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A high-level architecture framework for Air Traffic Management (ATM) Operations 空中交通管理(ATM)操作的高级架构框架
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549988
M. Simons, S. Stalnaker, C. Morgan
This paper presents a preliminary high-level architecture framework for Air Traffic Management (ATM) Operations in the context of the aviation transportation enterprise. The analysis contained in this paper examines ATM Operations as a specialized case of a logistics process and utilizes key concepts of transportation theory. The analysis used to develop the high-level architecture examines ATM Operations as a socio-technical Systems of System (SoS) where the human is examined as an integral part of the system, together with other physical components such as automation and infrastructure. The framework is developed using a systems methodology and presents a high-level architecture of functions and data. It also presents a set of notional operational and service-level requirements. In this paper we use the example of ATM Operations in the United States (U.S.) to illustrate the application of the high-level framework. As more research is conducted in both breadth and depth, it is expected that this high-level architecture will evolve. The framework presented in this paper is intended to help aviation stakeholders in their quest to develop new capabilities while meeting the mission needs of the organization. The framework is intended to be used in planning and coordinating systems research and development. It is expected the framework can also be used as a basis to help define expectations between organizations.
本文提出了航空运输企业空中交通管理(ATM)运行的初步高层架构框架。本文所包含的分析将ATM操作作为物流过程的一个特殊案例进行研究,并利用了运输理论的关键概念。用于开发高级架构的分析将ATM操作作为系统的社会技术系统(so)进行检查,其中将人与其他物理组件(如自动化和基础设施)一起作为系统的组成部分进行检查。该框架是使用系统方法开发的,并呈现了功能和数据的高级架构。它还提出了一组概念上的操作和服务水平需求。在本文中,我们以美国的ATM操作为例来说明高级框架的应用。随着越来越多的研究在广度和深度上进行,预计这种高级体系结构将得到发展。本文提出的框架旨在帮助航空利益相关者在满足组织任务需求的同时开发新能力。该框架旨在用于规划和协调系统研究与发展。预计该框架还可以用作帮助定义组织之间期望的基础。
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引用次数: 3
Architecture for multi-camera vision system for automated measurement of automotive components 汽车零部件自动测量用多摄像头视觉系统的体系结构
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549931
R. Lins, P. Kurka
This paper proposes the architecture of a multi-view cameras system with the purpose of online dimensional measuring of automotive components, specifically crankshafts. The introduction of a measuring vision system in a production line allows the dimensional quality control of all manufactured items, helping to optimize the process. The system consists of six digital cameras, positioned around the object, capturing different perspective images of the product. Processing of the images yields results of precise dimensional measurements of the product. The paper presents the ideas and algorithms used in the proposed measurement system, and virtual images simulation to access its operational and precision characteristics.
本文提出了一种多视点相机系统的结构,用于汽车零件,特别是曲轴的在线尺寸测量。在生产线中引入测量视觉系统,可以对所有制造产品进行尺寸质量控制,有助于优化流程。该系统由六台数码相机组成,放置在物体周围,捕捉产品的不同视角图像。图像的处理产生产品的精确尺寸测量结果。本文介绍了所提出的测量系统的思想和算法,并通过虚拟图像仿真来了解其操作和精度特性。
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引用次数: 8
Autonomous navigation of a small boat using IMU/GPS/digital compass integration 使用IMU/GPS/数字罗盘集成的小船自主导航
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549924
D. S. D. Santos, C. Nascimento, W. C. Cunha
This article shows how the problem of autonomous navigation of a small boat was formulated and solved. The boat is a catamaran equipped with two water wheels driven by DC motors. A look-up table controller is used to turn on and off the DC motors. Firstly it is shown how the Kalman filter algorithm was applied to estimate in real-time the boat position and heading, using the measurements from a low-cost IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), a standard GPS receiver and a digital compass. Then a mathematical model of the boat and simulation results for the sensor integration problem and for the boat controller, are discussed. Finally, the article shows how the proposed solution for the autonomous navigation problem was implemented and tested using an embedded computer and the sensors (IMU, GPS receptor and digital compass) aboard the boat.
