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Seventh Arabian Plate Geology Workshop: Pre-Cambrian to Paleozoic Petroleum Systems in the Arabian Plate最新文献

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Early Tectonic Evolution Of Oman Revisited: Implications for the evolution of North Eastern Gondwana and for the oldest hydrocarbon systems in Arabia 阿曼早期构造演化重述:冈瓦纳盆地东北部演化及阿拉伯地区最古老油气系统的意义
I. Gómez-Pérez, A. Morton
Summary The Precambrian tectonic setting is important to understand the oldest petroleum systems of Oman, including the distribution of our main source rocks in the Huqf Supergroup, the reservoirs of the Nafun, Ara, Nimr and Haima plays, the basin subsidence history and diagenesis, and the early deformation history and trap creation. Recent multidisciplinary studies, including sedimentology, heavy minerals and detrital zircon geochronology, support that Oman formed at the western margin of the Indian Shield (Eastern Gondwana) during the Neoproterozoic (Tonian), and that it only collided with the Arabian-Nubian Shield (Western Gondwana) in the Early Cambrian (~525 Ma ago). This resulted in the formation of the Western Deformation Front, which marks the final suture between East and West Gondwana. Oman stayed as part of Arabia after Permian-Jurassic Gondwana break-up. These tectonic changes are tracked by depositional evolution, tectonic/magmatic events as seen by detrital zircon geochronology, and sediment distribution patterns. Our results entail a significant update to our present tectonic evolution and plate reconstruction models of eastern Arabia, and to our understanding of the early petroleum systems of Oman.
前寒武纪构造背景对了解阿曼最古老的含油气系统具有重要意义,包括胡格夫超群主要烃源岩的分布、纳丰、阿拉、尼姆尔和海马四组的储层、盆地沉降史和成岩作用、早期变形史和圈闭形成等。近年来沉积学、重矿物学和碎屑锆石年代学等多学科研究支持阿曼形成于新元古代(东古)印度地盾(东冈瓦纳)西缘,与阿拉伯-努比亚地盾(西冈瓦纳)的碰撞发生在早寒武纪(~525 Ma前)。这导致了西部变形锋的形成,标志着东、西冈瓦纳的最终缝合。在二叠纪-侏罗纪冈瓦纳大陆分裂后,阿曼仍是阿拉伯的一部分。这些构造变化通过沉积演化、碎屑锆石年代学观察到的构造/岩浆事件和沉积物分布模式来追踪。我们的研究结果对目前阿拉伯东部的构造演化和板块重建模型以及对阿曼早期含油气系统的认识都有重大的更新。
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引用次数: 0
Wajid Graben Structural Evolution 瓦吉德地堑构造演化
C. Hofmann
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引用次数: 0
The Precambrian succession of Oman from Platform to Basin: Predicting reservoir and source rock distribution 阿曼前寒武纪地台-盆地演替:储源岩分布预测
I. Gómez-Pérez, S. Farqani, S. Scholten, A. Rovira, B. Baloushi
Summary Based on recent multidisciplinary studies of the Precambrian succession of Oman, both in PDO cores and in outcrops, a new correlation from type sections in outcrops to the subsurface is proposed. The results have implications for source and reservoir rock distribution, stratigraphy, and Precambrian tectonic setting and evolution of Oman. The type Precambrian Nafun Group sections are found in the Huqf outcrops of central Oman, and represent a proximal, continental to shallow marine sequence up to ~2000 m thick. The succession studied in the subsurface is ~800 m thick and dominated by deeper water, basinal deposits with numerous source rock intervals and poor potential as conventional reservoirs, more alike the Precambrian succession exposed in north Oman. Reservoir rocks are proven in shallow water carbonate deposits of the Khufai and Buah Formations, and are possible in clastic deposits of the Masirah Bay Formation. The best source rocks are found in basinal deposits of the Masirah Bay, Khufai and Buah Formations, and were deposited during transgressive system tracks. Paleofacies maps and regional distribution support Ediacaran deposition controlled by regional thermal subsidence along a passive margin on the eastern side of the Mozambique Ocean.
