Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337655
D. Humphrey, V. Fusco
Arrays of coupled active antenna oscillators can be used for power-combining at microwave and millimetre-wave frequencies. It is known that the relative phase angle between active antenna oscillators placed in an array and hence their far-field radiation pattern can have certain discrete values depending on the separation distance between elements. Thus in order to characterise an active array an accurate method of evaluating the coupling between oscillators and a knowledge of the available modes that exist within the array are required. In this paper the available modes for an array of mutually coupled active antenna elements are evaluated by examination of the eigenvectors of the impedance matrix of the passive element components in the active array. Time domain numerical simulations are performed and the resulting predictions compared to those obtained by experiment and by the eigenvalue approach.
{"title":"Eigenvalue mode confirmation in a mutually coupled active antenna chain array","authors":"D. Humphrey, V. Fusco","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337655","url":null,"abstract":"Arrays of coupled active antenna oscillators can be used for power-combining at microwave and millimetre-wave frequencies. It is known that the relative phase angle between active antenna oscillators placed in an array and hence their far-field radiation pattern can have certain discrete values depending on the separation distance between elements. Thus in order to characterise an active array an accurate method of evaluating the coupling between oscillators and a knowledge of the available modes that exist within the array are required. In this paper the available modes for an array of mutually coupled active antenna elements are evaluated by examination of the eigenvectors of the impedance matrix of the passive element components in the active array. Time domain numerical simulations are performed and the resulting predictions compared to those obtained by experiment and by the eigenvalue approach.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"265 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122535545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337602
S. Denis, C. Person, S. Toutain, B. Theron, S. Vigneron
Current microwave communication systems need high-performance narrow-band bandpass filters of size who is compatible with devices including MIC or MMIC components. These needs are expressed especially in communication satellites where payload dimensions and weights are important criteria. Multiple coupled resonator filters are good candidates in this respect. Thanks to their ability to place transmission zeros near cut-off frequencies, high selectivity with a restricted number of resonators is obtained. This characteristic is of great interest in the case of narrow-band filters where losses are strongly related to the number of resonators. Nevertheless, making these filters with coupled microstrip resonators presents several difficulties due to the technology. In fact, the discontinuities presented in this topology and the velocity phase differences on parallel coupled lines make the synthesis of this kind of filter tedious. With the aim of answering this problem, a complete design procedure is presented in this paper which allows this kind of filter to be designed easily on any commercial microwave circuit simulator software. In order to validate particular elements incorporated in the procedure, a four order X-band filter was designed. This filter is intended to be inserted in a small size satellite transponder.
{"title":"A simple design procedure for microstrip resonator filters with a single pair of transmission zeros","authors":"S. Denis, C. Person, S. Toutain, B. Theron, S. Vigneron","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337602","url":null,"abstract":"Current microwave communication systems need high-performance narrow-band bandpass filters of size who is compatible with devices including MIC or MMIC components. These needs are expressed especially in communication satellites where payload dimensions and weights are important criteria. Multiple coupled resonator filters are good candidates in this respect. Thanks to their ability to place transmission zeros near cut-off frequencies, high selectivity with a restricted number of resonators is obtained. This characteristic is of great interest in the case of narrow-band filters where losses are strongly related to the number of resonators. Nevertheless, making these filters with coupled microstrip resonators presents several difficulties due to the technology. In fact, the discontinuities presented in this topology and the velocity phase differences on parallel coupled lines make the synthesis of this kind of filter tedious. With the aim of answering this problem, a complete design procedure is presented in this paper which allows this kind of filter to be designed easily on any commercial microwave circuit simulator software. In order to validate particular elements incorporated in the procedure, a four order X-band filter was designed. This filter is intended to be inserted in a small size satellite transponder.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130117935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337538
R. Stolle, B. Schiek
A new way of processing FMCW raw data is described, leading to a ranging uncertainty of ±0.2 mm in 500 MHz measurement bandwidth. The system is based on a low-cost scalar homodyne FMCW set-up and a FFT for signal processing. The reflection phase of each target is exploited for precision ranging. Our novel approach utilizes the reflection phase, but in contrast to a Hilbert Transform it is principally error-free. As compared to CW phase measurements our method is qualified for multiple target environments and has a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
{"title":"Precision ranging by phase processing of scalar homodyne FMCW raw data","authors":"R. Stolle, B. Schiek","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337538","url":null,"abstract":"A new way of processing FMCW raw data is described, leading to a ranging uncertainty of ±0.2 mm in 500 MHz measurement bandwidth. The system is based on a low-cost scalar homodyne FMCW set-up and a FFT for signal processing. The reflection phase of each target is exploited for precision ranging. Our novel approach utilizes the reflection phase, but in contrast to a Hilbert Transform it is principally error-free. As compared to CW phase measurements our method is qualified for multiple target environments and has a higher signal-to-noise ratio.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132430362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337530
N. Fel, C. Guimard, M. Et, E. Dupont-Nivet
A monolithic very broad-band phase shifter has been designed and fabricated with a 0.2 micron HEMT technology. The architecture of this phase shifter is based on vector modulation. Measurements demonstrate the ability to shift the phase of the incoming signal from 0 to 360° at frequencies ranging from 100 MHz to 2 GHz.
