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Survival benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy in Asian melanoma patients 前哨淋巴结活检对亚洲黑色素瘤患者的生存益处。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13113
Che-Chia Hsu, Yi-Hua Liao, Yi-Shuan Sheen

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) provides important prognostic information for early-stage melanomas. However, statistics regarding the survival comparison between SLNB and nodal observation in Asia, where acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) predominates, are limited. This study aimed to identify if SLNB offered survival benefits over nodal observation in early-stage melanomas in Taiwan. The retrospective study included 227 patients who met the SLNB criteria according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines and were treated at National Taiwan University Hospital from June 1997 to June 2021. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Of the study population, ALM accounted for 73.1%; 161 patients (70.9%) underwent SLNB and 66 patients (29.1%) were under nodal observation. Multivariate analysis showed significantly improved melanoma-specific survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.6; p = .02) in the SLNB group. Among those who underwent completion lymph node dissection (CLND), the non-sentinel node positivity rate was 44.4%. Immediate CLND resulted in significantly longer melanoma-specific survival and distant-metastasis-free survival (DMFS) compared to nodal observation. (HR, 0.2; p = .01 for melanoma-specific survival. HR, 0.3; p = .046 for DMFS). In conclusion, SLNB may provide survival benefits of cutaneous melanoma over nodal observation in the Taiwanese population.

前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB)为早期黑色素瘤提供了重要的预后信息。然而,关于SLNB和亚洲淋巴结观察之间生存率比较的统计数据是有限的,在亚洲,肢端扁豆状黑色素瘤(ALM)占主导地位。本研究旨在确定在台湾早期黑色素瘤中,SLNB是否比淋巴结观察提供生存益处。这项回顾性研究包括227名患者,他们根据国家癌症综合网络指南符合SLNB标准,并于1997年6月至2021年6月在国立台湾大学医院接受治疗。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox比例风险回归模型进行生存分析。在研究人群中,ALM占73.1%;161例(70.9%)接受了SLNB,66例(29.1%)接受了淋巴结观察。多因素分析显示,黑色素瘤特异性生存率显著提高(危险比[HR],0.6;p = .02)。在接受完全淋巴结清扫(CLND)的患者中,非前哨淋巴结阳性率为44.4%。与淋巴结观察相比,立即CLND可显著延长黑色素瘤特异性生存期和无远处转移生存期(DMFS)。(HR,0.2;p = .01用于黑色素瘤特异性生存。HR,0.3;p = .046用于DMFS)。总之,在台湾人群中,与淋巴结观察相比,SLNB可能提供皮肤黑色素瘤的生存益处。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic regulation of chromatin accessibility during melanocyte stem cell activation 黑素细胞干细胞活化过程中染色质可及性的动态调节。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13112
Seoyeon Lee, Luye An, Paul D. Soloway, Andrew C. White

Melanocyte stem cells (McSCs) of the hair follicle are necessary for hair pigmentation and can serve as melanoma cells of origin when harboring cancer-driving mutations. McSCs can be released from quiescence, activated, and undergo differentiation into pigment-producing melanocytes during the hair cycle or due to environmental stimuli, such as ultraviolet-B (UVB) exposure. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms regulating McSC stemness, activation, and differentiation remains limited. Here, to capture the differing possible states in which murine McSCs can exist, we sorted melanocyte nuclei from quiescent (telogen) skin, skin actively producing hair shafts (anagen), and skin exposed to UVB. With these sorted nuclei, we then utilized single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (snATAC-seq) and characterized three melanocyte lineages: quiescent McSCs (qMcSCs), activated McSCs (aMcSCs), and differentiated melanocytes (dMCs) that co-exist in all three skin conditions. Furthermore, we successfully identified differentially accessible genes and enriched transcription factor binding motifs for each melanocyte lineage. Our findings reveal potential gene regulators that determine these melanocyte cell states and provide new insights into how aMcSC chromatin states are regulated differently under divergent intrinsic and extrinsic cues. We also provide a publicly available online tool with a user-friendly interface to explore this comprehensive dataset, which will provide a resource for further studies on McSC regulation upon natural or UVB-mediated stem cell activation.

