Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-6
E. M. Nepomnyashchaya, Yulia Ulianova, M. Engibaryan, T. Lapteva, M. Kuznetsova
Malignant soft tissue tumors localized in the skin, particularly leiomyosarcoma, are rare. Cutaneous leiomyosarcomas could have superficial and deep forms, while subcutaneous leiomyosarcomas are usually nodular. The tumor can spread to the underlying muscle fascia. The immunophenotype of leiomyosarcoma is determined by the following antibodies: ASMA, desmin, and N-caldeston; expression of PanCK is also possible. Researchers do not have any common opinion on the clinical course and biological behavior of cutaneous leiomyosarcomas. This is probably due to the tumor heterogeneity and the carcinogenesis specificity associated with molecular genetic changes. We detected these tumors at the histological examination which resulted in an analysis of the literature and our own material. We analyzed cutaneous tumors diagnosed in 2522 patients during 5 years (2016–2020). Squamous cell and basal cell histotypes were the most common ones. We did not diagnosed cutaneous leiomyosarcoma in our material during this period. This article presents two cases of cutaneous leiomyosarcoma localized in the scalp and calf skin. Morphological and immunohistochemical profiles of the tumors are described. The immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the morphological diagnosis and established the tumor immunophenotypes. The morphological diagnosis in one case was complicated due to the rarity of this pathology and the ambiguity of the interpretation of histological changes. Analysis of histological preparations and immunohistochemical study allowed verification of the tumor as leiomyosarcoma with its characteristic immunophenotype. All of the above demonstrate the need to perform morphological and immunohistochemical tests in specialized research cancer centers.
{"title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the scalp and lower leg skin. Clinical cases and literature review","authors":"E. M. Nepomnyashchaya, Yulia Ulianova, M. Engibaryan, T. Lapteva, M. Kuznetsova","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant soft tissue tumors localized in the skin, particularly leiomyosarcoma, are rare. Cutaneous leiomyosarcomas could have superficial and deep forms, while subcutaneous leiomyosarcomas are usually nodular. The tumor can spread to the underlying muscle fascia. The immunophenotype of leiomyosarcoma is determined by the following antibodies: ASMA, desmin, and N-caldeston; expression of PanCK is also possible. Researchers do not have any common opinion on the clinical course and biological behavior of cutaneous leiomyosarcomas. This is probably due to the tumor heterogeneity and the carcinogenesis specificity associated with molecular genetic changes. We detected these tumors at the histological examination which resulted in an analysis of the literature and our own material. We analyzed cutaneous tumors diagnosed in 2522 patients during 5 years (2016–2020). Squamous cell and basal cell histotypes were the most common ones. We did not diagnosed cutaneous leiomyosarcoma in our material during this period. This article presents two cases of cutaneous leiomyosarcoma localized in the scalp and calf skin. Morphological and immunohistochemical profiles of the tumors are described. The immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the morphological diagnosis and established the tumor immunophenotypes. The morphological diagnosis in one case was complicated due to the rarity of this pathology and the ambiguity of the interpretation of histological changes. Analysis of histological preparations and immunohistochemical study allowed verification of the tumor as leiomyosarcoma with its characteristic immunophenotype. All of the above demonstrate the need to perform morphological and immunohistochemical tests in specialized research cancer centers.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79694865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-4
E. Frantsiyants, N. Ushakova, D. A. Rozenko, N. Popova, A. D. Rozenko, A. Shulga
Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study was to analyze parameters of molecular markers of structural and cellular renal damage in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with determining the nature of the initial abnormalities in the kidney functional state before the treatment.Patients and methods. The study included 46 patients receiving elective surgical treatment for localized renal cancer in the Department of Oncourology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology. The comparison group included the clinical and laboratory data of 13 healthy people comparable with the RCC patients in terms of age and gender. Cystatin C, IL‑18, KIM‑1, L-FABP, NGAL were determined in blood and urine in all patients.Results. Evaluation of the kidney functional state of RCC patients showed that the initial values of serum creatinine and the glomerular filtration rate were similar to the reference levels in healthy people, but statistically significant differences were found in the ratios of cystatin C concentrations in the blood and urine in all patients, compared with normal values. Determination of L-FABP indices in RCC patients showed that their levels were 2.5 times higher than normal values, and the urine concentration of IL‑18 was 1.7 times higher than normal values (p < 0.05). Blood and urine levels of NGAL and KIM‑1 did not differ significantly from the comparison group.Conclusions. The development of localized RCC is accompanied by the formation of tubulointerstitial dysfunction with impaired renal filtration capacity. All RCC patients showed elevated endogenous markers of structural and cellular renal damage – cystatin C, L-FABP, and IL‑18.
