Swedish dental journal最新文献

The aim of this randomized, double-blind, cross-over pilot study was to evaluate the effect on plaque formation and patient experience of rinsing after periodontal surgery using chlorhexidine solution with or without alcohol. Twenty patients refrained from tooth brushing after surgery and used two mouth rinses.Ten patients used alcohol-based (AB) 0.1% and another ten used alcohol-free (AF) 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX). Sutures were removed after 2 weeks and teeth were cleaned; thereafter, the two groups shifted solution. Plaque at operated teeth was recorded at 2 and 4 weeks (Quigley-Hein Index). Patient experience was assessed with a visual analogue scale (0-10). Mean (SD) plaque indices at 2 and 4 weeks were 1.0 (0.8) and 1.1 (1.0) for AB CHX and 1.1 (0.7) and 0.8 (0.7) for AF CHX, respectively (no significant differences between solutions). At 2 weeks, between-group differences in taste experience of the solutions differed non-significantly: 6.1 (2.8) for AB and 6.0 (2.3) for AF. At 4 weeks, values were 4.6 (2.5) for AB and 6.9 (3.3) for AF-patients tended to prefer AF (p = 0.050). Taste change over the study period was equal for both groups: -37 (3.3) for AB and 3.4 (2.3) for AF at 2 weeks and slightly higher at 4 weeks 4.9 (2.8) and 4.5 (2.5) for AB and AF, respectively. Smarting was low in both groups: 2.2 (3.2) and 1.3 (2.2) for AB and 1.0 (1.5) and 1.9 (2.0) for AF at 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. To conclude, alcohol-free and alcohol-based chlorhexidine showed the same plaque inhibitory effect in periodontal patients after periodontal surgery. Both rinses were well tolerated by the patients.

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) made in a Chinese dental laboratory with corresponding FPDs made in Swedish dental laboratories. Twenty-one patients were fitted with FPDs between March 2007 and December 2008. Single crowns and prostheses of up to seven units were made. All dentures, gold and CoCr alloys covered with ceramic, were produced in duplicate: one by a dental technician in China and the other by a dental technician in Sweden. The dentures were blind-tested with regard to marginal integrity, anatomic form and color, approximal and occlusal contacts, and time taken for adjustments. The composition of dentures was analyzed, and the material used, framework weight, compliance of the laboratories, and costs (material and labour) were recorded. There was no difference in the quality of marginal integrity, anatomic form, color, approximal and occlusal contacts, or in the time taken for adjustments. The bridge frameworks made in China were thinner and lighter (p<0.01) than those made in Sweden. Three FPDs from China showed elastic deformation when tested clinically and were considered too thin for clinical use. In 11 out of 14 orders from the Chinese laboratory, the gold alloy specified was not delivered and the cobalt-chromium alloy contained small amounts (0.19%) of nickel.The prostheses with gold-alloy frameworks from China cost 47% of those from Sweden (p<0.01) and those with cobalt/chromium frameworks 44% (p<0.01). In conclusion, the quality of the FPDs made in Sweden and China was comparable, with the exception of the dimension of the Chinese bridges, which in some cases was considered too weak. The gold alloy ordered from the Chinese laboratory was often not the alloy delivered and the CoCr alloy contained small amounts of nickel. FPDs from China cost less than half the price of those from Sweden.

Dental agenesis may be present in an isolated familiar manner, or occur as a part of a syndrome.To date, this clinical trait seems to have been overlooked in patients with Crouzon syndrome.The aim of the present study was to investigate dental agenesis and dental agenesis patterns in a population of persons with Crouzon syndrome in Sweden. Serial panoramic radiographs of 26 individuals with Crouzon syndrome (20 males, 6 females) were examined.Third molars were excluded from the assessment. The prevalence of agenesis for at least one tooth was 42.3%. Each affected patient was found to have up to 5 missing teeth. Upper and lower second premolars were the most frequently congenitally missing teeth. Eleven dental agenesis patterns of the entire dentition were identified, as described by the tooth agenesis code (TAC). All patterns were unique and asymmetric,with only one exception, a symmetric pattern of the maxillary and mandibular second premolars. In conclusion, persons with Crouzon syndrome were found to have a high prevalence of dental agenesis and a remarkable variability of dental agenesis patterns. It is important to be aware of this clinical situation, especially when orthodontic treatment planning for these patients is performed as early as in the mixed dentition.