毛囊的黑色素细胞干细胞(McSC)是头发色素沉着所必需的,当携带癌症驱动的突变时,可以作为起源的黑色素瘤细胞。McSC可以在头发周期中或由于环境刺激(如紫外线-B(UVB)暴露)从静止状态释放、激活并分化为产生色素的黑素细胞。然而,我们目前对调节McSC干性、激活和分化的机制的理解仍然有限。在这里,为了捕捉小鼠McSC可能存在的不同可能状态,我们对静止(休止期)皮肤、活跃产生毛干的皮肤(生长期)和暴露于UVB的皮肤中的黑素细胞核进行了分类。利用这些分选的细胞核,我们利用单核分析法对转座酶可及的染色质进行高通量测序(snATAC-seq),并对三种黑素细胞谱系进行了表征:在所有三种皮肤条件下共存的静止型McSC(qMcSC)、活化型McSCs(aMcSC)和分化型黑素细胞(dMCs)。此外,我们成功地鉴定了每个黑素细胞谱系的差异可及基因,并富集了转录因子结合基序。我们的发现揭示了决定这些黑素细胞状态的潜在基因调节因子,并为aMcSC染色质状态如何在不同的内在和外在线索下受到不同调节提供了新的见解。我们还提供了一个具有用户友好界面的公开在线工具来探索这一全面的数据集,这将为进一步研究McSC对自然或UVB介导的干细胞激活的调节提供资源。
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引用次数: 0
Unsuspected consequences of synonymous and missense variants in can be detected in blood cell RNA samples of patients with albinism 在白化病患者的血细胞RNA样本中可以检测到同义和错义变异的意想不到的后果
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-09 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.07.23292371
V. Michaud, Angèle Sequeira, Elina Mercier, E. Lasseaux, C. Plaisant, S. Hadj-Rabia, S. Whalen, D. Bonneau, A. Dieux-Coeslier, F. Morice-Picard, Juliette Coursimault, B. Arveiler, S. Javerzat
Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 (OCA2) is the second most frequent form of albinism and represents about 30% of OCA worldwide. As with all types of OCA, patients present with hypopigmentation of hair and skin as well as severe visual abnormalities. We focused on a subgroup of 29 patients for whom genetic diagnosis was pending because at least one of their identified variants in or around exon 10 of is of uncertain significance (VUS). By minigene assay, we investigated the effect of these VUS on exon 10 skipping and showed that not only intronic but also some synonymous variants can result in enhanced exon skipping. We further found that excessive skipping of exon 10 could be detected directly on blood samples of patients and of their one parent with the causal variant, avoiding invasive skin biopsies. Moreover, we show that variants which result in lack of detectable mRNA can be identified from blood samples as well, as shown for the most common OCA2 pathogenic missense variant c.1327G>A/p.(Val443Ile). In conclusion, blood cell RNA analysis allows testing the potential effect of any OCA2 VUS on transcription products. This should help to elucidate yet unsolved OCA2 patients and improve genetic counseling.
2型眼皮肤白化病(OCA2)是白化病的第二常见形式,约占全球OCA的30%。与所有类型的OCA一样,患者表现为头发和皮肤色素沉着不足以及严重的视觉异常。我们关注了一个由29名患者组成的亚组,这些患者的基因诊断悬而未决,因为他们在的外显子10或其周围发现的至少一个变体具有不确定的意义(VUS)。通过小基因分析,我们研究了这些VUS对外显子10跳跃的影响,并表明不仅内含子,而且一些同义变体都会导致外显子跳跃增强。我们进一步发现,外显子10的过度跳过可以直接在具有因果变异的患者及其父母的血液样本上检测到,从而避免了侵入性皮肤活检。此外,我们发现,导致缺乏可检测mRNA的变体也可以从血液样本中鉴定出来,如最常见的OCA2致病性错义变体c.1327G>A/p所示。(Val443Ile)。总之,血细胞RNA分析可以测试任何OCA2-VUS对转录产物的潜在影响。这将有助于阐明尚未解决的OCA2患者,并改善遗传咨询。
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引用次数: 0
Neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio as a biomarker for clinical outcomes in advanced stage melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy 中性粒细胞与嗜酸性粒细胞比率作为接受抗PD-1治疗的晚期黑色素瘤患者临床结果的生物标志物。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13109
Vincent Pozorski, Yeonhee Park, Yusuf Mohamoud, Dahlia Tesfamichael, Hamid Emamekhoo, Alexander Birbrair, Mark R. Albertini, Vincent T. Ma