{"title":"Markers of structural and cellular renal damage in localized renal cell carcinoma before treatment","authors":"E. Frantsiyants, N. Ushakova, D. A. Rozenko, N. Popova, A. D. Rozenko, A. Shulga","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study was to analyze parameters of molecular markers of structural and cellular renal damage in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with determining the nature of the initial abnormalities in the kidney functional state before the treatment.Patients and methods. The study included 46 patients receiving elective surgical treatment for localized renal cancer in the Department of Oncourology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology. The comparison group included the clinical and laboratory data of 13 healthy people comparable with the RCC patients in terms of age and gender. Cystatin C, IL‑18, KIM‑1, L-FABP, NGAL were determined in blood and urine in all patients.Results. Evaluation of the kidney functional state of RCC patients showed that the initial values of serum creatinine and the glomerular filtration rate were similar to the reference levels in healthy people, but statistically significant differences were found in the ratios of cystatin C concentrations in the blood and urine in all patients, compared with normal values. Determination of L-FABP indices in RCC patients showed that their levels were 2.5 times higher than normal values, and the urine concentration of IL‑18 was 1.7 times higher than normal values (p < 0.05). Blood and urine levels of NGAL and KIM‑1 did not differ significantly from the comparison group.Conclusions. The development of localized RCC is accompanied by the formation of tubulointerstitial dysfunction with impaired renal filtration capacity. All RCC patients showed elevated endogenous markers of structural and cellular renal damage – cystatin C, L-FABP, and IL‑18.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84099194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-5
N. Maksimova, M. Engibaryan, M. Ilchenko, L. Akopyan, V. Gurnak, A. S. Egorova, M. Cherkes
Purpose of the study. An analysis of sonography potential in the primary diagnosis and clinical staging of tongue cancer.Patients and methods. The study included 18 patients aged 40–70 years with tongue tumors. The majority accounted males – 14 (77.7 %). Women were represented by 4 (22.2 %) examinees. Ultrasound examinations were performed using expert-class ultrasound systems with broadband linear multifrequency transducers. Transoral examination with linear transducers required tumor location in the anterior and lateral parts of the oral tongue. During ultrasound examinations we evaluated: tumor shape, tumor invasion depth; tumor sizes – width and thickness; tumor echogenicity and structure; tumor vascularization in Doppler modes. The results were compared with the data of histological examination.Results. Transoral ultrasound examination of patients with tongue cancer allows clear visualization of the tumor and assessment of it’s spread. The study showed that the round shape of tongue tumors prevailed in 13 (72.2 %) patients, the tumor echo structure in 10 (55.5 %) was heterogeneous, the contours were even and clear in the majority of patients – 13 (72.2 %), all tumors showed a reduced acoustic density, the depth of invasion ranged from 2 to 6 mm in 8 (44.4 %) patients and exceeded 6 mm in 6 (33.3 %) patients, which corresponded to stages III and IV of the diseas. Doppler ultrasonography recorded intense intratumoral blood flow in 100 % of cases. In 8 (44.4 %) cases, metastatic lesions of the cervical lymph nodes were observed.Conclusion. Transoral ultrasound diagnosis of tongue cancer is a highly informative, safe and modern method providing surgeons with information that helps in choosing the scope of surgical treatment and in determining the disease prognosis at the preoperative stage. The accuracy of the method was 87 %, the sensitivity was 85 %, and the specificity was 86.2 %.
