Pub Date : 2022-09-16DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2112521
Sophy Antrobus, Hannah West
Against a backdrop where critical thinking is lauded as a tool to navigate the unpredictability of contemporary warfare, Sophy Antrobus and Hannah West argue in this article that the military, as an institution, and the soldier, as scholar, struggle to listen to a truly critical voice. If critical thinking comprises ‘reason assessment’ (understanding, analysing, arguing) and ‘critical spirit’ (disposition, attitude of mind, culture), how does an institution that values, indeed relies on for its effectiveness, uniformity and group identity encourage diversity of opinion and develop the critical spirit of its people? Our journey, as two women veterans, from insiders to outsiders, has led us to argue that professional military education is something of a ‘black box’ where we could observe outcomes but found it almost impossible to see back inside these institutions.◼
{"title":"‘This Is All Very Academic’: Critical Thinking in Professional Military Education","authors":"Sophy Antrobus, Hannah West","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2112521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2112521","url":null,"abstract":"Against a backdrop where critical thinking is lauded as a tool to navigate the unpredictability of contemporary warfare, Sophy Antrobus and Hannah West argue in this article that the military, as an institution, and the soldier, as scholar, struggle to listen to a truly critical voice. If critical thinking comprises ‘reason assessment’ (understanding, analysing, arguing) and ‘critical spirit’ (disposition, attitude of mind, culture), how does an institution that values, indeed relies on for its effectiveness, uniformity and group identity encourage diversity of opinion and develop the critical spirit of its people? Our journey, as two women veterans, from insiders to outsiders, has led us to argue that professional military education is something of a ‘black box’ where we could observe outcomes but found it almost impossible to see back inside these institutions.◼","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125424872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2113744
C. Kinsey, Christopher Mayer
In December 2021, the International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers’ Association (ICoCA) changed the definition of security services, expanding its scope and undertaking roles that include direct participation in hostilities. Christopher Kinsey and Christopher Mayer argue that, in promoting this broadened scope, the ICoCA did so without first identifying important principles and standards relevant to those new functions. Critically for the international order, the unintended consequences of these changes could be far reaching, legitimising quasi-mercenary organisations and fighting in combat.◼
{"title":"A Step Too Far","authors":"C. Kinsey, Christopher Mayer","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2113744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2113744","url":null,"abstract":"In December 2021, the International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers’ Association (ICoCA) changed the definition of security services, expanding its scope and undertaking roles that include direct participation in hostilities. Christopher Kinsey and Christopher Mayer argue that, in promoting this broadened scope, the ICoCA did so without first identifying important principles and standards relevant to those new functions. Critically for the international order, the unintended consequences of these changes could be far reaching, legitimising quasi-mercenary organisations and fighting in combat.◼","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124100179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2124028
{"title":"Message of Condolence from The Chair, Trustees, Director-General, Staff and Members of The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies to His Majesty The King","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2124028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2124028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134113550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-24DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2103728
Nils Zimmermann, Ivor Wiltenburg, Jahara Matisek
As the West debates defence spending to counter China and Russia, an affordable approach for constructive influence is possible through advising missions that create Sustainable Development Engineering Corps (SDECs) in militaries throughout Africa. Through interviews and surveys of defence officials, Nils Zimmermann, Ivor Wiltenburg and Jahara Matisek find strong support for using European militaries for cost-effective contributions to Western global force posture by creating and deploying advisor units focused on helping African partner militaries establish SDECs. ◼
{"title":"Supporting African Partner States Through European Military Assistance Programmes","authors":"Nils Zimmermann, Ivor Wiltenburg, Jahara Matisek","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2103728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2103728","url":null,"abstract":"As the West debates defence spending to counter China and Russia, an affordable approach for constructive influence is possible through advising missions that create Sustainable Development Engineering Corps (SDECs) in militaries throughout Africa. Through interviews and surveys of defence officials, Nils Zimmermann, Ivor Wiltenburg and Jahara Matisek find strong support for using European militaries for cost-effective contributions to Western global force posture by creating and deploying advisor units focused on helping African partner militaries establish SDECs. ◼","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116560101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2149124
C. Robinson
Investigations into why Western forces – primarily the US and British Armies – failed to build effective and accountable Afghan and Iraqi armies have not focused enough on the links between state and army, Colin D Robinson argues. Building strong states in such circumstances is near-impossible and has dire consequences for armies. In addition, the regular combat culture of Western armies serves them extraordinarily badly when they are called to make things, not break things, in totally dissimilar societies. ◼
{"title":"Why Did Rebuilding the Afghan and Iraqi Armies Fail?","authors":"C. Robinson","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2149124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2149124","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations into why Western forces – primarily the US and British Armies – failed to build effective and accountable Afghan and Iraqi armies have not focused enough on the links between state and army, Colin D Robinson argues. Building strong states in such circumstances is near-impossible and has dire consequences for armies. In addition, the regular combat culture of Western armies serves them extraordinarily badly when they are called to make things, not break things, in totally dissimilar societies. ◼","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125600418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2156734
T. Taylor
young men such as Paul found themselves in once they were marooned to the frontline. The film brilliantly depicts how these young men slowly become numb to the bloodshed and the only feelings they are left with are fear, hunger and the urge to survive to escape a daunting present and return to a past they can barely remember. The visual effects and technical achievements of the film are as captivating as 1917 – another First World War film that follows the experience of two young British corporals, Blake and Schofield, in and around ‘no man’s land’, the territory in northern France separating German and British troops. Like All Quiet on the Western Front, 1917 provides a visceral and raw depiction of the horrors of war and both films illustrate how equally brutal and relentlessly dehumanising the war has been for young men fighting and dying on the battlefield in the First World War, regardless of nationality or the side for which they fought.