本文介绍了小船自主导航问题的形成和解决方法。这艘船是一艘双体船,配备了两个由直流电机驱动的水轮。查找表控制器用于打开和关闭直流电机。首先,展示了如何应用卡尔曼滤波算法来实时估计船只的位置和航向,使用低成本的IMU(惯性测量单元),标准GPS接收机和数字罗盘的测量值。然后讨论了船的数学模型以及传感器集成问题和船控制器的仿真结果。最后,文章展示了如何使用嵌入式计算机和船上的传感器(IMU, GPS接收器和数字罗盘)实现和测试自主导航问题的解决方案。
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引用次数: 16
A content centric approach to energy efficient data dissemination 以内容为中心的节能数据传播方法
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549987
Peyman TalebiFard, H. Nicanfar, Victor C. M. Leung
Planet scale growth in deployment of mobile and interconnected devices interacting in a participatory sensing, collection and dissemination of information, have motivated interest in the Internet of Things. Therefore, the problem of information overload and big data becomes inherent. In this paper we intend to propose a methodology aiming at a lower processing overhead towards an energy efficient method for networking of information in larger systems. We consider a content-centric networking paradigm that is aimed at enhancing the dissemination of information and eliminating many problems of host based communication. The proposed method is based on a network coding approach which leverages the spectral characteristics of network topology. We argue that topology of interacting nodes within a cluster can influence the performance of network coding from a computational complexity perspective and therefore the overall energy consumption in a system. We propose an algorithm that takes an opportunistic strategy to utilize the social structure and spectral characteristics of the network topology based on our design of a multicast coding network that reduces the number of encoding nodes.
在参与式感知、信息收集和传播中,移动和互联设备的部署在全球范围内不断增长,激发了人们对物联网的兴趣。因此,信息超载和大数据问题成为必然。在本文中,我们打算提出一种方法,旨在降低处理开销,以实现大型系统中信息联网的节能方法。我们考虑了一个以内容为中心的网络范例,它旨在增强信息的传播并消除基于主机的通信的许多问题。该方法基于一种利用网络拓扑的频谱特性的网络编码方法。我们认为,从计算复杂性的角度来看,集群内相互作用节点的拓扑结构会影响网络编码的性能,从而影响系统中的总体能耗。基于我们设计的减少编码节点数量的组播编码网络,我们提出了一种利用网络拓扑的社会结构和频谱特征的机会策略的算法。
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引用次数: 7
Impacts of land managers' decisions on landuse transition within Missisquoi Watershed Vermont: An application of agent-based modeling system 佛蒙特州Missisquoi流域土地管理者决策对土地利用转型的影响:基于主体的建模系统应用
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549979
Yushiou Tsai, A. Zia, C. Koliba, J. Guilbert, G. Bucini, B. Beckage
The primary objective of this study is to identify macro emergent phenomena pertaining to landuse transitions within the Missisquoi Watershed, Vermont, by accounting for land managers' landuse decision making processes with respect to landscape characteristics, climate change scenarios and public policies. Due to the heterogeneity and the complexity of the interactions among human decision makers and potential trade-offs among natural and socio-economic losses and gains, a landuse transition agent-based model (LTABM) is developed to simulate landuse transitions with respect to several climate change scenarios and public policy interventions. It is expected that land managers' landuse decisions will be primarily dominated by profit maximizations, but also heavily driven by new technologies, risk perceptions and tax and subsidy policies. The results of this study will identify influential factors affecting landuse change, policy implementation hurdles, and alternate public policies leading to more sustainable landuse planning in the face of climate change.
