this paper, we have proposed a new algorithm called Deadline Aware Resource Allocation (DARA) algorithm. The main contribution of this algorithm is to enhance the performance of fog environment by allocating resources in an efficient manner under deadline constraint. The algorithm is compared with Dynamic Resource Allocation Method (DRAM) algorithm. Simulation results proved that our proposed algorithm provides better performance in terms of makespan, total cost, and resource utilization.
{"title":"Performance Enhancement of Fog Environment with Deadline Aware Resource Allocation Algorithm","authors":"Nirmeen A. El-Bahnasawy, Amal Elnattat, A. El-Sayed, Sahar Elkazaz","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.98856.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.98856.1038","url":null,"abstract":"— Fog computing is a new computing paradigm that has been proposed to extend cloud computing services to the edges of cloud computing networks. Minimizing the total completion time of an application without violating user-defined deadline is one of the most important problems that are related to task scheduling in fog environments. In this paper, we have proposed a new algorithm called Deadline Aware Resource Allocation (DARA) algorithm. The main contribution of this algorithm is to enhance the performance of fog environment by allocating resources in an efficient manner under deadline constraint. The algorithm is compared with Dynamic Resource Allocation Method (DRAM) algorithm. Simulation results proved that our proposed algorithm provides better performance in terms of makespan, total cost, and resource utilization.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128811699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.145898.1060
A. Elsayed, Mostafa Y. Makkey
— Nowadays, for the field of wireless communications, the good design of radio frequency receiver for wireless communication applications is considered one of the main targets in radio frequency research. In ultra-wideband (UWB) receivers, low noise amplifier is considered the most important building block in UWB receiver structure. In this paper we provide the design and simulation of ultra-wideband low noise amplifier to get radio receiver with good performance in wireless communication application. This paper introduces the design and simulation of ultra-wideband low noise amplifier using 130 nm CMOS technology. This design uses three stages amplifier. The design provides bandwidth range from (3.9 GHz to 15 GHz) with power gain (S 21 ) of 10 dB. The output noise of the proposed amplifier is 300 uV rms . The proposed LNA is designed using 1.2 V power supply, the dissipated power of the proposed amplifier is 1.2 mW. The proposed amplifier gives noise figure of 1.5 dB and input referred third order intercept point (IIP3) reached to 20 dBm.
{"title":"design and simulation of 1.2 mW power consumption ultra-wideband low noise amplifier for ultra-wideband wireless communications","authors":"A. Elsayed, Mostafa Y. Makkey","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.145898.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.145898.1060","url":null,"abstract":"— Nowadays, for the field of wireless communications, the good design of radio frequency receiver for wireless communication applications is considered one of the main targets in radio frequency research. In ultra-wideband (UWB) receivers, low noise amplifier is considered the most important building block in UWB receiver structure. In this paper we provide the design and simulation of ultra-wideband low noise amplifier to get radio receiver with good performance in wireless communication application. This paper introduces the design and simulation of ultra-wideband low noise amplifier using 130 nm CMOS technology. This design uses three stages amplifier. The design provides bandwidth range from (3.9 GHz to 15 GHz) with power gain (S 21 ) of 10 dB. The output noise of the proposed amplifier is 300 uV rms . The proposed LNA is designed using 1.2 V power supply, the dissipated power of the proposed amplifier is 1.2 mW. The proposed amplifier gives noise figure of 1.5 dB and input referred third order intercept point (IIP3) reached to 20 dBm.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124511406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.147042.1062
asma Mostafa, Osama El Nahas, Mostafa Mekky
—Compressive sensing (CS) has recently gained a lot of attention in the domains of applied mathematics, computer science, and electrical engineering by offering compression of data below the Nyquist rate. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) reconstruction algorithm is considered one of the most widely used evolutionary optimization techniques in CS. The self-tuned PSO parameters control can greatly improve its performance. In this paper, we propose a self-tuned PSO parameter control based on a sigmoid function in the CS framework. In the proposed approach, PSO parameters are adjusted by the evaluation at each iteration. The proposed self-tuned PSO parameter control approach involves two PSO parameters. First, acceleration coefficients, which are considered very effective parameters in enhancing the performance of the algorithm, second, inertia weight, which is used to accelerate the movement of particles towards the optimum point or slow down the particles so that they converge to the optimum. In contrast to conventional PSO, the proposed self-tuned PSO parameters control algorithm governs the convergence rate, resulting in a fast convergence to an optimal solution and very precise recovery of the original signal. A simulation study validates the effectiveness of the proposed method as compared to the conventional PSO algorithm.