{"title":"Churchill’s American Arsenal: The Partnership Behind the Innovations that Won World War Two","authors":"T. Taylor","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2156734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2156734","url":null,"abstract":"young men such as Paul found themselves in once they were marooned to the frontline. The film brilliantly depicts how these young men slowly become numb to the bloodshed and the only feelings they are left with are fear, hunger and the urge to survive to escape a daunting present and return to a past they can barely remember. The visual effects and technical achievements of the film are as captivating as 1917 – another First World War film that follows the experience of two young British corporals, Blake and Schofield, in and around ‘no man’s land’, the territory in northern France separating German and British troops. Like All Quiet on the Western Front, 1917 provides a visceral and raw depiction of the horrors of war and both films illustrate how equally brutal and relentlessly dehumanising the war has been for young men fighting and dying on the battlefield in the First World War, regardless of nationality or the side for which they fought.","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129720450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2127866
Ronen Itsik
Reserve military service in Israel has undergone significant reform over the past decade. Some claim that the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) reserve corps is ‘sinking’, and that the defence ethos as well as the motivation to serve have been eroded. Ronen Itsik analyses the motivation to serve as a reserve soldier in the IDF and, through a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis, shows such motivation results mainly from ‘constructive patriotism’; hence the reforms undertaken by the IDF in this area were effective. ◼
{"title":"Motivations for Reserve Military Service in Israel","authors":"Ronen Itsik","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2127866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2127866","url":null,"abstract":"Reserve military service in Israel has undergone significant reform over the past decade. Some claim that the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) reserve corps is ‘sinking’, and that the defence ethos as well as the motivation to serve have been eroded. Ronen Itsik analyses the motivation to serve as a reserve soldier in the IDF and, through a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis, shows such motivation results mainly from ‘constructive patriotism’; hence the reforms undertaken by the IDF in this area were effective. ◼","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122349352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2149123
A. Giustozzi
Antonio Giustozzi intervenes in the debate of how close the Taliban and Al-Qa’ida have been, examining the political economy of their relationship. There is clear evidence of considerable friction between the two organisations over the years, which makes more recent claims of worsening tension by oral sources plausible, given also the signature of the US–Taliban agreement in 2020 and clear divergence over the emirate’s relations with the UN and regional countries. ◼
Antonio Giustozzi介入了关于塔利班和基地组织有多亲密的辩论，研究了他们关系的政治经济。有明确的证据表明，这两个组织之间多年来存在相当大的摩擦，考虑到美国与塔利班在2020年签署了协议，以及该酋长国与联合国和地区国家的关系存在明显分歧，这使得最近口口相传的紧张局势恶化的说法更加可信。◼
{"title":"Al-Qa’ida and the Taliban","authors":"A. Giustozzi","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2149123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2149123","url":null,"abstract":"Antonio Giustozzi intervenes in the debate of how close the Taliban and Al-Qa’ida have been, examining the political economy of their relationship. There is clear evidence of considerable friction between the two organisations over the years, which makes more recent claims of worsening tension by oral sources plausible, given also the signature of the US–Taliban agreement in 2020 and clear divergence over the emirate’s relations with the UN and regional countries. ◼","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116647168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2153076
S. Oyewole, Folahanmi Aina, J. Ojo
The deployments and campaigns of the Nigerian Air Force in North-West Nigeria have contributed to the military and strategic measures to neutralise or minimise the threats of armed banditry in the troubled region. While aerial operations have had some success, there have been notable downsides. Samuel Oyewole, Folahanmi Aina and John Sunday Ojo examine the mobilisation of air capabilities and associated campaigns against armed banditry in North-West Nigeria, the record of achievements and challenges, and the possible ways forward. Data for this study was gathered from both primary and secondary sources and analysed through a mixed method approach. ◼
{"title":"Wings over Flies","authors":"S. Oyewole, Folahanmi Aina, J. Ojo","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2153076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2153076","url":null,"abstract":"The deployments and campaigns of the Nigerian Air Force in North-West Nigeria have contributed to the military and strategic measures to neutralise or minimise the threats of armed banditry in the troubled region. While aerial operations have had some success, there have been notable downsides. Samuel Oyewole, Folahanmi Aina and John Sunday Ojo examine the mobilisation of air capabilities and associated campaigns against armed banditry in North-West Nigeria, the record of achievements and challenges, and the possible ways forward. Data for this study was gathered from both primary and secondary sources and analysed through a mixed method approach. ◼","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116880314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.1080/03071847.2022.2156201
Dina Mansour-Ille
{"title":"All Quiet on the Western Front","authors":"Dina Mansour-Ille","doi":"10.1080/03071847.2022.2156201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2022.2156201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221517,"journal":{"name":"The RUSI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125298666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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