本研究的主要目标是通过考虑土地管理者在景观特征、气候变化情景和公共政策方面的土地利用决策过程,确定与佛蒙特州Missisquoi流域土地利用转型有关的宏观新兴现象。由于人类决策者之间相互作用的异质性和复杂性,以及自然和社会经济损失与收益之间的潜在权衡,开发了一个基于土地利用转型主体的模型(LTABM)来模拟几种气候变化情景和公共政策干预下的土地利用转型。预计土地管理者的土地使用决定将主要受利润最大化的支配,但也会受到新技术、风险观念以及税收和补贴政策的严重影响。本研究的结果将确定影响土地利用变化的影响因素、政策实施障碍以及在面对气候变化时导致更可持续的土地利用规划的替代公共政策。
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引用次数: 2
Improving system reliability in optical networks by failure localization using evolutionary optimization 基于进化优化的光网络故障定位方法提高系统可靠性
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549912
K. Balázs, P. Soproni, L. Kóczy
This paper proposes a novel approach for cost-effective link failure localization in optical networks in order to improve the reliability of telecommunication systems. In such failure localization problems the optical network is usually represented by a graph, where the task is to form connected edge sets, so-called monitoring trails (m-trails), in a way that the failure of a link causes the failure of such a combination of m-trails, which unambiguously identifies the failed link. Every m-trail consumes a given amount of resources (like bandwidth, detectors, amplifiers, etc.). Thus, operators of optical network may prefer a set of paths, whose paths can be established in an easy and cost-effective way, while minimizing the interference with the route of the existing demands, i.e. may maximize the revenue. In this paper, unlike most existing techniques dealing with failure localization in this context, the presently proposed method considers a predefined set of paths in the graph as m-trails. This way the task can also be formulated as a special Set Covering Problem (SCP), whose general form is a frequently used formulation in a certain type of operations research problems (e.g. resource assignment). Since for the SCP task evolutionary algorithms, like Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), has been successfully applied in the operations research field, in this work the failure localization task is solved by using ACO on the SCP formulation of the described covering problem, which is a rather unique combination of approaches of different fields (telecommunication, operations research and evolutionary computation) placing our investigation in the multi-field scope of complex systems.
为了提高通信系统的可靠性,本文提出了一种经济有效的光网络链路故障定位方法。在这种故障定位问题中,光网络通常用一个图来表示,其中的任务是形成连接的边缘集,即所谓的监测轨迹(m-trails),以一种链路故障导致m-trails组合失效的方式,这种组合可以明确地识别故障链路。每条m-trail都消耗一定数量的资源(如带宽、检测器、放大器等)。因此,光网络运营商可能会选择一组路径,这些路径可以以一种简单、经济的方式建立,同时对现有需求的路由干扰最小,即可以实现收益最大化。在本文中,与大多数现有的处理这种情况下故障定位的技术不同,目前提出的方法将图中的一组预定义路径作为m-trails。这样,任务也可以表述为一个特殊的集合覆盖问题(SCP),其一般形式是某一类运筹学问题(如资源分配)中经常使用的表述。由于蚁群优化(Ant Colony Optimization, ACO)等SCP任务进化算法已成功应用于运筹学领域,本研究采用蚁群优化算法对所描述的覆盖问题的SCP表述进行故障定位任务求解,这是一种不同领域(电信、运筹学和进化计算)方法的独特结合,将我们的研究置于复杂系统的多领域范围内。
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引用次数: 1
Joint route planning for UAV and sensor network for data retrieval 面向数据检索的无人机与传感器网络联合航路规划
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549957
P. Sujit, D. Lucani, J. Sousa
Large scale data gathering from remote sensor networks is a key issue in many remote deployments. Manual data collection is difficult and sending ground robots to collect information can be complex due to uneven terrain. Alternately, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can be used to collect data from sensor networks. The UAV will fly over the sensors gathering the data. However, to minimize the flight time of the UAV and maximize the network lifetime, a joint route optimization for UAV and sensor network must be carried out. Additionally, the UAV has kinematic constraints and communication range limitations. Determining solution with these constraints is difficult and computationally intensive. In this paper, we propose a heuristic solution by decoupling the problem into four sub-problems. The first is to determine clusters of sensors with communication range limitations. The second is to efficiently connect the clusters. The third is to design the route inside the cluster that will maximize the information collection and the fourth is to design a path planner for the UAV for data collection. We show the proposed solution through an example.
在许多远程部署中,从遥感网络中大规模采集数据是一个关键问题。人工采集数据困难,由于地形不平坦,派遣地面机器人采集信息可能会很复杂。另外,无人驾驶飞行器(UAV)可以用于从传感器网络收集数据。无人机将飞越传感器收集数据。然而,为了最小化无人机的飞行时间和最大化网络寿命,必须对无人机和传感器网络进行联合航路优化。此外,无人机具有运动学约束和通信距离限制。确定具有这些约束的解是困难的,并且计算量很大。在本文中,我们提出了一种启发式解决方案,将问题解耦为四个子问题。首先是确定具有通信范围限制的传感器集群。二是高效连接集群。三是设计集群内部的路径,使信息收集最大化;四是为无人机设计路径规划器,进行数据收集。我们通过一个例子来展示所提出的解决方案。
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引用次数: 20
Layout-optimized sorting of goods with decentralized controlled conveying modules 通过分散控制的输送模块优化货物的布局
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549948
Z. Seibold, T. Stoll, K. Furmans
To increase flexibility in intralogistics, decentralized controlled material handling systems have been developed. We investigate the suitability of one of these systems, the FlexConveyor, for sorting of goods. The FlexConveyor is a material handling system built out of multiple, identical modules, each equipped with a controller. By communicating with each other, the modules are able to cooperate and to transport goods from any source to its specific destination. For sorting of goods, densely connected layouts promise high throughput while requiring little space. To compare different layouts, to identify bottlenecks and to draw conclusion about algorithm optimizations, we do a layout analysis partially based on methods coming from the network analysis of national transportation networks. The results of this layout analysis are compared to experimental results of a discrete event simulation model.