{"title":"Potential of sonography in diagnosis of tongue tumors","authors":"N. Maksimova, M. Engibaryan, M. Ilchenko, L. Akopyan, V. Gurnak, A. S. Egorova, M. Cherkes","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. An analysis of sonography potential in the primary diagnosis and clinical staging of tongue cancer.Patients and methods. The study included 18 patients aged 40–70 years with tongue tumors. The majority accounted males – 14 (77.7 %). Women were represented by 4 (22.2 %) examinees. Ultrasound examinations were performed using expert-class ultrasound systems with broadband linear multifrequency transducers. Transoral examination with linear transducers required tumor location in the anterior and lateral parts of the oral tongue. During ultrasound examinations we evaluated: tumor shape, tumor invasion depth; tumor sizes – width and thickness; tumor echogenicity and structure; tumor vascularization in Doppler modes. The results were compared with the data of histological examination.Results. Transoral ultrasound examination of patients with tongue cancer allows clear visualization of the tumor and assessment of it’s spread. The study showed that the round shape of tongue tumors prevailed in 13 (72.2 %) patients, the tumor echo structure in 10 (55.5 %) was heterogeneous, the contours were even and clear in the majority of patients – 13 (72.2 %), all tumors showed a reduced acoustic density, the depth of invasion ranged from 2 to 6 mm in 8 (44.4 %) patients and exceeded 6 mm in 6 (33.3 %) patients, which corresponded to stages III and IV of the diseas. Doppler ultrasonography recorded intense intratumoral blood flow in 100 % of cases. In 8 (44.4 %) cases, metastatic lesions of the cervical lymph nodes were observed.Conclusion. Transoral ultrasound diagnosis of tongue cancer is a highly informative, safe and modern method providing surgeons with information that helps in choosing the scope of surgical treatment and in determining the disease prognosis at the preoperative stage. The accuracy of the method was 87 %, the sensitivity was 85 %, and the specificity was 86.2 %.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78189384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-3
S. A. Kuznetsov, E. Kolesnikov, A. N. Shevchenko, Y. Kozel, G. Mkrtchyan, M. V. Starzhetskaya, A. I. Bespalova, E. E. Pak, D. Yurchenko, O. P. Popovyan
Purpose of the study. Was to analyze our experience of surgical treatment of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma in children and the influence of radical surgical treatment on the disease outcomes.Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients (14 girls and 21 boys, mean age 3.3 years) receiving treatment for retroperitoneal neuroblastoma at the Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, in 2016–2018. 32 patients underwent surgical treatment. The disease progression during neoadjuvant polychemotherapy was registered in 3 patients. Initially, surgery was performed in 5 patients; the rest of the patients underwent percutaneous trepan biopsy with immunohistochemical testing and subsequent neoadjuvant polychemotherapy. No patients developed complications in the early postoperative period. In the article, we present our experience in the surgical treatment of pediatric patients with retroperitoneal neuroblastomas.Results. Patients have been observed during 12 to 24 months. 23 of 28 radically operated patients are alive and have no signs of the disease recurrence or progression. 2 patients developed tumor recurrence and received anti-recurrence PCT and DGT. Currently the patients are in remission. 3 patients showed systemic progression due to primarily advanced disease.Conclusion. Administration of modern surgical techniques and instrumentation allows radical surgical treatment for a large percentage of patients with locally advanced neuroblastoma.
{"title":"Surgical treatment of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma in children. Clinical experience","authors":"S. A. Kuznetsov, E. Kolesnikov, A. N. Shevchenko, Y. Kozel, G. Mkrtchyan, M. V. Starzhetskaya, A. I. Bespalova, E. E. Pak, D. Yurchenko, O. P. Popovyan","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. Was to analyze our experience of surgical treatment of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma in children and the influence of radical surgical treatment on the disease outcomes.Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients (14 girls and 21 boys, mean age 3.3 years) receiving treatment for retroperitoneal neuroblastoma at the Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Medical Research Centre for Oncology, in 2016–2018. 32 patients underwent surgical treatment. The disease progression during neoadjuvant polychemotherapy was registered in 3 patients. Initially, surgery was performed in 5 patients; the rest of the patients underwent percutaneous trepan biopsy with immunohistochemical testing and subsequent neoadjuvant polychemotherapy. No patients developed complications in the early postoperative period. In the article, we present our experience in the surgical treatment of pediatric patients with retroperitoneal neuroblastomas.Results. Patients have been observed during 12 to 24 months. 23 of 28 radically operated patients are alive and have no signs of the disease recurrence or progression. 2 patients developed tumor recurrence and received anti-recurrence PCT and DGT. Currently the patients are in remission. 3 patients showed systemic progression due to primarily advanced disease.Conclusion. Administration of modern surgical techniques and instrumentation allows radical surgical treatment for a large percentage of patients with locally advanced neuroblastoma.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89155689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-1
L. I. Belyakova, A. N. Shevchenko, A. B. Sagakyants, E. Bondarenko, O. G. Shulgina, E. Ulyanova, E. V. Filatova, I. A. Khomutenko
Purpose of the study. Determine the content of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the tumor tissue (TT) and perifocal tissues (PT) in muscle-non-invasive bladder cancer.Materials and methods. We’ve examined fragments of TT and PT of 7 muscle-non-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after surgical intervention – transurethral resection of the urinary bladder (TUR). In tissue samples that were used to obtain cell suspension of TT and PT using the BD Medimachine apparatus (BD, USA) was treated with monoclonal antibodies CD45-APCCy7, CD44-FITC, CD133-РЕ, CD24-PE (BD, USA) and were assessed on flow cytometer FacsCantoII (BD, USA). The percentage of cells with CSC phenotypic markers was determined in the analysis sample: CD45-CD44+CD24+, CD45-CD44+, CD45-CD24+, CD45-CD133+, CD45-CD44+CD133+. The presence of significant differences in the groups was evaluated using the STATISTICA 13 software package and the differences between the samples were considered significant at p < 0.05. The percentage of cells of the corresponding phenotype was calculated relative to the total number of cells. The percentage of cells with the corresponding phenotype was calculated relative to the total number of cells.Results. The relative numbers of cells with CSC phenotypic markers, such as CD24, CD44, were 77 % and 58 % higher in TT than in PT: 18.3 ± 3.5 vs. 4.3 ± 2.1, p ≤ 0.044 and 15.5 ± 5.3 vs. 6.5 ± 0.8, p ≤ 0.043, respectively. The number of CD133+ cells was 83 % higher in PT compared to TT – 41.6 ± 12.1 vs. 22.7 ± 7.6, p ≤ 0.047.Conclusion. The study of CSCs is a promising direction for the study of oncogenesis and can be used to assess the nature of the further development of relapse and / or progression of the disease, as well as various therapeutic approaches that are aimed at eliminating with CSC phenotypic markers and blocking the pathways leading to the emergence and maintenance of this cell population in patients with NMIBC.
