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Pre-Khuff subsurface stratigraphy in Kuwait 科威特前khuff地下地层学
A. Al-Bloushi, S. Tanoli, R. Husain, M. Al-Wadi, A. Horbury, P. Clews
Abstract Only a few wells were drilled through the Pre-Khuff section in Kuwait and therefore limited data is available. A composite pre-Khuff stratigraphic section is attempted from this data by utilizing age dating data, the distinctive heavy mineral assemblages and by correlating with regional analogues. In north Kuwait, the oldest sediments encountered are evaporites overlain by carbonates likely belonging to the Hormuz Group of Infra-Cambrian to Early Cambrian age. The Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Formation unconformably overlies these carbonates. In south Kuwait these strata are missing and the Upper Permian Khuff Formation directly overlies on the older sediments. The oldest sediments in south Kuwait consist of deformed, varve like deposits of finely laminated siltstone and mudstone probably belonging to the Murdama Group of Lower Ediacaran age. The overlying Rubtayn / Mataar Formation of possible latest Precambrian (Ediacaran) to earliest Cambrian age is made up of polymictic conglomerate, red sandstone and mudstone. The Badayi Formation overlies this sequence and consists of volcanics and volcaniclastic tuffs. These are overlain by red sandstone, siltstone and mudstones that could be laterally coeval to the Hormuz Formation. Heavy minerals in the Ediacaran to earliest Cambrian strata are typified by apatite while zircon is dominant in the Unayzah Formation.
在科威特,Pre-Khuff区块只钻了几口井,因此数据有限。利用年龄测年数据、独特的重矿物组合以及与区域类似物的对比,试图从这些数据中获得一个复合的前胡夫地层剖面。在科威特北部,最古老的沉积物是由碳酸盐岩覆盖的蒸发岩,可能属于下寒武纪至早寒武纪的霍尔木兹群。二叠-石炭系Unayzah组不整合地覆盖在这些碳酸盐之上。在科威特南部,这些地层消失了,上二叠纪Khuff组直接覆盖在较老的沉积物上。科威特南部最古老的沉积物是由变形的、像阀一样的细层状粉砂岩和泥岩沉积物组成的,可能属于下埃迪卡拉时代的穆尔达玛群。上覆的rutayn / Mataar组由多晶砾岩、红砂岩和泥岩组成,可能为前寒武纪晚期(埃迪卡拉纪)至寒武纪早期。八大一组位于该层序之上,由火山岩和火山碎屑凝灰岩组成。它们被红砂岩、粉砂岩和泥岩覆盖,可能与霍尔木兹组同期。埃迪卡拉系至早寒武系地层重矿物以磷灰石为主,乌内扎组重矿物以锆石为主。
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引用次数: 0
Infra-Cambrian and Early Paleozoic Extension in East Rub’ Al Khali Basins and Dibdibah Trough, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯东部Rub ' Al Khali盆地和Dibdibah海槽的下寒武纪和早古生代伸展
H. Xiao, A. Bhullar, N. Abbas
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引用次数: 0
An updated Stratigraphic Framework for the Haima Supergroup of North Oman 阿曼北部海马超群地层格架的更新
G. Hughes, A. Lawati
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引用次数: 0
Imaging and inversion challenges for deep targets and low porosity plays: a case study from Illizi Basin, Algeria 深层目标和低孔隙度油藏的成像和反演挑战:以阿尔及利亚Illizi盆地为例
L. D. Vincenzi, J. V. Dijk, S. Trezzi, T. Chelbi
This case study summarizes the data reprocessing effort applied to improve the image quality of seismic data located in a structurally complex reservoir with low porosity & permeability and subsequent inversion to rock properties. The results show significant enhancements in structural definition, whilst the inversion to rock properties has enabled lithology and porosity characterization with increased confidence. The Tinrhert Nord Perimeter lies within the South Berkhine-North Illizi basin in Eastern Algeria. This is a highly productive petroleum province with a 60year exploration history (Dixon, 2010). Target reservoirs are classed into two petroleum systems. System I is sourced from Frasnian age shales with good quality reservoirs of Devonian and Silurian age sandstones. System II is sourced from Silurian age shales with reservoirs of Ordovician and Cambrian age sandstones. The latter reservoirs quality is considered poor, with less than 6% porosity and 15mD permeability. The prospect is covered by three separate legacy seismic data volumes. The final seismic data image quality in each case was of generally low resolution & limited bandwidth, and not considered conducive to obtain a proper reservoir characterization in the typically thin, low porosity reservoirs. The Tinrhert Nord legacy seismic volumes were therefore re-processed concurrently with a workflow designed to improve lateral event continuity, preserve sharper terminations at discontinuities such as faults and channels, decrease the amount of multiple contamination, and increase the temporal resolution through a wider signal bandwidth. The final pre-stack merged seismic volume shows a significant upgrade in image quality over pre-existing legacy data, indicating that the applied processing sequence was appropriate. Rock physics analysis and prestack simultaneous AVO inversion was then performed to estimate P-impedance and S-impedance from the conditioned seismic data. Well log and petrophysical analysis were carried out to establish the relationship between seismic attributes and rock properties. Results showed good sensitivity of the acoustic and elastic properties AI and SI to PHIT, VCL and SW. Pre-stack inversion attributes were used to characterize target reservoirs using the reprocessed seismic data. Consistent wavelet extraction at well locations indicated the high quality of the input seismic data, which was also observed form the excellent match between logged and inverted traces.
