Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19182/perspective/36887
T. Bakker, A. Poisot, K. Roesch
The agroecological transition implies rethinking the way farmers are supported in their changes in practices. Farmer Field Schools are an effective mechanism in this respect, since they build farmers’ capacity to experiment, to produce knowledge and to innovate independently. However, it is essential that these advisory services are correctly implemented, which has implications for the research and development community. A study conducted in sub-Saharan Africa shows that after taking part in Farmer Field Schools, farmers are more likely to make changes on their own farms if they have been involved in the decision-making process for the Farmer Field School. These changes can be highlighted by qualitative assessment methods centred on the contribution to impact. Farmer Field Schools also stand to gain from including women, young people and the poorest farmers, categories that are often excluded from conventional agricultural advisory services, but recognised as drivers of agroecological innovation. Finally, there must be room for the objectives of Farmer Field Schools to evolve over time, in order to adjust to local conditions, whether environmental or socio-economic.
{"title":"Farmer Field Schools: building capacities to achieve a successful agroecological transition","authors":"T. Bakker, A. Poisot, K. Roesch","doi":"10.19182/perspective/36887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19182/perspective/36887","url":null,"abstract":"The agroecological transition implies rethinking the way farmers are supported in their changes in practices. Farmer Field Schools are an effective mechanism in this respect, since they build farmers’ capacity to experiment, to produce knowledge and to innovate independently. However, it is essential that these advisory services are correctly implemented, which has implications for the research and development community. A study conducted in sub-Saharan Africa shows that after taking part in Farmer Field Schools, farmers are more likely to make changes on their own farms if they have been involved in the decision-making process for the Farmer Field School. These changes can be highlighted by qualitative assessment methods centred on the contribution to impact. Farmer Field Schools also stand to gain from including women, young people and the poorest farmers, categories that are often excluded from conventional agricultural advisory services, but recognised as drivers of agroecological innovation. Finally, there must be room for the objectives of Farmer Field Schools to evolve over time, in order to adjust to local conditions, whether environmental or socio-economic.","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81773831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19182/perspective/36932
É. Malézieux, D. Beillouin, D. Makowski
Today, major changes are required in global agricultural systems to produce enough healthy food for all, while preserving the quality of land, air and water and safeguarding biodiversity. But producing enough while simultaneously protecting the environment is a particularly complex equation. Agroecology, a key principle of which is the use of agricultural biodiversity, is a promising pathway to achieve these changes. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evidence demonstrates the agricultural and environmental effectiveness of agroecological practices and confirms their capacity to meet the demands of global production in the long term. Among the possible diversification strategies, agroforestry, intercropping and crop rotation can all significantly increase production and enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services (soil quality, pest and disease control, water use and quality). This evidence can serve as a basis for new public policies to be introduced from the local to the global level. The implementation of such policies is crucial in climate-vulnerable regions where demand for food is growing, such sub-Saharan Africa.
{"title":"Feeding the world better: crop diversification to build sustainable food systems","authors":"É. Malézieux, D. Beillouin, D. Makowski","doi":"10.19182/perspective/36932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19182/perspective/36932","url":null,"abstract":"Today, major changes are required in global agricultural systems to produce enough healthy food for all, while preserving the quality of land, air and water and safeguarding biodiversity. But producing enough while simultaneously protecting the environment is a particularly complex equation. Agroecology, a key principle of which is the use of agricultural biodiversity, is a promising pathway to achieve these changes. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evidence demonstrates the agricultural and environmental effectiveness of agroecological practices and confirms their capacity to meet the demands of global production in the long term. Among the possible diversification strategies, agroforestry, intercropping and crop rotation can all significantly increase production and enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services (soil quality, pest and disease control, water use and quality). This evidence can serve as a basis for new public policies to be introduced from the local to the global level. The implementation of such policies is crucial in climate-vulnerable regions where demand for food is growing, such sub-Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87842179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19182/perspective/36931
Eric Malézieux, Damien Beillouin, David Makowski
Aujourd’hui, d’importantes mutations de l’agriculture mondiale sont nécessaires pour produire suffisamment d’aliments sains pour tous, tout en préservant la qualité des terres, de l’air et de l’eau et en sauvegardant la biodiversité. Mais produire suffisamment et préserver en même temps l’environnement est une équation particulièrement complexe à résoudre. Les pratiques agroécologiques, dont un principe essentiel est l’usage de la biodiversité cultivée, constituent une voie prometteuse pour assurer ces mutations. De nombreuses preuves qualitatives et quantitatives montrent leur efficacité sur les plans agricole et environnemental et confirment leur capacité à répondre aux impératifs de production mondiale sur le long terme. Parmi les voies possibles de diversification, l’agroforesterie, les cultures associées et la rotation des cultures permettent d’augmenter significativement la production et favorisent la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques fournis — qualité du sol, contrôle des maladies et ravageurs, qualité et usage de l’eau. Ces preuves permettent de fonder de nouvelles politiques publiques à mettre en œuvre des échelles locales à l’échelle mondiale. La réalisation de telles politiques est cruciale dans les régions vulnérables au changement climatique et dont les besoins alimentaires sont en augmentation, comme l’Afrique subsaharienne.