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) and eosinophil counts are associated with improved survival in melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, but no study has investigated neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratios (NER) as a predictive indicator in this population. In this retrospective study evaluating anti-PD-1 treated patients with advanced melanoma, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rates (ORR), and risk of high-grade (grade ≥3) immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were compared between groups defined by median pretreatment NLR and NER as well as median NLR and NER at 1-month post-treatment. Lower baseline NLR and NER were associated with improved OS [HR: 0.504, 95% CI: 0.328–0.773, p = .002 and HR: 0.442, 95% CI: 0.288–0.681, p < .001, respectively] on univariate testing. After accounting for multiple covariates, our multivariate analysis found that lower pretreatment NER was associated with better ORR (by irRECIST) (OR: 2.199, 95% CI: 1.071–4.582, p = .033) and improved OS (HR: 0.480, 95% CI: 0.296–0.777, p = .003). Baseline NLR, 1-month NLR, and 1-month NER were not associated with ORR, PFS, or OS outcomes; but 1-month NER correlated with lower risk of grade ≥3 irAEs (OR: 0.392, 95% CI: 0.165–0.895, p = .029). Our findings suggest baseline NER merits additional investigation as a novel prognostic marker for advanced melanoma patients receiving anti-PD-1-based regimens.

在接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的黑色素瘤患者中,中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率(NLR)和嗜酸性粒细胞计数与生存率的提高有关,但没有研究将中性粒细胞和嗜酸性细胞比率(NER)作为该人群的预测指标。在这项回顾性研究中,评估了抗PD-1治疗的晚期黑色素瘤患者、无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)、客观缓解率(ORR)和高级别(分级 ≥3) 比较由治疗前NLR和NER中位数以及治疗后1个月NLR和NER中位数定义的组之间的免疫相关不良事件(irAE)。较低的基线NLR和NER与OS改善相关[HR:0.504,95%CI:0.28-0.773,p = .002和HR:4.442,95%可信区间0.288-0.681,p
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引用次数: 0
Identification and characterization of the compound heterozygous variants of TYR gene in a northern Chinese family with Oculocutaneous albinism type 1 中国北方1型眼皮肤白化病家系TYR基因复合杂合变异体的鉴定与鉴定。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13111
Shuhan Si, Xueyuan Jia, Lidan Xu, Qian Qin, Jie Wu, Wei Ji, Kexian Dong, Xuelong Zhang, Lin Cao, Hao Wang, Peng Liu, Rongrong Wang, Jing Bai, Songbin Fu, Yun Huang, Wenjing Sun

Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disease and is most inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. The characteristic manifestation of OCA is due to disfunction of melanin synthesis. OCA1 is the most severe subtype of OCA and is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in tyrosinase (TYR) gene, which is the key gene for melanin synthesis. This study aimed to identify the genetic variants of a northern Chinese family with OCA1. Clinical information and peripheral blood samples were collected. PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing were used to detect the entire exons and adjacent flanking sequences of TYR gene. Functional prediction of variants was performed by various bioinformatic analyses, while the pathogenicity classification of variants was evaluated according to ACMG standards and guidelines. A missense variant NM_000372.5:c.107G > C;NP_000363.1:p.C36S was discovered in TYR gene which converted cysteine to serine. Another variant in intron, NM_000372.5:c.1037–7 T > A, also affected the function of TYR gene. We verified the pathogenicity of the intron variant with a pCAS2 mini-gene based splicing assay and found that c.1037–7 T > A led to an insertion of 5 bp upstream from the common acceptor site of exon 3, which caused a frameshift TYR:c.1037–7 T > A:p.G346Efs*11. The results showed that the compound heterozygous variants c.107G > C:p.C36S and c.1037–7 T > A:p.G346Efs*11 of TYR gene were the pathogenic variants for this OCA1 family.

眼部皮肤白化病(OCA)是一种遗传异质性疾病,大多数以常染色体隐性遗传方式遗传。OCA的特征性表现是由于黑色素合成功能紊乱。OCA1是OCA最严重的亚型,由酪氨酸酶(TYR)基因的纯合或复合杂合变体引起,酪氨酸酶是黑色素合成的关键基因。本研究旨在鉴定中国北方一个OCA1家族的遗传变异。收集临床资料和外周血样本。采用PCR扩增和Sanger测序方法检测TYR基因的全部外显子和相邻侧翼序列。通过各种生物信息学分析进行变异的功能预测,同时根据ACMG标准和指南评估变异的致病性分类。错义变体NM_000372.5:c.107G > CNP_000363.1:p.C36S是在TYR基因中发现的,该基因将半胱氨酸转化为丝氨酸。内含子中的另一个变体,NM_000372.5:c.1037-7 T > A、 也影响TYR基因的功能。我们用pCAS2小基因剪接试验验证了内含子变体的致病性,发现c.1037-7 T > A导致插入5 外显子3的共同受体位点上游的bp,其引起TYR:c.1037-7的移码 T > A: p.G346Efs*11.结果表明,复合杂合变异体c.107G > C: p.C36S和C.1037-7 T > A: TYR基因的p.G346Efs*11是该OCA1家族的致病性变体。
{"title":"Identification and characterization of the compound heterozygous variants of TYR gene in a northern Chinese family with Oculocutaneous albinism type 1","authors":"Shuhan Si,&nbsp;Xueyuan Jia,&nbsp;Lidan Xu,&nbsp;Qian Qin,&nbsp;Jie Wu,&nbsp;Wei Ji,&nbsp;Kexian Dong,&nbsp;Xuelong Zhang,&nbsp;Lin Cao,&nbsp;Hao Wang,&nbsp;Peng Liu,&nbsp;Rongrong Wang,&nbsp;Jing Bai,&nbsp;Songbin Fu,&nbsp;Yun Huang,&nbsp;Wenjing Sun","doi":"10.1111/pcmr.13111","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcmr.13111","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disease and is most inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. The characteristic manifestation of OCA is due to disfunction of melanin synthesis. OCA1 is the most severe subtype of OCA and is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in tyrosinase (TYR) gene, which is the key gene for melanin synthesis. This study aimed to identify the genetic variants of a northern Chinese family with OCA1. Clinical information and peripheral blood samples were collected. PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing were used to detect the entire exons and adjacent flanking sequences of <i>TYR</i> gene. Functional prediction of variants was performed by various bioinformatic analyses, while the pathogenicity classification of variants was evaluated according to ACMG standards and guidelines. A missense variant NM_000372.5:c.107G &gt; C;NP_000363.1:p.C36S was discovered in <i>TYR</i> gene which converted cysteine to serine. Another variant in intron, NM_000372.5:c.1037–7 T &gt; A, also affected the function of <i>TYR</i> gene. We verified the pathogenicity of the intron variant with a pCAS2 mini-gene based splicing assay and found that c.1037–7 T &gt; A led to an insertion of 5 bp upstream from the common acceptor site of exon 3, which caused a frameshift <i>TYR</i>:c.1037–7 T &gt; A:p.G346Efs*11. The results showed that the compound heterozygous variants c.107G &gt; C:p.C36S and c.1037–7 T &gt; A:p.G346Efs*11 of <i>TYR</i> gene were the pathogenic variants for this OCA1 family.</p>","PeriodicalId":219,"journal":{"name":"Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9752170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling the mystery of Riehl's melanosis: An update from pathogenesis, diagnosis to treatment 揭开瑞尔黑变病之谜:从发病机制、诊断到治疗的最新进展。
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13108
Yuecen Ding, Zhongyi Xu, Leihong Flora Xiang, Chengfeng Zhang