{"title":"A very broad-band analog phase shifter covering four frequency octaves","authors":"N. Fel, C. Guimard, M. Et, E. Dupont-Nivet","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337530","url":null,"abstract":"A monolithic very broad-band phase shifter has been designed and fabricated with a 0.2 micron HEMT technology. The architecture of this phase shifter is based on vector modulation. Measurements demonstrate the ability to shift the phase of the incoming signal from 0 to 360° at frequencies ranging from 100 MHz to 2 GHz.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127683996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337626
Xidong Wu, T. van Deventer
Digital and microwave IC's provide a high level of integration through multilayered technology which may introduce parasitic effects such as crosstalk and resonances. A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique is applied to analyze crosstalk in vertical transitions such as buried and through vias. Their parasitic contribution at high frequencies is studied here.
{"title":"Analysis of crosstalk in vertical interconnects","authors":"Xidong Wu, T. van Deventer","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337626","url":null,"abstract":"Digital and microwave IC's provide a high level of integration through multilayered technology which may introduce parasitic effects such as crosstalk and resonances. A finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique is applied to analyze crosstalk in vertical transitions such as buried and through vias. Their parasitic contribution at high frequencies is studied here.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128537734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337643
G. Vecchi, P. Pirinoli, L. Matekovits, M. Sereno-Garino, M. Orefice
In this paper techniques are presented, that permit an efficient full-wave analysis of printed structures with metalization of arbitrary shape, based on the electric field integral equation (EFIE) formulation and discretization by application of Method of Moments (MoM). For the analysis of a single element, the leading, frequency independent singular terms of the Green function are extracted and the part of impedance matrix associated to them is evaluated in space domain. The eigenfunctions of these terms are then used for expanding the regular part; they are entire-domain functions, defined for an arbitrary geometry, and incorporate the correct edge behavior: therefore only a reduced number of them is necessary to well represent the solution. For the application to arrays, the effort needed for the evaluation of the coupling integrals between two arbitrary functions on separated domains is reduced via a spectral domain formulation, with numerical integration along a path of rapid convergence. Application examples and validations are presented.
{"title":"Combined spatial and spectral techniques for the analysis of microstrip antennas","authors":"G. Vecchi, P. Pirinoli, L. Matekovits, M. Sereno-Garino, M. Orefice","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337643","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper techniques are presented, that permit an efficient full-wave analysis of printed structures with metalization of arbitrary shape, based on the electric field integral equation (EFIE) formulation and discretization by application of Method of Moments (MoM). For the analysis of a single element, the leading, frequency independent singular terms of the Green function are extracted and the part of impedance matrix associated to them is evaluated in space domain. The eigenfunctions of these terms are then used for expanding the regular part; they are entire-domain functions, defined for an arbitrary geometry, and incorporate the correct edge behavior: therefore only a reduced number of them is necessary to well represent the solution. For the application to arrays, the effort needed for the evaluation of the coupling integrals between two arbitrary functions on separated domains is reduced via a spectral domain formulation, with numerical integration along a path of rapid convergence. Application examples and validations are presented.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128789223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337658
A. R. Perkons, T. Itoh
This paper presents a microstrip fed Yagi-Uda slot array antenna as a new method of surface wave excitation in a dielectric slab. Construction of the antenna is compatible with planar fabrication technology. Measurements of input return loss, front-to-back ratio, and surface wave power distribution are presented.
