This research is concerned to propose a computer vision algorithm to track manual assembly task. Manual assembly in case of electronics parts are used largely in automotive industry. The phases tracking of assembly could also be used for learning purposes such in case showed in this research, checking the assembly of an electronic educational board. The algorithms used for detection of different components are CNN (Convolutional Neuronal Network) as well as blob detection.
{"title":"Real-Time Assembly Operation Recognition","authors":"F. Marin, G. Gurău, M. Marin","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.15","url":null,"abstract":"This research is concerned to propose a computer vision algorithm to track manual assembly task. Manual assembly in case of electronics parts are used largely in automotive industry. The phases tracking of assembly could also be used for learning purposes such in case showed in this research, checking the assembly of an electronic educational board. The algorithms used for detection of different components are CNN (Convolutional Neuronal Network) as well as blob detection. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86741051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper shows the method of making the equations of the mathematical model that describes the dependence of several mechanical and casting properties on the chemical composition of the cast irons of the second fusion and on the casting conditions.The chemical composition taken into account refers to the contents of C, Si and Mn and the casting conditions analysed were: casting temperature, superheating time and superheating temperature.After performing the specific mathematical calculations, the specific mathematical equations were obtained that describe the dependence of the studied properties according to the parameters of the casting process taken into account.
{"title":"Mathematical Modeling of the Casting Process of the Second Merger","authors":"M. Neacsu","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.09","url":null,"abstract":"The paper shows the method of making the equations of the mathematical model that describes the dependence of several mechanical and casting properties on the chemical composition of the cast irons of the second fusion and on the casting conditions.The chemical composition taken into account refers to the contents of C, Si and Mn and the casting conditions analysed were: casting temperature, superheating time and superheating temperature.After performing the specific mathematical calculations, the specific mathematical equations were obtained that describe the dependence of the studied properties according to the parameters of the casting process taken into account. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"64 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72604855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents a sensitivity study of a rubber circular ring (O-Ring) depending on the value of the coefficient of friction (design parameter) between the ring and the surfaces between which it is mounted. The response value is the maximum von Mises stress in the rubber ring. The influence of temperature was not taken into account.Through this sensitivity nonlinear analysis using finite element modeling, the correlation between Equivalent maximum Von Mises Stress and Friction coefficient can be established, determining a maximum stress level of the rubber ring to the friction coefficient. This relationship is important for the preload stage of the gasket functioning.
{"title":"A Sensitivity Study of the Maximum Stress in a Rubber Circular Ring to the Coefficient of Friction Using FEM","authors":"Doina Boazu","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.05","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a sensitivity study of a rubber circular ring (O-Ring) depending on the value of the coefficient of friction (design parameter) between the ring and the surfaces between which it is mounted. The response value is the maximum von Mises stress in the rubber ring. The influence of temperature was not taken into account.Through this sensitivity nonlinear analysis using finite element modeling, the correlation between Equivalent maximum Von Mises Stress and Friction coefficient can be established, determining a maximum stress level of the rubber ring to the friction coefficient. This relationship is important for the preload stage of the gasket functioning. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73661491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of this research is the use of CFD techniques to identify the impact of using shutters in case of tiny house. Low temperatures and the aim to use as less energy amount as possible need solution. The composites shells allow designing efficient shutters that is isolating in an important manner windows. The CFD software allows to identify the air currents and the areas where heat is lost due to the extreme weather conditions.
{"title":"CFD Modeling and Simulation of a Tiny House in Extreme Weather Conditions","authors":"F. Marin, M. Marin","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this research is the use of CFD techniques to identify the impact of using shutters in case of tiny house. Low temperatures and the aim to use as less energy amount as possible need solution. The composites shells allow designing efficient shutters that is isolating in an important manner windows. The CFD software allows to identify the air currents and the areas where heat is lost due to the extreme weather conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73436526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicoleta Bogatu, Marius Mocanu, Viorica Ghisman, D. Buruiana
Waste management is seen as a filter between the anthroposphere and the environment. Therefore, these substances must be eliminated from the products’ life cycle and managed in a way that does not harm the environment or human health.At the same time, into consideration it must be taken that a significant part of plastic products belongs to the group of long-life goods and accumulates in the anthroposphere for years. Even if some dangerous additives are forbidden or replaced with more ecological alternatives, years or decades after the manufactured goods have been produced for various application sectors, plastics that contain these kinds of substances appear in the waste streams of the bovementioned long-life goods.Therefore, the knowledge regarding the plastic waste quantity, the level of information of the population, as well as the citizens’ attitude towards selective waste management are important aspects for the efficient design of the future action plan for plastic waste management.This study tries to analyse the attitudes that the citizens of the “Plantelor” neighbourhood of Braila Municipality have regarding the environment and their ecological behaviour.At the same time, we propose to obtain a perspective upon the citizen’s knowledge from that area regarding the actual environmental problems and the way in which they adopt sustainable behaviours in a circular economy in order to issue a warning. This is necessary in order to create some educational programs in partnership with public institutions and to be informed about the 3R philosophy.