为了增加内部物流的灵活性,分散控制的物料处理系统已经开发出来。我们调查了其中一个系统的适用性,FlexConveyor,用于货物分类。FlexConveyor是一种物料搬运系统,由多个相同的模块组成,每个模块都配备一个控制器。通过相互通信,这些模块能够进行合作,将货物从任何来源运输到特定的目的地。对于货物分拣,密集连接的布局保证了高吞吐量,而只需要很少的空间。为了比较不同的布局,识别瓶颈并得出算法优化的结论,我们部分基于国家交通网络网络分析的方法进行了布局分析。该布局分析结果与离散事件仿真模型的实验结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 16
Systems engineering for test: Implementation of test strategy & architecture at raytheon missile systems 测试系统工程:雷神导弹系统测试策略和体系结构的实现
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549898
J. Manas, L. Guise
A well conceived test strategy helps to create affordable products that provide our customers the capabilities they desire to do their jobs. Life Cycle Test strategies provide early awareness in defining concepts and objectives for product testing through all stages of the product life cycle. Without an adequate life cycle test strategy, product development may lose the focus required to deliver a reliable, cost effective and capable product to the customer. The unintended consequences associated with an ill defined test strategy include: · Excessive engineering and manufacturing tests and rework leading to excessive manufacturing costs · Out of phase failures during critical tests or manufacturing · Operational test failures due to poor system suitability · Expensive and late test equipment · Unaffordable All up Round Unit Production Costs (AUPC) This paper presents the approach used at Raytheon Missile Systems to develop a disciplined approach to test strategy & architecture.
一个精心设计的测试策略有助于创建可负担的产品,为我们的客户提供他们想要完成工作的能力。生命周期测试策略为在产品生命周期的所有阶段定义产品测试的概念和目标提供了早期意识。如果没有适当的生命周期测试策略,产品开发可能会失去向客户交付可靠、成本有效和有能力的产品所需的重点。与定义不明确的测试策略相关的意外后果包括:·过多的工程和制造测试以及返工导致过高的制造成本·关键测试或制造期间的非阶段故障·由于系统适用性差而导致的操作测试失败·昂贵和滞后的测试设备·无法负担的全面单元生产成本(AUPC)本文介绍了雷神导弹系统公司用于开发测试策略和架构的有纪律方法的方法。
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引用次数: 2
Risk management in large scale underground infrastructures 大型地下基础设施风险管理
Pub Date : 2013-04-15 DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549991
K. Helmholt, W. Courage
Underground infrastructures can fail due to ground movements. Due to the underground nature this is difficult to detect above ground. In a collaboration of multiple research institutes a new approach has been developed to estimate the probability of failure using underground position sensors. A Proof of Principle monitoring system was developed to reduce uncertainty with respect to the feasibility of such a system. It consists of a set of interacting subsystems from different experts and takes into account uncertainty of different (sometimes correlated) subsystem variables. In this paper we describe the approach itself and its rationale. We expect his system to be used in the future for risk management. Emphasis in this paper is on the integration of subsystems and fields of expertise.
地下基础设施可能因地面运动而失效。由于其地下性质,在地面上很难探测到。在多个研究机构的合作下,开发了一种利用地下位置传感器估计故障概率的新方法。开发了一个原理验证监测系统,以减少这种系统可行性方面的不确定性。它由来自不同专家的一组相互作用的子系统组成,并考虑到不同(有时是相关的)子系统变量的不确定性。在本文中,我们描述了该方法本身及其基本原理。我们希望他的系统将来能用于风险管理。本文的重点是子系统和专业领域的集成。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)
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