{"title":"Surface wave excitation of a dieletric slab by a Yagi-Uda slot array antenna","authors":"A. R. Perkons, T. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337658","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a microstrip fed Yagi-Uda slot array antenna as a new method of surface wave excitation in a dielectric slab. Construction of the antenna is compatible with planar fabrication technology. Measurements of input return loss, front-to-back ratio, and surface wave power distribution are presented.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115989467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337581
L. Nagy, Z. Sandor, Z. Szabó, Tamas Csaba
An error analysis of the COST 231 Walfish-Ikegami model [1] proposed for urban area and the demonstration of a 3 dimensional deterministic wave propagation model are made in this paper. First the sensitivity of the COST 231 model to the uncertainty of the building parameters is analyzed and a modification in the application of the model that reduces the error caused by the irregular building structure is performed. The effect of the building database accuracy is also shown. The need for a more precise propagation model appears, and the first results from a 3D deterministic model based on the Uniform Theory of Diffraction are presented. The validity of the approximation in the calculation of the diffraction coefficients and the effect of the slope diffraction are investigated, and results of measurements of material parameter measurements necessary for the model are presented. The calculations are assessed by measurements at 900 MHz on a suitable part of Budapest.
{"title":"Urban Wave Propagation Models","authors":"L. Nagy, Z. Sandor, Z. Szabó, Tamas Csaba","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337581","url":null,"abstract":"An error analysis of the COST 231 Walfish-Ikegami model [1] proposed for urban area and the demonstration of a 3 dimensional deterministic wave propagation model are made in this paper. First the sensitivity of the COST 231 model to the uncertainty of the building parameters is analyzed and a modification in the application of the model that reduces the error caused by the irregular building structure is performed. The effect of the building database accuracy is also shown. The need for a more precise propagation model appears, and the first results from a 3D deterministic model based on the Uniform Theory of Diffraction are presented. The validity of the approximation in the calculation of the diffraction coefficients and the effect of the slope diffraction are investigated, and results of measurements of material parameter measurements necessary for the model are presented. The calculations are assessed by measurements at 900 MHz on a suitable part of Budapest.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125483860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337660
V. Bertrand, M. Lalande, B. Jecko
This paper deals with an electromagnetic analysis by FDTD method of exponentially tapered coplanar stripline (ETCS) antennas used for the material characterisation by spectroscopy technique. This analysis leads to the time and harmonic evolution of radiated fled at every point in the space. The effect of substrate thickness on radiation properties of ETCS antennas, radiation patterns are presented. The received signal is calculated and compared to the experimental signal.
{"title":"Electromagnetic analysis of exponentially tapered coplanar stripline antennas used in coherent microwave transient spectroscopy technique","authors":"V. Bertrand, M. Lalande, B. Jecko","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337660","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with an electromagnetic analysis by FDTD method of exponentially tapered coplanar stripline (ETCS) antennas used for the material characterisation by spectroscopy technique. This analysis leads to the time and harmonic evolution of radiated fled at every point in the space. The effect of substrate thickness on radiation properties of ETCS antennas, radiation patterns are presented. The received signal is calculated and compared to the experimental signal.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125083464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1996.337554
S. Chew, T. Itoh
A quasi-optical amplifier using narrow slot antenna is designed with high active device density. The natural coupling of the microstrip and slotline is exploited for power combining/dividing without any appreciable increase in circuit real-estate. Measured EIPG in the transmission mode agrees well with theoretical prediction.
{"title":"High active device density Quasi-Optical amplifier","authors":"S. Chew, T. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1996.337554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1996.337554","url":null,"abstract":"A quasi-optical amplifier using narrow slot antenna is designed with high active device density. The natural coupling of the microstrip and slotline is exploited for power combining/dividing without any appreciable increase in circuit real-estate. Measured EIPG in the transmission mode agrees well with theoretical prediction.","PeriodicalId":219101,"journal":{"name":"1996 26th European Microwave Conference","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121707702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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