{"title":"An Adaptive Particle Swarm Based Compressive Sensing Technique","authors":"asma Mostafa, Osama El Nahas, Mostafa Mekky","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.147042.1062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.147042.1062","url":null,"abstract":"—Compressive sensing (CS) has recently gained a lot of attention in the domains of applied mathematics, computer science, and electrical engineering by offering compression of data below the Nyquist rate. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) reconstruction algorithm is considered one of the most widely used evolutionary optimization techniques in CS. The self-tuned PSO parameters control can greatly improve its performance. In this paper, we propose a self-tuned PSO parameter control based on a sigmoid function in the CS framework. In the proposed approach, PSO parameters are adjusted by the evaluation at each iteration. The proposed self-tuned PSO parameter control approach involves two PSO parameters. First, acceleration coefficients, which are considered very effective parameters in enhancing the performance of the algorithm, second, inertia weight, which is used to accelerate the movement of particles towards the optimum point or slow down the particles so that they converge to the optimum. In contrast to conventional PSO, the proposed self-tuned PSO parameters control algorithm governs the convergence rate, resulting in a fast convergence to an optimal solution and very precise recovery of the original signal. A simulation study validates the effectiveness of the proposed method as compared to the conventional PSO algorithm.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133302314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.136723.1055
A. Rosas
— Due to the explosive growth in the density of wireless network services, applications, and technologies, optimal power consumption and radio resource management with interference mitigation can be emerged as a critical issues for future fifth-generation (5G) heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Millimeter Wave (mm-wave) technology with small cells implemented in heterogeneous 5G networks is deployed as a practical solution to deal with diverse network infrastructures, massively linked devices, and services with multi-gigabit access data rates. In this paper, we propose a jointly optimal power and concurrent radio resource transmission schedule for radio access, backhaul (BH) and Device to Device (D2D) communication links in heterogeneous 5G mmWave networks. Furthermore, for both Line Of Sight (LOS) and Non Line Of Sight (NLOS) transmission, the scheme allows different interfering and non-interfering links to transmit concurrently. Finally, Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieves significant improvement in terms of radio resources utilization and average user throughput.
{"title":"D2D communication with Radio resources scheduling in 5G Millimeter wave Heterogeneous Networks","authors":"A. Rosas","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.136723.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.136723.1055","url":null,"abstract":"— Due to the explosive growth in the density of wireless network services, applications, and technologies, optimal power consumption and radio resource management with interference mitigation can be emerged as a critical issues for future fifth-generation (5G) heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Millimeter Wave (mm-wave) technology with small cells implemented in heterogeneous 5G networks is deployed as a practical solution to deal with diverse network infrastructures, massively linked devices, and services with multi-gigabit access data rates. In this paper, we propose a jointly optimal power and concurrent radio resource transmission schedule for radio access, backhaul (BH) and Device to Device (D2D) communication links in heterogeneous 5G mmWave networks. Furthermore, for both Line Of Sight (LOS) and Non Line Of Sight (NLOS) transmission, the scheme allows different interfering and non-interfering links to transmit concurrently. Finally, Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieves significant improvement in terms of radio resources utilization and average user throughput.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130049385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.136544.1053
Mohamed Maher, F. El-Sayed, O. Zahran
: Research on energy consumption and bandwidth allocation scheme is the basis for achieving the standard of service and fairness requirements for various traffic classes within the integrated optical-wireless access network which is crucial as the energy consumption issue is increasingly vital nowadays. The access segment of both optical and wireless networks is well-known for its domination over total network power consumption. In this research paper, the full power consumption and energy efficiency of integrated Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) and two wireless technologies, namely, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Long-Term Evolution (LTE) with a unique EPON-based semi-dynamic bandwidth allocation (SD-DBA) is evaluated. A semi-analytical power consumption model is proposed and applied within the simulation model for energy performance evaluation. Furthermore, various parameters that will affect the energy performance like split ratio, femtocell base station (FBS) range, analysis of broadcast elements, and modulation schemes are considered. The obtained results prove that, the EPON-WiMAX with SD-DBA has better energy efficiency performance compared to EPON-LTE with SD-DBA that offers the best data rates.