本案例研究总结了为提高低孔渗结构复杂油藏地震数据图像质量以及随后的岩石性质反演所做的数据再处理工作。结果表明,构造定义有了显著增强,而岩石性质的反演使岩性和孔隙度表征更加可信。Tinrhert north Perimeter位于阿尔及利亚东部的South berkhin - north Illizi盆地内。这是一个具有60年勘探历史的高产石油省(Dixon, 2010)。目标储层可分为两个含油气系统。系统1来源于frasan时代的页岩,具有泥盆纪和志留纪砂岩的优质储层。系统II来源于志留系页岩,储层为奥陶系和寒武系砂岩。后者的储层质量较差,孔隙度小于6%,渗透率小于15mD。该远景区由三个独立的遗留地震数据体覆盖。在每种情况下,最终的地震数据图像质量通常是低分辨率和有限的带宽,并且不利于在典型的薄层、低孔隙度油藏中获得适当的储层特征。因此,Tinrhert Nord的遗留地震体同时进行了重新处理,其工作流程旨在提高横向事件的连续性,在断层和通道等不连续区域保留更清晰的终止,减少多重污染的数量,并通过更宽的信号带宽提高时间分辨率。最终的叠前合并地震体显示,与之前的遗留数据相比,图像质量有了显著提升,这表明应用的处理顺序是合适的。然后进行岩石物理分析和叠前AVO同步反演,从条件地震数据中估计p -阻抗和s -阻抗。通过测井和岩石物理分析,建立了地震属性与岩石性质之间的关系。结果表明,AI和SI的声学和弹性性能对PHIT、VCL和SW具有良好的敏感性。利用叠前反演属性,利用再处理后的地震数据对目标储层进行表征。小波提取在井位的一致性表明了输入地震数据的高质量,测井和反演轨迹之间的匹配也很好。
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引用次数: 0
Sedimentological Controls on Reservoir Properties of a Paleozoic Tight Sandstone Reservoir, Saudi Arabia 沉积学对沙特阿拉伯古生界致密砂岩储层物性的控制
O. Abdullatif, A. Alqubalee, L. Babalola, M. Makkawi
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引用次数: 0
An Overview of Fractured Basement Play Concept in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯裂缝式地下室开采概念概述
Awadelgied Adam, Yasir Ghorashi
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引用次数: 0
Sedimentology and Isotopes Stratigraphy of the Fara Formation in North Oman Outcrops and its Relation to the South Oman Subsurface 阿曼北部露头Fara组沉积学、同位素地层学及其与阿曼南部地下的关系
H. Rawahi, I. Gómez-Pérez, K. Bergmann, M. Cantine, C. Fonseca-Rivera
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引用次数: 0
Sequence Architecture and Reservoir Heterogeneity of the Late Ordovician Glacio-Fluvial Sarah Formation: Outcrop Analog From Qassim Region, Central Saudi Arabia 晚奥陶世冰川-河流萨拉组层序结构与储层非均质性:沙特阿拉伯中部卡西姆地区露头模拟
O. Abdullatif, A. Jarrah
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引用次数: 0
Rock Property of the Upper Ordovician in the Rub’ al-Khali Basin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯Rub ' al-Khali盆地上奥陶统岩石性质
Z. Andegeorgs, K. Mah, J. Ismail, M. Husni
Abstract In the Rub' al-Khali Basin, the Late Ordovician glacial sediments were deposited in a vast water body where laterally shifting depositional environments resulted in lateral facies changes, from well-sorted glacio-fluvial reservoir sandstone to diamictite deposits. The predominantly fluvial channel deposits, consisting of medium to very fine grained sheet sands and interfluve muddy siltstones, were widely distributed, the thicknesses of which ranged from tens to several hundreds of feet. In core, glacial outwash channels, braided plain sands, and lacustrine shale layers with drop-stones from melting ice were observed. The net sand-to-gross ratio is generally high due to the sedimentation