The responses of cell types in peri-implant tissues to cobalt-chrome and titanium were studied in vitro. Cylinders were made from both a cobalt-chrome alloy and commercially pure titanium (length 6 mm, diameter 7.9 mm). Plastic tubes were placed over the cylinders to create cell culture wells, in which human epithelial cells or mouse fibroblasts were cultivated. Cell viability was studied using the Alamar Blue method. The surface structure of two samples of each material was analyzed with optical interferometry. The morphology of cells grown on cylinders of each material was studied with scanning electronic microscopy. Epithelial cells and fibroblasts in the titanium group were more viable than those in the cobalt-chrome group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.000, respectively). The titanium surfaces had a greater height deviation (S(a), p = 0.027) but were less dense (S(ds), p = 0.044) than the cobalt-chrome group. The scanning electronic microscopy revealed no major deviations from normal cell morphology. Within the limitations of the present study, the findings indicate that epithelial cells as well as fibroblasts have a stronger negative response to cobalt-chrome alloy than to titanium. We suggest that these differences can be explained only bythe material per se and not by the minor differences in surface structure. Further and clinical studies are needed to confirm the significance of these findings.

The objectives of the study were to analyse changes in tooth mortality among adults in Västerbotten County, Sweden, between 1990 and 2002 and determine whether socioeconomic factors, general health, smoking, and dental care habits influenced tooth mortality. The study was based on samples drawn from the adult population in Västerbotten County in 1990 and 2002. The studied age groups were 35-, 50-, and 65-year-olds. In 2002 75-year-olds were included. The surveys comprised a clinical examination and a questionnaire.The latter focused on oro-facial symptoms, socioeconomic factors, general health, smoking, and dental care habits. Complete data were obtained from 715 individuals in 1990 and from 768 individuals in 2002.Variables used to depict tooth mortality were edentulousness, occlusal supporting zones (Eichner index), and number of teeth. The prevalence of edentulousness in Västerbotten County decreased from 12.7% in 1990 to 3.7% in 2002 (P < 0.001). The mean number of teeth increased in all age groups between 1990 and 2002, and so did the number of individuals with tooth contact in all occlusal supporting zones and no gaps between teeth. Low educational level, weak economic status, smoking, and irregular visits to the dental clinic were all significantly related to increased tooth mortality. Between 1990 and 2002 tooth mortality decreased significantly in the adult population of Västerbotten County, Sweden. Cross-sectional analysis identified socioeconomic factors, smoking, and irregular use of dental care services as being related to tooth mortality in both 1990 and 2002.

Unlabelled: The aim was to describe how the adult population in Skåne, Sweden, perceived their oral health, dental status, oral treatment need and use of oral health care. A questionnaire was sent to a randomly selected sample of 10 000 persons in Skåne, Sweden. The individuals were between 20 and 89 years old and registered as residents of the region during 2006. After excluding those no longer living in the region, 9 690 individuals remained. The response rate to the questionnaire was 63%, of which 57% were women and 43% men.A majority was satisfied with their teeth and with their teeth's appearance, 65% and 62% respectively. Of the respondents, 35% considered their dental health to be better than others in their age group. Symptoms associated with periodontitis were experienced by 40%. 7% were missing more than ten teeth while 7% had no dental fillings. 30% rated their need of dental treatment as high and most expected their treatment need to increase in the future. Most of the respondents, 60%, received their oral care at a private practice, whereas 13% did not see a dentist regularly for check-ups. More women than men perceived a high dental treatment need, 32% compared to 28%.

Conclusions: A majority of the adult population in Skåne have a positive attitude towards their oral health. Most individuals had lost few teeth and removable dentures were uncommon.A third rated their dental treatment need as high and most expected their treatment need to increase in the future..