Riehl's melanosis is a hyperpigmentation disorder that has a significant psychological and social impact on individuals. In the past 10 years, new categories have been developed, raising questions about how to classify Riehl's melanosis. The mechanism of this disease remains unclear, although the type IV hypersensitivity response caused by allergic sensitization, as well as genetic, ultraviolet radiation, and autoimmune factors, is to blame. Clinical manifestation, dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, patch/photopatch testing, histopathology, and a novel multimodality skin imaging system have been used for the diagnosis. A variety of therapies including topical skin-lightening agents, oral tranexamic acid, glycyrrhizin compound, chemical peels, and lasers and light therapies (intense pulsed light, 1064-nm Q-Switched Nd: YAG laser, 755-nm PicoWay laser, nonablative 1927-nm fractional thulium fiber laser, new pulsed-type microneedling radiofrequency), with improved effectiveness. The latest findings on possible biomarkers and their relationship to other autoimmune diseases were also summarized.

瑞尔黑变病是一种色素沉着过度的疾病,对个体有重大的心理和社会影响。在过去10 多年来,新的分类已经被开发出来,这就提出了如何对瑞尔黑变病进行分类的问题。这种疾病的机制尚不清楚,尽管由过敏性致敏以及遗传、紫外线辐射和自身免疫因素引起的IV型超敏反应是罪魁祸首。临床表现、皮肤镜检查、反射共聚焦显微镜、贴片/光片测试、组织病理学和一种新型多模态皮肤成像系统已用于诊断。多种治疗方法,包括局部皮肤美白剂、口服氨甲环酸、甘草甜素化合物、化学果皮、激光和光疗法(强脉冲光、1064nm Q开关Nd:YAG激光、755nm PicoWay激光、1927 nm非烧蚀部分铊纤维激光、新型脉冲型微针射频),效果得到改善。还总结了可能的生物标志物及其与其他自身免疫性疾病的关系的最新发现。
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引用次数: 0
Prognostic biomarkers for survival in mucosal melanoma 粘膜黑色素瘤的预后生物标志物
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13104
Julia C. Thierauf, Stefan T. Kaluziak, Elizabeth Codd, Stacy N. Dybel, Soma Jobbagy, Rashi Purohit, Alex A. Farahani, Aikaterini Dedeilia, Vivek Naranbhai, Mai P. Hoang, Adam S. Fisch, Lauren Ritterhouse, Genevieve M. Boland, Jochen K. Lennerz, A. John Iafrate

Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare subtype of melanoma with an aggressive clinical course. In cutaneous melanoma (CM), the absence of pigmentation and presence of NRAS/KRAS mutations are biomarkers indicating an aggressive clinical course with shorter overall survival. Similar data for MM are missing. We present the real-world outcome data in a cohort of genotyped MM patients and assessed the prognostic relevance of pigmentation- and NRAS/KRAS mutation status. We correlated pathological reports and clinical data with overall survival of patients with MM. Furthermore, we performed clinically integrated molecular genotyping and analyzed real world treatment regimens for covariates associated with clinical outcome. We identified 39 patients with available clinical and molecular data. Patients with amelanotic MM had a significantly shorter overall survival (p = .003). In addition, the presence of a NRAS or KRAS mutation was significantly associated with poor overall survival (NRAS or KRAS p = .024). Currently, it is unknown if the same prognostic relevance for the lack of pigmentation and RAS mutations in CM, exists in MM. Here we analyzed a cohort of MM for outcome measures and determined that two known prognostic biomarkers for CM are in fact novel prognosticators for MM.