{"title":"Mieux nourrir la planète : diversifier les cultures pour construire des systèmes alimentaires durables","authors":"Eric Malézieux, Damien Beillouin, David Makowski","doi":"10.19182/perspective/36931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19182/perspective/36931","url":null,"abstract":"Aujourd’hui, d’importantes mutations de l’agriculture mondiale sont nécessaires pour produire suffisamment d’aliments sains pour tous, tout en préservant la qualité des terres, de l’air et de l’eau et en sauvegardant la biodiversité. Mais produire suffisamment et préserver en même temps l’environnement est une équation particulièrement complexe à résoudre. Les pratiques agroécologiques, dont un principe essentiel est l’usage de la biodiversité cultivée, constituent une voie prometteuse pour assurer ces mutations. De nombreuses preuves qualitatives et quantitatives montrent leur efficacité sur les plans agricole et environnemental et confirment leur capacité à répondre aux impératifs de production mondiale sur le long terme. Parmi les voies possibles de diversification, l’agroforesterie, les cultures associées et la rotation des cultures permettent d’augmenter significativement la production et favorisent la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques fournis — qualité du sol, contrôle des maladies et ravageurs, qualité et usage de l’eau. Ces preuves permettent de fonder de nouvelles politiques publiques à mettre en œuvre des échelles locales à l’échelle mondiale. La réalisation de telles politiques est cruciale dans les régions vulnérables au changement climatique et dont les besoins alimentaires sont en augmentation, comme l’Afrique subsaharienne.","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"39 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89486299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.4000/perspective.24955
Tiphaine Abenia, M. Chénin, Christopher Dell, Matthieu Duperrex, Daniel Estévez, Marion Howa, F. Léglise
{"title":"Une architecture performative","authors":"Tiphaine Abenia, M. Chénin, Christopher Dell, Matthieu Duperrex, Daniel Estévez, Marion Howa, F. Léglise","doi":"10.4000/perspective.24955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/perspective.24955","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75471783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.4000/perspective.24706
J. Demoule, Martin Devecka, Rémi Hadad, Andrew Hui, Paul Landauer, A. Schnapp, Susan Stewart
{"title":"On n’échappe pas aux ruines, « c’est que l’homme s’assied où la cendre de l’homme repose1 »","authors":"J. Demoule, Martin Devecka, Rémi Hadad, Andrew Hui, Paul Landauer, A. Schnapp, Susan Stewart","doi":"10.4000/perspective.24706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/perspective.24706","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72835283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.4000/perspective.25785
Émilie Hammen
{"title":"Museum of Modern Art, 1944 : l’habit selon l’architecte Bernard Rudofsky","authors":"Émilie Hammen","doi":"10.4000/perspective.25785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/perspective.25785","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81064465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.4000/perspective.25625
Pascal Griener
{"title":"Une expérience de l’espace dans l’histoire culturelle : Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897)","authors":"Pascal Griener","doi":"10.4000/perspective.25625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/perspective.25625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88290769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.4000/perspective.25690
J. Garric
{"title":"Imaginer la maison méditerranéenne en France à la période contemporaine","authors":"J. Garric","doi":"10.4000/perspective.25690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/perspective.25690","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75001992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.4000/perspective.25185
Monique Eleb, Estelle Thibault
{"title":"Écrire une histoire de l’architecture de la vie privée","authors":"Monique Eleb, Estelle Thibault","doi":"10.4000/perspective.25185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/perspective.25185","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75946812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.4000/perspective.25885
Margaret Freeman
{"title":"Rendre leur âme aux fantômes : nomadisme et hantologie de l’architecture chez les Bédouins","authors":"Margaret Freeman","doi":"10.4000/perspective.25885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/perspective.25885","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22077,"journal":{"name":"STEP perspective","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87261927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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