{"title":"Studies on the Possibilities of Improving Plastic Management Services","authors":"Nicoleta Bogatu, Marius Mocanu, Viorica Ghisman, D. Buruiana","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.18","url":null,"abstract":"Waste management is seen as a filter between the anthroposphere and the environment. Therefore, these substances must be eliminated from the products’ life cycle and managed in a way that does not harm the environment or human health.At the same time, into consideration it must be taken that a significant part of plastic products belongs to the group of long-life goods and accumulates in the anthroposphere for years. Even if some dangerous additives are forbidden or replaced with more ecological alternatives, years or decades after the manufactured goods have been produced for various application sectors, plastics that contain these kinds of substances appear in the waste streams of the bovementioned long-life goods.Therefore, the knowledge regarding the plastic waste quantity, the level of information of the population, as well as the citizens’ attitude towards selective waste management are important aspects for the efficient design of the future action plan for plastic waste management.This study tries to analyse the attitudes that the citizens of the “Plantelor” neighbourhood of Braila Municipality have regarding the environment and their ecological behaviour.At the same time, we propose to obtain a perspective upon the citizen’s knowledge from that area regarding the actual environmental problems and the way in which they adopt sustainable behaviours in a circular economy in order to issue a warning. This is necessary in order to create some educational programs in partnership with public institutions and to be informed about the 3R philosophy. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85043772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tamara APARECI GÎRNEȚ, Irina DĂNĂILĂ ȚÎCĂU, Iulian Păduraru, A. Cîrciumaru, M. Gorovei
In recent years, the interest in using fiber reinforced composites (FRC) has increased due to their potential to replace traditional materials in various applications. The advantages of polymer composites from natural fibres are: biodegradability, high performance, market availability and low price. This article is based on a review that discusses both polymer composite materials and typical applications by other authors on fiber reinforced composites (FRCs).
{"title":"Trends on Reinforced Polymer Composites – A Review","authors":"Tamara APARECI GÎRNEȚ, Irina DĂNĂILĂ ȚÎCĂU, Iulian Păduraru, A. Cîrciumaru, M. Gorovei","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the interest in using fiber reinforced composites (FRC) has increased due to their potential to replace traditional materials in various applications. The advantages of polymer composites from natural fibres are: biodegradability, high performance, market availability and low price. This article is based on a review that discusses both polymer composite materials and typical applications by other authors on fiber reinforced composites (FRCs). \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79677783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SEBASTIAN-MARIAN Draghici, Irina DĂNĂILĂ ȚÎCĂU, Tamara APARECI GÎRNEȚ, Gabriel Săracu, Iulian Păduraru, V. Bria, A. Cîrciumaru, M. Gorovei
Recent and extensive reports on the development of preparation methods that can lead to obtaining various nanostructured polymeric materials, including the preparation of nanoparticles, nano-capsules, nano-gels, nano-fibres, dendrimers and nano-composites, have been presented in the literature to provide a picture of the complexity of the field, and the diversity of approaching methods. From the data presented by various researchers, it appears that by ensuring a rigorous control of the nano-structuration of polymers and/or by adding nano-particles to the polymer matrices, improvements in structural and functional properties can be achieved in a significant number of polymer systems as a response to the continuous demands of industrial advanced sectors. Until now, most of the studies on polymer blends have been related to the control of their physical and chemical properties, their barrier properties or their electrical conductivity. This paper briefly presents various applications of resins (thermoset polymers) used to synthesize some polymer materials and blends.
{"title":"Modified Thermosets – A Review","authors":"SEBASTIAN-MARIAN Draghici, Irina DĂNĂILĂ ȚÎCĂU, Tamara APARECI GÎRNEȚ, Gabriel Săracu, Iulian Păduraru, V. Bria, A. Cîrciumaru, M. Gorovei","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Recent and extensive reports on the development of preparation methods that can lead to obtaining various nanostructured polymeric materials, including the preparation of nanoparticles, nano-capsules, nano-gels, nano-fibres, dendrimers and nano-composites, have been presented in the literature to provide a picture of the complexity of the field, and the diversity of approaching methods. From the data presented by various researchers, it appears that by ensuring a rigorous control of the nano-structuration of polymers and/or by adding nano-particles to the polymer matrices, improvements in structural and functional properties can be achieved in a significant number of polymer systems as a response to the continuous demands of industrial advanced sectors. Until now, most of the studies on polymer blends have been related to the control of their physical and chemical properties, their barrier properties or their electrical conductivity. This paper briefly presents various applications of resins (thermoset polymers) used to synthesize some polymer materials and blends. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"391 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80150076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the research carried out on a laboratory scale in order to establish the heat treatment parameters for the thick sheets used for naval constructions (welded joints). Investigations were carried out on steel sheets with two different chemical compositions.In the same cooling conditions, returns were made at different times and temperatures. For the different sheet thicknesses of 15, 20, 22 and 24 mm, various heat treatment options were performed, by changing the cooling conditions of the sheets, respectively the cooling speeds, conditions that can be achieved in the industry.The laboratory results showed that the required values for the mechanical characteristics are obtained only by cooling in water under pressure followed by a return at temperatures equal to or greater than 650 °C, a time greater than 70 min.