基于近年来对阿曼前寒武纪演替的多学科研究,包括PDO岩心和露头剖面,提出了一种新的露头剖面与地下的对比方法。研究结果对阿曼的烃源岩和储层分布、地层、前寒武纪构造背景和演化具有指导意义。前寒武纪纳丰群剖面在阿曼中部的Huqf露头中发现,代表了近端陆-浅海层序,厚度达~2000 m。地下研究的层序厚度约为800 m,以深水为主,烃源岩层段多,常规储层潜力差,与阿曼北部暴露的前寒武纪层序较为相似。在胡法伊组和布阿组浅水碳酸盐岩矿床中已探明储层岩,在马西拉湾组碎屑岩矿床中也可能存在储层岩。最好的烃源岩为马西拉湾、胡法伊组和布阿组的盆地沉积,形成于海侵体系径迹。古相图和区域分布支持莫桑比克洋东侧被动边缘受区域热沉降控制的埃迪卡拉纪沉积。
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引用次数: 2
A new insight into understanding the middle Cambrian Miqrat reservoir in the North of the Sultanate of Oman: Implication for exploration and development strategies 阿曼苏丹国北部中寒武统Miqrat储层新认识:对勘探开发策略的启示
N. Balushi, O. Al Harrasi, T. Lee
Abstract In the past decade, Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) has been actively drilling deep tight gas wells targeting structural four way dip closures in the Miqrat Formation (middle Cambrian). The Miqrat Formation was widely deposited in an arid to semi-arid continental setting in alluvial and playa/sabkha environments. The wide distribution of the Miqrat formation and the lack of high resolution seismic together with unavailability of dense well information imposed various challenges in developing accurate subsurface depositional models. The play depositional model was constructed as simplistic as possible assuming a wide-spread playa which tends to be sandy in the south and muddier toward the north. In addition, the previous models were forcing the correlations to fit the entire reservoir subdivisions (Upper, Middle & Lower) to be present within the play domain. This served the regional understanding for prospect identification. However, when zooming into field-scale areas it becomes obvious that the depositional model needs further refining to understand the well data and the flow behaviors in various domains. Recently, with the arrival of high resolution wide azimuth seismic data and the availability of denser well penetrations, a relook was applied to the previous depositional model by integrating various multidisciplinary inputs including: well log evaluations, seismic inversion for reservoir characterization, well test results and pressure measurements. The data integration revealed that the Miqart reservoir properties and thickness are highly influenced by the paleo structural elevation variations and the accommodation space post the Angudan unconformity (poor properties close to the highs). These variations resulted in lateral change to thinner/poorer units or onlaps on dominant highs, and the existence of capillary trapping ( Figure 1 ). As a result, the tighter and thinner facies retained significant amount of water which did not succeed to get flushed by late gas charge due to capillary barriers. Therefore, wells which are drilled in good reservoir properties in a structurally down dip position show better gas saturation with high gas and low water production rates in comparison to the wells which are drilled up dip in poor properties within the same traps ( Figure 2 ).
在过去的十年中,阿曼石油开发公司(PDO)在Miqrat组(中寒武统)积极钻探深部致密气井,目标是构造四向倾向闭井。Miqrat组广泛沉积于干旱至半干旱的大陆冲积和干湖/sabkha环境。Miqrat地层分布广泛,缺乏高分辨率的地震资料,再加上无法获得密集的井信息,这给建立准确的地下沉积模型带来了各种挑战。该区的沉积模式尽可能地简化,假设大面积的干盐湖,南呈砂质,北呈泥质。此外,之前的模型迫使相关性拟合整个储层细分(上、中、下)在储层域中的存在。这有助于区域对远景识别的理解。然而,当放大到油田规模时,很明显,沉积模型需要进一步完善,以理解井数据和各个区域的流动行为。最近,随着高分辨率宽方位角地震数据的出现和更密集的井眼的可用性,通过整合各种多学科输入,包括测井评价、储层表征的地震反演、试井结果和压力测量,对以前的沉积模型进行了重新审视。数据综合表明,古构造高程变化和安古丹不整合后的可容纳空间(近高点物性差)对米加尔储层物性和储层厚度影响较大。这些变化导致横向变化为较薄/较差的单元或优势高点上的上覆,以及毛细血管捕获的存在(图1)。结果表明,较致密和较薄的相保留了大量的水,但由于毛管屏障的存在,这些水未能被后期气充注冲掉。因此,在构造上倾角较低的储层物性较好的井中钻探的井,与在相同圈闭内构造上倾角较差的井相比,具有较高的气饱和度和较低的产水率(图2)。
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引用次数: 0
Challenges to Exploration of Triassic and Paleozoic Reservoirs in Kuwait 科威特三叠纪和古生代油藏勘探面临的挑战
I. Sinha, R. Abu-Taleb, A. Lane, R. T. Arasu
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引用次数: 0
Elemental Chemostratigraphy of the Late Neoproterozoic & Early Cambrian Sediments in Oman 阿曼新元古代晚期和早寒武世沉积物的元素化学地层学
R. Mccabe, I. Gómez-Pérez, H. Rawahi, K. Bergmann, T. Pearce, J. Dawans, B. Baloushi
Elemental chemostratigraphy is employed on outcrop and well sections in order to produce a regional surface to subsurface correlation framework of the late Neoproterozoic and early Cambrian sediments in Oman. Samples have been analysed using ICP techniques, with high-resolution data acquired for 48 elements. The key elements employed to produce the chemostratigraphic framework are Si, Al, Ca, Mg, Ti, Zr, Y, Th, the rare earth elements, Cr, Mo and U. The relative abundance of these elements are interpreted be influenced by changes in lithology, detrital heavy minerals and redox-sensitive authigenic minerals that themselves are interpreted to reflect temporal variations in environment, weathering and sediment provenance. Based on marked variations in the key elements and derived element ratios, the study interval is divided into six chemostratigraphic sequences and six higher-resolution chemostratigraphic packages. The chemostratigraphic zones can be correlated with confidence from the outcrop to subsurface and, in conjunction with other disciplines, is being employed to refine the lithostratigraphy of the Nafun and Ara Groups in the subsurface of south Oman.