研究目的:测定肌肉非侵袭性膀胱癌肿瘤组织(TT)和局点周围组织(PT)中肿瘤干细胞(CSCs)的含量。材料和方法。我们检查了7例肌肉性非侵袭性膀胱癌(NMIBC)经尿道膀胱切除术(TUR)后的TT和PT片段。在使用BD Medimachine设备(BD，美国)获得TT和PT细胞悬液的组织样本中，用单克隆抗体CD45-APCCy7, CD44-FITC, CD133-РЕ， CD24-PE (BD，美国)处理，并在流式细胞仪FacsCantoII (BD，美国)上进行评估。分析样本中具有CSC表型标记的细胞百分比:CD45-CD44+CD24+、CD45-CD44+、CD45-CD24+、CD45-CD133+、CD45-CD44+CD133+。使用STATISTICA 13软件包评估组间是否存在显著差异，p < 0.05为样本间差异显著。计算相应表型的细胞相对于细胞总数的百分比。计算具有相应表型的细胞相对于细胞总数的百分比。TT组CSC表型标记CD24、CD44细胞的相对数量分别比PT组高77%和58%:分别为18.3±3.5 vs. 4.3±2.1 (p≤0.044)和15.5±5.3 vs. 6.5±0.8 (p≤0.043)。PT组CD133+细胞数比TT组(41.6±12.1比22.7±7.6)高83%，p≤0.047。对CSC的研究是肿瘤发生研究的一个有希望的方向，可用于评估疾病复发和/或进展的进一步发展的性质，以及旨在消除CSC表型标记和阻断导致NMIBC患者中该细胞群出现和维持的途径的各种治疗方法。
{"title":"The number of cancer stem cells in the tumor tissue and perifocal tissue of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer","authors":"L. I. Belyakova, A. N. Shevchenko, A. B. Sagakyants, E. Bondarenko, O. G. Shulgina, E. Ulyanova, E. V. Filatova, I. A. Khomutenko","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. Determine the content of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the tumor tissue (TT) and perifocal tissues (PT) in muscle-non-invasive bladder cancer.Materials and methods. We’ve examined fragments of TT and PT of 7 muscle-non-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after surgical intervention – transurethral resection of the urinary bladder (TUR). In tissue samples that were used to obtain cell suspension of TT and PT using the BD Medimachine apparatus (BD, USA) was treated with monoclonal antibodies CD45-APCCy7, CD44-FITC, CD133-РЕ, CD24-PE (BD, USA) and were assessed on flow cytometer FacsCantoII (BD, USA). The percentage of cells with CSC phenotypic markers was determined in the analysis sample: CD45-CD44+CD24+, CD45-CD44+, CD45-CD24+, CD45-CD133+, CD45-CD44+CD133+. The presence of significant differences in the groups was evaluated using the STATISTICA 13 software package and the differences between the samples were considered significant at p < 0.05. The percentage of cells of the corresponding phenotype was calculated relative to the total number of cells. The percentage of cells with the corresponding phenotype was calculated relative to the total number of cells.Results. The relative numbers of cells with CSC phenotypic markers, such as CD24, CD44, were 77 % and 58 % higher in TT than in PT: 18.3 ± 3.5 vs. 4.3 ± 2.1, p ≤ 0.044 and 15.5 ± 5.3 vs. 6.5 ± 0.8, p ≤ 0.043, respectively. The number of CD133+ cells was 83 % higher in PT compared to TT – 41.6 ± 12.1 vs. 22.7 ± 7.6, p ≤ 0.047.Conclusion. The study of CSCs is a promising direction for the study of oncogenesis and can be used to assess the nature of the further development of relapse and / or progression of the disease, as well as various therapeutic approaches that are aimed at eliminating with CSC phenotypic markers and blocking the pathways leading to the emergence and maintenance of this cell population in patients with NMIBC.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75266863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-2
E. F. Komarova, A. Morkovnik, O. Zhukovskaya, E. Verenikina, N. Shevchenko, D. Khodakova, L. Z. Kurbanova, M. V. Mindar, E. Zaikina, A. V. Galina
Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the effect of the benzimidazole derivative dihydrobromide‑2-(3,4‑dihydroxyphenyl)- 9‑diethylamino-ethylimidazo-[ 1,2‑a] benzimidazole (RU‑185) on the growth of Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma and B16-F10 melanoma when administered intragastrically.Materials and methods. For the experiment, we used female C57Bl/6j mice, which were inoculated subcutaneously with syngeneic tumors: Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and B16-F10 melanoma. RU‑185 was administered intragastrically to animals in a volume of 0.3 ml for 10 days, 1 time per day. For both tumors, depending on single doses of the substance for administration, groups were divided: 1st and 4th – 50 mg/kg, 2nd and 5th – 220 and 3rd and 6th – 500 mg/kg. The control groups were injected intragastrically with physiological saline in the same volumes and according to the same scheme. The following parameters were assessed: tumor volume, increase in life expectancy (T/S, %) and tumor growth inhibition index (TGI, %).Results. For animals with LLC in the 2nd group there is an increase in the indicator of life expectancy (T/S 162.3 %), and in the 3rd group there is a tendency to an increase in the T/S indicator. On the 1st day after the end of treatment in the 2nd and 3rd groups TGI was 73.0 % and 30.1 %, respectively (р < 0.05). On the 7th and 14th days after the end of the use of RU‑185 in the 2nd and 3rd groups