dynamics, whereby moving icepressured meltwater jets became sorting agents in the process of glacial sedimentation. In the central Rub' al-Khali, core studies from drilled wells and associated log responses show variable reservoir quality. The overall reservoir quality is controlled by a number of primary and secondary factors. Primary controls are related to sedimentation and the depositional environment, which are manifested in these type of facies, grain size and sorting. Well-sorted, coarse sandstone is associated with high energy currents, and is mainly present in the fluvial system. Non-reservoir facies such as lacustrine shale and diamictite deposits are associated with low energy lacustrine or deep water deposits. The characteristic high net-to-gross ratio observed in the Rub' al-Khali Basin is primarily due to grain sorting. Thin sections from core indicate that mechanical compaction and silica cementation had, in areas, effected reservoir quality. Post-deposition diagenesis, particularly clay coatings, preserved intergranular porosity by preventing continued silica growth on sand grains. Mineral dissolution is not prevalent, and likely did not have significant effect on porosity. Evidence of pressure solution, such as micro-stylolites and sutured contacts between grains are present, indicating sandstone grains were subjected to significant mechanical compaction. Compaction is related to the depth of burial, and its impact on reservoir quality varies throughout the Rub' al-Khali Basin. Silica cementation appears to be sourced from stress inducing stylolites, where the silica cement is formed around the grains.
在Rub' al-Khali盆地,晚奥陶世冰川沉积物沉积在一个巨大的水体中,侧向移动的沉积环境导致了沉积相的侧向变化,从分选良好的冰川-河流储层砂岩到杂晶岩沉积。以河道沉积为主,分布广泛,由中至极细粒板砂和穿插其间的泥质粉砂岩组成,厚度从几十至几百英尺不等。在岩心中观察到冰川冲蚀河道、辫状平原砂和湖相页岩层,并观察到融冰落下石。由于沉积动力学,移动的冰压融水射流在冰川沉积过程中成为分选剂,净沙与总沙比通常很高。在Rub' al-Khali中部,钻探井的岩心研究和相关的测井响应显示储层质量变化。储层整体质量受一系列主要和次要因素的控制。主要控制因素与沉积作用和沉积环境有关,主要表现在这些相类型、粒度和分选上。分选良好的粗砂岩与高能流伴生,主要存在于河流体系中。非储层相,如湖相页岩和杂晶岩沉积,与低能湖相或深水沉积有关。在Rub' al-Khali盆地观测到的高净毛比特征主要是由于谷物分选。岩心薄片显示,在某些地区,机械压实作用和硅胶结作用影响了储层质量。沉积后的成岩作用,特别是粘土包覆作用,通过阻止硅在砂粒上的继续生长,保存了粒间孔隙度。矿物溶解并不普遍,可能对孔隙度没有显著影响。存在压力溶解的证据,如微柱面岩和颗粒之间的缝合接触,表明砂岩颗粒遭受了明显的机械压实作用。压实作用与埋藏深度有关,其对储层质量的影响在整个Rub' al-Khali盆地各不相同。硅胶结似乎来源于应力诱导的柱面岩,硅胶结在颗粒周围形成。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting Facies and Reservoir Properties in the Amin Formation Tight Gas Play, Sultanate of Oman 阿曼苏丹国Amin组致密气藏相储物性预测
J. Moss, R. Pereira, A. Aghbari, H. Zuhaibi, E. Adams
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Seventh Arabian Plate Geology Workshop: Pre-Cambrian to Paleozoic Petroleum Systems in the Arabian Plate
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