Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences最新文献

Seabass, Lates calcarifer, has high economic value; hence, it must be cultivated optimally. Constraints in cultivation include pasteurellosis and vibriosis, which disrupt growth and cause mortality. Prevention of pathogenic bacteria can be carried out by boosting fish immunity. Providing natural herbs is one way to increase immune response and prevent infection attacks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the immune response and growth performance of seabass provided with synbiotics and different herbs (black cumin, turmeric, and bitter) in the feed. The study was conducted at the Lampung Marine Aquaculture and Fishery Center using a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments were T1 negative (-) control), T2 positive ( +) control), T3 (synbiotics), T4 (herbs), and T5 (mixed). The results indicated that the highest leukocyte number and phagocytosis rate were found in T5 at 5.67 × 10⁶ cells mL⁻¹ and 67.57%, respectively, while the highest phagocytosis index was in T2 at 1.87. The most significant increases in length and weight gain, FCR, and SGR were found in T5 at 12.6 cm, 97 g, 1.62, and 3.86% day⁻¹, while the highest SR at 100% was found in T3 and T5. In conclusion, T5 significantly affected seabass's immune response and growth performance.

This paper reports the first record of a rare deep-sea fish Ijimaia loppei Roule, 1922 (Ateleopodiformes: Ateleopodidae) in the Southwest Iberian Peninsula, based on a single specimen (total length 1271 mm) bottom trawled in the mud volcano field in the Gulf of Cadiz, Spain (36º 28′ 54'' N, 7º 07′ 47'' W), at a depth of 585 m, on April 24, 2024. The morphometric and meristic measurements of I. loppei and its congener, I. antillarum, are presented and compared to previously published data. Further, this study provides insights into the diet of I. loppei and fills a gap in the known geographical distribution of the species, thereby contributing to the understanding of the ichthyofaunal biodiversity in the Gulf of Cadiz and establishing conservation strategies for habitats of ecological importance, such as the mud volcanoes.

In order to promote and support the conservation, management, and improvement of the environment in the area, the South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme (SACEP) was founded by South Asian Sea member states (Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) and administered by SACEP. The rationale and structure for the SDG 14 country-level target indicators were revisited by South Asian Sea contracting parties to assess the importance of the South Asian Seas Conventions as well as Action Plans. The goal of the analysis was to evaluate the degree of severity of marine and coastal environmental conditions using data from existing scientific investigations and to formulate an effective way for its further sustainability. The multiple shortcomings were observed as an outcome of this investigation. These shortfalls need to be addressed amicably for the benefit of the region. To accelerate SDG 14 progress, this paper suggests the appropriate implementation pathway for the South Asia region.

An attempt has been made in this paper to examine the ability of various microphysical schemes (Morrison, Thompson, Lin) of Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model in analyzing the convective features in a cyclone Tauktae over the Arabian Sea from May 14^th to May 19^th, 2021. This study explores the model’s performance of various schemes with MERRA2 observations. For rainfall, India Meteorological Department (IMD) daily rainfall dataset has been considered as observation. In this study, the evaluation of various model parameters has been done using statistical metrics and skill scores. Among the three schemes, Morrison scheme stands out to be most reliable scheme with high correlation and less BIAS and Root Mean Square error (RMSE). The convective parameters used for the study of cyclonic activity are rainfall (RF), cloud top temperature (CTT), lifted index (LI), total precipitable water (TPW), convective available potential energy (CAPE), convective inhibition (CIN), sea level pressure (SLP), sea surface temperature (SST), geo potential height (GPH), Storm Relative Helicity (SRLH), composite reflectivity (COMP_ref) and divergence. CAPE has been a useful parameter in analyzing the cyclone’s energy. The WRF model was found to be useful in forecasting severe convection related cyclonic activity.

We collected fishes from the coastal artisanal fishers of the south Andaman Islands between November 2021 to October 2022. In this study, we examined 2776 clupeoid specimens, which includes Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus (1110), Sardinella fimbriata (459), Amblygaster sirm (185), Anodontostoma chacunda (351), Dussumieria acuta (231) and Stolephorus indicus (440). The sex ratio was ideal except for S. indicus, which showed male dominance. The length–weight relationship was established using linear regression analysis (W = a × TL^b) and the relative condition factor was expressed as Kn = W/(a*TL^b). In this study, we got high coefficient of determination values for all species (r² ≥ 0.90). The slope values (b) of the linear regressions in the pooled data set varied among species from 2.907 to 3.529. The K_n values were within the range 1.004 to 1.005, and this range was not significantly varied (p > 0.05) from the ideal threshold value of 1. This study addresses the data deficiency on clupeoid fisheries in the region to establish a foundation of baseline knowledge.