the volume of tumors is 3.5 and 1.4 times less (on the 7th day) and 2.3 and 1.3 times (on the 14th day), respectively than in the control group (р < 0.05). At a dose of 220 mg/kg, complete regression of LLC tumors was shown in 20 % of animals.With the growth of B16-F10, the life expectancy of all groups did not differ. Intergroup differences in the dynamics of tumor growth are provided. Highlighted changes were found in the 5th group (on the 14th day after the end of the administration of RU‑185, TGI was 48.7 %).Conclusion. The investigated chemical substance dihydrobromide‑2-(3,4‑dihydroxyphenyl)-9‑diethylamino-ethylimidazo- [1,2‑a] benzimidazole showed antitumor efficacy against syngeneic tumors: Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma and B16-F10 melanoma when administered intragastrically which leads to further testing of RU‑185 as a potential drug for the treatment of malignant neoplasms.
{"title":"A benzimidazole derivative as an effective antitumor agent in terms of syngeneic lung tumors and melanoma treatment","authors":"E. F. Komarova, A. Morkovnik, O. Zhukovskaya, E. Verenikina, N. Shevchenko, D. Khodakova, L. Z. Kurbanova, M. V. Mindar, E. Zaikina, A. V. Galina","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the effect of the benzimidazole derivative dihydrobromide‑2-(3,4‑dihydroxyphenyl)- 9‑diethylamino-ethylimidazo-[ 1,2‑a] benzimidazole (RU‑185) on the growth of Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma and B16-F10 melanoma when administered intragastrically.Materials and methods. For the experiment, we used female C57Bl/6j mice, which were inoculated subcutaneously with syngeneic tumors: Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and B16-F10 melanoma. RU‑185 was administered intragastrically to animals in a volume of 0.3 ml for 10 days, 1 time per day. For both tumors, depending on single doses of the substance for administration, groups were divided: 1st and 4th – 50 mg/kg, 2nd and 5th – 220 and 3rd and 6th – 500 mg/kg. The control groups were injected intragastrically with physiological saline in the same volumes and according to the same scheme. The following parameters were assessed: tumor volume, increase in life expectancy (T/S, %) and tumor growth inhibition index (TGI, %).Results. For animals with LLC in the 2nd group there is an increase in the indicator of life expectancy (T/S 162.3 %), and in the 3rd group there is a tendency to an increase in the T/S indicator. On the 1st day after the end of treatment in the 2nd and 3rd groups TGI was 73.0 % and 30.1 %, respectively (р < 0.05). On the 7th and 14th days after the end of the use of RU‑185 in the 2nd and 3rd groups the volume of tumors is 3.5 and 1.4 times less (on the 7th day) and 2.3 and 1.3 times (on the 14th day), respectively than in the control group (р < 0.05). At a dose of 220 mg/kg, complete regression of LLC tumors was shown in 20 % of animals.With the growth of B16-F10, the life expectancy of all groups did not differ. Intergroup differences in the dynamics of tumor growth are provided. Highlighted changes were found in the 5th group (on the 14th day after the end of the administration of RU‑185, TGI was 48.7 %).Conclusion. The investigated chemical substance dihydrobromide‑2-(3,4‑dihydroxyphenyl)-9‑diethylamino-ethylimidazo- [1,2‑a] benzimidazole showed antitumor efficacy against syngeneic tumors: Lewis lung epidermoid carcinoma and B16-F10 melanoma when administered intragastrically which leads to further testing of RU‑185 as a potential drug for the treatment of malignant neoplasms.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78456808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.37748/10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-2
Y. Kozel, O. Kutsevalova, V. V. Dmitrieva, O. V. Kozyuk, L. B. Kushtova, A. K. Khaspekyan, K. Aslanyan
Mucormycosis of the lungs is a severe infectious complication in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which develops at the stage of high-dose cytostatic therapy. It is characterized by an extremely aggressive, rapidly progressive course and, without specific treatment, is fatal in a short time. Reliable verification of mucor is necessary due to its resistance to the most commonly used antifungal drugs, particularly to voriconazole.The article presents a clinical case of pulmonary mucormycosis in a 12‑year-old child at the stage of diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The first symptoms of the disease (headaches, malaise and weakness, pallor), changes in the general blood count (hyperleukocytosis up to 200 thousand cells/μl, single platelets). Based on the results of the examination, the main diagnosis was verified for acute lymphoblastic leukemia L2, IFT T-II, CD1a-. At the stage of diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the underlying disease was complicated by the development of right-sided pneumonia according to X-ray examination. To verify the etiology of infiltration of lung tissue, broncho-alveolar lavage was directed to microbiological diagnostics, which included studies: enzyme immunoassay, microscopic and cultural. On the aggregate of all the results obtained, invasive mucormycosis was diagnosed and antifungal therapy was started immediately.