{"title":"Analytical Power Consumption Modeling For EPON-WiMAX Integrated Networks","authors":"Mohamed Maher, F. El-Sayed, O. Zahran","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.136544.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.136544.1053","url":null,"abstract":": Research on energy consumption and bandwidth allocation scheme is the basis for achieving the standard of service and fairness requirements for various traffic classes within the integrated optical-wireless access network which is crucial as the energy consumption issue is increasingly vital nowadays. The access segment of both optical and wireless networks is well-known for its domination over total network power consumption. In this research paper, the full power consumption and energy efficiency of integrated Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) and two wireless technologies, namely, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Long-Term Evolution (LTE) with a unique EPON-based semi-dynamic bandwidth allocation (SD-DBA) is evaluated. A semi-analytical power consumption model is proposed and applied within the simulation model for energy performance evaluation. Furthermore, various parameters that will affect the energy performance like split ratio, femtocell base station (FBS) range, analysis of broadcast elements, and modulation schemes are considered. The obtained results prove that, the EPON-WiMAX with SD-DBA has better energy efficiency performance compared to EPON-LTE with SD-DBA that offers the best data rates.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131860188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2022.131283.1051
Ibrahim Zewail, T. Abouelnaga, M. Shokair
— In this paper, two designs of ten port and fourteen port Massive Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output (MIMO) arrays are proposed for the Fifth Generation (5G) cellphone applications. A dual-band ring loop antenna is proposed to cover the LTE band 42 (3.4 – 3.6 GHz), LTE band 43 (3.6 – 3.8 GHz), and LTE band 46 (5.15 – 5.925 GHz). The proposed arrays are designed with changing the battery position and exploiting the space to add more antennas. Also, better isolation may be achieved concerning the use of spatial diversity methods on the antenna components. To achieve higher isolation, the substrate is formed as the loop antenna elements are printed on a separated dodecagon FR4 substrate with different orientation angles. The proposed designs achieve isolation better than -26 dB. Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) based on S-parameters is found to be better than 0.005 in LTE band 42/43 and 0.006 in LTE band 46. Also, the ECC is calculated based on far-field radiation patterns and is found to be less than 0.2 in LTE band 42/43 and less than 0.12 in LTE band 46. The channel capacities are attained, the 10 × 10 MIMO achieve 57.6 bps/Hz, and the 14 × 14 MIMO achieve 72 bps/Hz. Additionally, The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), Diversity Gain (DG), and the effect of frame insertion on the proposed array are also discussed.
{"title":"Ten Port and Fourteen Port MIMO Arrays for 5G Smart Phone Applications in a Sub 6 GHz band","authors":"Ibrahim Zewail, T. Abouelnaga, M. Shokair","doi":"10.21608/mjeer.2022.131283.1051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2022.131283.1051","url":null,"abstract":"— In this paper, two designs of ten port and fourteen port Massive Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output (MIMO) arrays are proposed for the Fifth Generation (5G) cellphone applications. A dual-band ring loop antenna is proposed to cover the LTE band 42 (3.4 – 3.6 GHz), LTE band 43 (3.6 – 3.8 GHz), and LTE band 46 (5.15 – 5.925 GHz). The proposed arrays are designed with changing the battery position and exploiting the space to add more antennas. Also, better isolation may be achieved concerning the use of spatial diversity methods on the antenna components. To achieve higher isolation, the substrate is formed as the loop antenna elements are printed on a separated dodecagon FR4 substrate with different orientation angles. The proposed designs achieve isolation better than -26 dB. Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) based on S-parameters is found to be better than 0.005 in LTE band 42/43 and 0.006 in LTE band 46. Also, the ECC is calculated based on far-field radiation patterns and is found to be less than 0.2 in LTE band 42/43 and less than 0.12 in LTE band 46. The channel capacities are attained, the 10 × 10 MIMO achieve 57.6 bps/Hz, and the 14 × 14 MIMO achieve 72 bps/Hz. Additionally, The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), Diversity Gain (DG), and the effect of frame insertion on the proposed array are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":218019,"journal":{"name":"Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121558107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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