The aim of this study was to investigate if periodontal parameters and elastase in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are different in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficient (AATD) subjects compared to subjects with normal AAT level. Thirty subjects were included, 20 of whom with severe AATD, phenotype PiZZ. Ten AATD subjects suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, group 1) and 10 were asymptomatic (group 2). Ten control subjects, phenotype PiMM, (group 3) were recruited from a public dental clinic. The examination comprised of sampling of GCF, Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PlI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and radiography. GCF was collected with paper strips (Periopaper). Plasma AAT concentration was measured by nephelometry and AAT in GCF with ELISA. Elastase activity and protein in GCF were determined by spectrophotometry. The mean values for GI, PlI, PPD and the radiological measurements did not show any statistically significant differences between the groups. AAT in plasma and GCF demonstrated very low values in groups 1 and 2 with no significant difference between these groups but a statistical difference in comparison with group 3. Elastase in GCF did not show any difference between the three groups. In conclusion, neither the periodontal parameters nor the elastase in GCF were different in AATD subjects, phenotype PiZZ, when compared to subjects with normal AAT level, phenotype PiMM, in this material.

Objectives: Information on the significance of dental care in older adults is limited. We hypothesized that regular dental visits has an effect on the number of remaining teeth and periodontal conditions in older subjects.

Materials and methods: 1020 randomly selected individuals age 60 - 96 from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care Blekinge received a comprehensive oral health examination.

Results: Dentate women and men had, on average 18.4 teeth (SD +7.6,) and 18.9 teeth (SD + 7.5) respectively (NS). In the youngest group (60 and 66 years old) with less than one dental visit per year, 37% had >20 teeth, compared with 73% among those with at least annual visits. Among the old-old, comparable figures were 1.8 % and 37% respectively. Across age groups, bleeding on probing was 23 %.When adjusting for age, and number of teeth GLM univariate analysis failed to demonstrate an effect of dental visit frequency on alveolar bone loss (p = 0.18), the number of periapical lesions (p = 0.65), or the number of endodontically treated teeth ( p = 0.41). Frequent dental visitors had more teeth than infrequent visitors (p = 0.001).

Conclusions: Tooth loss and alveolar bone loss severity increase with age. Individuals with regular dental visits retained more teeth but the frequency of dental visits had no impact on plaque deposits, gingival inflammation, or alveolar bone levels.

The aim was to study the characteristics of patients referred for tomographic examinations of maxillary canines suspected of ectopic eruption and evaluate whether the criteria used for referring the patients could be considered appropriate. During a 1-year-period all patients (n=63) referred for tomographic examinations of ectopically erupting maxillary canines, when intra-oral x-ray examinations were insufficient to describe the position of the canine and the conditions at adjacent teeth, were examined by means of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). There was a statistically significant overrepresentation of girls (63.5%) among the referred patients. The mean age for the girls was 146.0 +/- 22.2 months and for the boys 151.8 +/- 17.8 months, a statistically non-significant difference. In total, 91 maxillary canine sites were examined and in 33 of the examined sites (36%) a resorption was found in the root surface of an adjacent tooth, in the vast majority the lateral incisor. Since more than one tooth was occasionally affected the total number of resorptions was 38 of which 14 had reached the pulp (37%). Considering the frequency of teeth, adjacent to ectopically erupting maxillary canines, that were affected by resorptions it can be concluded that the referral criteria used were appropriate. Given theyoung age of the patients it can be recommended that tomography should be performed with CBCT techniques that permit the examination of small volumes and result in high quality images.

Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WAD) present with frequent pain in the neck, head and shoulder regions but the presence of frequent jaw-face pain is unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of jaw-face pain, pain in other regions, and general symptoms in chronic WAD patients. Fifty whiplash-patients and 50 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were examined by questionnaire for pain in the jaw-face, pain in other regions and other symptoms. In contrast to healthy, a majority of the WAD patients (88%) reported frequent pain in the jaw-face, in addition to frequent pain in the neck (100%), shoulders (94%), head (90%) and back (72%). The WAD patients also reported stiffness and numbness in the jaw-face region, and frequent general symptoms such as balance problems, stress and sleep disturbances. The result suggests that frequent pain in the jaw-face can be part of the spectrum of symptoms in chronic WAD.The finding of self-reported numbness in the jaw-face indicates disturbed trigeminal nerve function and merits further investigation. We conclude that assessment of WAD should include pain in the jaw-face region. A multidisciplinary rehabilitation program including dentists, preferably specialized in the area of orofacial pain, should be advocated after whiplash injury.