{"title":"A clinical case of pulmonary form of mucormycosis in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","authors":"Y. Kozel, O. Kutsevalova, V. V. Dmitrieva, O. V. Kozyuk, L. B. Kushtova, A. K. Khaspekyan, K. Aslanyan","doi":"10.37748/10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-2","url":null,"abstract":"Mucormycosis of the lungs is a severe infectious complication in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which develops at the stage of high-dose cytostatic therapy. It is characterized by an extremely aggressive, rapidly progressive course and, without specific treatment, is fatal in a short time. Reliable verification of mucor is necessary due to its resistance to the most commonly used antifungal drugs, particularly to voriconazole.The article presents a clinical case of pulmonary mucormycosis in a 12‑year-old child at the stage of diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The first symptoms of the disease (headaches, malaise and weakness, pallor), changes in the general blood count (hyperleukocytosis up to 200 thousand cells/μl, single platelets). Based on the results of the examination, the main diagnosis was verified for acute lymphoblastic leukemia L2, IFT T-II, CD1a-. At the stage of diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the underlying disease was complicated by the development of right-sided pneumonia according to X-ray examination. To verify the etiology of infiltration of lung tissue, broncho-alveolar lavage was directed to microbiological diagnostics, which included studies: enzyme immunoassay, microscopic and cultural. On the aggregate of all the results obtained, invasive mucormycosis was diagnosed and antifungal therapy was started immediately.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83744116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-1
E. Kolesnikov, A. V. Snezhko, V. Trifanov, M. A. Kozhushko, Y. Fomenko, T. B. Katsieva, R. E. Myagkov, S. V. Sanamyanc, M. Averkin, G. Y. Egorov
Purpose of the study. A retrospective analysis of the immediate results of performing anterior rectal resections in cancer. Materials and methods. In the Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 1 with a group of X-ray vascular methods of diagnosis and treatment of the clinic of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia treatment for rectal cancer operations of anterior rectal resection were performed in 334 patients, while in 143 (42.8 %) cases they were low. As a standard, total mesenteric excision and lymphoid dissection in volume D2 were performed. Combined surgical interventions were performed in 68 (20.4 %) patients for locally spread tumors. As a rule, they were resection in nature and were performed with tumor infiltration of adjacent organs (bladder with ureters, ovaries, uterus, vagina, small intestine, abdominal wall). Colorectal anastomosis using crosslinking devices was formed in all cases, in 316 (94.6 %) cases it was a "side – to-end" junction, in 18 patients – "end-to-end". A preventive proximal intestinal stoma was formed in 73 (21.9 %) cases, where 67 cases it was an ileostomy, and 6 – a transversostomy. The preventive proximal intestinal stoma was not formed among 261 patients. Results. After performing anterior resections for rectal cancer operations, the complications developed in 75 (22.5 %) patients. The most threatening and dangerous complication was the failure of the colorectal anastomosis, which was noted in 12 (3.5 %) cases.This complication occurred in 8.2 % (6 patients out of 73) of preventatively stoma-treated patients, in 2.3 % of patients without a stoma (6 patients out of 261).Conclusion. The use of a preventive proximal intestinal stoma allows you to form a colorectal anastomosis even in the presence of complicated forms of rectal cancer. The number of complications directly referred to the formation of a preventive proximal intestinal stoma is relatively small, but when planning surgery for uncomplicated rectal cancer, the probability of their possible occurrence should be taken into account.