为了建立阿曼地区新元古代晚期和早寒武世沉积的区域性地表与地下对比格架,在露头剖面和井剖面上应用元素化学地层学。使用ICP技术对样品进行了分析,获得了48种元素的高分辨率数据。形成化学地层格架的关键元素是Si、Al、Ca、Mg、Ti、Zr、Y、Th以及稀土元素Cr、Mo和u。这些元素的相对丰度被解释为受岩性、碎屑重矿物和氧化还原敏感自生矿物变化的影响,这些元素本身被解释为反映了环境、风化和沉积物来源的时间变化。根据关键元素和衍生元素比值的显著变化,将研究层段划分为6个化学地层层序和6个高分辨率化学地层包。化学地层学带可以与从露头到地下的可信度相关联,并与其他学科一起用于改进阿曼南部地下Nafun和Ara群的岩石地层学。
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引用次数: 0
Sedimentary facies and depositional environments of an Early Silurian sandstone 早志留世砂岩沉积相及沉积环境
F. Almalki, S. Hayton
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引用次数: 0
New unconventional play concepts in the Middle East – The Silurian Qusaiba Member 中东地区新的非常规油气藏概念——志留系古赛坝段
T. Cousins, O. Sutcliffe
Sometimes the best quality conventional source rock is not the most prospective unconventional resource. By understanding how hydrocarbons are expelled from organic-rich intervals, it is apparent that poorer quality source horizons are more likely to retain hydrocarbons in place. Rather than better quality source rocks which expel a large quantity of hydrocarbons, which then migrate to conventional traps. Therefore, by identifying stratigraphic horizons of varying source quality in the Silurian of the Middle East prospective horizons which have retained some charge can be identified. By understanding the plate scale structural architecture, areas where these source rocks subcrop low-angle unconformities covered by sealing facies can highlighted. The potential for sealing facies to occur above the unconformity, limits the expulsion and migration of hydrocarbons from the source rocks. This may be further enhanced by the inability of poorer quality source rocks to expel hydrocarbons. This shows that a number of Montney-esque play types within the Silurian of the Middle East may exist. Most notably where the Silurian Qusaiba Member subcrops the Unazyah Formation and where particular parts of the Silurian are in unconformable contact with sealing facies of the Unazyah.
有时候,最优质的常规烃源岩并不是最有前景的非常规资源。通过了解碳氢化合物是如何从富含有机物的层段排出的,很明显,质量较差的烃源层更有可能将碳氢化合物保留在原位。而不是优质的烃源岩,这些烃源岩排出大量的碳氢化合物,然后运移到常规的圈闭中。因此,通过识别中东志留系不同物源质量的地层层位,可以识别出保留了一定电荷的远景层位。通过对板块尺度构造构型的认识,可以突出这些烃源岩次crop低角度不整合面被封闭相覆盖的区域。不整合面上方可能存在封闭相,这限制了烃源岩的排烃和运移。质量较差的烃源岩无法排出碳氢化合物,这可能进一步加强了这一点。这表明在中东志留纪可能存在许多蒙特尼式的游戏类型。最值得注意的是志留系古赛坝亚段位于乌纳兹亚组,志留系的某些部分与乌纳兹亚的封闭相接触不整合。
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引用次数: 0
Glaciers, flows, and fans: origins of a Neoproterozoic diamictite in the Saratoga Hills, Death Valley, California 冰川、水流和扇:加利福尼亚死亡谷萨拉托加山新元古代双晶岩的起源
S. Al-Tofaif
The Neoproterozoic glacial deposits outcrop throughout Death Valley area in California. The outcrop in Saratoga Hills show a thick succession of the glacial stratigraphy showing significant variation in bed thickness, and clast-compositions that are used to prove the great variation of the flows even within a short lateral distance. This sequence shows a gradual change from glacio-proximal to glacio-distal tracts that are interpreted as the first documented trough mouth fan of the Neoproterozoic glaciation.
新元古代冰川沉积物在加利福尼亚死亡谷地区露头。萨拉托加山的露头显示了厚厚的冰川地层序列,显示了床层厚度的显著变化,以及用来证明即使在很短的横向距离内流动的巨大变化的碎屑成分。该序列显示了从冰川近端到冰川远端束的逐渐变化,被解释为新元古代冰川作用的第一个槽口扇。
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引用次数: 0
An Evaluation of Pre-Cambrian to Paleozoic Faults Pattern and Rift Basin Architecture, Central Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯中部前寒武纪至古生代断裂模式及裂谷盆地构造评价
S. Alsulami, M. Ameen, C. Hofmann, A. Salem, M. Khan
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Seventh Arabian Plate Geology Workshop: Pre-Cambrian to Paleozoic Petroleum Systems in the Arabian Plate
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