This study establishes length-weight relationships (LWRs) for eight demersal fish species (Dactyloptena orientalis, D. papilio, Minous dempsterae, M. trachycephalus, Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus, Rogadius asper, Lythrichthys longimanus, Sorsogona tuberculata) for the first time. We collected fish specimens caught as trawl bycatch at depths of 200–420 m from Sakthikulangara fishing harbour, Kerala, India, between September 2021 and December 2022. Deep-sea shrimp trawl nets used had a mesh size ranging from 30 to 50 mm in the net body and 18–26 mm at the cod-end. Estimated b values ranged from 2.19 (Minous trachycephalus) to 3.55 (Pterygotrigla macrorhynchus). Most species deviated from the isometric growth value (b = 3), except for Dactyloptena orientalis. High coefficients of determination (r²) were obtained for the LWRs (0.94–0.97), indicating strong relationships. These LWR estimates are valuable for updating the FishBase database and understanding resource characteristics of poorly studied deep-sea demersal fishery resources in the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

Periclimenes pitti sp. nov. is described from the Pitti Islet, Lakshadweep, India. The new species can be distinguished from its congener P. affinis (Zehntner, 1894) by the number of rostrum teeth, presence of single spine on the distal margin of third segment of antennular peduncle, and second pair of pereiopods long and robust with 3 distinct teeth on the inner margin, tips of claw curved with tuft of setae on distal margins. In addition, we have documented the Laomenes tigris Marin, 2009 associated with crinoid and Cuapetes seychellensis (Borradaile, 1915) from Lakshadweep. L. tigris is reported for the first time from India and C. seychellensis is new to Lakshadweep.

The body of a 13.5 m long male fin whale calf (Balaenoptera physalus, Linnaeus, 1758) was found stranded in Mersin Bay on 13 May 2021. The aim of this study was to present its external examination. The carcass of the juvenile was brought to Mersin University Marine Life Museum and examined extensively. It was observed that the integrity of the body was preserved, while the skin was disintegrated and had localized lesions. It was seen that a significant part of the soft tissues in the head were damaged and the jawbone and cranium remained attached to the body. A complete fracture of the radius and ulna of the left pectoral fin was observed and blood accumulation was noted in the thoracic part due to 10–20 days of decomposition. The left pectoral fin was attached to the body only by skin. The calf’s stomach was empty and it was thought to have been suckled by its mother. The complete breakage of the left pectoral fin could have been caused by a possible ship collision. The accumulation of blood in the thoracic region is probably due to the collapse of organs inside the body. Lesions and deformations on the skin and loss of soft tissue on the head suggest that the carcass had been adrift at sea for 10 to 20 days. This study provides the first confirmed record of a fin whale stranded in Mersin Bay in Turkish waters.

Population dynamics parameters and exploitation ratio of the Indian white prawn (Penaeus indicus) were studied from August 2019 to February 2022 and data collected from three landing places (Konark, Pozem and Gowatar). During the duration of the study, 504 specimens of shrimp were analyzed in the laboratory. The mean carapace length of male and female shrimp was 36 ± 22 and 40 ± 25 mm, individually, while the mean weight of male and female shrimp was 43 ± 26 and 51 ± 29 g, respectively. The range of male and female shrimp carapace length was (30–58) and (32–70) mm individually. The result of relationship among length and weight of male shrimp carapace was W = 0.0003×CL^3.07 (n = 204, R² = 0.82, 95% C.I of b = 2.52–3.61) and female shrimp carapace W = 0.0001 ×CL^3.18 (n = 300, R² = 0.86, 95% C.I of b = 2.63–3.72). The population dynamics indices of Indian white prawn of females and males were carapace infinite length (L_inf) 73 and 69 mm, natural mortality (M) 1.47 and 1.70 per year, growth coefficient (K) 1.14 and 1.39 per year, total mortality (Z) 1.93 ± 0.55 (95% C.I = 1.38–2.48) and 1.99 ± 0.02 (95% C.I = 1.97–2.01), fishing mortality (F) 0.46 and 0.29 per year, exploitation coefficient (E) 0.24 and 0.15, respectively. Exploitation rate (U), yearly overall stock at beginning of the year were calculated as 0.2 and B₀ = 1430 T respectively, Yearly normal standing stock, B_t= 635 T were estimated. The exploitation ratio maximum sustainable yield, E_MSY = 0.50, 0.52, fishing mortality maximum sustainable yield, F_MSY=1.5, 1.9. Value of F/Fmsy was less than 1 which shows considered desirable. According to the calculated parameters, this species is not overfishing pressure (Healthy stock /under fished stock).

An updated account of the exceptional diversity of surgeonfishes from the Socotra Archipelago is provided. Thirty species of four genera (Acanthurus, Ctenochaetus, Naso and Zebrasoma) are reported, including 25 species positively recorded based on underwater observations and photographs, and partly by samples. Acanthurus bariene and A. xanthopterus are recorded from the Archipelago for the first time. Additional five species are reported based on visual observations, pending further documentation. With likely 30 species the Archipelago hosts about the entire surgeonfish diversity of wider Arabia (31 species). The 25 documented species still exceed by far the richness of any other Arabian ecoregion. A species account, accompanied by photographs, provides distinctive characters and distribution details, including records from the Arabian region. The distributional biogeography of the family pertinent to the Socotra Archipelago and the Arabian region is analysed in the context of the Western Indian Ocean. Two main Arabian units are identified: a ‘Red Sea unit’, and a ‘Gulfs-eastern Arabia unit’. Both units do form a discrete “pan-Arabian” cluster opposite to a wider northern and western Indian Ocean cluster. The Socotra Archipelago is excluded from pan-Arabia, yet represents also an outgroup within the other cluster, underscoring its transitional biogeographic position. Accordingly, the Archipelago hosts eight species whose ranges are restricted to either main cluster, Arabia (3) or the adjacent northern and western Indian Ocean (5). The Acanthuridae thus strongly contrast overall distributional patterns of coastal and reef fishes in Arabia, and do not conform to major biogeographic schemes.