黏膜黑色素瘤(MM)是一种罕见的黑色素瘤亚型,具有侵袭性的临床病程。在皮肤黑色素瘤(CM)中,色素沉着的缺失和NRAS/KRAS突变的存在是表明侵袭性临床病程和较短总生存期的生物标志物。MM的类似数据缺失。我们提供了一组基因型MM患者的真实结果数据,并评估了色素沉着和NRAS/KRAS突变状态与预后的相关性。我们将病理报告和临床数据与MM患者的总生存期联系起来。此外,我们进行了临床整合的分子基因分型,并分析了与临床结果相关的实际治疗方案。我们确定了39例具有可用临床和分子数据的患者。无色性MM患者的总生存期明显缩短(p = 0.003)。此外,NRAS或KRAS突变的存在与较差的总生存率显著相关(NRAS或KRAS p = 0.024)。目前,尚不清楚CM中缺乏色素沉着和RAS突变是否与MM存在相同的预后相关性。在这里,我们分析了MM队列的结果测量,并确定两个已知的CM预后生物标志物实际上是MM的新预后指标。
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引用次数: 0
The OSUMMER lines: A series of ultraviolet-accelerated NRAS-mutant mouse melanoma cell lines syngeneic to C57BL/6 OSUMMER系:一系列与C57BL/6同源的紫外加速nras突变小鼠黑色素瘤细胞系
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13107
Brandon M. Murphy, Daelin M. Jensen, Tiffany E. Arnold, Renan Aguilar-Valenzuela, Jase Hughes, Valentina Posada, Kimberly T. Nguyen, Vi T. Chu, Kenneth Y. Tsai, Craig J. Burd, Christin E. Burd

An increasing number of cancer subtypes are treated with front-line immunotherapy. However, approaches to overcome primary and acquired resistance remain limited. Preclinical mouse models are often used to investigate resistance mechanisms, novel drug combinations, and delivery methods; yet most of these models lack the genetic diversity and mutational patterns observed in human tumors. Here we describe a series of 13 C57BL/6J melanoma cell lines to address this gap in the field. The Ohio State University-Moffitt Melanoma Exposed to Radiation (OSUMMER) cell lines are derived from mice expressing endogenous, melanocyte-specific, and clinically relevant Nras driver mutations (Q61R, Q61K, or Q61L). Exposure of these animals to a single, non-burning dose of ultraviolet B accelerates the onset of spontaneous melanomas with mutational patterns akin to human disease. Furthermore, in vivo irradiation selects against potent tumor antigens, which could prevent the outgrowth of syngeneic cell transfers. Each OSUMMER cell line possesses distinct in vitro growth properties, trametinib sensitivity, mutational signatures, and predicted antigenicity. Analysis of OSUMMER allografts shows a correlation between strong, predicted antigenicity and poor tumor outgrowth. These data suggest that the OSUMMER lines will be a valuable tool for modeling the heterogeneous responses of human melanomas to targeted and immune-based therapies.