{"title":"Research on Heat Treatment Applied to High Strength Construction Steels","authors":"M. Neacsu","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the research carried out on a laboratory scale in order to establish the heat treatment parameters for the thick sheets used for naval constructions (welded joints). Investigations were carried out on steel sheets with two different chemical compositions.In the same cooling conditions, returns were made at different times and temperatures. For the different sheet thicknesses of 15, 20, 22 and 24 mm, various heat treatment options were performed, by changing the cooling conditions of the sheets, respectively the cooling speeds, conditions that can be achieved in the industry.The laboratory results showed that the required values for the mechanical characteristics are obtained only by cooling in water under pressure followed by a return at temperatures equal to or greater than 650 °C, a time greater than 70 min. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75034374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of steel and continuously cast semi-finished products largely depend on the degree and control of the interaction between slag, gas, and refractories, with the steel melt. In this work, through the analysis of some samples from a used refractory lining of a tundish, with the help of optical microscopy, the wear of the refractory layer was highlighted, due to the erosion and infiltration of steel microparticles into the pores of the lining. The examination of the samples was carried out in the interface area, metal-shotcrete, shotcrete-concrete, and the area with refractory concrete.
{"title":"The Influence of the Wear of the Refractory Lining, of the Tundish, on the Quality of the Steel","authors":"B. Tudor","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.07","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of steel and continuously cast semi-finished products largely depend on the degree and control of the interaction between slag, gas, and refractories, with the steel melt. In this work, through the analysis of some samples from a used refractory lining of a tundish, with the help of optical microscopy, the wear of the refractory layer was highlighted, due to the erosion and infiltration of steel microparticles into the pores of the lining. The examination of the samples was carried out in the interface area, metal-shotcrete, shotcrete-concrete, and the area with refractory concrete. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85016408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irina DĂNĂILĂ ȚÎCĂU, Tamara APARECI GÎRNEȚ, SEBASTIAN-MARIAN Draghici, Iulian Păduraru, Gabriel Săracu, A. Cîrciumaru, M. Gorovei
The main objective of this paper is to realise a review on fundamental research regarding the development of new and efficient methods to determine the mechanical, thermal, tribological, and thermo-mechanical properties of composite materials, analysing the results obtained through various graphs and diagrams accompanied by demonstrations and explanations from the specialized literature. Developing new materials or improving the properties of existing materials has been and is a concern of researchers. The chemistry of complex combinations represents one of the most important fields of scientific research, both in terms of theoretical investigations and practical applications. The interest shown towards complex combinations is justified by the contribution brought by the accumulation of knowledge about inorganic chemicals, polymers as well as about epoxy resins and polyvinyl ester, of course also about the design, formation and analysis through mechanical tests (compression, tension, three-point bending), thermal, tribological of composite materials modified with various modifying agents.
{"title":"A Review on Modified Polymers and Their Composites","authors":"Irina DĂNĂILĂ ȚÎCĂU, Tamara APARECI GÎRNEȚ, SEBASTIAN-MARIAN Draghici, Iulian Păduraru, Gabriel Săracu, A. Cîrciumaru, M. Gorovei","doi":"10.35219/mms.2022.4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.4.19","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper is to realise a review on fundamental research regarding the development of new and efficient methods to determine the mechanical, thermal, tribological, and thermo-mechanical properties of composite materials, analysing the results obtained through various graphs and diagrams accompanied by demonstrations and explanations from the specialized literature. Developing new materials or improving the properties of existing materials has been and is a concern of researchers. The chemistry of complex combinations represents one of the most important fields of scientific research, both in terms of theoretical investigations and practical applications. The interest shown towards complex combinations is justified by the contribution brought by the accumulation of knowledge about inorganic chemicals, polymers as well as about epoxy resins and polyvinyl ester, of course also about the design, formation and analysis through mechanical tests (compression, tension, three-point bending), thermal, tribological of composite materials modified with various modifying agents. \u0000","PeriodicalId":22358,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87982183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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