{"title":"The results of anterior rectal resection with the formation of a hardware anastomosis in cancer patients","authors":"E. Kolesnikov, A. V. Snezhko, V. Trifanov, M. A. Kozhushko, Y. Fomenko, T. B. Katsieva, R. E. Myagkov, S. V. Sanamyanc, M. Averkin, G. Y. Egorov","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study. A retrospective analysis of the immediate results of performing anterior rectal resections in cancer. Materials and methods. In the Department of Abdominal Oncology No. 1 with a group of X-ray vascular methods of diagnosis and treatment of the clinic of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia treatment for rectal cancer operations of anterior rectal resection were performed in 334 patients, while in 143 (42.8 %) cases they were low. As a standard, total mesenteric excision and lymphoid dissection in volume D2 were performed. Combined surgical interventions were performed in 68 (20.4 %) patients for locally spread tumors. As a rule, they were resection in nature and were performed with tumor infiltration of adjacent organs (bladder with ureters, ovaries, uterus, vagina, small intestine, abdominal wall). Colorectal anastomosis using crosslinking devices was formed in all cases, in 316 (94.6 %) cases it was a \"side – to-end\" junction, in 18 patients – \"end-to-end\". A preventive proximal intestinal stoma was formed in 73 (21.9 %) cases, where 67 cases it was an ileostomy, and 6 – a transversostomy. The preventive proximal intestinal stoma was not formed among 261 patients. Results. After performing anterior resections for rectal cancer operations, the complications developed in 75 (22.5 %) patients. The most threatening and dangerous complication was the failure of the colorectal anastomosis, which was noted in 12 (3.5 %) cases.This complication occurred in 8.2 % (6 patients out of 73) of preventatively stoma-treated patients, in 2.3 % of patients without a stoma (6 patients out of 261).Conclusion. The use of a preventive proximal intestinal stoma allows you to form a colorectal anastomosis even in the presence of complicated forms of rectal cancer. The number of complications directly referred to the formation of a preventive proximal intestinal stoma is relatively small, but when planning surgery for uncomplicated rectal cancer, the probability of their possible occurrence should be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81792505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-3
D. A. Rozenko, N. D. Ushakova, S. N. Tikhonova, Y. Lazutin, N. Popova, A. M. Skopintsev
This clinical observation demonstrates a method of a motivated use of a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) based on fentanyl for chemical pleurodesis in a patient with prolonged air leakage after lung resection for cancer. The most common complication after elective lung resections is an alveolar-pleural fistula or prolonged air leakage. This clinical phenomenon occurs as a result of communication between the alveoli of the lung parenchyma distal to the segmental bronchus and the pleural cavity. In most cases, air leakage through the drains is eliminated spontaneously, but the frequency of prolonged pneumostasis absence in the postoperative period can reach 25 %, which has a negative effect on the outcomes of surgical interventions due to the development of pneumonia and empyema. Long-term drainage of the pleural cavity does not always end with aerostasis and requires repeated invasive interventions. One of the ways to achieve the tightness of the lung tissue involves various methods of chemical pleurodesis, which is a surgical manipulation – the introduction of a sclerosing chemical substance into the pleural cavity by spraying medical talc through a trocar or a injecting tetracycline solution into the pleural drains. The chemical causes aseptic inflammation and adhesions between the visceral and parietal pleura, followed by obliteration of the pleural cavity. The sclerosant introduction is accompanied by severe pain that can provoke respiratory and/or hemodynamic deficits, up to apnea and life-threatening heart rhythm disturbances. Pain relief during chemical pleurodesis is obviously an important factor in the prevention of a number of complications in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer. Bolus intravenous injections of narcotic analgesics lead to an analgesic effect, but a short-term one due to the absence of a depot in the body and a sharp drop in the drug concentration in the blood serum. Unfortunately, this method of introducing narcotic drugs can cause various complications in weakened and elderly cancer patients, such as respiratory depression and cardiac arrest. The TTS action is characterized with continuous dosing and the creation of a constant concentration of the narcotic drug over a certain period of time. This method provides a multilevel and systematic approach to pain relief, reduces toxicity and minimizes the inhibition of the central mechanisms of external respiration regulation without causing respiratory and cardiac disorders in patients who underwent lung resection.