越来越多的癌症亚型采用一线免疫疗法治疗。然而,克服原发性和获得性耐药性的方法仍然有限。临床前小鼠模型常用于研究耐药机制、新药物组合和给药方法;然而,大多数这些模型缺乏在人类肿瘤中观察到的遗传多样性和突变模式。在这里,我们描述了一系列13个C57BL/6J黑色素瘤细胞系,以解决该领域的这一空白。俄亥俄州立大学moffitt黑色素瘤暴露于辐射(OSUMMER)细胞系来源于表达内源性,黑色素细胞特异性和临床相关的Nras驱动突变(Q61R, Q61K或Q61L)的小鼠。将这些动物暴露于单一、非燃烧剂量的紫外线B会加速自发黑色素瘤的发生,其突变模式类似于人类疾病。此外,体内辐照选择了有效的肿瘤抗原,这可以阻止同基因细胞转移的生长。每个OSUMMER细胞系都具有不同的体外生长特性、曲美替尼敏感性、突变特征和预测抗原性。对OSUMMER同种异体移植物的分析显示,预测的强抗原性与肿瘤生长不良之间存在相关性。这些数据表明,OSUMMER细胞系将成为模拟人类黑色素瘤对靶向和免疫治疗的异质反应的有价值的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Melanoma and subcutaneous adipose tissue: Role of peritumoral adipokines in disease characterization and prognosis 黑色素瘤和皮下脂肪组织:瘤周脂肪因子在疾病表征和预后中的作用
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13103
Elisa Molinelli, Gabriele Ceccarelli, Sonia Fantone, Eleonora Di?Mercurio, Daisy Gambini, Andrea Maurizi, Jessica Perugini, Giovanni Tossetta, Valerio Brisigotti, Edoardo De?Simoni, Claudia Sapigni, Giulio Rizzetto, Anna Campanati, Oriana Simonetti, Daniela Marzioni, Annamaria Offidani

In the last decades, the concept of adipose organ has emerged, giving adipose tissue an active endocrine and immunologic function through the secretion of multiple cytokines and chemokines that seem to be implicated in the development and progression of several cancer, including cutaneous melanoma. In this pilot experimental study, we analyzed the expression in the peritumor subcutaneous adipose tissue of the most significant adipokines involved in the processes of carcinogenesis and metastasis in a population of melanoma patients and in two control groups composed of melanocytic nevi and epidermoid cysts, respectively. We correlated the results obtained with the main disease prognostic factors observing a statistically significant increase in the expression of PAI1, LEP, CXCL1, NAMPT, and TNF-α at the level of the peritumor tissue of the melanoma samples compared to the control groups and a correlation of the same with the histopathological prognostic factor of melanoma. Our preliminary study shows that the overexpression of PAI1, LEP, CXCL1, NAMPT, and TNF-α may contribute to the growth and to the local aggressiveness of cutaneous melanoma. It opens the hypothesis of a direct oncogenic role of subcutaneous adipose tissue and adipokines in the tumorigenesis of melanoma.

在过去的几十年里,脂肪器官的概念已经出现,通过分泌多种细胞因子和趋化因子,脂肪组织具有活跃的内分泌和免疫功能,这些细胞因子和趋化因子似乎与几种癌症的发生和进展有关,包括皮肤黑色素瘤。在这项前期实验研究中,我们分析了在黑色素瘤患者群体和由黑素细胞痣和表皮样囊肿组成的两个对照组中,参与癌变和转移过程的最重要的脂肪因子在瘤周皮下脂肪组织中的表达。我们将得到的结果与主要疾病预后因素相关联,观察到与对照组相比,黑色素瘤样本瘤周组织水平上PAI1、LEP、CXCL1、NAMPT和TNF-α的表达具有统计学意义,并且与黑色素瘤的组织病理学预后因素具有相同的相关性。我们的初步研究表明,过表达的PAI1, LEP, CXCL1, NAMPT和TNF-α可能有助于皮肤黑色素瘤的生长和局部侵袭性。它开启了皮下脂肪组织和脂肪因子在黑色素瘤发生中的直接致癌作用的假设。
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引用次数: 0
Revisiting the role of varicella zoster virus in segmental vitiligo 重新审视水痘带状疱疹病毒在节段性白癜风中的作用
IF 4.3 3区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13105
Rhea Ahuja, Shivangi Garg, Somesh Gupta
basic
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Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research
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