{"title":"The use of transdermal therapeutic systems for chemical pleurodesis in a patient with prolonged air leakage after lung resection for cancer","authors":"D. A. Rozenko, N. D. Ushakova, S. N. Tikhonova, Y. Lazutin, N. Popova, A. M. Skopintsev","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"This clinical observation demonstrates a method of a motivated use of a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) based on fentanyl for chemical pleurodesis in a patient with prolonged air leakage after lung resection for cancer. The most common complication after elective lung resections is an alveolar-pleural fistula or prolonged air leakage. This clinical phenomenon occurs as a result of communication between the alveoli of the lung parenchyma distal to the segmental bronchus and the pleural cavity. In most cases, air leakage through the drains is eliminated spontaneously, but the frequency of prolonged pneumostasis absence in the postoperative period can reach 25 %, which has a negative effect on the outcomes of surgical interventions due to the development of pneumonia and empyema. Long-term drainage of the pleural cavity does not always end with aerostasis and requires repeated invasive interventions. One of the ways to achieve the tightness of the lung tissue involves various methods of chemical pleurodesis, which is a surgical manipulation – the introduction of a sclerosing chemical substance into the pleural cavity by spraying medical talc through a trocar or a injecting tetracycline solution into the pleural drains. The chemical causes aseptic inflammation and adhesions between the visceral and parietal pleura, followed by obliteration of the pleural cavity. The sclerosant introduction is accompanied by severe pain that can provoke respiratory and/or hemodynamic deficits, up to apnea and life-threatening heart rhythm disturbances. Pain relief during chemical pleurodesis is obviously an important factor in the prevention of a number of complications in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer. Bolus intravenous injections of narcotic analgesics lead to an analgesic effect, but a short-term one due to the absence of a depot in the body and a sharp drop in the drug concentration in the blood serum. Unfortunately, this method of introducing narcotic drugs can cause various complications in weakened and elderly cancer patients, such as respiratory depression and cardiac arrest. The TTS action is characterized with continuous dosing and the creation of a constant concentration of the narcotic drug over a certain period of time. This method provides a multilevel and systematic approach to pain relief, reduces toxicity and minimizes the inhibition of the central mechanisms of external respiration regulation without causing respiratory and cardiac disorders in patients who underwent lung resection.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73732880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-08DOI: 10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-3-5
O. Kutsevalova, Y. Kozel, N. Nifantiev, A. Antonets, V. Krylov
The regimens of anticancer therapy have been intensified and methods of high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) have been introduced for recent years which made it possible to achieve significant progress in the results of tumor treatments. Intensification of chemotherapy regimens in cancer patients leads to the emergence of risk factors of invasive candidiasis (IC) development: agranulocytosis, disruption of the integrity of the mucous membranes, prolonged use of CVC, repeated antibiotic therapy, long-term parenteral nutrition. Thus, intensification of anticancer therapy may be accompanied by an increase in infection-mediated mortality.IC is the most common invasive mycosis in Russia. More than 11 thousand cases of IC occur in our country every year. The frequency IC in Russia is 8.29 per 100 thousand of the population, which corresponds to the results of the LIFE study in European countries where this indicator varies from 2.2 to 11 per 100 thousand of the population. There are no clinical signs or symptoms specific for IC. It develops in patients with concomitant diseases, which significantly complicates the diagnosis. In this regard, an urgent issue is to improve the diagnosis of candidal infectious complications in cancer patients in order to optimize treatment by studying serological markers that have the greatest value in the diagnosis of infectious complications in cancer patients.
{"title":"The importance of developing new mannan tests in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis in oncology patients","authors":"O. Kutsevalova, Y. Kozel, N. Nifantiev, A. Antonets, V. Krylov","doi":"10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"The regimens of anticancer therapy have been intensified and methods of high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) have been introduced for recent years which made it possible to achieve significant progress in the results of tumor treatments. Intensification of chemotherapy regimens in cancer patients leads to the emergence of risk factors of invasive candidiasis (IC) development: agranulocytosis, disruption of the integrity of the mucous membranes, prolonged use of CVC, repeated antibiotic therapy, long-term parenteral nutrition. Thus, intensification of anticancer therapy may be accompanied by an increase in infection-mediated mortality.IC is the most common invasive mycosis in Russia. More than 11 thousand cases of IC occur in our country every year. The frequency IC in Russia is 8.29 per 100 thousand of the population, which corresponds to the results of the LIFE study in European countries where this indicator varies from 2.2 to 11 per 100 thousand of the population. There are no clinical signs or symptoms specific for IC. It develops in patients with concomitant diseases, which significantly complicates the diagnosis. In this regard, an urgent issue is to improve the diagnosis of candidal infectious complications in cancer patients in order to optimize treatment by studying serological markers that have the greatest value in the diagnosis of infectious complications in cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":22147,"journal":{"name":"South Russian Journal of Cancer","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90146063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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